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Frenzke L, Röckel F, Wenke T, Schwander F, Grützmann K, Naumann J, Zakrzewski F, Heinekamp T, Maglione M, Wenke A, Kögler A, Zyprian E, Dahl A, Förster F, Töpfer R, Wanke S. Genotyping-by-sequencing-based high-resolution mapping reveals a single candidate gene for the grapevine veraison locus Ver1. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 196:244-260. [PMID: 38743690 PMCID: PMC11376399 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Veraison marks the transition from berry growth to berry ripening and is a crucial phenological stage in grapevine (Vitis vinifera): the berries become soft and begin to accumulate sugars, aromatic substances, and, in red cultivars, anthocyanins for pigmentation, while the organic acid levels begin to decrease. These changes determine the potential quality of wine. However, rising global temperatures lead to earlier flowering and ripening, which strongly influence wine quality. Here, we combined genotyping-by-sequencing with a bioinformatics pipeline on ∼150 F1 genotypes derived from a cross between the early ripening variety "Calardis Musqué" and the late-ripening variety "Villard Blanc". Starting from 20,410 haplotype-based markers, we generated a high-density genetic map and performed a quantitative trait locus analysis based on phenotypic datasets evaluated over 20 yrs. Through locus-specific marker enrichment and recombinant screening of ∼1,000 additional genotypes, we refined the originally postulated 5-mb veraison locus, Ver1, on chromosome 16 to only 112 kb, allowing us to pinpoint the ethylene response factor VviERF027 (VCost.v3 gene ID: Vitvi16g00942, CRIBIv1 gene ID: VIT_16s0100g00400) as veraison candidate gene. Furthermore, the early veraison allele could be traced back to a clonal "Pinot" variant first mentioned in the seventeenth century. "Pinot Precoce Noir" passed this allele over "Madeleine Royale" to the maternal grandparent "Bacchus Weiss" and, ultimately, to the maternal parent "Calardis Musqué". Our findings are crucial for ripening time control, thereby improving wine quality, and for breeding grapevines adjusted to climate change scenarios that have a major impact on agro-ecosystems in altering crop plant phenology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Frenzke
- Institute of Botany, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Franco Röckel
- Julius Kühn Institute (JKI), Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof, 76833 Siebeldingen, Germany
| | | | - Florian Schwander
- Julius Kühn Institute (JKI), Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof, 76833 Siebeldingen, Germany
| | | | - Julia Naumann
- Institute of Botany, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Tom Heinekamp
- Julius Kühn Institute (JKI), Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof, 76833 Siebeldingen, Germany
| | - Maria Maglione
- Julius Kühn Institute (JKI), Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof, 76833 Siebeldingen, Germany
| | - Anja Wenke
- Institute of Botany, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Anja Kögler
- Institute of Botany, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Eva Zyprian
- Julius Kühn Institute (JKI), Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof, 76833 Siebeldingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Dahl
- DRESDEN-concept Genome Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Franz Förster
- Institute of Botany, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Reinhard Töpfer
- Julius Kühn Institute (JKI), Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof, 76833 Siebeldingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Wanke
- Institute of Botany, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
- Departamento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
- Botanik und Molekulare Evolutionsforschung, Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institut für Ökologie, Evolution und Diversität, Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Rahman MU, Liu X, Wang X, Fan B. Grapevine gray mold disease: infection, defense and management. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae182. [PMID: 39247883 PMCID: PMC11374537 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.,) is among the world's leading fruit crops. The production of grapes is severely affected by many diseases including gray mold, caused by the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea. Although all Vitis species can be hosts for B. cinerea, V. vinifera are particularly susceptible. Accordingly, this disease poses a significant threat to the grape industry and causes substantial economic losses. Development of resistant V. vinifera cultivars has progressed from incidental selection by farmers, to targeted selection through the use of statistics and experimental design, to the employment of genetic and genomic data. Emerging technologies such as marker-assisted selection and genetic engineering have facilitated the development of cultivars that possess resistance to B. cinerea. A promising method involves using the CRISPR/Cas9 system to induce targeted mutagenesis and develop genetically modified non-transgenic crops. Hence, scientists are now engaged in the active pursuit of identifying genes associated with susceptibility and resistance. This review focuses on the known mechanisms of interaction between the B. cinerea pathogen and its grapevine host. It also explores innate immune systems that have evolved in V. vinifera, with the objective of facilitating the rapid development of resistant grapevine cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mati Ur Rahman
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Department of Forest Protection, College of Forestry and Grassland, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210073, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Department of Forest Protection, College of Forestry and Grassland, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210073, China
| | - Xiping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ben Fan
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Department of Forest Protection, College of Forestry and Grassland, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210073, China
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Fernandes de Oliveira A, Piga GK, Najoui S, Becca G, Marceddu S, Rigoldi MP, Satta D, Bagella S, Nieddu G. UV light and adaptive divergence of leaf physiology, anatomy, and ultrastructure drive heat stress tolerance in genetically distant grapevines. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1399840. [PMID: 38957604 PMCID: PMC11217527 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1399840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The genetic basis of plant response to light and heat stresses had been unveiled, and different molecular mechanisms of leaf cell homeostasis to keep high physiological performances were recognized in grapevine varieties. However, the ability to develop heat stress tolerance strategies must be further elucidated since the morpho-anatomical and physiological traits involved may vary with genotype × environment combination, stress intensity, and duration. A 3-year experiment was conducted on potted plants of Sardinian red grapevine cultivars Cannonau (syn. Grenache) and Carignano (syn. Carignan), exposed to prolonged heat stress inside a UV-blocking greenhouse, either submitted to low daily UV-B doses of 4.63 kJ m-2 d-1 (+UV) or to 0 kJ m-2 d-1 (-UV), and compared to a control (C) exposed to solar radiation (4.05 kJ m-2 d-1 average UV-B dose). Irrigation was supplied to avoid water stress, and canopy light and thermal microclimate were monitored continuously. Heat stress exceeded one-third of the duration inside the greenhouse and 6% in C. In vivo spectroscopy, including leaf reflectance and fluorescence, allowed for characterizing different patterns of leaf traits and metabolites involved in oxidative stress protection. Cannonau showed lower stomatal conductance under C (200 mmol m-2 s-1) but more than twice the values inside the greenhouse (400 to 900 mmol m-2 s-1), where water use efficiency was reduced similarly in both varieties. Under severe heat stress and -UV, Cannonau showed a sharper decrease in primary photochemical activity and higher leaf pigment reflectance indexes and leaf mass area. UV-B increased the leaf pigments, especially in Carignano, and different leaf cell regulatory traits to prevent oxidative damage were observed in leaf cross-sections. Heat stress induced chloroplast swelling, plastoglobule diffusion, and the accumulation of secretion deposits in both varieties, aggravated in Cannonau -UV by cell vacuolation, membrane dilation, and diffused leaf blade spot swelling. Conversely, in Carignano UV-B, cell wall barriers and calcium oxalate crystals proliferated in mesophyll cells. These responses suggest an adaptive divergence among cultivars to prolonged heat stress and UV-B light. Further research on grapevine biodiversity, heat, and UV-B light interactions may give new insights on the extent of stress tolerance to improve viticulture adaptive strategies in climate change hotspots.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Soumiya Najoui
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giovanna Becca
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Salvatore Marceddu
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Sassari, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Rigoldi
- Agris Sardegna, Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia, Sassari, Italy
| | - Daniela Satta
- Agris Sardegna, Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia, Sassari, Italy
| | - Simonetta Bagella
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Nieddu
- Department of Agriculture, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Bulgakov VP. Chromatin modifications and memory in regulation of stress-related polyphenols: finding new ways to control flavonoid biosynthesis. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38697923 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2024.2336529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
The influence of epigenetic factors on plant defense responses and the balance between growth and defense is becoming a central area in plant biology. It is believed that the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites can be regulated by epigenetic factors, but this is not associated with the formation of a "memory" to the previous biosynthetic status. This review shows that some epigenetic effects can result in epigenetic memory, which opens up new areas of research in secondary metabolites, in particular flavonoids. Plant-controlled chromatin modifications can lead to the generation of stress memory, a phenomenon through which information regarding past stress cues is retained, resulting in a modified response to recurring stress. How deeply are the mechanisms of chromatin modification and memory generation involved in the control of flavonoid biosynthesis? This article collects available information from the literature and interactome databases to address this issue. Visualization of the interaction of chromatin-modifying proteins with the flavonoid biosynthetic machinery is presented. Chromatin modifiers and "bookmarks" that may be involved in the regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis through memory have been identified. Through different mechanisms of chromatin modification, plants can harmonize flavonoid metabolism with: stress responses, developmental programs, light-dependent processes, flowering, and longevity programs. The available information points to the possibility of developing chromatin-modifying technologies to control flavonoid biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor P Bulgakov
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
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Gomez HAG, Niederauer GF, Minatel IO, Antunes ERM, Carneiro MJ, Sawaya ACHF, Zanus MC, Ritschel PS, Quecini V, Pereira Lima GP, Marques MOM. Metabolite profiling reveals the influence of grapevine genetic distance on the chemical signature of juices. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:2383-2397. [PMID: 37961851 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yield, disease tolerance, and climate adaptation are important traits in grapevine genetic breeding programs. Selection for these characteristics causes unpredictable changes in primary and specialized metabolism, affecting the physicochemical properties and chemical composition of the berries and their processed products, juice, and wine. In this study, we investigated the influence of the genetic distance between grapevine genotypes on the chemical signatures of the juices, by integrating comprehensive metabolic profiling to genetic analyses. RESULTS The studied grapevine cultivars exhibited low genetic diversity. Breeding for agronomic traits promoted higher contents of soluble sugars, total phenolics, and anthocyanins in the juices. Untargeted juice metabolomics identified a total of 147 metabolites, consisting of 30 volatiles, 21 phenolics, and 96 ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) features. Juices from grapes of the most recent cultivars exhibited increased levels of trans-resveratrol, catechin, and luteolin. The blend of volatiles from juices of later cultivars was also more complex, consisting of 29 distinct metabolites in 'BRS Magna'. Grapes from 'BRS Carmem', an intermediate cultivar, gave the most divergent UHPLC-MS juice profile. CONCLUSION Contents of soluble solids, total phenolics, and anthocyanins in grape juices were increased by controlled crosses and hybrid selection. Integrative analyses demonstrated that the juices' metabolic profiles accurately represent the cultivars' genetic distances. Juices from 'BRS Violeta' and 'BRS Magna' show relevant positive association with health-related phenolics and a distinct set of odor volatiles, although these characteristics were specifically sought by breeding. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector Alonzo Gomez Gomez
- School of Agriculture, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Plant Genetic Resources Center, Agronomic Institute (IAC), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Igor Otavio Minatel
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Mauro Celso Zanus
- Embrapa, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Bento Gonçalves, 95701-008, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Vera Quecini
- Embrapa, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Bento Gonçalves, 95701-008, RS, Brazil
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Venios X, Gkizi D, Nisiotou A, Korkas E, Tjamos SE, Zamioudis C, Banilas G. Emerging Roles of Epigenetics in Grapevine and Winegrowing. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:515. [PMID: 38498480 PMCID: PMC10893341 DOI: 10.3390/plants13040515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Epigenetics refers to dynamic chemical modifications to the genome that can perpetuate gene activity without changes in the DNA sequence. Epigenetic mechanisms play important roles in growth and development. They may also drive plant adaptation to adverse environmental conditions by buffering environmental variation. Grapevine is an important perennial fruit crop cultivated worldwide, but mostly in temperate zones with hot and dry summers. The decrease in rainfall and the rise in temperature due to climate change, along with the expansion of pests and diseases, constitute serious threats to the sustainability of winegrowing. Ongoing research shows that epigenetic modifications are key regulators of important grapevine developmental processes, including berry growth and ripening. Variations in epigenetic modifications driven by genotype-environment interplay may also lead to novel phenotypes in response to environmental cues, a phenomenon called phenotypic plasticity. Here, we summarize the recent advances in the emerging field of grapevine epigenetics. We primarily highlight the impact of epigenetics to grapevine stress responses and acquisition of stress tolerance. We further discuss how epigenetics may affect winegrowing and also shape the quality of wine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xenophon Venios
- Department of Wine, Vine and Beverage Sciences, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos 28, 12243 Athens, Greece; (X.V.); (D.G.); (E.K.)
| | - Danai Gkizi
- Department of Wine, Vine and Beverage Sciences, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos 28, 12243 Athens, Greece; (X.V.); (D.G.); (E.K.)
| | - Aspasia Nisiotou
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization “Demeter”, Sofokli Venizelou 1, 14123 Lykovryssi, Greece;
| | - Elias Korkas
- Department of Wine, Vine and Beverage Sciences, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos 28, 12243 Athens, Greece; (X.V.); (D.G.); (E.K.)
| | - Sotirios E. Tjamos
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Str., 11855 Athens, Greece;
| | - Christos Zamioudis
- Department of Agricultural Development, Democritus University of Thrace, Pantazidou 193, 68200 Orestiada, Greece;
| | - Georgios Banilas
- Department of Wine, Vine and Beverage Sciences, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos 28, 12243 Athens, Greece; (X.V.); (D.G.); (E.K.)
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Rogiers SY, Greer DH, Liu Y, Baby T, Xiao Z. Impact of climate change on grape berry ripening: An assessment of adaptation strategies for the Australian vineyard. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1094633. [PMID: 36618637 PMCID: PMC9811181 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1094633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Compressed vintages, high alcohol and low wine acidity are but a few repercussions of climate change effects on Australian viticulture. While warm and cool growing regions may have different practical concerns related to climate change, they both experience altered berry and must composition and potentially reduced desirable wine characteristics and market value. Storms, drought and uncertain water supplies combined with excessive heat not only depress vine productivity through altered physiology but can have direct consequences on the fruit. Sunburn, shrivelling and altered sugar-flavour-aroma balance are becoming more prevalent while bushfires can result in smoke taint. Moreover, distorted pest and disease cycles and changes in pathogen geographical distribution have altered biotic stress dynamics that require novel management strategies. A multipronged approach to address these challenges may include alternative cultivars and rootstocks or changing geographic location. In addition, modifying and incorporating novel irrigation regimes, vine architecture and canopy manipulation, vineyard floor management, soil amendments and foliar products such as antitranspirants and other film-forming barriers are potential levers that can be used to manage the effects of climate change. The adoption of technology into the vineyard including weather, plant and soil sensors are giving viticulturists extra tools to make quick decisions, while satellite and airborne remote sensing allow the adoption of precision farming. A coherent and comprehensive approach to climate risk management, with consideration of the environment, ensures that optimum production and exceptional fruit quality is maintained. We review the preliminary findings and feasibility of these new strategies in the Australian context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzy Y. Rogiers
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar, NSW, Australia
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
- Gulbali Institute, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Dennis H. Greer
- Gulbali Institute, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Yin Liu
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
- Gulbali Institute, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
- School of Agriculture Environmental and Veterinary Science, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Tintu Baby
- Gulbali Institute, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Zeyu Xiao
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
- Gulbali Institute, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
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Liu X, Chen H, Li S, Lecourieux D, Duan W, Fan P, Liang Z, Wang L. Natural variations of HSFA2 enhance thermotolerance in grapevine. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 10:uhac250. [PMID: 36643748 PMCID: PMC9832954 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress limits growth and development of crops including grapevine which is a popular fruit in the world. Genetic variability in crops thermotolerance is not well understood. We identified and characterized heat stress transcription factor HSFA2 in heat sensitive Vitis vinifera 'Jingxiu' (named as VvHSFA2) and heat tolerant Vitis davidii 'Tangwei' (named as VdHSFA2). The transcriptional activation activities of VdHSFA2 are higher than VvHSFA2, the variation of single amino acid (Thr315Ile) in AHA1 motif leads to the difference of transcription activities between VdHSFA2 and VvHSFA2. Based on 41 Vitis germplasms, we found that HSFA2 is differentiated at coding region among heat sensitive V. vinifera, and heat tolerant Vitis davidii and Vitis quinquangularis. Genetic evidence demonstrates VdHSFA2 and VvHSFA2 are positive regulators in grape thermotolerance, and the former can confer higher thermotolerance than the latter. Moreover, VdHSFA2 can regulate more target genes than VvHSFA2. As a target gene of both VdHSFA2 and VvHSFA2, overexpression of MBF1c enhanced the grape thermotolerance whereas dysfunction of MBF1c resulted in thermosensitive phenotype. Together, our results revealed that VdHSFA2 confers higher thermotolerance than VvHSFA2, and MBF1c acts as their target gene to induce thermotolerance. The VdHSFA2 may be adopted for molecular breeding in grape thermotolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinna Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haiyang Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shenchang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - David Lecourieux
- EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, Bordeaux University, Villenave d'Ornon F-33882, France
| | - Wei Duan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Peige Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Zhenchang Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
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9
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Savoi S, Supapvanich S, Hildebrand H, Stralis-Pavese N, Forneck A, Kreil DP, Griesser M. Expression Analyses in the Rachis Hint towards Major Cell Wall Modifications in Grape Clusters Showing Berry Shrivel Symptoms. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2159. [PMID: 36015462 PMCID: PMC9413262 DOI: 10.3390/plants11162159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Berry shrivel (BS) is one of the prominent and still unresolved ripening physiological disorders in grapevine. The causes of BS are unclear, and previous studies focused on the berry metabolism or histological studies, including cell viability staining in the rachis and berries of BS clusters. Herein, we studied the transcriptional modulation induced by BS in the rachis of pre-symptomatic and symptomatic clusters with a custom-made microarray qPCR in relation to a previous RNASeq study of BS berries. Gene set analysis of transcript expression in symptomatic rachis tissue determined suppression of cell wall biosynthesis, which could also be confirmed already in pre-symptomatic BS rachis by CESA8 qPCR analyses, while in BS berries, a high number of SWITCH genes were suppressed at veraison. Additionally, genes associated with the cell wall were differently affected by BS in berries. A high percentage of hydrolytic enzymes were induced in BS grapes in rachis and berries, while other groups such as, e.g., xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase, were suppressed in BS rachis. In conclusion, we propose that modulated cell wall biosynthesis and cell wall assembly in pre-symptomatic BS rachis have potential consequences for cell wall strength and lead to a forced degradation of cell walls in symptomatic grape clusters. The similarity to sugar starvation transcriptional profiles provides a link to BS berries, which are low in sugar accumulation. However, further studies remain necessary to investigate the temporal and spatial coordination in both tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Savoi
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Suriyan Supapvanich
- Department of Agricultural Education, School of Industrial Education and Technology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, 1 Chalongkrung Road, Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Heinrich Hildebrand
- Institute of Viticulture and Pomology, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Nancy Stralis-Pavese
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Computational Biology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Astrid Forneck
- Institute of Viticulture and Pomology, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - David P. Kreil
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michaela Griesser
- Institute of Viticulture and Pomology, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
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10
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Villalobos-Soublett E, Verdugo-Vásquez N, Díaz I, Zurita-Silva A. Adapting Grapevine Productivity and Fitness to Water Deficit by Means of Naturalized Rootstocks. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:870438. [PMID: 35685018 PMCID: PMC9171144 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.870438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Climate change effects are unbalanced in all regions and cultivars linked to the wine industry. However, the impact of extreme weather events, such as drought and rising global temperatures, highlight the potential vulnerability in plant productivity, phenology, and crop water requirements that affect quality and harvests. Among adaptative measures for grapevine cultivars in existing or new winegrowing areas, the use of tolerant rootstocks to abiotic stress has been regarded as a mid-term strategy to face emerging constrains. The aim of this study was to compare naturalized or autochthonous rootstocks influence over grapevine cultivar performance and to characterize their response to deficit irrigation conditions. Data was collected from Cabernet Sauvignon and Syrah grafted plants for over 3 growing seasons (2018-2021) from a hyper-arid experimental field in Vicuña, Chile. Morpho-physiological parameters were determined throughout seasons and combinations where significant effects from rootstocks, irrigation treatment, and cultivar were observed over An and gs, thus modifying CO2 assimilation and intrinsic Water Use Efficiency (WUEi). Primary productivity and yield were also modified by rootstock depending upon cultivar hydric behavior. Interestingly, cluster and berry traits were unaffected despite how water productivity and integral water stress were modulated by rootstock. In both cultivars, it was observed that trait responses varied according to the irrigation conditions, rootstocks, and their respective interactions, thus highlighting a relative influence of the rootstocks in the processes of adaptation to the water deficit. Moreover, harvest date and acidity were modified by deficit irrigation treatment, and rootstocks did not modify phenological stages. Adaptation of grapevines to expected lower water availability might be improved by using suitable tolerant rootstocks, and maturity index can be modified through irrigation management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolás Verdugo-Vásquez
- Centro de Investigación Intihuasi, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias INIA, La Serena, Chile
| | - Irina Díaz
- Centro de Investigación Raihuén, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias INIA, San Javier, Chile
| | - Andrés Zurita-Silva
- Centro de Investigación Intihuasi, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias INIA, La Serena, Chile
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Olivares F, Loyola R, Olmedo B, Miccono MDLÁ, Aguirre C, Vergara R, Riquelme D, Madrid G, Plantat P, Mora R, Espinoza D, Prieto H. CRISPR/Cas9 Targeted Editing of Genes Associated With Fungal Susceptibility in Vitis vinifera L. cv. Thompson Seedless Using Geminivirus-Derived Replicons. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:791030. [PMID: 35003180 PMCID: PMC8733719 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.791030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The woody nature of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) has hindered the development of efficient gene editing strategies to improve this species. The lack of highly efficient gene transfer techniques, which, furthermore, are applied in multicellular explants such as somatic embryos, are additional technical handicaps to gene editing in the vine. The inclusion of geminivirus-based replicons in regular T-DNA vectors can enhance the expression of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) elements, thus enabling the use of these multicellular explants as starting materials. In this study, we used Bean yellow dwarf virus (BeYDV)-derived replicon vectors to express the key components of CRISPR/Cas9 system in vivo and evaluate their editing capability in individuals derived from Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer experiments of 'Thompson Seedless' somatic embryos. Preliminary assays using a BeYDV-derived vector for green fluorescent protein reporter gene expression demonstrated marker visualization in embryos for up to 33 days post-infiltration. A universal BeYDV-based vector (pGMV-U) was assembled to produce all CRISPR/Cas9 components with up to four independent guide RNA (gRNA) expression cassettes. With a focus on fungal tolerance, we used gRNA pairs to address considerably large deletions of putative grape susceptibility genes, including AUXIN INDUCED IN ROOT CULTURE 12 (VviAIR12), SUGARS WILL EVENTUALLY BE EXPORTED TRANSPORTER 4 (VviSWEET4), LESION INITIATION 2 (VviLIN2), and DIMERIZATION PARTNER-E2F-LIKE 1 (VviDEL1). The editing functionality of gRNA pairs in pGMV-U was evaluated by grapevine leaf agroinfiltration assays, thus enabling longer-term embryo transformations. These experiments allowed for the establishment of greenhouse individuals exhibiting a double-cut edited status for all targeted genes under different allele-editing conditions. After approximately 18 months, the edited grapevine plants were preliminary evaluated regarding its resistance to Erysiphe necator and Botrytis cinerea. Assays have shown that a transgene-free VviDEL1 double-cut edited line exhibits over 90% reduction in symptoms triggered by powdery mildew infection. These results point to the use of geminivirus-based replicons for gene editing in grapevine and other relevant fruit species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Olivares
- Biotechnology Laboratory, La Platina Research Station, National Institute of Agriculture Research, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Loyola
- Biotechnology Laboratory, La Platina Research Station, National Institute of Agriculture Research, Santiago, Chile
| | - Blanca Olmedo
- Biotechnology Laboratory, La Platina Research Station, National Institute of Agriculture Research, Santiago, Chile
| | - María de los Ángeles Miccono
- Biotechnology Laboratory, La Platina Research Station, National Institute of Agriculture Research, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Aguirre
- Biotechnology Laboratory, La Platina Research Station, National Institute of Agriculture Research, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ricardo Vergara
- Biotechnology Laboratory, La Platina Research Station, National Institute of Agriculture Research, Santiago, Chile
| | - Danae Riquelme
- Phytopathology Laboratory, La Platina Research Station, National Institute of Agriculture Research, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gabriela Madrid
- Biotechnology Laboratory, La Platina Research Station, National Institute of Agriculture Research, Santiago, Chile
| | - Philippe Plantat
- Biotechnology Laboratory, La Platina Research Station, National Institute of Agriculture Research, Santiago, Chile
| | - Roxana Mora
- Biotechnology Laboratory, La Platina Research Station, National Institute of Agriculture Research, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel Espinoza
- Biotechnology Laboratory, La Platina Research Station, National Institute of Agriculture Research, Santiago, Chile
| | - Humberto Prieto
- Biotechnology Laboratory, La Platina Research Station, National Institute of Agriculture Research, Santiago, Chile
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Maillot P, Velt A, Rustenholz C, Butterlin G, Merdinoglu D, Duchêne E. Alternative splicing regulation appears to play a crucial role in grape berry development and is also potentially involved in adaptation responses to the environment. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:487. [PMID: 34696712 PMCID: PMC8543832 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03266-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alternative splicing (AS) produces transcript variants playing potential roles in proteome diversification and gene expression regulation. AS modulation is thus essential to respond to developmental and environmental stimuli. In grapevine, a better understanding of berry development is crucial for implementing breeding and viticultural strategies allowing adaptation to climate changes. Although profound changes in gene transcription have been shown to occur in the course of berry ripening, no detailed study on splicing modifications during this period has been published so far. We report here on the regulation of gene AS in developing berries of two grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) varieties, Gewurztraminer (Gw) and Riesling (Ri), showing distinctive phenotypic characteristics. Using the software rMATS, the transcriptomes of berries at four developmental steps, from the green stage to mid-ripening, were analysed in pairwise comparisons between stages and varieties. RESULTS A total of 305 differential AS (DAS) events, affecting 258 genes, were identified. Interestingly, 22% of these AS events had not been reported before. Among the 80 genes that underwent the most significant variations during ripening, 22 showed a similar splicing profile in Gw and Ri, which suggests their involvement in berry development. Conversely, 23 genes were subjected to splicing regulation in only one variety. In addition, the ratios of alternative isoforms were different in Gw and Ri for 35 other genes, without any change during ripening. This last result indicates substantial AS differences between the two varieties. Remarkably, 8 AS events were specific to one variety, due to the lack of a splice site in the other variety. Furthermore, the transcription rates of the genes affected by stage-dependent splicing regulation were mostly unchanged, identifying AS modulation as an independent way of shaping the transcriptome. CONCLUSIONS The analysis of AS profiles in grapevine varieties with contrasting phenotypes revealed some similarity in the regulation of several genes with developmental functions, suggesting their involvement in berry ripening. Additionally, many splicing differences were discovered between the two varieties, that could be linked to phenotypic specificities and distinct adaptive capacities. Together, these findings open perspectives for a better understanding of berry development and for the selection of grapevine genotypes adapted to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascale Maillot
- SVQV, INRAE - University of Strasbourg, 68000, Colmar, France.
- University of Haute Alsace, 68000, Mulhouse, France.
| | - Amandine Velt
- SVQV, INRAE - University of Strasbourg, 68000, Colmar, France
| | | | | | | | - Eric Duchêne
- SVQV, INRAE - University of Strasbourg, 68000, Colmar, France
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