1
|
Zhu Y, Liu C, Zhao M, Duan Y, Xie J, Wang C. Transcriptome profiling reveals key regulatory factors and metabolic pathways associated with curd formation and development in broccoli. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1418319. [PMID: 39070909 PMCID: PMC11273133 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1418319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Broccoli, a cruciferous vegetable, has a unique indeterminate inflorescence structure known as curds. It is the main edible organ of broccoli and has a rich nutritional value and health benefits. However, the formation and development mechanism of the curd is still not well understood. In the present study, the shoot apical meristem (SAM) stage and three different development stages of curd (formation stage (FS), expansion stage (ES), and maturation stage (MS)) were identified and subjected to transcriptome sequencing to uncover the potential genes and regulatory networks involved in curd formation and development. The results indicated that the genes associated with the development of SAM such as BolAP1A, BolAP1C, BolCAL, and BolAGL6 play an important role in the abnormal differentiation of the curd apical buds. The genes, BolFRI, BolbHLH89, BolKAN4, BolAGL12, and BolAGL24, displayed significantly differential expression patterns in curd development may function in the regulation of the transition from inflorescence meristem (IM) to floral meristem (FM). Moreover, gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) indicate that phytohormones, such as auxin (AUX), gibberellins (GA), and abscisic acid (ABA) also play an important role in SAM proliferation and the transition from SAM to IM. In addition, the genes regulating photosynthetic reaction (BolLHCA1, BolLHCB1, BolPsbO, etc.) have a key involvement in the differentiation of secondary IMs during curd expansion. The genes associated with the metabolism of starch and sucrose (e.g., BolSPS4, BolBAM4) were significantly upregulated at the MS should contribute to the maturation of the curd. These findings provide new insights into the potential key regulatory factors and metabolic pathways involved in the formation and development of broccoli curds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinxia Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ce Liu
- Cucumber Research Institute, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengyao Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuxuan Duan
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingjing Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunguo Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ramos-Pulido J, de Folter S. Organogenic events during gynoecium and fruit development in Arabidopsis. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 75:102440. [PMID: 37633079 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Angiosperms are the most successful group of land plants. This success is mainly due to the gynoecium, the innermost whorl of the flower. In Arabidopsis, the gynoecium is a syncarpic structure formed by two congenitally fused carpels. At the fusion edges of the carpels, the carpel margin meristem forms. This quasi-meristem is important for medial-tissue development, including the ovules. After the double fertilization, both the seeds and fruit begin to develop. Due to the importance of seeds and fruits as major food sources worldwide, it has been an important task for the scientific community to study gynoecium development. In this review, we present the most recent advances in Arabidopsis gynoecium patterning, as well as some questions that remain unanswered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ramos-Pulido
- Unidad de Genómica Avanzada (UGA-LANGEBIO), Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Irapuato CP 36824, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Stefan de Folter
- Unidad de Genómica Avanzada (UGA-LANGEBIO), Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Irapuato CP 36824, Guanajuato, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pelayo MA, Morishita F, Sawada H, Matsushita K, Iimura H, He Z, Looi LS, Katagiri N, Nagamori A, Suzuki T, Širl M, Soukup A, Satake A, Ito T, Yamaguchi N. AGAMOUS regulates various target genes via cell cycle-coupled H3K27me3 dilution in floral meristems and stamens. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:2821-2847. [PMID: 37144857 PMCID: PMC10396370 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The MADS domain transcription factor AGAMOUS (AG) regulates floral meristem termination by preventing maintenance of the histone modification lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27me3) along the KNUCKLES (KNU) coding sequence. At 2 d after AG binding, cell division has diluted the repressive mark H3K27me3, allowing activation of KNU transcription prior to floral meristem termination. However, how many other downstream genes are temporally regulated by this intrinsic epigenetic timer and what their functions are remain unknown. Here, we identify direct AG targets regulated through cell cycle-coupled H3K27me3 dilution in Arabidopsis thaliana. Expression of the targets KNU, AT HOOK MOTIF NUCLEAR LOCALIZED PROTEIN18 (AHL18), and PLATZ10 occurred later in plants with longer H3K27me3-marked regions. We established a mathematical model to predict timing of gene expression and manipulated temporal gene expression using the H3K27me3-marked del region from the KNU coding sequence. Increasing the number of del copies delayed and reduced KNU expression in a polycomb repressive complex 2- and cell cycle-dependent manner. Furthermore, AHL18 was specifically expressed in stamens and caused developmental defects when misexpressed. Finally, AHL18 bound to genes important for stamen growth. Our results suggest that AG controls the timing of expression of various target genes via cell cycle-coupled dilution of H3K27me3 for proper floral meristem termination and stamen development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Anne Pelayo
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Fumi Morishita
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Haruka Sawada
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Kasumi Matsushita
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Hideaki Iimura
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Zemiao He
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore
| | - Liang Sheng Looi
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore
| | - Naoya Katagiri
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Asumi Nagamori
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Takamasa Suzuki
- Department of Biological Chemistry, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
| | - Marek Širl
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague 12844, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Soukup
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague 12844, Czech Republic
| | - Akiko Satake
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Nishi-ku 819-0395, Japan
| | - Toshiro Ito
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore
| | - Nobutoshi Yamaguchi
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen J, Zhang S, Li B, Zhuo C, Hu K, Wen J, Yi B, Ma C, Shen J, Fu T, Tu J. Fine mapping of BnDM1-the gene regulating indeterminate inflorescence in Brassica napus. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:151. [PMID: 37302112 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04384-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE A candidate gene Bndm1 related to determinate inflorescence was mapped to a 128-kb interval on C02 in Brassica napus. Brassica napus plants with determinate inflorescence exhibit improved traits in field production, such as lower plant height, improved lodging resistance, and consistent maturity. Compared to plants with indeterminate inflorescence, such features are favorable for mechanized harvesting techniques. Here, using a natural mutant 6138 with determinate inflorescence, it is demonstrated that determinate inflorescence reduces plant height significantly without affecting thousand-grain weight and yield per plant. Determinacy was regulated by a single recessive gene, Bndm1. Using a combination of SNP arrays and map-based cloning, we mapped the locus of determinacy to a 128-kb region on C02. Based on sequence comparisons and the reported functions of candidate genes in this region, we predicted BnaC02.knu (a homolog of KNU in Arabidopsis) as a possible candidate gene of Bndm1 for controlling determinate inflorescence. We found a 623-bp deletion in a region upstream of the KNU promoter in the mutant. This deletion led to the significant overexpression of BnaC02.knu in the mutant compared to that in the ZS11 line. The correlation between this deletion and determinate inflorescence was examined in natural populations. The results indicated that the deletion affected the normal transcription of BnaC02.knu in the plants with determinate inflorescence and played an important role in maintaining flower development. This study presents as a new material for optimizing plant architecture and breeding novel canola varieties suitable for mechanized production. Moreover, our findings provide a theoretical basis for analyzing the molecular mechanisms underlying the formation of determinate inflorescence in B. napus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Sihao Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Bao Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chenjian Zhuo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Kaining Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jing Wen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Bin Yi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chaozhi Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jinxiong Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Tingdong Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jinxing Tu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang Q, Yuan C, Cong T, Zhang Q. The Secrets of Meristems Initiation: Axillary Meristem Initiation and Floral Meristem Initiation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091879. [PMID: 37176937 PMCID: PMC10181267 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The branching phenotype is an extremely important agronomic trait of plants, especially for horticultural crops. It is not only an important yield character of fruit trees, but also an exquisite ornamental trait of landscape trees and flowers. The branching characteristics of plants are determined by the periodic initiation and later development of meristems, especially the axillary meristem (AM) in the vegetative stage and the floral meristem (FM) in the reproductive stage, which jointly determine the above-ground plant architecture. The regulation of meristem initiation has made great progress in model plants in recent years. Meristem initiation is comprehensively regulated by a complex regulatory network composed of plant hormones and transcription factors. However, as it is an important trait, studies on meristem initiation in horticultural plants are very limited, and the mechanism of meristem initiation regulation in horticultural plants is largely unknown. This review summarizes recent research advances in axillary meristem regulation and mainly reviews the regulatory networks and mechanisms of AM and FM initiation regulated by transcription factors and hormones. Finally, considering the existing problems in meristem initiation studies and the need for branching trait improvement in horticulture plants, we prospect future studies to accelerate the genetic improvement of the branching trait in horticulture plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing 100083, China
- Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Cunquan Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing 100083, China
- Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tianci Cong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing 100083, China
- Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qixiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing 100083, China
- Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Flowering plants produce flowers and one of the most complex floral structures is the pistil or the gynoecium. All the floral organs differentiate from the floral meristem. Various reviews exist on molecular mechanisms controlling reproductive development, but most focus on a short time window and there has been no recent review on the complete developmental time frame of gynoecium and fruit formation. Here, we highlight recent discoveries, including the players, interactions and mechanisms that govern gynoecium and fruit development in Arabidopsis. We also present the currently known gene regulatory networks from gynoecium initiation until fruit maturation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Humberto Herrera-Ubaldo
- Unidad de Genómica Avanzada (UGA-Langebio), Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Km. 9.6 Libramiento Norte, Carretera Irapuato-León, Irapuato 36824, Guanajuato, México
| | - Stefan de Folter
- Unidad de Genómica Avanzada (UGA-Langebio), Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Km. 9.6 Libramiento Norte, Carretera Irapuato-León, Irapuato 36824, Guanajuato, México
| |
Collapse
|