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Ndayambaza B, Si J, Deng Y, Jia B, He X, Zhou D, Wang C, Zhu X, Liu Z, Qin J, Wang B, Bai X. The Euphrates Poplar Responses to Abiotic Stress and Its Unique Traits in Dry Regions of China (Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia): What Should We Know? Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2213. [PMID: 38137039 PMCID: PMC10743205 DOI: 10.3390/genes14122213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
At the moment, drought, salinity, and low-temperature stress are ubiquitous environmental issues. In arid regions including Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia and other areas worldwide, the area of tree plantations appears to be rising, triggering tree growth. Water is a vital resource in the agricultural systems of countries impacted by aridity and salinity. Worldwide efforts to reduce quantitative yield losses on Populus euphratica by adapting tree plant production to unfavorable environmental conditions have been made in response to the responsiveness of the increasing control of water stress. Although there has been much advancement in identifying the genes that resist abiotic stresses, little is known about how plants such as P. euphratica deal with numerous abiotic stresses. P. euphratica is a varied riparian plant that can tolerate drought, salinity, low temperatures, and climate change, and has a variety of water stress adaptability abilities. To conduct this review, we gathered all available information throughout the Web of Science, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and the National Center for Biotechnology Information on the impact of abiotic stress on the molecular mechanism and evolution of gene families at the transcription level. The data demonstrated that P. euphratica might gradually adapt its stomatal aperture, photosynthesis, antioxidant activities, xylem architecture, and hydraulic conductivity to endure extreme drought and salt stress. Our analyses will give readers an understanding of how to manage a gene family in desert trees and the influence of abiotic stresses on the productivity of tree plants. They will also give readers the knowledge necessary to improve biotechnology-based tree plant stress tolerance for sustaining yield and quality trees in China's arid regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boniface Ndayambaza
- Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (B.N.); (B.J.); (X.H.); (D.Z.); (C.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.Q.); (B.W.); (X.B.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianhua Si
- Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (B.N.); (B.J.); (X.H.); (D.Z.); (C.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.Q.); (B.W.); (X.B.)
| | - Yanfang Deng
- Qilian Mountain National Park Qinghai Provincial Administration, Xining 810000, China;
| | - Bing Jia
- Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (B.N.); (B.J.); (X.H.); (D.Z.); (C.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.Q.); (B.W.); (X.B.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaohui He
- Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (B.N.); (B.J.); (X.H.); (D.Z.); (C.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.Q.); (B.W.); (X.B.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Faculty of Resources and Environment, Baotou Teachers’ College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014030, China
| | - Dongmeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (B.N.); (B.J.); (X.H.); (D.Z.); (C.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.Q.); (B.W.); (X.B.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunlin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (B.N.); (B.J.); (X.H.); (D.Z.); (C.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.Q.); (B.W.); (X.B.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinglin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (B.N.); (B.J.); (X.H.); (D.Z.); (C.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.Q.); (B.W.); (X.B.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zijin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (B.N.); (B.J.); (X.H.); (D.Z.); (C.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.Q.); (B.W.); (X.B.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Qin
- Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (B.N.); (B.J.); (X.H.); (D.Z.); (C.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.Q.); (B.W.); (X.B.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Boyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (B.N.); (B.J.); (X.H.); (D.Z.); (C.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.Q.); (B.W.); (X.B.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (B.N.); (B.J.); (X.H.); (D.Z.); (C.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.Q.); (B.W.); (X.B.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Li J, Zhang C, Mipam TD, Zhou Q, Chen S. Effects of Climatic Change on Phylogeography and Ecological Niche of the Endemic Herb Elymus breviaristatus on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3326. [PMID: 37765492 PMCID: PMC10535585 DOI: 10.3390/plants12183326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Past climatic and topographic variations have created strong biogeographic barriers for alpine species and are key drivers of the distribution of genetic variation and population dynamics of species on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). Therefore, to better conserve and use germplasm resources, it is crucial to understand the distribution and differentiation of genetic variation within species. Elymus breviaristatus, an ecologically important rare grass species with strong resistance, is restricted to a limited area of the QTP. In this study, we investigated the phylogeography of E. breviaristatus using five chloroplast genes and spacer regions in natural populations distributed along the eastern QTP. We identified a total of 25 haplotypes among 216 individuals from 18 E. breviaristatus populations, which were further classified into four haplogroups based on geographical distribution and haplotype network analysis. Notably, we did not observe any signs of population expansion. High genetic diversity was exhibited at both species and population levels, with precipitation being the main limiting factor for population genetic diversity levels. Higher genetic diversity was exhibited by populations located near the Mekong-Salween Divide genetic barrier, suggesting that they may have served as a glacial refuge. The significant pattern of genetic differentiation by environmental isolation highlights the influence of heterogeneous environments on the genetic structure of E. breviaristatus populations. Additionally, the results of ecological niche models indicated that the geographic distribution of E. breviaristatus populations has decreased rapidly since the Last Glacial Maximum but is not threatened by future global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | | | - Tserang Donko Mipam
- Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qingping Zhou
- Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shiyong Chen
- Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
- College of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
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He L, Luo J, Niu S, Bai D, Chen Y. Population structure analysis to explore genetic diversity and geographical distribution characteristics of wild tea plant in Guizhou Plateau. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:255. [PMID: 37189087 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04239-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tea, the second largest consumer beverage in the world after water, is widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical areas. However, the effect of environmental factors on the distribution of wild tea plants is unclear. RESULTS A total of 159 wild tea plants were collected from different altitudes and geological types of the Guizhou Plateau. Using the genotyping-by-sequencing method, 98,241 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified. Genetic diversity, population structure analysis, principal component analysis, phylogenetic analysis, and linkage disequilibrium were performed. The genetic diversity of the wild tea plant population from the Silicate Rock Classes of Camellia gymnogyna was higher than that from the Carbonate Rock Classes of Camellia tachangensis. In addition, the genetic diversity of wild tea plants from the second altitude gradient was significantly higher than that of wild tea plants from the third and first altitude gradients. Two inferred pure groups (GP01 and GP02) and one inferred admixture group (GP03) were identified by population structure analysis and were verified by principal component and phylogenetic analyses. The highest differentiation coefficients were determined for GP01 vs. GP02, while the lowest differentiation coefficients were determined for GP01 vs. GP03. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed the genetic diversity and geographical distribution characteristics of wild tea plants in the Guizhou Plateau. There are significant differences in genetic diversity and evolutionary direction between Camellia tachangensis with Carbonate Rock Classes at the first altitude gradient and Camellia gymnogyna with Silicate Rock Classes at the third altitude gradient. Geological environment, soil mineral element content, soil pH, and altitude markedly contributed to the genetic differentiation between Camellia tachangensis and Camellia gymnogyna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin He
- College of Tea Science / Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Luo
- College of Tea Science / Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Suzhen Niu
- College of Tea Science / Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550025, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region, Guizhou University, Ministry of Education, Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dingchen Bai
- College of Tea Science / Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjun Chen
- College of Tea Science / Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550025, People's Republic of China
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Yusup A, Halik Ü, Abliz A, Aishan T, Keyimu M, Wei J. Population Structure and Spatial Distribution Pattern of Populus euphratica Riparian Forest Under Environmental Heterogeneity Along the Tarim River, Northwest China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:844819. [PMID: 35783956 PMCID: PMC9244701 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.844819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Populus euphratica Oliv. (Euphrates poplar), as the dominant tree species of desert riparian forests along the Central Asian inland rivers, plays a critical role in protecting arid land ecosystems. In recent decades, climate change and excessive water resources utilization activities have led to the environmental degradation of desert riparian forests along the Tarim River in northwest China. Understanding the forest stand structure and spatial distribution pattern provide important guidance for monitoring forest dynamics in support of sustainable management. However, few studies have examined how riparian forests stand attributes differ in response to environmental heterogeneity. In this study, terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) was applied to acquire a total of 1648 individual P. euphratica tree's 3D structure attributes within 18 plots along the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Tarim River, which included tree height (TH), diameter at breast height (DBH), crown diameter (CD), crown projection area (CPA), stand density index (SDI), age structure ratios, and spatial pattern. The results showed that the average tree segmentation and structure determination accuracies of TLS were 93.2 and 94.6%. From the upper to the lower reaches, the average TH and CD decreased by 3.8 and 0.3 m, while the DBH increased by 4.2 cm. The SDI and CPA exhibited the following order: upper reaches (454 n ha-1, 82.3%) > middle reaches (382 n ha-1, 67.3%) > lower reaches (263 n ha-1, 39.1%), the differences were significant at 0.05 level. The population age structure changed from growing population in the upper reaches to stable population in the middle and a temporarily stable population in the lower reaches. The pair correlation g(r) function determined random distribution pattern in the upper reaches [g(r) = 1.2], an aggregated pattern in the middle [g(r) = 3.1], and lower reaches [g(r) = 9.7]. The decline in groundwater depth and soil moisture increased aggregated distribution pattern (R = 0.67 and 0.56, P < 0.05) of the P. euphratica along the mainstream of Tarim River. The results enrich our understanding of the current development stage of P. euphratica, which is important for optimizing management strategies and realizing the sustainability of floodplain ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asadilla Yusup
- College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Ümüt Halik
- College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Ürümqi, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Abdulla Abliz
- College of Tourism, Xinjiang University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Tayierjiang Aishan
- College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Ürümqi, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Maierdang Keyimu
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ürümqi, China
| | - Jianxin Wei
- Xinjiang Laser Radar Engineering Technology Center, Ürümqi, China
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Huo B, Liu X, Chen S, Liu J, Zhou Q, Shen J, Li D, Tang R, Chen J, Zhou X. Population Structure, Genetic Diversity and Differentiation of Triplophysa tenuis in Xinjiang Tarim River. Front Genet 2022; 13:860678. [PMID: 35309126 PMCID: PMC8927061 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.860678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Triplophysa tenuis is an important indigenous fish in the Xinjiang Tarim River. In this study, we collected 120 T. tenuis individuals from 8 T. tenuis populations in the Tarim River. Through genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS), a total of 582,678,756 clean reads were generated for all the genotypes, and after quality filtering, 595,379 SNPs were obtained for the population genetic analyses. Multiple genetic parameters showed that the 8 T. tenuis populations had high genetic diversity. Phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that all T. tenuis individuals were divided into five branches, the individuals from the north of Tarim River were grouped into cluster 1 (SF and WS) and cluster 3 (DWQ, TKX, and KZE), while the AETS, WLWT and LF individuals from the south of Tarim River were clustered into cluster 2. The result was consistent with the admixture analysis, which supported that the 8 T. tenuis populations were clustered into three subgroups. Furthermore, the pairwise FST values and genetic distance indicated that there was a large genetic differentiation between WS and other T. tenuis populations. Collectively, this study provides valuable genome-wide data for the conservation of natural T. tenuis populations in the Tarim River.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Huo
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengao Chen
- College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Jieya Liu
- College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Qiong Zhou
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dapeng Li
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Tang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Chen, ; Xiaoyun Zhou,
| | - Xiaoyun Zhou
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Chen, ; Xiaoyun Zhou,
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Qi H, Sun X, Yan W, Ye H, Chen J, Yu J, Jun D, Wang C, Xia T, Chen X, Li D, Zheng D. Genetic relationships and low diversity among the tea-oil Camellia species in Sect . Oleifera, a bulk woody oil crop in China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 13:996731. [PMID: 36247558 PMCID: PMC9563498 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.996731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Tea-oil Camellia is one of the four woody oil crops in the world and has high ecological, economic and medicinal values. However, there are great differences in the classification and merging of tea-oil Camellia Sect. Oleifera species, which brings difficulties to the innovative utilization and production of tea-oil Camellia resources. Here, ISSR, SRAP and chloroplast sequence markers were analyzed in 18 populations of tea-oil Camellia Sect. Oleifera species to explore their phylogenetic relationships and genetic diversity. The results showed that their genetic diversity were low, with mean H and π values of 0.16 and 0.00140, respectively. There was high among-population genetic differentiation, with ISSR and SRAP markers showing an Fst of 0.38 and a high Nm of 1.77 and cpDNA markers showing an Fst of 0.65 and a low Nm of 0.27. The C. gauchowensis, C. vietnamensis and Hainan Island populations formed a single group, showing the closest relationships, and supported being the same species for them with the unifying name C. drupifera and classifying the resources on Hainan Island as C. drupifera. The tea-oil Camellia resources of Hainan Island should be classified as a special ecological type or variety of C. drupifera. However, cpDNA marker-based STRUCTURE analysis showed that the genetic components of the C. osmantha population formed an independent, homozygous cluster; hence, C. osmantha should be a new species in Sect. Oleifera. The C. oleifera var. monosperma and C. oleifera populations clustered into two distinct clades, and the C. oleifera var. monosperma populations formed an independent cluster, accounting for more than 99.00% of its genetic composition; however, the C. oleifera populations contained multiple different cluster components, indicating that C. oleifera var. monosperma significantly differs from C. oleifera and should be considered the independent species C. meiocarpa. Haplotype analysis revealed no rapid expansion in the tested populations, and the haplotypes of C. oleifera, C. meiocarpa and C. osmantha evolved from those of C. drupifera. Our results support the phylogenetic classification of Camellia subgenera, which is highly significant for breeding and production in tea-oil Camellia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huasha Qi
- Hainan, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya Institute, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropic Special Economic Plant Innovation and Utilization, National Germplasm Resource Chengmai Observation and Experiment Station, Institute of Tropical Horticulture Research, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Xiuxiu Sun
- Hainan, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya Institute, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropic Special Economic Plant Innovation and Utilization, National Germplasm Resource Chengmai Observation and Experiment Station, Institute of Tropical Horticulture Research, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Wuping Yan
- Hainan, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya Institute, Sanya, China
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hang Ye
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Non-Wood Forest Cultivation and Utilization, Improved Variety and Cultivation Engineering Research Center of Oil-Tea Camellia in Guangxi, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Jiali Chen
- Hainan, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya Institute, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropic Special Economic Plant Innovation and Utilization, National Germplasm Resource Chengmai Observation and Experiment Station, Institute of Tropical Horticulture Research, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Jing Yu
- College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Dai Jun
- Qionghai Tropical Crop Service Center, Qionghai, China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- Hainan, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya Institute, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropic Special Economic Plant Innovation and Utilization, National Germplasm Resource Chengmai Observation and Experiment Station, Institute of Tropical Horticulture Research, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Tengfei Xia
- Hainan, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya Institute, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropic Special Economic Plant Innovation and Utilization, National Germplasm Resource Chengmai Observation and Experiment Station, Institute of Tropical Horticulture Research, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Hainan, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya Institute, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropic Special Economic Plant Innovation and Utilization, National Germplasm Resource Chengmai Observation and Experiment Station, Institute of Tropical Horticulture Research, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Dongliang Li
- Hainan, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya Institute, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropic Special Economic Plant Innovation and Utilization, National Germplasm Resource Chengmai Observation and Experiment Station, Institute of Tropical Horticulture Research, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Daojun Zheng
- Hainan, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya Institute, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropic Special Economic Plant Innovation and Utilization, National Germplasm Resource Chengmai Observation and Experiment Station, Institute of Tropical Horticulture Research, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
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