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Padilla-Padilla EA, De la Rosa C, Aragón W, Ávila-Sandoval AK, Torres M, Dorantes-Acosta AE, Arteaga-Vázquez MA, Formey D, Serrano M. Identification of Arabidopsis thaliana small RNAs responsive to the fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea at an early stage of interaction. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304790. [PMID: 38875250 PMCID: PMC11178217 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
In plants, small RNAs (sRNAs), mainly microRNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), have been described as key regulators of plant development, growth, and abiotic and biotic responses. Despite reports indicating the involvement of certain sRNAs in regulating the interaction between Botrytis cinerea (a major necrotrophic fungal phytopathogen) and host plants, there remains a lack of analysis regarding the potential regulatory roles of plant sRNAs during early stages of the interaction despite early immune responses observed then during infection. We present the first transcriptome-wide analysis of small RNA expression on the early interaction between the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea and the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. We found that evolutionary conserved A. thaliana miRNAs were the sRNAs that accumulated the most in the presence of B. cinerea. The upregulation of miR167, miR159 and miR319 was of particular interest because these, together with their target transcripts, are involved in the fine regulation of the plant hormone signaling pathways. We also describe that miR173, which triggers the production of secondary siRNAs from TAS1 and TAS2 loci, as well as secondary siRNAs derived from these loci, is upregulated in response to B. cinerea. Thus, at an early stage of the interaction there are transcriptional changes of sRNA-guided silencing pathway genes and of a subset of sRNAs that targeted genes from the PPR gene superfamily, and these may be important mechanisms regulating the interaction between A. thaliana and B. cinerea. This work provides the basis for a better understanding of the regulation mediated by sRNAs during early B. cinerea-plant interaction and may help in the development of more effective strategies for its control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emir Alejandro Padilla-Padilla
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Unidad de Posgrado, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México
| | - Carlos De la Rosa
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Wendy Aragón
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
- Instituto de Biociencias, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Chiapas, México
| | - Ana Karen Ávila-Sandoval
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Martha Torres
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Ana Elena Dorantes-Acosta
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Ecología Aplicada (INBIOTECA), Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Mario A Arteaga-Vázquez
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Ecología Aplicada (INBIOTECA), Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Damien Formey
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Mario Serrano
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
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Romero-Contreras YJ, Gonzalez-Serrano F, Formey D, Aragón W, Chacón FI, Torres M, Cevallos MÁ, Dib JR, Rebollar EA, Serrano M. Amphibian skin bacteria display antifungal activity and induce plant defense mechanisms against Botrytis cinerea. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1392637. [PMID: 38654899 PMCID: PMC11035788 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1392637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Botrytis cinerea is the causal agent of gray mold, which affects a wide variety of plant species. Chemical agents have been used to prevent the disease caused by this pathogenic fungus. However, their toxicity and reduced efficacy have encouraged the development of new biological control alternatives. Recent studies have shown that bacteria isolated from amphibian skin display antifungal activity against plant pathogens. However, the mechanisms by which these bacteria act to reduce the effects of B. cinerea are still unclear. From a diverse collection of amphibian skin bacteria, three proved effective in inhibiting the development of B. cinerea under in vitro conditions. Additionally, the individual application of each bacterium on the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, Solanum lycopersicum and post-harvest blueberries significantly reduced the disease caused by B. cinerea. To understand the effect of bacteria on the host plant, we analyzed the transcriptomic profile of A. thaliana in the presence of the bacterium C32I and the fungus B. cinerea, revealing transcriptional regulation of defense-related hormonal pathways. Our study shows that bacteria from the amphibian skin can counteract the activity of B. cinerea by regulating the plant transcriptional responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yordan J. Romero-Contreras
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Francisco Gonzalez-Serrano
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Damien Formey
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Wendy Aragón
- Instituto de Biociencias, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Florencia Isabel Chacón
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIM) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Martha Torres
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Miguel Ángel Cevallos
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Julian Rafael Dib
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIM) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Tucumán, Argentina
- Instituto de Microbiología, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Eria A. Rebollar
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Mario Serrano
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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Ciceoi R, Asanica A, Luchian V, Iordachescu M. Genomic Analysis of Romanian Lycium Genotypes: Exploring BODYGUARD Genes for Stress Resistance Breeding. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2130. [PMID: 38396806 PMCID: PMC10889844 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Goji berries, long valued in Traditional Chinese Medicine and Asian cuisine for their wide range of medicinal benefits, are now considered a 'superfruit' and functional food worldwide. Because of growing demand, Europe and North America are increasing their goji berry production, using goji berry varieties that are not originally from these regions. European breeding programs are focusing on producing Lycium varieties adapted to local conditions and market demands. By 2023, seven varieties of goji berries were successfully registered in Romania, developed using germplasm that originated from sources outside the country. A broader project focused on goji berry breeding was initiated in 2014 at USAMV Bucharest. In the present research, five cultivated and three wild L. barbarum genotypes were compared to analyse genetic variation at the whole genome level. In addition, a case study presents the differences in the genomic coding sequences of BODYGUARD (BDG) 3 and 4 genes from chromosomes 4, 8, and 9, which are involved in cuticle-related resistance. All three BDG genes show distinctive differences between the cultivated and wild-type genotypes at the SNP level. In the BDG 4 gene located on chromosome 8, 69% of SNPs differentiate the wild from the cultivated genotypes, while in BDG 3 on chromosome 4, 64% of SNPs could tell the difference between the wild and cultivated goji berry. The research also uncovered significant SNP and InDel differences between cultivated and wild genotypes, in the entire genome, providing crucial insights for goji berry breeders to support the development of goji berry cultivation in Romania.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Ciceoi
- Research Center for Studies of Food Quality and Agricultural Products, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 59, Mărăști Bd., 011464 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Adrian Asanica
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 59, Mărăști Bd., 011464 Bucharest, Romania; (A.A.); (V.L.)
| | - Vasilica Luchian
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 59, Mărăști Bd., 011464 Bucharest, Romania; (A.A.); (V.L.)
| | - Mihaela Iordachescu
- Research Center for Studies of Food Quality and Agricultural Products, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 59, Mărăști Bd., 011464 Bucharest, Romania;
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García-Soto I, Formey D, Mora-Toledo A, Cárdenas L, Aragón W, Tromas A, Duque-Ortiz A, Jiménez-Bremont JF, Serrano M. AtRAC7/ROP9 Small GTPase Regulates A. thaliana Immune Systems in Response to B. cinerea Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:591. [PMID: 38203762 PMCID: PMC10779071 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic fungus that can cause gray mold in over 1400 plant species. Once it is detected by Arabidopsis thaliana, several defense responses are activated against this fungus. The proper activation of these defenses determines plant susceptibility or resistance. It has been proposed that the RAC/ROP small GTPases might serve as a molecular link in this process. In this study, we investigate the potential role of the Arabidopsis RAC7 gene during infection with B. cinerea. For that, we evaluated A. thaliana RAC7-OX lines, characterized by the overexpression of the RAC7 gene. Our results reveal that these RAC7-OX lines displayed increased susceptibility to B. cinerea infection, with enhanced fungal colonization and earlier lesion development. Additionally, they exhibited heightened sensitivity to bacterial infections caused by Pseudomonas syringae and Pectobacterium brasiliense. By characterizing plant canonical defense mechanisms and performing transcriptomic profiling, we determined that RAC7-OX lines impaired the plant transcriptomic response before and during B. cinerea infection. Global pathway analysis of differentially expressed genes suggested that RAC7 influences pathogen perception, cell wall homeostasis, signal transduction, and biosynthesis and response to hormones and antimicrobial compounds through actin filament modulation. Herein, we pointed out, for first time, the negative role of RAC7 small GTPase during A. thaliana-B. cinerea interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivette García-Soto
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico; (D.F.); (A.M.-T.)
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Damien Formey
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico; (D.F.); (A.M.-T.)
| | - Angélica Mora-Toledo
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico; (D.F.); (A.M.-T.)
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacan 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Luis Cárdenas
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico;
| | - Wendy Aragón
- Instituto de Biociencias, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Blvd. Príncipe Akishino s/n, Tapachula 30798, Chiapas, Mexico;
| | - Alexandre Tromas
- La Cité College, Bureau de la Recherche et de l’Innovation, Ottawa, ON K1K 4R3, Canada;
| | - Arianna Duque-Ortiz
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (IPICYT), San Luis Potosí 78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico; (A.D.-O.); (J.F.J.-B.)
| | - Juan Francisco Jiménez-Bremont
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (IPICYT), San Luis Potosí 78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico; (A.D.-O.); (J.F.J.-B.)
| | - Mario Serrano
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico; (D.F.); (A.M.-T.)
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Nguyen NN, Lamotte O, Alsulaiman M, Ruffel S, Krouk G, Berger N, Demolombe V, Nespoulous C, Dang TMN, Aimé S, Berthomieu P, Dubos C, Wendehenne D, Vile D, Gosti F. Reduction in PLANT DEFENSIN 1 expression in Arabidopsis thaliana results in increased resistance to pathogens and zinc toxicity. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:5374-5393. [PMID: 37326591 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ectopic expression of defensins in plants correlates with their increased capacity to withstand abiotic and biotic stresses. This applies to Arabidopsis thaliana, where some of the seven members of the PLANT DEFENSIN 1 family (AtPDF1) are recognised to improve plant responses to necrotrophic pathogens and increase seedling tolerance to excess zinc (Zn). However, few studies have explored the effects of decreased endogenous defensin expression on these stress responses. Here, we carried out an extensive physiological and biochemical comparative characterization of (i) novel artificial microRNA (amiRNA) lines silenced for the five most similar AtPDF1s, and (ii) a double null mutant for the two most distant AtPDF1s. Silencing of five AtPDF1 genes was specifically associated with increased aboveground dry mass production in mature plants under excess Zn conditions, and with increased plant tolerance to different pathogens - a fungus, an oomycete and a bacterium, while the double mutant behaved similarly to the wild type. These unexpected results challenge the current paradigm describing the role of PDFs in plant stress responses. Additional roles of endogenous plant defensins are discussed, opening new perspectives for their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Nga Nguyen
- IPSiM, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Montpellier, 2, Place P. Viala, F-34 060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France
| | - Olivier Lamotte
- Agroécologie, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, F-21 000 Dijon, France
| | - Mohanad Alsulaiman
- IPSiM, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Montpellier, 2, Place P. Viala, F-34 060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France
| | - Sandrine Ruffel
- IPSiM, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Montpellier, 2, Place P. Viala, F-34 060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France
| | - Gabriel Krouk
- IPSiM, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Montpellier, 2, Place P. Viala, F-34 060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France
| | - Nathalie Berger
- IPSiM, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Montpellier, 2, Place P. Viala, F-34 060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France
| | - Vincent Demolombe
- IPSiM, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Montpellier, 2, Place P. Viala, F-34 060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France
| | - Claude Nespoulous
- IPSiM, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Montpellier, 2, Place P. Viala, F-34 060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France
| | - Thi Minh Nguyet Dang
- IPSiM, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Montpellier, 2, Place P. Viala, F-34 060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France
| | - Sébastien Aimé
- Agroécologie, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, F-21 000 Dijon, France
| | - Pierre Berthomieu
- IPSiM, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Montpellier, 2, Place P. Viala, F-34 060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France
| | - Christian Dubos
- IPSiM, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Montpellier, 2, Place P. Viala, F-34 060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France
| | - David Wendehenne
- Agroécologie, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, F-21 000 Dijon, France
| | - Denis Vile
- LEPSE, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Montpellier, 2 Place P. Viala, F-34 060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France
| | - Françoise Gosti
- IPSiM, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Montpellier, 2, Place P. Viala, F-34 060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France
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Mottola M, Bertolino MC, Kourdova LT, Valdivia Pérez JA, Bogino MF, Nocelli NE, Chaveriat L, Martin P, Vico RV, Fabro G, Fanani ML. Nanoemulsions of synthetic rhamnolipids act as plant resistance inducers without damaging plant tissues or affecting soil microbiota. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1195718. [PMID: 37674738 PMCID: PMC10478713 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1195718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Plant pathogens and pests can cause significant losses in crop yields, affecting food security and the global economy. Many traditional chemical pesticides are used to combat these organisms. This can lead to the development of pesticide-resistant strains of pathogens/insects and negatively impact the environment. The development of new bioprotectants, which are less harmful to the environment and less likely to lead to pesticide-resistance, appears as a sustainable strategy to increase plant immunity. Natural Rhamnolipids (RL-Nat) are a class of biosurfactants with bioprotectant properties that are produced by an opportunistic human pathogen bacterium. RL-Nat can act as plant resistance inducers against a wide variety of pathogens. Recently, a series of bioinspired synthetic mono-RLs produced by green chemistry were also reported as phytoprotectants. Here, we explored their capacity to generate novel colloidal systems that might be used to encapsulate bioactive hydrophobic compounds to enhance their performance as plant bioprotectants. The synthetic mono-RLs showed good surfactant properties and emulsification power providing stable nanoemulsions capable of acting as bio-carriers with good wettability. Synthetic RLs-stabilized nanoemulsions were more effective than RLs suspensions at inducing plant immunity, without causing deleterious effects. These nanoemulsions were innocuous to native substrate microbiota and beneficial soil-borne microbes, making them promising safe bio-carriers for crop protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milagro Mottola
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia Tierra del Fuego (CIT-TDF) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego (UNTDF), Rio Grande, Argentina
| | - María C. Bertolino
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-Química de Córdoba (INFIQC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Lucille Tihomirova Kourdova
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Jessica Aye Valdivia Pérez
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Florencia Bogino
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Natalia E. Nocelli
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ludovic Chaveriat
- Univ. Artois, UnilaSalle, Unité Transformations & Agroressources, Béthune, France
| | - Patrick Martin
- Univ. Artois, UnilaSalle, Unité Transformations & Agroressources, Béthune, France
| | - Raquel V. Vico
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-Química de Córdoba (INFIQC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Georgina Fabro
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Laura Fanani
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
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Cheng G, Ye C, Zhang J, Li H, Jiang Y, Duan X. Water permeability of different aerial tissues of carnations is related to cuticular wax composition. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13883. [PMID: 36840510 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cuticular wax protects aerial plant tissues against uncontrolled water loss. To compare the differences among tissues, cultivars, and postharvest stages, we characterized the surface morphology, water permeability, and chemical composition of cuticular wax on the leaf, calyx, and petals of two carnation cultivars ('Master' and 'Lady green') at two postharvest stages. Obvious differences in these characteristics were found among tissues but not among cultivars or postharvest stages. The leaf surface was relatively smooth, whereas convex cells were observed on the petals. The mean minimum conductance of leaves was significantly higher than that of the calyx, followed by that of petals. It ranged between 8.8 × 10-4 m s-1 for 'Lady green' leaves at Stage II and 3.6 × 10-5 m s-1 for 'Master' petals at Stage I. Petal wax contained high concentrations of n-alkanes, whereas primary alcohols dominated in leaf wax. The weighted average chain length (ACL) was higher in petal wax than in leaf wax; it ranged from 19.6 in 'Lady green' leaves to 24.14 in 'Lady green' petals at Stage I. In conclusion, carnation petals are characterized by numerous convex cells on both the adaxial and abaxial surfaces, and their main cuticular wax components, alkanes, have a higher ACL than leaf cuticular wax, which contributes to their higher water barrier property. The results provide further evidence for the association between cuticular chemical composition and the physiological function of the cuticle in blocking water transpiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiping Cheng
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changchun Ye
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiajun Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongmei Li
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yueming Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuewu Duan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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