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Ju Z, Liang L, Zheng Y, Shi H, Zhao W, Sun W, Pang Y. Full-Length Transcriptome Sequencing and RNA-Seq Analysis Offer Insights into Terpenoid Biosynthesis in Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:285. [PMID: 38540346 PMCID: PMC10970515 DOI: 10.3390/genes15030285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC., an important economic and medicinal herb, has a long history of being used as a traditional Chinese medicine. Its leaves have always been used as a raw material for the extraction of essential oils, comprising large amounts of terpenoids, which have good therapeutic effects on many diseases, such as eczema, bacterial infection, and hypertension. However, the genetic basis of terpenoid biosynthesis in this plant is virtually unknown on account of the lack of genomic data. Here, a combination of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and full-length transcriptome sequencing was applied to identify genes involved in terpenoid biosynthesis at five developmental stages. Then, the main components of essential oils in B. balsamifera were identified using GC-MS. Overall, 16 monoterpenoids and 20 sesquiterpenoids were identified and 333,860 CCS reads were generated, yielding 65,045 non-redundant transcripts. Among these highly accurate transcripts, 59,958 (92.18%) transcripts were successfully annotated using NR, eggNOG, Swissprot, KEGG, KOG, COG, Pfam, and GO databases. Finally, a total of 56 differently expressed genes (DEGs) involved in terpenoid biosynthesis were identified, including 38 terpenoid backbone genes and 18 TPSs, which provide a significant amount of genetic information for B. balsamifera. These results build a basis for resource protection, molecular breeding, and the metabolic engineering of this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Ju
- Pharmacy College, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China; (Z.J.); (L.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (W.Z.)
| | - Lin Liang
- Pharmacy College, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China; (Z.J.); (L.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (W.Z.)
| | - Yaqiang Zheng
- Pharmacy College, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China; (Z.J.); (L.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (W.Z.)
| | - Hongxi Shi
- Pharmacy College, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China; (Z.J.); (L.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wenxuan Zhao
- Pharmacy College, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China; (Z.J.); (L.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wei Sun
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Karst Mountain Area of Southwest of China, School of Life Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yuxin Pang
- Pharmacy College, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China; (Z.J.); (L.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (W.Z.)
- Yunfu Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Yunfu 527300, China
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Liu H, He W, Yao X, Yan X, Wang X, Peng B, Zhang Y, Shao J, Hu X, Miao Q, Li L, Tang K. The Light- and Jasmonic Acid-Induced AaMYB108-like Positive Regulates the Initiation of Glandular Secretory Trichome in Artemisia annua L. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12929. [PMID: 37629108 PMCID: PMC10455203 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The plant Artemisia annua L. is famous for producing "artemisinin", which is an essential component in the treatment of malaria. The glandular secretory trichomes (GSTs) on the leaves of A. annua secrete and store artemisinin. Previous research has demonstrated that raising GST density can effectively raise artemisinin content. However, the molecular mechanism of GST initiation is not fully understood yet. In this study, we identified an MYB transcription factor, the AaMYB108-like, which is co-induced by light and jasmonic acid, and positively regulates glandular secretory trichome initiation in A. annua. Overexpression of the AaMYB108-like gene in A. annua increased GST density and enhanced the artemisinin content, whereas anti-sense of the AaMYB108-like gene resulted in the reduction in GST density and artemisinin content. Further experiments demonstrated that the AaMYB108-like gene could form a complex with AaHD8 to promote the expression of downstream AaHD1, resulting in the initiation of GST. Taken together, the AaMYB108-like gene is a positive regulator induced by light and jasmonic acid for GST initiation in A. annua.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ling Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (H.L.)
| | - Kexuan Tang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (H.L.)
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MYC2: A Master Switch for Plant Physiological Processes and Specialized Metabolite Synthesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043511. [PMID: 36834921 PMCID: PMC9963318 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway plays important roles in plant defenses, development, and the synthesis of specialized metabolites synthesis. Transcription factor MYC2 is a major regulator of the JA signaling pathway and is involved in the regulation of plant physiological processes and specialized metabolite synthesis. Based on our understanding of the mechanism underlying the regulation of specialized metabolite synthesis in plants by the transcription factor MYC2, the use of synthetic biology approaches to design MYC2-driven chassis cells for the synthesis of specialized metabolites with high medicinal value, such as paclitaxel, vincristine, and artemisinin, seems to be a promising strategy. In this review, the regulatory role of MYC2 in JA signal transduction of plants to biotic and abiotic stresses, plant growth, development and specialized metabolite synthesis is described in detail, which will provide valuable reference for the use of MYC2 molecular switches to regulate plant specialized metabolite biosynthesis.
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Salehi H, Cheheregani Rad A, Raza A, Djalovic I, Prasad PVV. The comparative effects of manganese nanoparticles and their counterparts (bulk and ionic) in Artemisia annua plants via seed priming and foliar application. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1098772. [PMID: 36743542 PMCID: PMC9893273 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1098772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The world has experienced an unprecedented boom in nanotechnology. Nanoparticles (NPs) are likely to act as biostimulants in various plants due to having high surface/volume value. However, understanding the actual effect of NPs is essential to discriminate them from other counterparts in terms of being applicable, safe and cost-effective. This study aimed to assay the impact of manganese(III) oxide (Mn2O3)-NPs via seed-priming (SP) and a combination of SP and foliar application (SP+F) on Artemisia. annua performance at several times intervals and comparison with other available manganese (Mn) forms. Our findings indicate that SP with MnSO4 and Mn2O3-NPs stimulates the processes that occur prior to germination and thus reduces the time for radicle emergence. In both applications (i.e., SP and +F), none of the Mn treatments did show adverse phytotoxic on A. annua growth at morpho-physio and biochemical levels except for Mn2O3, which delayed germination and further plant growth, subsequently. Besides, from physio-biochemical data, it can be inferred that the general mechanism mode of action of Mn is mainly attributed to induce the photosynthetic processes, stimulate the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and up-regulation of proline and phenolic compounds. Therefore, our results showed that both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants could be influenced by the application of Mn treatments in a type-dependent manner. In general, this study revealed that Mn2O3-NPs at the tested condition could be used as biostimulants to improve germination, seedling development and further plant growth. However, they are not as effective as MnSO4 treatments. Nonetheless, these findings can be used to consider and develop Mn2O3-NPs priming in future studies to improve seed germination and seedling quality in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Salehi
- Laboratory of Plant Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | | | - Ali Raza
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ivica Djalovic
- Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - P. V. Vara Prasad
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
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Zuo ZF, Lee HY, Kang HG. Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors: Regulators for Plant Growth Development and Abiotic Stress Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021419. [PMID: 36674933 PMCID: PMC9867082 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors are involved in many physiological processes, and they play important roles in the abiotic stress responses. The literature related to genome sequences has increased, with genome-wide studies on the bHLH transcription factors in plants. Researchers have detailed the functionally characterized bHLH transcription factors from different aspects in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, such as iron homeostasis and abiotic stresses; however, other important economic crops, such as rice, have not been summarized and highlighted. The bHLH members in the same subfamily have similar functions; therefore, unraveling their regulatory mechanisms will help us to identify and understand the roles of some of the unknown bHLH transcription factors in the same subfamily. In this review, we summarize the available knowledge on functionally characterized bHLH transcription factors according to four categories: plant growth and development; metabolism synthesis; plant signaling, and abiotic stress responses. We also highlight the roles of the bHLH transcription factors in some economic crops, especially in rice, and discuss future research directions for possible genetic applications in crop breeding.
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Zhao L, Zhu Y, Jia H, Han Y, Zheng X, Wang M, Feng W. From Plant to Yeast-Advances in Biosynthesis of Artemisinin. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27206888. [PMID: 36296479 PMCID: PMC9609949 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Malaria is a life-threatening disease. Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is the preferred choice for malaria treatment recommended by the World Health Organization. At present, the main source of artemisinin is extracted from Artemisia annua; however, the artemisinin content in A. annua is only 0.1-1%, which cannot meet global demand. Meanwhile, the chemical synthesis of artemisinin has disadvantages such as complicated steps, high cost and low yield. Therefore, the application of the synthetic biology approach to produce artemisinin in vivo has magnificent prospects. In this review, the biosynthesis pathway of artemisinin was summarized. Then we discussed the advances in the heterologous biosynthesis of artemisinin using microorganisms (Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae) as chassis cells. With yeast as the cell factory, the production of artemisinin was transferred from plant to yeast. Through the optimization of the fermentation process, the yield of artemisinic acid reached 25 g/L, thereby producing the semi-synthesis of artemisinin. Moreover, we reviewed the genetic engineering in A. annua to improve the artemisinin content, which included overexpressing artemisinin biosynthesis pathway genes, blocking key genes in competitive pathways, and regulating the expression of transcription factors related to artemisinin biosynthesis. Finally, the research progress of artemisinin production in other plants (Nicotiana, Physcomitrella, etc.) was discussed. The current advances in artemisinin biosynthesis may help lay the foundation for the remarkable up-regulation of artemisinin production in A. annua through gene editing or molecular design breeding in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan and Education Ministry of P. R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yunhao Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan and Education Ministry of P. R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Haoyu Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yongguang Han
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiaoke Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan and Education Ministry of P. R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Min Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Correspondence: (M.W.); (W.F.); Tel.: +86-134-2629-2115 (M.W.); +86-371-60190296 (W.F.)
| | - Weisheng Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan and Education Ministry of P. R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Correspondence: (M.W.); (W.F.); Tel.: +86-134-2629-2115 (M.W.); +86-371-60190296 (W.F.)
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