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Wang Y, Zhang P, Luo Z, Huang C. Insights into the role of glycosyltransferase in the targeted treatment of gastric cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117194. [PMID: 39137647 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a remarkably heterogeneous tumor. Despite some advances in the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer in recent years, the precise treatment and curative outcomes remain unsatisfactory. Poor prognosis continues to pose a major challenge in gastric cancer. Therefore, it is imperative to identify effective targets to improve the treatment and prognosis of gastric cancer patients. It should be noted that glycosylation, a novel form of posttranslational modification, is a process capable of regulating protein function and influencing cellular activities. Currently, numerous studies have shown that glycosylation plays vital roles in the occurrence and progression of gastric cancer. As crucial enzymes that regulate glycan synthesis in glycosylation processes, glycosyltransferases are potential targets for treating GC. Hence, investigating the regulation of glycosyltransferases and the expression of associated proteins in gastric cancer cells is highly important. In this review, the related glycosyltransferases and their related signaling pathways in gastric cancer, as well as the existing inhibitors of glycosyltransferases, provide more possibilities for targeted therapies for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueling Wang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214028, China; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Pengshan Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Zai Luo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214028, China; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China.
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2
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Shimada N, Kameyama A, Watanabe M, Sahara T, Matsuzawa T. Identification and characterization of xyloglucan-degradation related α-1,2-l-fucosidase in Aspergillus oryzae. J Biosci Bioeng 2024:S1389-1723(24)00159-2. [PMID: 38871579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2024.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Xyloglucan in plant cell walls has complex side-chain structures; Aspergillus oryzae produces various enzymes to degrade and assimilate xyloglucan. In this study, we identified and characterized α-1,2-l-fucosidase (AfcA) which is involved in xyloglucan degradation in A. oryzae. AfcA expression was induced in the presence of xyloglucan oligosaccharides. AfcA showed specific activity toward α-(1→2)-linked l-fucopyranosyl residues attached to the side chains of xyloglucan oligosaccharides and milk oligosaccharides, but not toward α-(1→3)-, α-(1→4)-, and α-(1→6)-linked l-fucopyranosyl residues. As fucopyranosyl residues in the side chains of xyloglucan oligosaccharides prevent the degradation of xyloglucan oligosaccharides by isoprimeverose-producing oligoxyloglucan hydrolase and β-galactosidase, the cooperative action of AfcA, isoprimeverose-producing oligoxyloglucan hydrolase, and β-galactosidase play a key role in degrading fucosylated xyloglucan in A. oryzae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Shimada
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, 2393 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kameyama
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Masahiro Watanabe
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 3-11-32 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - Takehiko Sahara
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Matsuzawa
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, 2393 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan.
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Mitani C, Okajima M, Ohashira T, Ali MA, Taniike T, Kaneko T. Structural Analyses of Polysaccharides Extracted from Cyanobacterial Extracellular Gels and Oriented Liquid Crystalline Microfiber Processing by Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Assisted Electrospinning. Gels 2024; 10:321. [PMID: 38786237 PMCID: PMC11120778 DOI: 10.3390/gels10050321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Sacran is a supergiant cyanobacterial polysaccharide that forms mesogenic supercoil rods that exhibit liquid crystalline (LC) gels at deficient concentrations of around 0.5 wt%, and has several bioactive stimuli-responsive functions. Here, we attempted to form oriented microfibers of sacran by electrospinning, following structural analyses of the sacran rods. A heterogeneous acid-hydrolysis method using a protonated cation-exchange resin was adopted to examine the short-time exposition of concentrated acid to sacran rods. From the supernatant, the oligomeric fraction that was soluble in water and methanol was isolated. The oligomeric fraction had a main sugar ratio of α-Glc:β-Glc:α-Xyl:β-Xyl:α-Rha of 2:5:1.5:1.5:4 (Glc:Xyl:Rha = 7 (=4 + 3):3:4), and it was speculated that the sacran structure includes rhamnoglucan and xyloglucan (4:3), which are generally rigid enough to exhibit LC. To make oriented microfibers of LC sacran, solubility testing was performed on sacran to find good new solvents of polyhydroxy alcohols such as ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, and glycerol. The oriented film was prepared from a sacran aqueous solution where calcium compound particles deposited on the film are different from polyhydroxy alcohol solutions. Although sacran could not form microfibers by itself, polymer composite microfibers of sacran with poly(vinyl alcohol) were prepared by electrospinning. Cross-polarizing microscopy revealed the molecular orientation of the microfibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chizu Mitani
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, JAIST, Nomi 923-1292, Japan; (C.M.); (T.O.); (M.A.A.); (T.T.)
| | - Maiko Okajima
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, JAIST, Nomi 923-1292, Japan; (C.M.); (T.O.); (M.A.A.); (T.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Tomomi Ohashira
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, JAIST, Nomi 923-1292, Japan; (C.M.); (T.O.); (M.A.A.); (T.T.)
| | - Mohammad Asif Ali
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, JAIST, Nomi 923-1292, Japan; (C.M.); (T.O.); (M.A.A.); (T.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Toshiaki Taniike
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, JAIST, Nomi 923-1292, Japan; (C.M.); (T.O.); (M.A.A.); (T.T.)
| | - Tatsuo Kaneko
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, JAIST, Nomi 923-1292, Japan; (C.M.); (T.O.); (M.A.A.); (T.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Delmer D, Dixon RA, Keegstra K, Mohnen D. The plant cell wall-dynamic, strong, and adaptable-is a natural shapeshifter. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:1257-1311. [PMID: 38301734 PMCID: PMC11062476 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Mythology is replete with good and evil shapeshifters, who, by definition, display great adaptability and assume many different forms-with several even turning themselves into trees. Cell walls certainly fit this definition as they can undergo subtle or dramatic changes in structure, assume many shapes, and perform many functions. In this review, we cover the evolution of knowledge of the structures, biosynthesis, and functions of the 5 major cell wall polymer types that range from deceptively simple to fiendishly complex. Along the way, we recognize some of the colorful historical figures who shaped cell wall research over the past 100 years. The shapeshifter analogy emerges more clearly as we examine the evolving proposals for how cell walls are constructed to allow growth while remaining strong, the complex signaling involved in maintaining cell wall integrity and defense against disease, and the ways cell walls adapt as they progress from birth, through growth to maturation, and in the end, often function long after cell death. We predict the next century of progress will include deciphering cell type-specific wall polymers; regulation at all levels of polymer production, crosslinks, and architecture; and how walls respond to developmental and environmental signals to drive plant success in diverse environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Delmer
- Section of Plant Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Richard A Dixon
- BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Kenneth Keegstra
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA
| | - Debra Mohnen
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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Wilson LFL, Neun S, Yu L, Tryfona T, Stott K, Hollfelder F, Dupree P. The biosynthesis, degradation, and function of cell wall β-xylosylated xyloglucan mirrors that of arabinoxyloglucan. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 240:2353-2371. [PMID: 37823344 PMCID: PMC10952531 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Xyloglucan is an abundant polysaccharide in many primary cell walls and in the human diet. Decoration of its α-xylosyl sidechains with further sugars is critical for plant growth, even though the sugars themselves vary considerably between species. Plants in the Ericales order - prevalent in human diets - exhibit β1,2-linked xylosyl decorations. The biosynthetic enzymes responsible for adding these xylosyl decorations, as well as the hydrolases that remove them in the human gut, are unidentified. GT47 xyloglucan glycosyltransferase candidates were expressed in Arabidopsis and endo-xyloglucanase products from transgenic wall material were analysed by electrophoresis, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The activities of gut bacterial hydrolases BoGH43A and BoGH43B on synthetic glycosides and xyloglucan oligosaccharides were measured by colorimetry and electrophoresis. CcXBT1 is a xyloglucan β-xylosyltransferase from coffee that can modify Arabidopsis xyloglucan and restore the growth of galactosyltransferase mutants. Related VmXST1 is a weakly active xyloglucan α-arabinofuranosyltransferase from cranberry. BoGH43A hydrolyses both α-arabinofuranosylated and β-xylosylated oligosaccharides. CcXBT1's presence in coffee and BoGH43A's promiscuity suggest that β-xylosylated xyloglucan is not only more widespread than thought, but might also nourish beneficial gut bacteria. The evolutionary instability of transferase specificity and lack of hydrolase specificity hint that, to enzymes, xylosides and arabinofuranosides are closely resemblant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis F. L. Wilson
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of CambridgeHopkins Building, Tennis Court RoadCambridgeCB2 1QWUK
| | - Stefanie Neun
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of CambridgeSanger Building, Tennis Court RoadCambridgeCB2 1GAUK
| | - Li Yu
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of CambridgeHopkins Building, Tennis Court RoadCambridgeCB2 1QWUK
| | - Theodora Tryfona
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of CambridgeHopkins Building, Tennis Court RoadCambridgeCB2 1QWUK
| | - Katherine Stott
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of CambridgeSanger Building, Tennis Court RoadCambridgeCB2 1GAUK
| | - Florian Hollfelder
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of CambridgeSanger Building, Tennis Court RoadCambridgeCB2 1GAUK
| | - Paul Dupree
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of CambridgeHopkins Building, Tennis Court RoadCambridgeCB2 1QWUK
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6
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Immelmann R, Gawenda N, Ramírez V, Pauly M. Identification of a xyloglucan beta-xylopyranosyltransferase from Vaccinium corymbosum. PLANT DIRECT 2023; 7:e514. [PMID: 37502316 PMCID: PMC10368651 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Plant cell walls contain the hemicellulose xyloglucan, whose fine structure may vary depending on cell type, tissue, and/or plant species. Most but not all of the glycosyltransferases involved in the biosynthesis of xyloglucan sidechains have been identified. Here, we report the identification of several functional glycosyltransferases from blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum bluecrop). Among those transferases is a hitherto elusive Xyloglucan:Beta-xylosylTransferase (XBT). Heterologous expression of VcXBT in the Arabidopsis thaliana double mutant mur3 xlt2, where xyloglucan consists only of an unsubstituted xylosylated glucan core structure, results in the production of the xylopyranose-containing "U" sidechain as characterized by mass spectrometry, glycosidic linkage, and NMR analysis. The introduction of the additional xylopyranosyl residue rescues the dwarfed phenotype of the untransformed Arabidopsis mur3 xlt2 mutant to wild-type height. Structural protein analysis using Alphafold of this and other related xyloglucan glycosyltransferase family 47 proteins not only identifies potential domains that might influence the regioselectivity of these enzymes but also gives hints to specific amino acids that might determine the donor-substrate specificity of these glycosyltransferases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronja Immelmann
- Institute of Plant Cell Biology and Biotechnology‐Cluster of Excellence on Plant SciencesHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Niklas Gawenda
- Institute of Plant Cell Biology and Biotechnology‐Cluster of Excellence on Plant SciencesHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Vicente Ramírez
- Institute of Plant Cell Biology and Biotechnology‐Cluster of Excellence on Plant SciencesHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Markus Pauly
- Institute of Plant Cell Biology and Biotechnology‐Cluster of Excellence on Plant SciencesHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
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Zhang H, Zhou J, Kou X, Liu Y, Zhao X, Qin G, Wang M, Qian G, Li W, Huang Y, Wang X, Zhao Z, Li S, Wu X, Jiang L, Feng X, Zhu JK, Li L. Syntaxin of plants71 plays essential roles in plant development and stress response via regulating pH homeostasis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1198353. [PMID: 37342145 PMCID: PMC10277689 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1198353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
SYP71, a plant-specific Qc-SNARE with multiple subcellular localization, is essential for symbiotic nitrogen fixation in nodules in Lotus, and is implicated in plant resistance to pathogenesis in rice, wheat and soybean. Arabidopsis SYP71 is proposed to participate in multiple membrane fusion steps during secretion. To date, the molecular mechanism underlying SYP71 regulation on plant development remains elusive. In this study, we clarified that AtSYP71 is essential for plant development and stress response, using techniques of cell biology, molecular biology, biochemistry, genetics, and transcriptomics. AtSYP71-knockout mutant atsyp71-1 was lethal at early development stage due to the failure of root elongation and albinism of the leaves. AtSYP71-knockdown mutants, atsyp71-2 and atsyp71-3, had short roots, delayed early development, and altered stress response. The cell wall structure and components changed significantly in atsyp71-2 due to disrupted cell wall biosynthesis and dynamics. Reactive oxygen species homeostasis and pH homeostasis were also collapsed in atsyp71-2. All these defects were likely resulted from blocked secretion pathway in the mutants. Strikingly, change of pH value significantly affected ROS homeostasis in atsyp71-2, suggesting interconnection between ROS and pH homeostasis. Furthermore, we identified AtSYP71 partners and propose that AtSYP71 forms distinct SNARE complexes to mediate multiple membrane fusion steps in secretory pathway. Our findings suggest that AtSYP71 plays an essential role in plant development and stress response via regulating pH homeostasis through secretory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoyue Kou
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guochen Qin
- Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Weifang, China
| | - Mingyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Guangtao Qian
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Wen Li
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yongshun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhenjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Lixi Jiang
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianzhong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Jian-Kang Zhu
- Institute of Advanced Biotechnology and School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Center for Advanced Bioindustry Technologies, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Li
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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Zhang N, Julian JD, Yap CE, Swaminathan S, Zabotina OA. The Arabidopsis xylosyltransferases, XXT3, XXT4, and XXT5, are essential to complete the fully xylosylated glucan backbone XXXG-type structure of xyloglucans. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 238:1986-1999. [PMID: 36856333 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Although most xyloglucans (XyGs) biosynthesis enzymes have been identified, the molecular mechanism that defines XyG branching patterns is unclear. Four out of five XyG xylosyltransferases (XXT1, XXT2, XXT4, and XXT5) are known to add the xylosyl residue from UDP-xylose onto a glucan backbone chain; however, the function of XXT3 has yet to be demonstrated. Single xxt3 and triple xxt3xxt4xxt5 mutant Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants were generated using CRISPR-Cas9 technology to determine the specific function of XXT3. Combined biochemical, bioinformatic, and morphological data conclusively established for the first time that XXT3, together with XXT4 and XXT5, adds xylosyl residue specifically at the third glucose in the glucan chain to synthesize XXXG-type XyGs. We propose that the specificity of XXT3, XXT4, and XXT5 is directed toward the prior synthesis of the acceptor substrate by the other two enzymes, XXT1 and XXT2. We also conclude that XXT5 plays a dominant role in the synthesis of XXXG-type XyGs, while XXT3 and XXT4 complementarily contribute their activities in a tissue-specific manner. The newly generated xxt3xxt4xxt5 mutant produces only XXGG-type XyGs, which further helps to understand the impact of structurally deficient polysaccharides on plant cell wall organization, growth, and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- Roy J Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Jordan D Julian
- Roy J Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Cheng Ern Yap
- Roy J Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Sivakumar Swaminathan
- Roy J Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Olga A Zabotina
- Roy J Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
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Nechita P, Roman Iana Roman M, Năstac SM. Green Approaches on Modification of Xylan Hemicellulose to Enhance the Functional Properties for Food Packaging Materials-A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15092088. [PMID: 37177236 PMCID: PMC10180625 DOI: 10.3390/polym15092088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on the environmental concerns, the utilisation of hemicelluloses in food packaging has become a sustainable alternative to synthetic polymers and an important method for the efficient utilisation of biomass resources. After cellulose, hemicellulose is a second component of agricultural and forestry biomass that is being taken advantage of given its abundant source, biodegradability, nontoxicity and good biocompatibility. However, due to its special molecular structure and physical and chemical characteristics, the mechanical and barrier properties of hemicellulose films and coatings are not sufficient for food packaging applications and modification for performance enhancement is needed. Even though there are many studies on improving the hydrophobic properties of hemicelluloses, most do not meet environmental requirements and the chemical modification of these biopolymers is still a challenge. The present review examines emerging and green alternatives to acetylation for xylan hemicellulose in order to improve its performance, especially when it is used as biopolymer in paper coatings or films for food packaging. Ionic liquids (ILs) and enzymatic modification are environmentally friendly methods used to obtain xylan derivatives with improved thermal and mechanical properties as well as hydrophobic performances that are very important for food packaging materials. Once these novel and green methodologies of hemicellulose modifications become well understood and with validated results, their production on an industrial scale could be implemented. This paper will extend the area of hemicellulose applications and lead to the implementation of a sustainable alternative to petroleum-based products that will decrease the environmental impact of packaging materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petronela Nechita
- Research and Consultancy Center for Agronomy and Environment, Engineering and Agronomy Faculty in Brăila, "Dunărea de Jos" University of Galați, 810017 Braila, Romania
| | - Mirela Roman Iana Roman
- Doctoral School of Fundamental and Engineering Sciences, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, 817112 Braila, Romania
| | - Silviu Marian Năstac
- Research Center for Mechanics of Machines and Technological Equipments, Engineering and Agronomy Faculty in Brăila, "Dunărea de Jos" University of Galați, 810017 Braila, Romania
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Transilvania University of Brașov, 500014 Brașov, Romania
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10
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Oelmüller R, Tseng YH, Gandhi A. Signals and Their Perception for Remodelling, Adjustment and Repair of the Plant Cell Wall. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087417. [PMID: 37108585 PMCID: PMC10139151 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The integrity of the cell wall is important for plant cells. Mechanical or chemical distortions, tension, pH changes in the apoplast, disturbance of the ion homeostasis, leakage of cell compounds into the apoplastic space or breakdown of cell wall polysaccharides activate cellular responses which often occur via plasma membrane-localized receptors. Breakdown products of the cell wall polysaccharides function as damage-associated molecular patterns and derive from cellulose (cello-oligomers), hemicelluloses (mainly xyloglucans and mixed-linkage glucans as well as glucuronoarabinoglucans in Poaceae) and pectins (oligogalacturonides). In addition, several types of channels participate in mechanosensing and convert physical into chemical signals. To establish a proper response, the cell has to integrate information about apoplastic alterations and disturbance of its wall with cell-internal programs which require modifications in the wall architecture due to growth, differentiation or cell division. We summarize recent progress in pattern recognition receptors for plant-derived oligosaccharides, with a focus on malectin domain-containing receptor kinases and their crosstalk with other perception systems and intracellular signaling events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Oelmüller
- Matthias Schleiden Institute of Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular Botany, Department of Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Yu-Heng Tseng
- Matthias Schleiden Institute of Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular Botany, Department of Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Akanksha Gandhi
- Matthias Schleiden Institute of Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular Botany, Department of Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07743 Jena, Germany
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11
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Zou W, Zhao C, Chen J, Wang Y, Jin C, Zhang X. Systematic stress persistence and recovery patterns of rice (Oryza sativa L.) roots in response to molybdenum disulfide nanosheets. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 321:138166. [PMID: 36804254 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The increasing application of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) unavoidably leads to environmental release and biological exposure. Understanding the potential hazards of ENMs on crops is essential for appropriate utilization and management. Herein, rice seedlings were hydroponically exposed to molybdenum sulfide (MoS2, a typical ENM) nanosheets at 5-20 mg/L for 7 days and then depurated for another 7 days in a fresh culture medium. Exposure to MoS2 triggered irreversible reductions in root length (by 26.3%-69.9%) and tip number (by 22.2%-66.0%). Integration of biochemical assays, transcriptomic and metabolomics found that oxidative stress induced by MoS2 in roots was persistent, whereas the activation of aquaporins, ionic transportation, and energy synthesis was normalized due to the recovery of nutrient uptake. The down-regulated levels of genes and metabolites associated with peroxidases, hemicellulose synthesis, expansins, and auxins caused persistent structural damages (sclerosis and rupture) of root cell walls. Approximately 64.5%-84.8% of internalized MoS2 nanosheets were degraded, and the successive up-regulation of genes encoding cytochrome P450s and glutathione S-transferases reflected the biotransformation and detoxification of MoS2 in the depuration period. These findings provide novel insights into the persistence and recovery of MoS2 phytotoxicity, which will help advance the risk assessment of MoS2 application on environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zou
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China.
| | - Chenxu Zhao
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Yihan Wang
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Caixia Jin
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Xingli Zhang
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
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Cui G, Li Y, Yi X, Wang J, Lin P, Lu C, Zhang Q, Gao L, Zhong G. Meliaceae genomes provide insights into wood development and limonoids biosynthesis. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:574-590. [PMID: 36453987 PMCID: PMC9946144 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Meliaceae is a useful plant family owing to its high-quality timber and its many limonoids that have pharmacological and biological activities. Although some genomes of Meliaceae species have been reported, many questions regarding their unique family features, namely wood quality and natural products, have not been answered. In this study, we provide the whole-genome sequence of Melia azedarach comprising 237.16 Mb with a contig N50 of 8.07 Mb, and an improved genome sequence of Azadirachta indica comprising 223.66 Mb with a contig N50 of 8.91 Mb. Moreover, genome skimming data, transcriptomes and other published genomes were comprehensively analysed to determine the genes and proteins that produce superior wood and valuable limonoids. Phylogenetic analysis of chloroplast genomes, single-copy gene families and single-nucleotide polymorphisms revealed that Meliaceae should be classified into two subfamilies: Cedreloideae and Melioideae. Although the Meliaceae species did not undergo additional whole-genome duplication events, the secondary wall biosynthetic genes of the woody Cedreloideae species, Toona sinensis, expanded significantly compared to those of A. indica and M. azedarach, especially in downstream transcription factors and cellulose/hemicellulose biosynthesis-related genes. Moreover, expanded special oxidosqualene cyclase catalogues can help diversify Sapindales skeletons, and the clustered genes that regulate terpene chain elongation, cyclization and modification would support their roles in limonoid biosynthesis. The expanded clans of terpene synthase, O-methyltransferase and cytochrome P450, which are mainly derived from tandem duplication, are responsible for the different limonoid classes among the species. These results are beneficial for further investigations of wood development and limonoid biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaofeng Cui
- College of Plant ProtectionSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of EducationSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Institution of Genomics and BioinformaticsSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yun Li
- College of Plant ProtectionSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of EducationSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xin Yi
- College of Plant ProtectionSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of EducationSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jieyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Peifan Lin
- Institution of Genomics and BioinformaticsSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Cui Lu
- Institution of Genomics and BioinformaticsSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Qunjie Zhang
- Institution of Genomics and BioinformaticsSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Lizhi Gao
- Engineering Research Center for Selecting and Breeding New Tropical Crop Varieties, Ministry of Education, College of Tropical CropsHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Guohua Zhong
- College of Plant ProtectionSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of EducationSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
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13
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Research Progress in Hemicellulose-Based Nanocomposite Film as Food Packaging. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15040979. [PMID: 36850261 PMCID: PMC9964622 DOI: 10.3390/polym15040979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
As the main component of agricultural and forestry biomass, hemicellulose has the advantages of having an abundant source, biodegradability, nontoxicity and good biocompatibility. Its application in food packaging has thus become the focus of efficient utilization of biomass resources. However, due to its special molecular structure and physical and chemical characteristics, the mechanical properties and barrier properties of hemicellulose films are not sufficient, and modification for performance enhancement is still a challenge. In the field of food packaging materials preparation, modification of hemicellulose through blending with nanofibers or nanoparticles, both inorganic and organic, has attracted research attention because this approach offers the advantages of efficient improvement in the expected properties and better cost efficiency. In this paper, the composition of hemicellulose, the classification of nanofillers and the research status of hemicellulose-based nanocomposite films are reviewed. The research progress in modification of hemicellulose by using layered silicate, inorganic nanoparticles and organic nanoparticles in food packaging is described. Challenges and outlook of research in hemicellulose-based nanocomposite film in food packaging is discussed.
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Grieß-Osowski A, Voiniciuc C. Branched mannan and xyloglucan as a dynamic duo in plant cell walls. Cell Surf 2023; 9:100098. [PMID: 36756196 PMCID: PMC9900609 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Annika Grieß-Osowski
- Independent Junior Research Group–Designer Glycans, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany,Department of Biological Data Science, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Cătălin Voiniciuc
- Independent Junior Research Group–Designer Glycans, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany,Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States,Corresponding author at: Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States.
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Song B, Li X, Cao B, Zhang M, Korban SS, Yu L, Yang W, Zhao K, Li J, Wu J. An identical-by-descent segment harbors a 12-bp insertion determining fruit softening during domestication and speciation in Pyrus. BMC Biol 2022; 20:215. [PMID: 36183077 PMCID: PMC9526952 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-022-01409-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the wild relatives of pear originated in southwest China, this fruit crop was independently domesticated and improved in Asia and Europe, and there are major phenotypic differences (e.g., maturity and fruit firmness) between Asian and European pears. RESULTS: In this study, we examined the genomes of 113 diverse pear accessions using an identity-by-descent (IBD) approach to investigate how historical gene flow has shaped fruit firmness traits in Asian and European pears. We found a 3-Mbp IBD-enriched region (IBD-ER) that has undergone "convergent domestication" in both the Asian and European pear lineages, and a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of fruit firmness phenotypes strongly implicated the TRANSLOCON AT THE INNER CHLOROPLAST ENVELOPE55 (TIC55) locus within this 3-Mbp IBD-ER. Furthermore, we identified a tandem duplication that includes a 12-bp insertion located in the first exon of TIC55 that is uniquely present in Asian pears, and expression analysis showed that the pear TIC55 gene is highly expressed in Asian pear, while it is weakly or not expressed in European pear; this could contribute to the differences in fruit firmness between Asian and European pear fruits. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide insights into how pear fruit softening has been impacted during domestication, and we identified candidate genes associated with fruit softening that can contribute to the breeding and improvement of pear and other fruit crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobo Song
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.,Present Address: Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Beibei Cao
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Mingyue Zhang
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Schuyler S Korban
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Li'ang Yu
- The Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Wenxi Yang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Kejiao Zhao
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiaming Li
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Jun Wu
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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