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Shi J, Li J, Pan Y, Zhao M, Zhang R, Xue Y, Liu Y. The Physiological Response Mechanism of Peanut Leaves under Al Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1606. [PMID: 38931038 PMCID: PMC11207616 DOI: 10.3390/plants13121606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity in acidic soils can significantly reduce peanut yield. The physiological response of peanut leaves to Al poisoning stress still has not been fully explored. This research examined the influences of Al toxicity on peanut leaves by observing the leaf phenotype, scanning the leaf area and perimeter, and by measuring photosynthetic pigment content, physiological response indices, leaf hormone levels, and mineral element accumulation. Fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR (qPCR) was utilized to determine the relative transcript level of specific genes. The results indicated that Al toxicity hindered peanut leaf development, reducing their biomass, surface area, and perimeter, although the decrease in photosynthetic pigment content was minimal. Al toxicity notably affected the activity of antioxidative enzymes, proline content, and MDA (malondialdehyde) levels in the leaves. Additionally, Al poisoning resulted in the increased accumulation of iron (Fe), potassium (K), and Al in peanut leaves but reduced the levels of calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and magnesium (Mg). There were significant changes in the content of hormones and the expression level of genes connected with hormones in peanut leaves. High Al concentrations may activate cellular defense mechanisms, enhancing antioxidative activity to mitigate excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) and affecting hormone-related gene expression, which may impede leaf biomass and development. This research aimed to elucidate the physiological response mechanisms of peanut leaves to Al poisoning stress, providing insights for breeding new varieties resistant to Al poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianning Shi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Jianyu Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yuhu Pan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yingbin Xue
- Department of Agronomy, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
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Yang J, Chen R, Xiang X, Liu W, Fan C. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the Class III Peroxidase Gene Family under Abiotic Stresses in Litchi ( Litchi chinensis Sonn.). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5804. [PMID: 38891992 PMCID: PMC11172018 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Class III peroxidases (CIII PRXs) are plant-specific enzymes with high activity that play key roles in the catalysis of oxidation-reduction reactions. In plants, CIII PRXs can reduce hydrogen peroxide to catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions, thereby affecting plant growth, development, and stress responses. To date, no systematic analysis of the CIII PRX gene family in litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) has been documented, although the genome has been reported. In this study, a total of 77 CIII PRX (designated LcPRX) gene family members were predicted in the litchi genome to provide a reference for candidate genes in the responses to abiotic stresses during litchi growth and development. All of these LcPRX genes had different numbers of highly conserved PRX domains and were unevenly distributed across fifteen chromosomes. They were further clustered into eight clades using a phylogenetic tree, and almost every clade had its own unique gene structure and motif distribution. Collinearity analysis confirmed that there were eleven pairs of duplicate genes among the LcPRX members, and segmental duplication (SD) was the main driving force behind the LcPRX gene expansion. Tissue-specific expression profiles indicated that the expression levels of all the LcPRX family members in different tissues of the litchi tree were significantly divergent. After different abiotic stress treatments, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that the LcPRX genes responded to various stresses and displayed differential expression patterns. Physicochemical properties, transmembrane domains, subcellular localization, secondary structures, and cis-acting elements were also analyzed. These findings provide insights into the characteristics of the LcPRX gene family and give valuable information for further elucidating its molecular function and then enhancing abiotic stress tolerance in litchi through molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chao Fan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (J.Y.); (R.C.); (X.X.); (W.L.)
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Shah OU, Khan LU, Basharat S, Zhou L, Ikram M, Peng J, Khan WU, Liu P, Waseem M. Genome-Wide Investigation of Class III Peroxidase Genes in Brassica napus Reveals Their Responsiveness to Abiotic Stresses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:942. [PMID: 38611473 PMCID: PMC11013820 DOI: 10.3390/plants13070942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Brassica napus (B. napus) is susceptible to multiple abiotic stresses that can affect plant growth and development, ultimately reducing crop yields. In the past, many genes that provide tolerance to abiotic stresses have been identified and characterized. Peroxidase (POD) proteins, members of the oxidoreductase enzyme family, play a critical role in protecting plants against abiotic stresses. This study demonstrated a comprehensive investigation of the POD gene family in B. napus. As a result, a total of 109 POD genes were identified across the 19 chromosomes and classified into five distinct subgroups. Further, 44 duplicate events were identified; of these, two gene pairs were tandem and 42 were segmental. Synteny analysis revealed that segmental duplication was more prominent than tandem duplication among POD genes. Expression pattern analysis based on the RNA-seq data of B. napus indicated that BnPOD genes were expressed differently in various tissues; most of them were expressed in roots rather than in other tissues. To validate these findings, we performed RT-qPCR analysis on ten genes; these genes showed various expression levels under abiotic stresses. Our findings not only furnish valuable insights into the evolutionary dynamics of the BnPOD gene family but also serve as a foundation for subsequent investigations into the functional roles of POD genes in B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obaid Ullah Shah
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; (O.U.S.); (L.U.K.); (L.Z.); (M.I.); (J.P.); (W.U.K.)
| | - Latif Ullah Khan
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; (O.U.S.); (L.U.K.); (L.Z.); (M.I.); (J.P.); (W.U.K.)
| | - Sana Basharat
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Lingling Zhou
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; (O.U.S.); (L.U.K.); (L.Z.); (M.I.); (J.P.); (W.U.K.)
| | - Muhammad Ikram
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; (O.U.S.); (L.U.K.); (L.Z.); (M.I.); (J.P.); (W.U.K.)
| | - Jiantao Peng
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; (O.U.S.); (L.U.K.); (L.Z.); (M.I.); (J.P.); (W.U.K.)
| | - Wasi Ullah Khan
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; (O.U.S.); (L.U.K.); (L.Z.); (M.I.); (J.P.); (W.U.K.)
| | - Pingwu Liu
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; (O.U.S.); (L.U.K.); (L.Z.); (M.I.); (J.P.); (W.U.K.)
| | - Muhammad Waseem
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; (O.U.S.); (L.U.K.); (L.Z.); (M.I.); (J.P.); (W.U.K.)
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Yang Z, Cheng G, Yu Q, Jiao W, Zeng K, Luo T, Zhang H, Shang H, Huang G, Wang F, Guo Y, Xu J. Identification and characterization of the Remorin gene family in Saccharum and the involvement of ScREM1.5e-1/-2 in SCMV infection on sugarcane. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1365995. [PMID: 38463560 PMCID: PMC10920289 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1365995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Remorins (REMs) are plant-specific membrane-associated proteins that play important roles in plant-pathogen interactions and environmental adaptations. Group I REMs are extensively involved in virus infection. However, little is known about the REM gene family in sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hyrid), the most important sugar and energy crop around world. Methods Comparative genomics were employed to analyze the REM gene family in Saccharum spontaneum. Transcriptomics or RT-qPCR were used to analyze their expression files in different development stages or tissues under different treatments. Yeast two hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation and co-immunoprecipitation assays were applied to investigate the protein interaction. Results In this study, 65 REMs were identified from Saccharum spontaneum genome and classified into six groups based on phylogenetic tree analysis. These REMs contain multiple cis-elements associated with growth, development, hormone and stress response. Expression profiling revealed that among different SsREMs with variable expression levels in different developmental stages or different tissues. A pair of alleles, ScREM1.5e-1/-2, were isolated from the sugarcane cultivar ROC22. ScREM1.5e-1/-2 were highly expressed in leaves, with the former expressed at significantly higher levels than the latter. Their expression was induced by treatment with H2O2, ABA, ethylene, brassinosteroid, SA or MeJA, and varied upon Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) infection. ScREM1.5e-1 was localized to the plasma membrane (PM), while ScREM1.5e-2 was localized to the cytoplasm or nucleus. ScREM1.5e-1/-2 can self-interact and interact with each other, and interact with VPgs from SCMV, Sorghum mosaic virus, or Sugarcane streak mosaic virus. The interactions with VPgs relocated ScREM1.5e-1 from the PM to the cytoplasm. Discussion These results reveal the origin, distribution and evolution of the REM gene family in sugarcane and may shed light on engineering sugarcane resistance against sugarcane mosaic pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongtao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Guangyuan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Quanxin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wendi Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Kang Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Tingxu Luo
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Heyang Shang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Guoqiang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Fengji Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Subtropical Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botany, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jingsheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Vodiasova E, Meger Y, Uppe V, Tsiupka V, Chelebieva E, Smykov A. Class III Peroxidases in the Peach ( Prunus persica): Genome-Wide Identification and Functional Analysis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:127. [PMID: 38202438 PMCID: PMC10780707 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Class III peroxidases are plant-specific and play a key role in the response to biotic and abiotic stresses, as well as in plant growth and development. In this study, we investigated 60 POD genes from Prunus persica based on genomic and transcriptomic data available in NCBI and analysed the expression of individual genes with qPCR. Peroxidase genes were clustered into five subgroups using the phylogenetic analysis. Their exon-intron structure and conserved motifs were analysed. Analysis of the transcriptomic data showed that the expression of PpPOD genes varied significantly in different tissues, at different developmental stages and under different stress treatments. All genes were divided into low- and high-expressed genes, and the most highly expressed genes were identified for individual tissues (PpPOD12 and PpPOD42 in flower buds and PpPOD73, PpPOD12, PpPOD42, and PpPOD31 in fruits). The relationship between cold tolerance and the level of peroxidase expression was revealed. These studies were carried out for the first time in the peach and confirmed that chilling tolerance may be related to the specificity of antioxidant complex gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Vodiasova
- Federal State Funded Institution of Science “The Labor Red Banner Order Nikita Botanical Gardens—National Scientific Center of the RAS”, Nikita, 298648 Yalta, Russia; (Y.M.); (V.U.); (V.T.); (E.C.); (A.S.)
- A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, 299011 Sevastopol, Russia
| | - Yakov Meger
- Federal State Funded Institution of Science “The Labor Red Banner Order Nikita Botanical Gardens—National Scientific Center of the RAS”, Nikita, 298648 Yalta, Russia; (Y.M.); (V.U.); (V.T.); (E.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Victoria Uppe
- Federal State Funded Institution of Science “The Labor Red Banner Order Nikita Botanical Gardens—National Scientific Center of the RAS”, Nikita, 298648 Yalta, Russia; (Y.M.); (V.U.); (V.T.); (E.C.); (A.S.)
- A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, 299011 Sevastopol, Russia
| | - Valentina Tsiupka
- Federal State Funded Institution of Science “The Labor Red Banner Order Nikita Botanical Gardens—National Scientific Center of the RAS”, Nikita, 298648 Yalta, Russia; (Y.M.); (V.U.); (V.T.); (E.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Elina Chelebieva
- Federal State Funded Institution of Science “The Labor Red Banner Order Nikita Botanical Gardens—National Scientific Center of the RAS”, Nikita, 298648 Yalta, Russia; (Y.M.); (V.U.); (V.T.); (E.C.); (A.S.)
- A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, 299011 Sevastopol, Russia
| | - Anatoly Smykov
- Federal State Funded Institution of Science “The Labor Red Banner Order Nikita Botanical Gardens—National Scientific Center of the RAS”, Nikita, 298648 Yalta, Russia; (Y.M.); (V.U.); (V.T.); (E.C.); (A.S.)
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González-Gordo S, Muñoz-Vargas MA, Palma JM, Corpas FJ. Class III Peroxidases (POD) in Pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.): Genome-Wide Identification and Regulation during Nitric Oxide (NO)-Influenced Fruit Ripening. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051013. [PMID: 37237879 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The class III peroxidases (PODs) catalyze the oxidation of several substrates coupled to the reduction of H2O2 to water, and play important roles in diverse plant processes. The POD family members have been well-studied in several plant species, but little information is available on sweet pepper fruit physiology. Based on the existing pepper genome, a total of 75 CaPOD genes have been identified, but only 10 genes were found in the fruit transcriptome (RNA-Seq). The time-course expression analysis of these genes showed that two were upregulated during fruit ripening, seven were downregulated, and one gene was unaffected. Furthermore, nitric oxide (NO) treatment triggered the upregulation of two CaPOD genes whereas the others were unaffected. Non-denaturing PAGE and in-gel activity staining allowed identifying four CaPOD isozymes (CaPOD I-CaPOD IV) which were differentially modulated during ripening and by NO. In vitro analyses of green fruit samples with peroxynitrite, NO donors, and reducing agents triggered about 100% inhibition of CaPOD IV. These data support the modulation of POD at gene and activity levels, which is in agreement with the nitro-oxidative metabolism of pepper fruit during ripening, and suggest that POD IV is a target for nitration and reducing events that lead to its inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador González-Gordo
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Stress, Development and Signaling in Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - María A Muñoz-Vargas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Stress, Development and Signaling in Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - José M Palma
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Stress, Development and Signaling in Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Stress, Development and Signaling in Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
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