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Oliveira ODS, Olive T, Lambert E. Writing Before Speaking Modifies Speech Production. Exp Psychol 2019; 66:126-133. [PMID: 30895913 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We investigated whether orthographic information influences speech production. We used a non-color-word version of the Stroop task in which participants had to ignore the presented words but name their ink color instead. In two experiments, we manipulated the phonological and orthographic relationships between the words and their ink color and the tasks' context by preactivating or not orthographic information. The relation between the first letter of the prime word and the first phoneme of the color name was phonological or orthographic and phonological or unrelated. In Experiment 1, only phonological information carried out by the prime word affected spoken naming; orthographic information did not help. In Experiment 2, speech production was influenced by orthographic information only after an initial writing task. This confirms that orthographic information can support speaking and that speech is sensitive to properties of the task's context, suggesting that orthographic information is coactivated online with phonological information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophélie De Sousa Oliveira
- 1 Research Center for Cognition and Learning, University of Poitiers, France.,2 French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), France
| | - Thierry Olive
- 1 Research Center for Cognition and Learning, University of Poitiers, France.,2 French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), France
| | - Eric Lambert
- 1 Research Center for Cognition and Learning, University of Poitiers, France.,2 French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), France
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Chiarello C, Vaden KI, Eckert MA. Orthographic influence on spoken word identification: Behavioral and fMRI evidence. Neuropsychologia 2018; 111:103-111. [PMID: 29371094 PMCID: PMC5866781 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The current study investigated behavioral and neuroimaging evidence for orthographic influences on auditory word identification. To assess such influences, the proportion of similar sounding words (i.e. phonological neighbors) that were also spelled similarly (i.e., orthographic neighbors) was computed for each auditorily presented word as the Orthographic-to-Phonological Overlap Ratio (OPOR). Speech intelligibility was manipulated by presenting monosyllabic words in multi-talker babble at two signal-to-noise ratios: + 3 and + 10 dB SNR. Identification rates were lower for high overlap words in the challenging + 3 dB SNR condition. In addition, BOLD contrast increased with OPOR at the more difficult SNR, and decreased with OPOR under more favorable SNR conditions. Both voxel-based and region of interest analyses demonstrated robust effects of OPOR in several cingulo-opercular regions. However, contrary to prior theoretical accounts, no task-related activity was observed in posterior regions associated with phonological or orthographic processing. We suggest that, when processing is difficult, orthographic-to-phonological feature overlap increases the availability of competing responses, which then requires additional support from domain general performance systems in order to produce a single response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Chiarello
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States.
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Calcus A, Deltenre P, Colin C, Kolinsky R. Peripheral and central contribution to the difficulty of speech in noise perception in dyslexic children. Dev Sci 2017; 21:e12558. [PMID: 28256107 DOI: 10.1111/desc.12558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Axelle Calcus
- Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique - FNRS (FRS-FNRS); France
- Unité de Recherche en Neurosciences Cognitives (UNESCOG); Center for Research in Cognition & Neurosciences (CRCN); Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB); Brussels Belgium
- Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie Sensorielle et Cognitive; Hôpital Brugmann; Brussels Belgium
| | - Paul Deltenre
- Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie Sensorielle et Cognitive; Hôpital Brugmann; Brussels Belgium
| | - Cécile Colin
- Unité de Recherche en Neurosciences Cognitives (UNESCOG); Center for Research in Cognition & Neurosciences (CRCN); Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB); Brussels Belgium
- Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie Sensorielle et Cognitive; Hôpital Brugmann; Brussels Belgium
| | - Régine Kolinsky
- Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique - FNRS (FRS-FNRS); France
- Unité de Recherche en Neurosciences Cognitives (UNESCOG); Center for Research in Cognition & Neurosciences (CRCN); Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB); Brussels Belgium
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Pattamadilok C, Ponz A, Planton S, Bonnard M. Contribution of writing to reading: Dissociation between cognitive and motor process in the left dorsal premotor cortex. Hum Brain Mapp 2016; 37:1531-43. [PMID: 26813381 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional brain imaging studies reported activation of the left dorsal premotor cortex (PMd), that is, a main area in the writing network, in reading tasks. However, it remains unclear whether this area is causally relevant for written stimulus recognition or its activation simply results from a passive coactivation of reading and writing networks. Here, we used chronometric paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to address this issue by disrupting the activity of the PMd, the so-called Exner's area, while participants performed a lexical decision task. Both words and pseudowords were presented in printed and handwritten characters. The latter was assumed to be closely associated with motor representations of handwriting gestures. We found that TMS over the PMd in relatively early time-windows, i.e., between 60 and 160 ms after the stimulus onset, increased reaction times to pseudoword without affecting word recognition. Interestingly, this result pattern was found for both printed and handwritten characters, that is, regardless of whether the characters evoked motor representations of writing actions. Our result showed that under some circumstances the activation of the PMd does not simply result from passive association between reading and writing networks but has a functional role in the reading process. At least, at an early stage of written stimuli recognition, this role seems to depend on a common sublexical and serial process underlying writing and pseudoword reading rather than on an implicit evocation of writing actions during reading as typically assumed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aurélie Ponz
- Centre IRMf de Marseille, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, CNRS UMR 7289 and Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Samuel Planton
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, LPL, UMR 7309, 13100 Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Mireille Bonnard
- Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes UMR_S1106, Marseille, France
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Calcus A, Colin C, Deltenre P, Kolinsky R. Informational masking of speech in dyslexic children. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2015; 137:EL496-EL502. [PMID: 26093461 DOI: 10.1121/1.4922012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Studies evaluating speech perception in noise have reported inconsistent results regarding a potential deficit in dyslexic children. So far, most of them investigated energetic masking. The present study evaluated situations inducing mostly informational masking, which reflects cognitive interference induced by the masker. Dyslexic children were asked to identify a female target syllable presented in quiet, babble, unmodulated, and modulated speech-shaped noise. Whereas their performance was comparable to normal-reading children in quiet, it dropped significantly in all noisy conditions compared to age-, but not reading level-matched controls. Interestingly, noise affected similarly the reception of voicing, place, and manner of articulation in dyslexic and normal-reading children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axelle Calcus
- Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique-FNRS (FRS-FNRS), Unité de Recherche en Neurosciences Cognitives (UNESCOG), Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences (CRCN), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cécile Colin
- Unité de Recherche en Neurosciences Cognitives (UNESCOG), Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences (CRCN), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Paul Deltenre
- Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie Sensorielle et Cognitive, Hôpital Brugmann, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Régine Kolinsky
- Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique-FNRS (FRS-FNRS), Unité de Recherche en Neurosciences Cognitives (UNESCOG), Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences (CRCN), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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Pattamadilok C, Morais J, Colin C, Kolinsky R. Unattentive speech processing is influenced by orthographic knowledge: evidence from mismatch negativity. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2014; 137:103-111. [PMID: 25190330 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
How far can acquired knowledge such as orthographic knowledge affect pre-existing abilities such as speech perception? This controversial issue was addressed by investigating the automaticity of the influence of orthographic knowledge on speech processing. Many studies demonstrated this influence in active, lexico-semantic speech processing tasks. However, it has never been observed when speech is unattended. Here, the Mismatch Negativity (MMN), an automatic index of experience-dependent auditory traces, was recorded in an unattended oddball paradigm manipulating the orthographic congruency between frequent and deviant spoken riming words. Both orthographically congruent and incongruent deviant words elicited a typical MMN over the fronto-central regions, with a stronger response in the incongruent condition. The finding showed that the orthographic dimension of spoken words influences a physiological marker of speech processing although participants were required not to attend to the auditory input. This provides evidence for an impact of acquiring a written code on speech processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chotiga Pattamadilok
- Laboratoire Parole et Langage (LPL), CNRS (UMR 7309), Aix-Marseille Université, Aix-en-Provence, France.
| | - José Morais
- Unité de Recherche en Neurosciences Cognitives (UNESCOG), Center for Research in Cognition & Neurosciences (CRCN), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Belgium
| | - Cécile Colin
- Unité de Recherche en Neurosciences Cognitives (UNESCOG), Center for Research in Cognition & Neurosciences (CRCN), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Belgium; Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie Sensorielle et Cognitive, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Belgium
| | - Régine Kolinsky
- Unité de Recherche en Neurosciences Cognitives (UNESCOG), Center for Research in Cognition & Neurosciences (CRCN), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Belgium; Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique - FNRS, Belgium
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Pattamadilok C, Nelis A, Kolinsky R. How does reading performance modulate the impact of orthographic knowledge on speech processing? A comparison of normal readers and dyslexic adults. ANNALS OF DYSLEXIA 2014; 64:57-76. [PMID: 24352886 DOI: 10.1007/s11881-013-0086-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Studies on proficient readers showed that speech processing is affected by knowledge of the orthographic code. Yet, the automaticity of the orthographic influence depends on task demand. Here, we addressed this automaticity issue in normal and dyslexic adult readers by comparing the orthographic effects obtained in two speech processing tasks that are or not sensitive to strategies developed by participants. Our finding showed that while participants' performance in a metaphonological task, which is known to be strategy prone, was affected by their orthographic knowledge regardless of the childhood diagnosis of dyslexia or of their actual reading-related skills, this latter factor significantly modulated the orthographic influence found in a more natural speech recognition task. The finding supports the claim that while any individuals who know a reading code are able to resort to their orthographic knowledge when they process speech, a more profound modification of the speech processing system by the orthographic code takes place only in readers who have reached a certain level of reading expertise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chotiga Pattamadilok
- Laboratoire Parole et Langage, CNRS: UMR 7309, Aix-Marseille Université, 5 Av. Pasteur, 13100, Aix-en-Provence, France,
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Lafontaine H, Chetail F, Colin C, Kolinsky R, Pattamadilok C. Role and activation time course of phonological and orthographic information during phoneme judgments. Neuropsychologia 2012; 50:2897-2906. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Revised: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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