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Vaz-Luis I, Masiero M, Cavaletti G, Cervantes A, Chlebowski RT, Curigliano G, Felip E, Ferreira AR, Ganz PA, Hegarty J, Jeon J, Johansen C, Joly F, Jordan K, Koczwara B, Lagergren P, Lambertini M, Lenihan D, Linardou H, Loprinzi C, Partridge AH, Rauh S, Steindorf K, van der Graaf W, van de Poll-Franse L, Pentheroudakis G, Peters S, Pravettoni G. ESMO Expert Consensus Statements on Cancer Survivorship: promoting high-quality survivorship care and research in Europe. Ann Oncol 2022; 33:1119-1133. [PMID: 35963481 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increased number of cancer survivors and the recognition of physical and psychosocial challenges, present from cancer diagnosis through active treatment and beyond, led to the discipline of cancer survivorship. DESIGN AND METHODS Herein, we reflected on the different components of survivorship care, existing models and priorities, in order to facilitate the promotion of high-quality European survivorship care and research. RESULTS We identified five main components of survivorship care: (i) physical effects of cancer and chronic medical conditions; (ii) psychological effects of cancer; (iii) social, work and financial effects of cancer; (iv) surveillance for recurrences and second cancers; and (v) cancer prevention and overall health and well-being promotion. Survivorship care can be delivered by structured care models including but not limited to shared models integrating primary care and oncology services. The choice of the care model to be implemented has to be adapted to local realities. High-quality care should be expedited by the generation of: (i) focused and shared European recommendations, (ii) creation of tools to facilitate implementation of coordinated care and (iii) survivorship educational programs for health care teams and patients. The research agenda should be defined with the participation of health care providers, researchers, policy makers, patients and caregivers. The following patient-centered survivorship research areas were highlighted: (i) generation of a big data platform to collect long-term real-world data in survivors and healthy controls to (a) understand the resources, needs and preferences of patients with cancer, and (b) understand biological determinants of survivorship issues, and (ii) develop innovative effective interventions focused on the main components of survivorship care. CONCLUSIONS The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) can actively contribute in the efforts of the oncology community toward (a) promoting the development of high-quality survivorship care programs, (b) providing educational material and (c) aiding groundbreaking research by reflecting on priorities and by supporting research networking.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Vaz-Luis
- Breast Cancer Unit, Medical Oncology Department, Gustave Roussy-Cancer Campus, Villejuif; UMR 981, Prédicteurs moléculaires et nouvelles cibles en oncologie, Gustave Roussy-Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.
| | - M Masiero
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milano, Milan; Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan
| | - G Cavaletti
- Experimental Neurology Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - A Cervantes
- Department of Medical Oncology, INCLIVA, Biomedical Research Institute, University of Valencia, Valencia; CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - G Curigliano
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milano, Milan; Division of Early Drug Development, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - E Felip
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A R Ferreira
- Breast Unit, Champalimaud Clinical Center, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon; Catolica Medical School, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - P A Ganz
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, USA
| | - J Hegarty
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - J Jeon
- Exercise Medicine Center for Cancer and Diabetes Patients (ICONS), Department of Sport Industry, Cancer Prevention Center, Yonsei Cancer Center, Shinchon Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - C Johansen
- Centre for Cancer Late Effect Research (CASTLE), Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - F Joly
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre François Baclesse, U1086 Anticipe, Unicaen Normandy Universtity, Caen, France
| | - K Jordan
- Department for Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine, Ernst von Bergmann Hospital, Potsdam; Department of Medicine V, Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - B Koczwara
- Flinders Medical Centre and Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - P Lagergren
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - M Lambertini
- Department of Medical Oncology, U.O. Clinica di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova; Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DiMI), School of Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - D Lenihan
- International Cardio-Oncology Society, Tampa, USA
| | - H Linardou
- Fourth Oncology Department & Comprehensive Clinical Trials Center, Metropolitan Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - A H Partridge
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - S Rauh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Emile Mayrisch, Esch, Luxembourg
| | - K Steindorf
- Division of Physical Activity, Prevention and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - W van der Graaf
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam; Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam
| | - L van de Poll-Franse
- Division of Psychosocial Research & Epidemiology, Department of Psycological Research, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam; Department of Research & Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation (IKNL), Utrecht; CoRPS-Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic diseases, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - G Pentheroudakis
- European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO), Lugano, Switzerland
| | - S Peters
- European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO), Lugano, Switzerland
| | - G Pravettoni
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milano, Milan; Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan
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2
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Pettini G, Sanchini V, Pat-Horenczyk R, Sousa B, Masiero M, Marzorati C, Galimberti VE, Munzone E, Mattson J, Vehmanen L, Utriainen M, Roziner I, Lemos R, Frasquilho D, Cardoso F, Oliveira-Maia AJ, Kolokotroni E, Stamatakos G, Leskelä RL, Haavisto I, Salonen J, Richter R, Karademas E, Poikonen-Saksela P, Mazzocco K. Predicting Effective Adaptation to Breast Cancer to Help Women BOUNCE Back: Protocol for a Multicenter Clinical Pilot Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 11:e34564. [PMID: 36222801 PMCID: PMC9607923 DOI: 10.2196/34564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the continued progress of medicine, dealing with breast cancer is becoming a major socioeconomic challenge, particularly due to its increasing incidence. The ability to better manage and adapt to the entire care process depends not only on the type of cancer but also on the patient’s sociodemographic and psychological characteristics as well as on the social environment in which a person lives and interacts. Therefore, it is important to understand which factors may contribute to successful adaptation to breast cancer. To our knowledge, no studies have been performed on the combination effect of multiple psychological, biological, and functional variables in predicting the patient’s ability to bounce back from a stressful life event, such as a breast cancer diagnosis. Here we describe the study protocol of a multicenter clinical study entitled “Predicting Effective Adaptation to Breast Cancer to Help Women to BOUNCE Back” or, in short, BOUNCE. Objective The aim of the study is to build a quantitative mathematical model of factors associated with the capacity for optimal adjustment to cancer and to study resilience through the cancer continuum in a population of patients with breast cancer. Methods A total of 660 women with breast cancer will be recruited from five European cancer centers in Italy, Finland, Israel, and Portugal. Biomedical and psychosocial variables will be collected using the Noona Healthcare platform. Psychosocial, sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical variables will be measured every 3 months, starting from presurgery assessment (ie, baseline) to 18 months after surgery. Temporal data mining, time-series prediction, sequence classification methods, clustering time-series data, and temporal association rules will be used to develop the predictive model. Results The recruitment process stared in January 2019 and ended in November 2021. Preliminary results have been published in a scientific journal and are available for consultation on the BOUNCE project website. Data analysis and dissemination of the study results will be performed in 2022. Conclusions This study will develop a predictive model that is able to describe individual resilience and identify different resilience trajectories along the care process. The results will allow the implementation of tailored interventions according to patients’ needs, supported by eHealth technologies. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05095675; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05095675 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/34564
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Pettini
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Virginia Sanchini
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Biomedical Ethics and Law, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ruth Pat-Horenczyk
- Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Berta Sousa
- Breast Unit, Champalimaud Clinical Centre/Champalimaud Foundation, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marianna Masiero
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Marzorati
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Elisabetta Munzone
- Division of Medical Senology, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Johanna Mattson
- Department of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leena Vehmanen
- Department of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Meri Utriainen
- Department of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilan Roziner
- Department of Communication Disorders, The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Raquel Lemos
- Champalimaud Research and Clinical Centre, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisboa, Portugal.,ISPA, Instituto Universitário, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Diana Frasquilho
- Breast Unit, Champalimaud Clinical Centre/Champalimaud Foundation, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Fatima Cardoso
- Breast Unit, Champalimaud Clinical Centre/Champalimaud Foundation, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Albino J Oliveira-Maia
- Champalimaud Research and Clinical Centre, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisboa, Portugal.,NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Eleni Kolokotroni
- In Silico Oncology and In Silico Medicine Group, Institute of Communication and Computer Systems, Athens, Greece.,School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Athens, Greece.,National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Stamatakos
- In Silico Oncology and In Silico Medicine Group, Institute of Communication and Computer Systems, Athens, Greece.,School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Athens, Greece.,National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | - Evangelos Karademas
- Department of Psychology, University of Crete, Crete, Greece.,Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Paula Poikonen-Saksela
- Department of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ketti Mazzocco
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Stroske I, Geue K, Friedrich M, Sender A, Schmidt R, Richter D, Leuteritz K. Health Behavior and Associated Factors in Young Adult Cancer Patients. Front Psychol 2021; 12:697096. [PMID: 34539494 PMCID: PMC8440830 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.697096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Having cancer in young adulthood increases the risk of adverse long-term health effects. These risks can be influenced by one's health behavior (HB). The aim of this study is therefore to investigate the presence of health behavior in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) and to identify associated factors. Design: Young cancer patients (18-39 years old at time of diagnosis) were surveyed at baseline and 12 months later via online or as a paper-pencil version. Methods: A spectrum of indicators for HB was assessed via seven items from the Questionnaire of Multiple Health Behavior (MHB). Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to determine factors associated with patients' HB indicators. Results: Five-hundred and fourteen AYAs (75% women) reported the highest level of health-conscious behavior for "avoidance of consumption of nicotine," "follow medical recommendations," and "being considerate in road traffic." Less health-conscious behavior was reported for "keeping an appropriate and balanced diet" and "physical activity." Significant improvements from baseline to the follow-up were observed for "regularly attending health screening" (Hedges' g = 0.44). The analyzed factors explained up to 10% of the HB indicators. Women reported significantly more health-conscious behavior than men in four out of seven HB indicators. Higher quality of life (QoL) was associated with more health behavior in three out of seven HB indicators. Conclusion: Findings show a predominantly health-conscious lifestyle in AYA cancer patients, though we also found harmful behavior which needs to be better approached-e.g., through improving AYAs' health education. AYA men should be particularly targeted in specific prevention and health promotion measures. Future work should identify other factors associated with HB to evaluate targets for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Stroske
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kristina Geue
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Friedrich
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Annekathrin Sender
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ricarda Schmidt
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Diana Richter
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Katja Leuteritz
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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4
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Masiero M, Cutica I, Mazzocco K, Zunino A, Cropley M, Pravettoni G. A Comprehensive Model of Tobacco Cigarette Smoking in Adolescence: The Role of Attachment Style and Personality. THE JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 155:589-605. [PMID: 34185624 DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2021.1934374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Several previous studies have investigated the association between smoking, attachment style and personality, but they were either focused on personality or on attachment style and considered these variables separately. Starting from such findings, the study aims to investigate both factors, as they might not be independent, in order to clarify their role in the onset of smoking behavior in adolescence. This study was conducted on a convenience sample of 338 adolescents [male: 55% (186) - female: 45% (152)] (aged 16.63 ± 1.63). All participants completed a set of standardized questionnaires that assessed attachment style, personality and smoking behavior (starting age, daily cigarettes, nicotine dependence). Results showed that the dismissing attachment style, novelty seeking, and older age were associated with a higher likelihood of having a cigarette smoking experience; while self-directedness and gender (being female) were associated with a lower likelihood of having a cigarette smoking experience (p < .001). The secure and avoidant attachment styles were associated with a late smoking onset, whereas dismissing attachment and reward dependence were associated with an earlier smoking onset (p < .009). These findings highlight the possibility of developing a psycho-cognitive profile of adolescent smokers, and help to describe a smoking trajectory that may aid in designing tailored interventions and treatments to discourage smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ketti Mazzocco
- University of Milan
- European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS
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5
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Massari G, Magnoni F, Favia G, Peradze N, Veronesi P, La Vecchia C, Corso G. Frequency of CDH1 Germline Mutations in Non-Gastric Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102321. [PMID: 34066044 PMCID: PMC8151827 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer (HDGC) is a complex inherited syndrome caused by CDH1 germline mutations. DGC is the hallmark cancer of this genetic predisposition, but several other cancers are associated with these CDH1 mutations. In this review, we revised all studies reporting CDH1 mutations in non-GC patients. The selected studies included: (a) families aggregating with GC and other cancers, both, and (b) families presenting only non-gastric tumors association. Among non-gastric tumors, our results show that CDH1 mutations are most frequently identified in breast cancer. The frequency of missense mutations is higher in the non-GC group, as the age at diagnosis in this group. Moreover, the predominant CDH1 mutation affects the extracellular domain. Our data suggest that CDH1 genetic testing should be considered also in other cancers, especially breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Massari
- Division of Breast Surgery, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 20141 Milan, Italy; (G.M.); (F.M.); (G.F.); (N.P.); (P.V.)
| | - Francesca Magnoni
- Division of Breast Surgery, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 20141 Milan, Italy; (G.M.); (F.M.); (G.F.); (N.P.); (P.V.)
| | - Giorgio Favia
- Division of Breast Surgery, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 20141 Milan, Italy; (G.M.); (F.M.); (G.F.); (N.P.); (P.V.)
| | - Nickolas Peradze
- Division of Breast Surgery, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 20141 Milan, Italy; (G.M.); (F.M.); (G.F.); (N.P.); (P.V.)
| | - Paolo Veronesi
- Division of Breast Surgery, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 20141 Milan, Italy; (G.M.); (F.M.); (G.F.); (N.P.); (P.V.)
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Corso
- Division of Breast Surgery, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 20141 Milan, Italy; (G.M.); (F.M.); (G.F.); (N.P.); (P.V.)
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-94375161
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6
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Masiero M, Busacchio D, Guiddi P, Arnaboldi P, Musi G, De Cobelli O, Didier F, Pravettoni G. Quality of life and psycho-emotional wellbeing in bladder cancer patients and their caregivers: a comparative analysis between urostomy versus ileal orthotopic neobladder. Ecancermedicalscience 2021; 15:1163. [PMID: 33680077 PMCID: PMC7929779 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2021.1163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of neobladder and urostomy on bladder cancer patient's health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) is controversial and many issues currently remain under-investigated. Initial studies pointed out that the emotional responses of caregivers might be 'contagious', influencing emotional reactions in bladder cancer patients undergoing radical cystectomy. METHODS Three hundred and eighty-two bladder cancer patients (aged M = 67.29 years; SD = 9.23) (16.9% (65) were female and 82.9% (319) were male) and their caregivers were enrolled. Data were collected prospectively: at T0 (1 month before the surgery), at T1 (2 weeks after the surgery, at patient discharge from the hospital) and at T2 (6-month follow-up). At each time point (T0, T1 and T2), a set of questionnaires (EORT QLQ-C30 and emotion thermometer) were given to patients and their caregivers. RESULTS All patients reported a general improvement in the HR-QoL and global health status/QoL from T0 to T2 (p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed between neobladder and urostomy. At T0, the emotional thermometer total scoring in caregivers was positive in relation to HR-QoL (p < 0.001) and negative in relation to the patient's perception of QoL (p < 0.001) and global health (p < 0.001). Similar trends were observed at T1 and T2. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that patients and their caregiver's emotional reactions to cancer are deep-rooted and strongly interconnected, and they provide innovative insights for the clinical management of bladder cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Masiero
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Derna Busacchio
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Guiddi
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Arnaboldi
- Medical Psychiatry and Medical Psychology Service, Cantonal Socio-Psychiatric Organisation (OSC), Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Gennaro Musi
- Unit of Neoplasms of the Male Genital Apparatus, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Ottavio De Cobelli
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Florence Didier
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pravettoni
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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7
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Masiero M, Keyworth H, Pravettoni G, Cropley M, Bailey A. Short Bouts of Physical Activity Are Associated with Reduced Smoking Withdrawal Symptoms, but Perceptions of Intensity May Be the Key. Healthcare (Basel) 2020; 8:E425. [PMID: 33114145 PMCID: PMC7712184 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8040425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a short bout (10 min) of moderate-intensity exercise to reduce withdrawal symptomatology, craving and negative affect; while the secondary aim was to assess how the effectiveness of a short bout of moderate exercise can be modulated by the perception of intensity in physically active and low-activity smokers. Fifty low-activity and physically active smokers were recruited (24 male and 26 female) and randomized in three different conditions. Prescribed (objective) moderate intensity (OBJ) and perceived moderate intensity (PER), and passive waiting (PW). After the intervention (T3), smokers reported less desire to smoke in the PER (p < 0.001) and OBJ (p < 0.001) conditions, relative to the PW condition. At T3 smokers in the PER condition reported less negative affect than smokers in the PW condition relative to the baseline (T1) (p < 0.007). Further, smokers in the PER condition reported less negative affect than smokers in the PW condition (p < 0.048). Physically active (PA) smokers perceived less exertion than low-activity (LA) smokers, and the effects were stronger in the PER condition relative to OBJ. Generally, our results suggest that a short bout of moderate exercise helps both LA and PA smokers. These findings provided a novel insight into the psychological mechanisms that affect the efficacy of the exercise in smoking cessation and suggest that exercise should be tailored according to individual perception of intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Masiero
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy;
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Helen Keyworth
- School of Biosciences & Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK;
| | - Gabriella Pravettoni
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy;
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Mark Cropley
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey GU2 7YH, UK;
| | - Alexis Bailey
- School of Biosciences & Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK;
- Institute of Medical and Biomedical Education, St George’s University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
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8
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Lucchiari C, Masiero M, Mazzocco K, Veronesi G, Maisonneuve P, Jemos C, Omodeo Salè E, Spina S, Bertolotti R, Pravettoni G. Benefits of e-cigarettes in smoking reduction and in pulmonary health among chronic smokers undergoing a lung cancer screening program at 6 months. Addict Behav 2020; 103:106222. [PMID: 31838445 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) might be a valid and safe device to support smoking cessation. However, the available evidence is divergent. The aim of the present work was to assess the effects of an e-cigarette program on pulmonary health (cough, breath shortness, catarrh) and to evaluate the effectiveness of e-cigarettes in reducing tobacco consumption. METHODS The study is a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Two hundred and ten smokers were randomized into three groups: nicotine e-cigarette (8 mg/mL nicotine concentration), nicotine-free e-cigarettes (placebo), and control with 1:1:1 ratio. All participants received a 3 months cessation program that included a cognitive-behavioral intervention aimed at supporting people in changing their behavior and improving motivation to quit. RESULTS Pulmonary health, assessed with self-reported measures, clinical evaluations and the Leicester Cough Questionnaire, improved in participants who stopped smoking compared to their own baseline. No differences in pulmonary health were found between groups. Statistical tests showed a significant effect of Group (F (2, 118) = 4.005, p < .020) on daily cigarette consumption: after 6 months participants in the nicotine e-cigarette group smoked fewer cigarettes than any other group. Moreover, participants in this group showed the lowest level of exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) (M = 12.012, S.D. = 8.130), and the lowest level of dependence (M = 3.12, S.D. = 2.29) compared to the nicotine-free e-cigarette and control conditions. CONCLUSIONS After 6 months about 20% of the entire sample stopped smoking. Participants who used e-cigarettes with nicotine smoked fewer tobacco cigarettes than any other group after 6 months (p < .020). Our data add to the efficacy and safety of e-cigarettes in helping smokers reducing tobacco consumption and improving pulmonary health status.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marianna Masiero
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan 20141, Italy.
| | - Ketti Mazzocco
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan 20141, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Veronesi
- Humanitas Research Hospital, Division of Thoracic and General Surgery, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrick Maisonneuve
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan 20141, Italy
| | - Costantino Jemos
- Division of Pharmacy, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan 20141, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Spina
- Humanitas Research Hospital, Division of Thoracic and General Surgery, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Bertolotti
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan 20141, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pravettoni
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan 20141, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Masiero M, Oliveri S, Cutica I, Monzani D, Faccio F, Mazzocco K, Pravettoni G. The psychometric properties of the Italian adaptation of the Health Orientation Scale (HOS). Health Qual Life Outcomes 2020; 18:69. [PMID: 32169082 PMCID: PMC7071689 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-020-01298-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A novel approach suggested that cognitive and dispositional features may explain in depth the health behaviors adoption and the adherence to prevention programs. The Health Orientation Scale (HOS) has been extensively used to map the adoption of health and unhealthy behaviors according to cognitive and dispositional features. Coherently, the main aim of the current research was to assess the factor structure of the Italian version of the HOS using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and testing the construct validity of the scale by assessing differences in health orientations between tobacco cigarette smokers and nonsmokers. Method The research protocol was organized in two studies. Study 1 evaluated the dimensionality of the HOS in a sample of Northern Italian healthy people. Three hundred and twenty-one participants were enrolled; they were 229 women (71.3%) and 92 men (28.7%). In Study 2, the factor structure and construct validity of the HOS Italian version was assessed trough confirmatory factor analysis using a tobacco cigarette smokers and nonsmokers population. Two hundred and nineteen participants were enrolled; they were 164 women (75.2%) and 55 men (24.8%). Results In Study 1, a seven factors solution was obtained explaining 60% of cumulative variance instead of 10 factors solution of the original version of the HOS. In Study 2, the factor structure of the Italian version of the HOS was confirmed and applied to the smokers and nonsmokers; nonsmokers reported higher values than smokers in Factor 1 (MHPP) [t (208) = − 2.739 p < .007] (CI 95–4.96% to −.809), Factor 2 (HES) [t (209) = − 3.387 p < .001] (CI 95–3.93% to -. 1.03), Factor 3 (HIC) [t(213) = − 2.468 p < .014] (CI 95–2.56% to −.28) and Factor 7 (HEX) [t(217) = − 3.451 p < .001] (CI 95%- 1.45 to .39). Conclusions Results of the Italian adaptation of HOS lead to a partial redistribution of items and confirmed 7 subscales to distinguish psycho-cognitive dispositional dimensions involved in health orientation styles.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Masiero
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Festa del Perdono 7, Milan, Italy. .,Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, IRCSS, Milan, Italy.
| | - S Oliveri
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, IRCSS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - I Cutica
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, IRCSS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - D Monzani
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, IRCSS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - F Faccio
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, IRCSS, Milan, Italy
| | - K Mazzocco
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, IRCSS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - G Pravettoni
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, IRCSS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Masiero M, Cropley M, Pravettoni G. Increasing Smoking Cessation Adherence: Do We Need to Consider the Role of Executive Function and Rumination? EUROPES JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 16:1-11. [PMID: 33680166 PMCID: PMC7913029 DOI: 10.5964/ejop.v16i1.2279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite the cost and health consequences, a large number of people continue to smoke cigarettes worldwide every day. Notwithstanding, there have been a number of interventions to help people stop smoking but, in general, these have produced only limited success, and better interventions are needed. Accruing evidence affirmed that rumination and executive function play a pivotal role in cigarette smoking behavior, and in this editorial, we describe and discuss the key findings between these constructs and smoking, and argue that an impairment in executive functions does not act alone, but interacts with rumination by directing attention to depressive thoughts, thereby reducing the ability of smokers to engage in constructive behaviors, such as quitting smoking. Finally, we offer a new theory-driven model based on a deep understanding of the interactions between executive functions and rumination and potential moderator effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Masiero
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Mark Cropley
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriella Pravettoni
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Masiero M, Lucchiari C, Maisonneuve P, Pravettoni G, Veronesi G, Mazzocco K. The Attentional Bias in Current and Former Smokers. Front Behav Neurosci 2019; 13:154. [PMID: 31354446 PMCID: PMC6637300 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Attentional bias has been defined as the propensity of a person to allocate selective attention automatically to salient cues (Field and Powell, 2007). In the case of smoking, this bias implies that smokers are implicitly attracted by smoking-related stimuli, which produce behavioral, memory, and emotional effects (Volkow et al., 2006; Giardini et al., 2009). In more detail, scientific evidence pointed out that smoking is strongly supported by attentional bias that activates craving and urgency to smoke a cigarette. However, poor and conflicting data are available regarding the role of this cognitive bias on former smokers. The main aim of this study is to explore the occurrence of the attentional bias on of both current and former smokers, also with the aim to identify associations with behavioral, psychological and cognitive characteristic of participants. We collected data on 245 current, volunteers (male 50.6%; female 49.4%) aged 54.81 (SD = 14.352, range = 18–63), divided in current smokers (98), former smokers (102) and non-smokers (45). A combination of neuropsychology tests (Emotional Smoke Stroop Task and Go/no-Go task), and standardized questionnaires [Behavioral Inhibition System-Behavioral Approach System (BIS-BAS), Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Motivational questionnaire] were used to assess the attentional bias, psychological variables, and smoking-related characteristics. Responses at the Emotional Smoke Stroop task revealed that current and former smokers are actually slower than non-smokers are when facing smoking cues, while performances at other Stroop conditions and at the Go/no-Go task are not statistically different. These results confirmed the occurrence of the attentional bias in current smokers, and above all points out that the same effect is present in former smokers. We found only small and selective correlations between attentional bias and psychological variables (e.g., impulsiveness and inhibition). In particular, impulsivity is not directly associated with the AB intensity. Also, smoking characteristics (e.g., years of smoking and dependence level) and the length of the period of abstinence do not seem to modulate implicit cognition of smoking cue. Our data support the idea that the attentional bias may be considered relevant in sustaining smoking and favoring relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Masiero
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (DIBIC), Luigi Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCSS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Patrick Maisonneuve
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCSS, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pravettoni
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCSS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Emato-Oncology (DIPO), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Veronesi
- Division of Thoracic and General Surgery, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Ketti Mazzocco
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCSS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Emato-Oncology (DIPO), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Masiero M, Lucchiari C, Mazzocco K, Veronesi G, Maisonneuve P, Jemos C, Salè EO, Spina S, Bertolotti R, Pravettoni G. E-cigarettes May Support Smokers With High Smoking-Related Risk Awareness to Stop Smoking in the Short Run: Preliminary Results by Randomized Controlled Trial. Nicotine Tob Res 2018; 21:119-126. [DOI: 10.1093/ntr/nty047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Masiero
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Ketti Mazzocco
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Veronesi
- Humanitas Research Hospital, Division of Thoracic and General Surgery, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrick Maisonneuve
- European Institute of Oncology, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Milan, Italy
| | - Costantino Jemos
- European Institute of Oncology, Division of Pharmacy, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Spina
- Humanitas Research Hospital, Division of Thoracic and General Surgery, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gabriella Pravettoni
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
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Health Orientation, Knowledge, and Attitudes toward Genetic Testing and Personalized Genomic Services: Preliminary Data from an Italian Sample. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:6824581. [PMID: 28105428 PMCID: PMC5220460 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6824581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective. The study aims at assessing personality tendencies and orientations that could be closely correlated with knowledge, awareness, and interest toward undergoing genetic testing. Methods. A sample of 145 subjects in Italy completed an online survey, investigating demographic data, health orientation, level of perceived knowledge about genetic risk, genetic screening, and personal attitudes toward direct to consumer genetic testing (DTCGT). Results. Results showed that respondents considered genetic assessment to be helpful for disease prevention, but they were concerned that results could affect their life planning with little clinical utility. Furthermore, a very high percentage of respondents (67%) had never heard about genetic testing directly available to the public. Data showed that personality tendencies, such as personal health consciousness, health internal control, health esteem, and confidence, motivation to avoid unhealthiness and motivation for healthiness affected the uptake of genetic information and the interest in undergoing genetic testing. Conclusions. Public knowledge and attitudes toward genetic risk and genetic testing among European countries, along with individual personality and psychological tendencies that could affect these attitudes, remain unexplored. The present study constitutes one of the first attempts to investigate how such personality tendencies could motivation to undergo genetic testing and engagement in lifestyle changes.
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Masiero M, Riva S, Oliveri S, Fioretti C, Pravettoni G. Optimistic bias in young adults for cancer, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases: A pilot study on smokers and drinkers. J Health Psychol 2016; 23:645-656. [PMID: 27624614 DOI: 10.1177/1359105316667796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimistic bias defines the tendency for human beings to underrate risk when it pertains to themselves compared with their view of risk pertaining to other people in the same conditions. The aim of this work is to investigate the optimistic bias in risk perception and health-related behaviours for three specific conditions in a young adult sample: cancer, respiratory disorders and cardiovascular diseases. Young adults showed an optimistic bias related to cancer, and to cardiovascular diseases. Our findings suggest that optimistic bias is linked to specific behavioural patterns, largely widespread in young adults, such as tobacco cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Masiero
- 1 University of Milan, Italy.,2 European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Italy
| | - Silvia Riva
- 1 University of Milan, Italy.,2 European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Italy
| | - Serena Oliveri
- 1 University of Milan, Italy.,2 European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Italy
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