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Hintz F, Shkaravska O, Dijkhuis M, van 't Hoff V, Huijsmans M, van Dongen RCA, Voeteé LAB, Trilsbeek P, McQueen JM, Meyer AS. IDLaS-NL - A platform for running customized studies on individual differences in Dutch language skills via the Internet. Behav Res Methods 2024; 56:2422-2436. [PMID: 37749421 PMCID: PMC10991024 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-023-02156-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
We introduce the Individual Differences in Language Skills (IDLaS-NL) web platform, which enables users to run studies on individual differences in Dutch language skills via the Internet. IDLaS-NL consists of 35 behavioral tests, previously validated in participants aged between 18 and 30 years. The platform provides an intuitive graphical interface for users to select the tests they wish to include in their research, to divide these tests into different sessions and to determine their order. Moreover, for standardized administration the platform provides an application (an emulated browser) wherein the tests are run. Results can be retrieved by mouse click in the graphical interface and are provided as CSV file output via e-mail. Similarly, the graphical interface enables researchers to modify and delete their study configurations. IDLaS-NL is intended for researchers, clinicians, educators and in general anyone conducting fundamental research into language and general cognitive skills; it is not intended for diagnostic purposes. All platform services are free of charge. Here, we provide a description of its workings as well as instructions for using the platform. The IDLaS-NL platform can be accessed at www.mpi.nl/idlas-nl .
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Hintz
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, P.O. Box 310, Nijmegen, 6500, AH, The Netherlands.
- Deutscher Sprachatlas, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Olha Shkaravska
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, P.O. Box 310, Nijmegen, 6500, AH, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolijn Dijkhuis
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, P.O. Box 310, Nijmegen, 6500, AH, The Netherlands
| | - Vera van 't Hoff
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, P.O. Box 310, Nijmegen, 6500, AH, The Netherlands
| | - Milou Huijsmans
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, P.O. Box 310, Nijmegen, 6500, AH, The Netherlands
| | - Robert C A van Dongen
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, P.O. Box 310, Nijmegen, 6500, AH, The Netherlands
| | - Levi A B Voeteé
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, P.O. Box 310, Nijmegen, 6500, AH, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Trilsbeek
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, P.O. Box 310, Nijmegen, 6500, AH, The Netherlands
| | - James M McQueen
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, P.O. Box 310, Nijmegen, 6500, AH, The Netherlands
- Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Antje S Meyer
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, P.O. Box 310, Nijmegen, 6500, AH, The Netherlands
- Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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2
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Gimeno-Martínez M, Baus C. Characterizing language production across modalities. Cogn Neuropsychol 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38377394 DOI: 10.1080/02643294.2024.2315823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACTThis study investigates factors influencing lexical access in language production across modalities (signed and oral). Data from deaf and hearing signers were reanalyzed (Baus and Costa, 2015, On the temporal dynamics of sign production: An ERP study in Catalan Sign Language (LSC). Brain Research, 1609(1), 40-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2015.03.013; Gimeno-Martínez and Baus, 2022, Iconicity in sign language production: Task matters. Neuropsychologia, 167, 108166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2022.108166) testing the influence of psycholinguistic variables and ERP mean amplitudes on signing and naming latencies. Deaf signers' signing latencies were influenced by sign iconicity in the picture signing task, and by spoken psycholinguistic variables in the word-to-sign translation task. Additionally, ERP amplitudes before response influenced signing but not translation latencies. Hearing signers' latencies, both signing and naming, were influenced by sign iconicity and word frequency, with early ERP amplitudes predicting only naming latencies. These findings highlight general and modality-specific determinants of lexical access in language production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Gimeno-Martínez
- Department of Cognition, Development and Educational Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Baus
- Department of Cognition, Development and Educational Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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3
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Hintz F, McQueen JM, Meyer AS. Using Psychometric Network Analysis to Examine the Components of Spoken Word Recognition. J Cogn 2024; 7:10. [PMID: 38223231 PMCID: PMC10786093 DOI: 10.5334/joc.340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Using language requires access to domain-specific linguistic representations, but also draws on domain-general cognitive skills. A key issue in current psycholinguistics is to situate linguistic processing in the network of human cognitive abilities. Here, we focused on spoken word recognition and used an individual differences approach to examine the links of scores in word recognition tasks with scores on tasks capturing effects of linguistic experience, general processing speed, working memory, and non-verbal reasoning. 281 young native speakers of Dutch completed an extensive test battery assessing these cognitive skills. We used psychometric network analysis to map out the direct links between the scores, that is, the unique variance between pairs of scores, controlling for variance shared with the other scores. The analysis revealed direct links between word recognition skills and processing speed. We discuss the implications of these results and the potential of psychometric network analysis for studying language processing and its embedding in the broader cognitive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Hintz
- Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - James M. McQueen
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Antje S. Meyer
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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4
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Alhamdan AA, Murphy MJ, Crewther SG. Visual Motor Reaction Times Predict Receptive and Expressive Language Development in Early School-Age Children. Brain Sci 2023; 13:965. [PMID: 37371443 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13060965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Proficiency of multisensory processing and motor skill are often associated with early cognitive, social, and language development. However, little research exists regarding the relationship between multisensory motor reaction times (MRTs) to auditory, visual and audiovisual stimuli, and classical measures of receptive language and expressive vocabulary development in school-age children. Thus, this study aimed to examine the concurrent development of performance in classical tests of receptive (Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test; abbreviated as PPVT) and expressive vocabulary (Expressive Vocabulary Test; abbreviated as EVT), nonverbal intelligence (NVIQ) (determined with the aid of Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices; abbreviated as RCPM), speed of visual-verbal processing in the Rapid Automatic Naming (RAN) test, Eye-Hand Co-ordination (EHC) in the SLURP task, and multisensory MRTs, in children (n = 75), aged between 5 and 10 years. Bayesian statistical analysis showed evidence for age group differences in EVT performance, while PPVT was only different for the youngest group of children aged 5-6, supporting different developmental trajectories in vocabulary acquisition. Bayesian correlations revealed evidence for associations between age, NVIQ, and vocabulary measures, with decisive evidence and a higher correlation (r = 0.57 to 0.68) between EVT, MRT tasks, and EHC visuomotor processing. This was further supported by regression analyses indicating that EVT performance was the strongest unique predictor of multisensory MRTs, EHC, and RAN time. Additionally, visual MRTs were found to predict both receptive and expressive vocabulary. The findings of the study have important implications as accessible school-based assessments of the concurrent development of NVIQ, language, and multisensory processing; and hence as rapid and timely measures of developmental and neurodevelopmental status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areej A Alhamdan
- Department of Psychology, Counselling and Therapy, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
- Department of Psychology, Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | - Melanie J Murphy
- Department of Psychology, Counselling and Therapy, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Sheila G Crewther
- Department of Psychology, Counselling and Therapy, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia
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5
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Aarts E, Akkerman A, Altgassen M, Bartels R, Beckers D, Bevelander K, Bijleveld E, Blaney Davidson E, Boleij A, Bralten J, Cillessen T, Claassen J, Cools R, Cornelissen I, Dresler M, Eijsvogels T, Faber M, Fernández G, Figner B, Fritsche M, Füllbrunn S, Gayet S, van Gelder MMHJ, van Gerven M, Geurts S, Greven CU, Groefsema M, Haak K, Hagoort P, Hartman Y, van der Heijden B, Hermans E, Heuvelmans V, Hintz F, den Hollander J, Hulsman AM, Idesis S, Jaeger M, Janse E, Janzing J, Kessels RPC, Karremans JC, de Kleijn W, Klein M, Klumpers F, Kohn N, Korzilius H, Krahmer B, de Lange F, van Leeuwen J, Liu H, Luijten M, Manders P, Manevska K, Marques JP, Matthews J, McQueen JM, Medendorp P, Melis R, Meyer A, Oosterman J, Overbeek L, Peelen M, Popma J, Postma G, Roelofs K, van Rossenberg YGT, Schaap G, Scheepers P, Selen L, Starren M, Swinkels DW, Tendolkar I, Thijssen D, Timmerman H, Tutunji R, Tuladhar A, Veling H, Verhagen M, Verkroost J, Vink J, Vriezekolk V, Vrijsen J, Vyrastekova J, van der Wal S, Willems R, Willemsen A. Protocol of the Healthy Brain Study: An accessible resource for understanding the human brain and how it dynamically and individually operates in its bio-social context. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260952. [PMID: 34965252 PMCID: PMC8716054 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The endeavor to understand the human brain has seen more progress in the last few decades than in the previous two millennia. Still, our understanding of how the human brain relates to behavior in the real world and how this link is modulated by biological, social, and environmental factors is limited. To address this, we designed the Healthy Brain Study (HBS), an interdisciplinary, longitudinal, cohort study based on multidimensional, dynamic assessments in both the laboratory and the real world. Here, we describe the rationale and design of the currently ongoing HBS. The HBS is examining a population-based sample of 1,000 healthy participants (age 30–39) who are thoroughly studied across an entire year. Data are collected through cognitive, affective, behavioral, and physiological testing, neuroimaging, bio-sampling, questionnaires, ecological momentary assessment, and real-world assessments using wearable devices. These data will become an accessible resource for the scientific community enabling the next step in understanding the human brain and how it dynamically and individually operates in its bio-social context. An access procedure to the collected data and bio-samples is in place and published on https://www.healthybrainstudy.nl/en/data-and-methods/access. Trail registration:https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/7955.
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Affiliation(s)
- Healthy Brain Study consortium
- Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Esther Aarts
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Agnes Akkerman
- Institute for Management Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ronald Bartels
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Debby Beckers
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Erik Bijleveld
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Janita Bralten
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Toon Cillessen
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jurgen Claassen
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roshan Cools
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Martin Dresler
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Myrthe Faber
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Guillén Fernández
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Bernd Figner
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias Fritsche
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sascha Füllbrunn
- Institute for Management Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Surya Gayet
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marcel van Gerven
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine Geurts
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Corina U. Greven
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martine Groefsema
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Koen Haak
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Hagoort
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Hartman
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Erno Hermans
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Florian Hintz
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Anneloes M. Hulsman
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Idesis
- Center for Brain and Cognition, University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Martin Jaeger
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Esther Janse
- Centre for Language Studies, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joost Janzing
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roy P. C. Kessels
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Johan C. Karremans
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Willemien de Kleijn
- School of Psychology and Artificial Intelligence, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke Klein
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Floris Klumpers
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nils Kohn
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hubert Korzilius
- Institute for Management Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bas Krahmer
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Floris de Lange
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Judith van Leeuwen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Huaiyu Liu
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maartje Luijten
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peggy Manders
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Katerina Manevska
- Institute for Management Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - José P. Marques
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jon Matthews
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - James M. McQueen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter Medendorp
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - René Melis
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Antje Meyer
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joukje Oosterman
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lucy Overbeek
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marius Peelen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jean Popma
- Interdisciplinary Hub for Security, Privacy and Data Governance, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Geert Postma
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Karin Roelofs
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Gabi Schaap
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Scheepers
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Luc Selen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marianne Starren
- Centre for Language Studies, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Indira Tendolkar
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dick Thijssen
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Timmerman
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rayyan Tutunji
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anil Tuladhar
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Harm Veling
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike Verhagen
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jacqueline Vink
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Janna Vrijsen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jana Vyrastekova
- Institute for Management Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Roel Willems
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Centre for Language Studies, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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6
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Josserand M, Allassonnière-Tang M, Pellegrino F, Dediu D. Interindividual Variation Refuses to Go Away: A Bayesian Computer Model of Language Change in Communicative Networks. Front Psychol 2021; 12:626118. [PMID: 34234707 PMCID: PMC8257003 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.626118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Treating the speech communities as homogeneous entities is not an accurate representation of reality, as it misses some of the complexities of linguistic interactions. Inter-individual variation and multiple types of biases are ubiquitous in speech communities, regardless of their size. This variation is often neglected due to the assumption that “majority rules,” and that the emerging language of the community will override any such biases by forcing the individuals to overcome their own biases, or risk having their use of language being treated as “idiosyncratic” or outright “pathological.” In this paper, we use computer simulations of Bayesian linguistic agents embedded in communicative networks to investigate how biased individuals, representing a minority of the population, interact with the unbiased majority, how a shared language emerges, and the dynamics of these biases across time. We tested different network sizes (from very small to very large) and types (random, scale-free, and small-world), along with different strengths and types of bias (modeled through the Bayesian prior distribution of the agents and the mechanism used for generating utterances: either sampling from the posterior distribution [“sampler”] or picking the value with the maximum probability [“MAP”]). The results show that, while the biased agents, even when being in the minority, do adapt their language by going against their a priori preferences, they are far from being swamped by the majority, and instead the emergent shared language of the whole community is influenced by their bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Josserand
- Laboratoire Dynamique Du Langage UMR 5596, Université Lumière Lyon 2, Lyon, France
| | | | - François Pellegrino
- Laboratoire Dynamique Du Langage UMR 5596, Université Lumière Lyon 2, Lyon, France
| | - Dan Dediu
- Laboratoire Dynamique Du Langage UMR 5596, Université Lumière Lyon 2, Lyon, France
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7
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Korko M, Coulson M, Jones A, de Mornay Davies P. Types of interference and their resolution in monolingual word production. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2021; 214:103251. [PMID: 33485153 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2021.103251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that speakers recruit inhibitory control in situations of high within-language interference, e.g., when selecting from among competing lexical entries or when tailoring utterances to the communicative needs of the addressee. However, little is known about the types of cognitive control mechanisms that are involved in the speech production process. This study examines the relative contribution of various forms of interference arising at different stages of information processing as well as their control to object naming under conditions of prepotent and underdetermined competition. Eighty-nine unimpaired native English speakers completed three inhibitory control tasks (arrow flanker, Simon arrow and anti-saccade) and two object naming tasks (picture-word interference, PWI, and name agreement, NA). Analyses of mean RT and RT distribution (delta plots) showed that only the flanker effect was a significant predictor of the PWI but not NA effect, while the remaining inhibitory measures made no significant contribution to either the PWI or NA effect. Participants with smaller flanker effects, indicative of better resolution of representational conflict, were faster to name objects in the face of competing stimuli. The pattern of results suggests that delays in production can be an outcome of inefficient resolution of interference traced to intermediate rather than late stages of processing, at least as far as the PWI task is concerned.
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8
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Jongman SR, Khoe YH, Hintz F. Vocabulary Size Influences Spontaneous Speech in Native Language Users: Validating the Use of Automatic Speech Recognition in Individual Differences Research. LANGUAGE AND SPEECH 2021; 64:35-51. [PMID: 32223517 DOI: 10.1177/0023830920911079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Previous research has shown that vocabulary size affects performance on laboratory word production tasks. Individuals who know many words show faster lexical access and retrieve more words belonging to pre-specified categories than individuals who know fewer words. The present study examined the relationship between receptive vocabulary size and speaking skills as assessed in a natural sentence production task. We asked whether measures derived from spontaneous responses to everyday questions correlate with the size of participants' vocabulary. Moreover, we assessed the suitability of automatic speech recognition (ASR) for the analysis of participants' responses in complex language production data. We found that vocabulary size predicted indices of spontaneous speech: individuals with a larger vocabulary produced more words and had a higher speech-silence ratio compared to individuals with a smaller vocabulary. Importantly, these relationships were reliably identified using manual and automated transcription methods. Taken together, our results suggest that spontaneous speech elicitation is a useful method to investigate natural language production and that automatic speech recognition can alleviate the burden of labor-intensive speech transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne R Jongman
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Yung Han Khoe
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Florian Hintz
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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9
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The Dutch Auditory & Image Vocabulary Test (DAIVT): A New Dutch Receptive Vocabulary Test for Students. Psychol Belg 2021; 61:1-17. [PMID: 33552531 PMCID: PMC7824982 DOI: 10.5334/pb.552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We introduce a new Dutch receptive vocabulary test, the Dutch auditory & image vocabulary test (DAIVT). The test is multiple choice and assesses vocabulary knowledge for spoken words. The measure has an online (available at https://tpsurvey.ugent.be/limesurvey315/index.php/923234?lang=nl) format, has free access, and allows easy data collection. The test was developed with the intent to enable testing for research purposes with university students. This paper describes the test construction. We cover three phases: 1) collecting stimulus materials and developing the test’s first version, 2) an exploratory item-analysis on the first draft (n = 93), and 3) validating the test (both the second and the final version) by comparing it to two existing tests (n = 270, n = 157). The results indicate that the test is reliable and correlates well with existing Dutch receptive vocabulary tests (convergent validity). The final version of the DAIVT comprises 90 test items and 1 practice item. It can be used freely for research purposes.
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10
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Eekhof LS, Kuijpers MM, Faber M, Gao X, Mak M, van den Hoven E, Willems RM. Lost in a Story, Detached from the Words. DISCOURSE PROCESSES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/0163853x.2020.1857619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lynn S. Eekhof
- Centre for Language Studies, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Myrthe Faber
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Communication and Cognition, Tilburg Center for Cognition and Communication, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Xin Gao
- Centre for Language Studies, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marloes Mak
- Centre for Language Studies, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Roel M. Willems
- Centre for Language Studies, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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11
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Recognition times for 62 thousand English words: Data from the English Crowdsourcing Project. Behav Res Methods 2020; 52:741-760. [PMID: 31368025 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-019-01272-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We present a new dataset of English word recognition times for a total of 62 thousand words, called the English Crowdsourcing Project. The data were collected via an internet vocabulary test in which more than one million people participated. The present dataset is limited to native English speakers. Participants were asked to indicate which words they knew. Their response times were registered, although at no point were the participants asked to respond as quickly as possible. Still, the response times correlate around .75 with the response times of the English Lexicon Project for the shared words. Also, the results of virtual experiments indicate that the new response times are a valid addition to the English Lexicon Project. This not only means that we have useful response times for some 35 thousand extra words, but we now also have data on differences in response latencies as a function of education and age.
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12
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Hintz F, Dijkhuis M, van 't Hoff V, McQueen JM, Meyer AS. A behavioural dataset for studying individual differences in language skills. Sci Data 2020; 7:429. [PMID: 33293542 PMCID: PMC7722889 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-020-00758-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This resource contains data from 112 Dutch adults (18-29 years of age) who completed the Individual Differences in Language Skills test battery that included 33 behavioural tests assessing language skills and domain-general cognitive skills likely involved in language tasks. The battery included tests measuring linguistic experience (e.g. vocabulary size, prescriptive grammar knowledge), general cognitive skills (e.g. working memory, non-verbal intelligence) and linguistic processing skills (word production/comprehension, sentence production/comprehension). Testing was done in a lab-based setting resulting in high quality data due to tight monitoring of the experimental protocol and to the use of software and hardware that were optimized for behavioural testing. Each participant completed the battery twice (i.e., two test days of four hours each). We provide the raw data from all tests on both days as well as pre-processed data that were used to calculate various reliability measures (including internal consistency and test-retest reliability). We encourage other researchers to use this resource for conducting exploratory and/or targeted analyses of individual differences in language and general cognitive skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Hintz
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Vera van 't Hoff
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - James M McQueen
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Antje S Meyer
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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13
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Donnelly S, Kidd E. Individual differences in lexical processing efficiency and vocabulary in toddlers: A longitudinal investigation. J Exp Child Psychol 2020; 192:104781. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2019.104781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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Faber M, Mak M, Willems RM. Word skipping as an indicator of individual reading style during literary reading. J Eye Mov Res 2020; 13. [PMID: 33828800 PMCID: PMC7987350 DOI: 10.16910/jemr.13.3.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Decades of research have established that the content of language (e.g. lexical characteristics
of words) predicts eye movements during reading. Here we investigate whether there
exist individual differences in ‘stable’ eye movement patterns during narrative reading.
We computed Euclidean distances from correlations between gaze durations time courses
(word level) across 102 participants who each read three literary narratives in Dutch. The
resulting distance matrices were compared between narratives using a Mantel test. The results
show that correlations between the scaling matrices of different narratives are relatively
weak (r ≤ .11) when missing data points are ignored. However, when including
these data points as zero durations (i.e. skipped words), we found significant correlations
between stories (r > .51). Word skipping was significantly positively associated with print
exposure but not with self-rated attention and story-world absorption, suggesting that more
experienced readers are more likely to skip words, and do so in a comparable fashion. We
interpret this finding as suggesting that word skipping might be a stable individual eye
movement pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrthe Faber
- Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboudumc, The Netherlands
| | - Marloes Mak
- Centre for Language Studies, Radboud University, The Netherlands
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15
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Peter MS, Durrant S, Jessop A, Bidgood A, Pine JM, Rowland CF. Does speed of processing or vocabulary size predict later language growth in toddlers? Cogn Psychol 2019; 115:101238. [PMID: 31539813 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogpsych.2019.101238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
It is becoming increasingly clear that the way that children acquire cognitive representations depends critically on how their processing system is developing. In particular, recent studies suggest that individual differences in language processing speed play an important role in explaining the speed with which children acquire language. Inconsistencies across studies, however, mean that it is not clear whether this relationship is causal or correlational, whether it is present right across development, or whether it extends beyond word learning to affect other aspects of language learning, like syntax acquisition. To address these issues, the current study used the looking-while-listening paradigm devised by Fernald, Swingley, and Pinto (2001) to test the speed with which a large longitudinal cohort of children (the Language 0-5 Project) processed language at 19, 25, and 31 months of age, and took multiple measures of vocabulary (UK-CDI, Lincoln CDI, CDI-III) and syntax (Lincoln CDI) between 8 and 37 months of age. Processing speed correlated with vocabulary size - though this relationship changed over time, and was observed only when there was variation in how well the items used in the looking-while-listening task were known. Fast processing speed was a positive predictor of subsequent vocabulary growth, but only for children with smaller vocabularies. Faster processing speed did, however, predict faster syntactic growth across the whole sample, even when controlling for concurrent vocabulary. The results indicate a relatively direct relationship between processing speed and syntactic development, but point to a more complex interaction between processing speed, vocabulary size and subsequent vocabulary growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle S Peter
- ESRC LuCiD Centre, Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK.
| | - Samantha Durrant
- ESRC LuCiD Centre, Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Andrew Jessop
- Language Development Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, the Netherlands
| | - Amy Bidgood
- School of Health and Society, University of Salford, UK
| | - Julian M Pine
- ESRC LuCiD Centre, Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Caroline F Rowland
- Language Development Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, the Netherlands; ESRC LuCiD Centre, Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, the Netherlands
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16
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Brysbaert M, Keuleers E, Mandera P. Recognition Times for 54 Thousand Dutch Words: Data from the Dutch Crowdsourcing Project. Psychol Belg 2019; 59:281-300. [PMID: 31367458 PMCID: PMC6659767 DOI: 10.5334/pb.491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a new database of Dutch word recognition times for a total of 54 thousand words, called the Dutch Crowdsourcing Project. The data were collected with an internet vocabulary test. The database is limited to native Dutch speakers. Participants were asked to indicate which words they knew. Their response times were registered, even though the participants were not asked to respond as fast as possible. Still, the response times correlate around .7 with the response times of the Dutch Lexicon Projects for shared words. Also results of virtual experiments indicate that the new response times are a valid addition to the Dutch Lexicon Projects. This not only means that we have useful response times for some 20 thousand extra words, but we now also have data on differences in response latencies as a function of education and age. The new data correspond better to word use in the Netherlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Brysbaert
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, BE
| | - Emmanuel Keuleers
- Department Cognitive Science and Artificial Intelligence, Tilburg University, NL
| | - Paweł Mandera
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, BE
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17
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Goldrick M, McClain R, Cibelli E, Adi Y, Gustafson E, Moers C, Keshet J. The influence of lexical selection disruptions on articulation. J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn 2019; 45:1107-1141. [PMID: 30024252 PMCID: PMC6339616 DOI: 10.1037/xlm0000633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Interactive models of language production predict that it should be possible to observe long-distance interactions; effects that arise at one level of processing influence multiple subsequent stages of representation and processing. We examine the hypothesis that disruptions arising in nonform-based levels of planning-specifically, lexical selection-should modulate articulatory processing. A novel automatic phonetic analysis method was used to examine productions in a paradigm yielding both general disruptions to formulation processes and, more specifically, overt errors during lexical selection. This analysis method allowed us to examine articulatory disruptions at multiple levels of analysis, from whole words to individual segments. Baseline performance by young adults was contrasted with young speakers' performance under time pressure (which previous work has argued increases interaction between planning and articulation) and performance by older adults (who may have difficulties inhibiting nontarget representations, leading to heightened interactive effects). The results revealed the presence of interactive effects. Our new analysis techniques revealed these effects were strongest in initial portions of responses, suggesting that speech is initiated as soon as the first segment has been planned. Interactive effects did not increase under response pressure, suggesting interaction between planning and articulation is relatively fixed. Unexpectedly, lexical selection disruptions appeared to yield some degree of facilitation in articulatory processing (possibly reflecting semantic facilitation of target retrieval) and older adults showed weaker, not stronger interactive effects (possibly reflecting weakened connections between lexical and form-level representations). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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18
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Which variables should be controlled for to investigate picture naming in adults? A Bayesian meta-analysis. Behav Res Methods 2018; 51:2533-2545. [DOI: 10.3758/s13428-018-1100-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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