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Li X, Liu Y, Rong F, Wang R, Li L, Wei R, Zhang S, Wan Y. Physical activity and social anxiety symptoms among Chinese college students: a serial mediation model of psychological resilience and sleep problems. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:440. [PMID: 39138553 PMCID: PMC11323702 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01937-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social anxiety symptoms are common and harmful psychological illness in college students. Although some studies have illustrated that physical activity could reduce social anxiety symptoms, the specific mechanism is still unclear. Based on theoretical studies on resilience and sleep, this study constructed a serial mediation model to explore whether they mediate between physical activity and social anxiety symptoms among college students. METHODS This study surveyed 9,530 college students from three colleges in China to explore the mediating effect of physical activity and sleep problems between physical activity and social anxiety symptoms. Participants were investigated with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Sleep-related problems, and the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale and the Social Phobia Scale. Correlations between variables were analysed using Pearson correlation analysis and mediation analyses were performed using SPSS PROCESS macro 3.3 software. RESULT The study found that physical activity was negatively associated with social anxiety symptoms and sleep problems, but positively with psychological resilience. After controlling for sociodemographic variables, physical activity can not only indirectly alleviate social anxiety symptoms through the separate mediation of psychological resilience and sleep problems, but also through the serial mediation of psychological resilience and sleep problems. CONCLUSION These results suggest that improving physical activity levels could reduce social anxiety scores by increasing psychological resilience and sleep quality. This is of great reference significance for the prevention and intervention of college students' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- School of Clinical Medical, Anqing Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Fan Rong
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenices, Anhui, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Teaching Affairs Office, Anqing Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Lanlan Li
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Runyu Wei
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenices, Anhui, China
| | - Shichen Zhang
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Anhui Medical College, No 632 Furong Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230601, China.
| | - Yuhui Wan
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, China.
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China.
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenices, Anhui, China.
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Srivastava AV, Brown R, Newport DJ, Rousseau JF, Wagner KD, Guzick A, Devargas C, Claassen C, Ugalde IT, Garrett A, Gushanas K, Liberzon I, Cisler JM, Nemeroff CB. The role of resilience in the development of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder after trauma in children and adolescents. Psychiatry Res 2024; 334:115772. [PMID: 38442477 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
This investigation, conducted within the Texas Childhood Trauma Research Network, investigated the prospective relationships between resiliency and emergent internalizing symptoms among trauma-exposed youth. The cohort encompassed 1262 youth, aged 8-20, from twelve health-related institutions across Texas, who completed assessments at baseline and one- and six-month follow-ups for resiliency, symptoms of depression, generalized anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and other demographic and clinical characteristics. At baseline, greater resilience was positively associated with older age, male (vs female) sex assigned at birth, and history of mental health treatment. Unadjusted for covariates, higher baseline resilience was associated with greater prospective depression and PTSD symptoms but not anxiety symptoms. Upon adjusting for demographic and clinical factors, higher baseline resilience was no longer associated with depression, PTSD, or anxiety symptoms. Our analyses demonstrate that the predictive value of resilience on psychopathology is relatively small compared to more readily observable clinical and demographic factors. These data suggest a relatively minor prospective role of resilience in protecting against internalizing symptoms among trauma-exposed youth and highlight the importance of controlling for relevant youth characteristics when investigating a protective effect of resilience on internalizing symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun V Srivastava
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Health Discovery Building, 1601 Trinity Blvd, Austin, TX 78701, USA
| | - Ryan Brown
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Health Discovery Building, 1601 Trinity Blvd, Austin, TX 78701, USA
| | - D Jeffrey Newport
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Health Discovery Building, 1601 Trinity Blvd, Austin, TX 78701, USA; Department of Women's Health, University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Justin F Rousseau
- Department of Population Health, University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Karen D Wagner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Andrew Guzick
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cecilia Devargas
- Department of Psychiatry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center - El Paso Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Cynthia Claassen
- Department of Psychiatry, JPS Health Network / University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Irma T Ugalde
- Department of Emergency Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Amy Garrett
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Kim Gushanas
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Israel Liberzon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Josh M Cisler
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Health Discovery Building, 1601 Trinity Blvd, Austin, TX 78701, USA.
| | - Charles B Nemeroff
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Health Discovery Building, 1601 Trinity Blvd, Austin, TX 78701, USA
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Jin Y, Xu S, Shao Z, Luo X, Wang Y, Yu Y, Wang Y. Discovery of depression-associated factors among childhood trauma victims from a large sample size: Using machine learning and network analysis. J Affect Disord 2024; 345:300-310. [PMID: 37865343 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experiences of childhood trauma (CT) would lead to serious mental problems, especially depression. Therefore, it becomes crucial to identify influential factors related to depression and explore their associations. The objectives were to 1) identify critical depression-related factors using the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) method from a large-scale survey data; 2) explore associations between these factors for targeted interventions and treatments. METHODS A large-scale epidemiological study covering 63 universities was conducted in Jilin Province, China. The XGBoost model was trained and tested to classify young adults with CT experiences who had or did not have depression (N = 27,671). The essential factors were selected by SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) value. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted for validation. The associations between these depression-related factors were further explored using network analysis. RESULTS The XGBoost model selected the top 10 features associated with depression with satisfactory performance (AUC = 0.91; sensitivity = 0.88 and specificity = 0.76). These factors significantly differed between depression and non-depression groups (p < 0.001). There are strong positive associations between anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), social anxiety disorder (SAD) and appearance anxiety, and negative associations between sleep quality and anxiety, sleep quality and PTSD among CT participants with depression. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional design cannot draw causality, and biases in self-report measurements cannot be ignored. CONCLUSIONS XGBoost model and network analysis were useful methods for discovering and understanding depression-related factors in this epidemiological study. Moreover, these essential factors could offer insights into future interventions and treatments for depressed young adults with CT experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jin
- College of Education for the Future, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shicun Xu
- Northeast Asian Research Center, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Department of Population, Resources and Environment, Northeast Asian Studies College, Jilin University, Changchun, China; China Center for Aging Studies and Social-Economic Development, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhixian Shao
- School of Statistics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianyu Luo
- College of Education for the Future, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yinzhe Wang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
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Mhlongo S, Seedat S, Jewkes R, Myers B, Chirwa E, Nöthling J, Lombard C, Peer N, Kengne A, Garcia-Moreno C, Dunkle K, Abrahams N. Depression and post-traumatic stress symptoms two years post-rape and the role of early counselling: Rape Impact Cohort Evaluation (RICE) study. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2023; 14:2237364. [PMID: 37642373 PMCID: PMC10467520 DOI: 10.1080/20008066.2023.2237364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Survivors of sexual violence are at higher risk of adverse mental health outcomes compared to those exposed to other interpersonal traumas.Objective: To examine the trajectory of both post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression as well as the role of early counselling over 24 months among rape survivors.Method: The South African Rape Impact Cohort Evaluation (RICE) study enrolled women aged 16-40 years attending post-rape care services within 20 days of a rape incident (n = 734), and a comparison group (n = 786) was recruited from primary health care. Women were followed for 24 months; the main study outcomes were depression and PTSD. Reports of early supportive counselling by the exposed group were also included. The analysis included an adjusted joint mixed model with linear splines to account for correlated observations between the outcomes.Results: At 24 months, 45.2% of the rape-exposed women met the cut-off for depression and 32.7% for PTSD. This was significantly higher than levels found among the unexposed. Although a decline in depression and PTSD was seen at 3 months among the women who reported a rape, mean scores remained stable thereafter. At 24 months mean depression scores remained above the depression cut-off (17.1) while mean PTSD scores declined below the PTSD cut-off (14.5). Early counselling was not associated with the trajectory of either depression or PTSD scores over the two years in rape-exposed women with both depression and PTSD persisting regardless of early counselling.Conclusion: The study findings highlight the importance to find and provide effective mental health interventions post-rape in South Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Mhlongo
- Gender & Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - S. Seedat
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African Research Chair in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council Unit on the Genomics of Brain Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - R. Jewkes
- Gender & Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- Office of the Executive Scientist, South African Medical Research Council, PretoriaSouth Africa
| | - B. Myers
- Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Drug Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- Curtin enAble Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - E. Chirwa
- Gender & Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - J. Nöthling
- Gender & Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - C. Lombard
- Biostatistics Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - N. Peer
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - A.P. Kengne
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - C. Garcia-Moreno
- Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization (WHO)Geneva, Switzerland
| | - K. Dunkle
- Gender & Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - N. Abrahams
- Gender & Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- School of Public Health and Family Medicine: Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Van der Watt ASJ, Dalvie N, Seedat S. Weekly telephone mood monitoring is associated with decreased suicidality and improved sleep quality in a clinical sample. Psychiatry Res 2022; 317:114821. [PMID: 36088835 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Sleep disturbances and suicidality are common presentations of mood and anxiety disorders. If not closely monitored post-discharge, patients may be at an increased risk of symptom worsening and completed suicide. We explored the associations between telephone mood monitoring, suicidality, and sleep quality in a clinical sample. Fifty inpatients (mean age = 39.49, SD = 11.17; female = 74%) with a mood and/or anxiety disorder were telephonically monitored weekly post-discharge for16 weeks for depression and mania. Suicidality and sleep quality were assessed at intake (pre-discharge), and at weeks 4, 8, 12, and 16 post-discharge. ANOVA indicated that suicidality significantly decreased, and sleep quality improved over 16 weeks. Linear regression analysis indicated that depression severity at week 1 post-discharge significantly predicted suicidality and sleep quality at week 16. Mania severity at week 1 post-discharge predicted sleep quality, but not suicidality, at week 16. Participants generally had positive experiences of the monitoring and perceived it as helpful. Monitoring of mood state, suicidality, and sleep quality post-discharge may allow for early detection of relapse when initiated at 1-week post-discharge. This is a potentially cost-effective intervention and may relieve the burden on the mental healthcare system, especially when face-to-face consultations are not possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S J Van der Watt
- Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Western Cape, South Africa.
| | - N Dalvie
- Department of Psychiatry, Lentegeur Hospital, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - S Seedat
- Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Western Cape, South Africa
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Aldemir E, Akyel B, Havaceligi Atlam D. Resilience and childhood trauma in a substance-dependent sample: A cross-sectional, controlled study. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2021.1961322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Aldemir
- Institute on Drug Abuse, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Betul Akyel
- Research and Application Center of Child and Adolescent Alcohol Drug Addiction, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Demet Havaceligi Atlam
- Institute on Drug Abuse, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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Socio-ecological Resilience Relates to Lower Internalizing Symptoms among Adolescents during the Strictest Period of COVID-19 Lockdown in Perú. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2022; 50:1429-1444. [PMID: 35675003 PMCID: PMC9174627 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-022-00928-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has touched the lives of adolescents around the world. This short-term longitudinal, observational study followed 1,334 adolescents (11–17 yo) to investigate whether social-ecological resilience relates to intra- and inter-personal resources and/or the caregiver relationship relates to changes in internalizing symptoms during five stressful weeks of COVID-19 lockdown in Perú. In this work, we contextualize social-ecological resilience in relation to culturally-relevant personal and caregiver resources that youth can use to adapt to stressful situations. We found that adolescents who reported higher levels of personal, caregiver, and overall resilience had lower levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms at week six. We also find that personal, caregiver, and overall resilience moderated the change in anxiety symptoms from week 6 to week 11 of lockdown in 2020. Our findings underscore the importance of social-ecological resilience related to both intra/interpersonal resources and the caregiver relationship for minimizing the harmful impacts of COVID-19 on adolescent internalizing symptoms.
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Xu Y, Wang Q, Zhang D, Lin P. The Influence of Sense of Place on Elementary School Students' Creativity During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Mediating and Buffering Effects of Psychological Resilience. Front Psychol 2022; 13:775624. [PMID: 35558704 PMCID: PMC9088518 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.775624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To understand the relationship between sense of place and creativity and the mechanisms that affect this relationship, the researchers constructed a mediation model to examine the effect of sense of place on creativity and the mediating role of psychological resilience in elementary school students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A total of 1,711 students in an elementary school in Beijing, China, were surveyed using Chinese-language versions of the Sense of Place Scale, the Psychological Resilience Scale-Short Version, and the Innovative Behavior Inventory. SPSS (version 23) and PROCESS plug-in (version 3.3) were used for correlation and mediation analyses. Results (1) Correlation analysis revealed that sense of place was positively related to psychological resilience (r = 0.445, p < 0.01) and creativity (r = 0.590, p < 0.01). (2) Psychological resilience was also positively correlated with creativity (r = 0.625, p < 0.01). (3) Further, after controlling for gender and grade level, it was found that sense of place directly predicted creativity and that sense of place also indirectly predicted creativity through psychological resilience. The direct effect (0.45) and the mediating effect (0.23) accounted for 65.95 and 34.05% of the total effect, respectively. Conclusion The results demonstrate that sense of place is a positive predictor of creativity and can play a facilitating role to some extent. Moreover, psychological resilience is a mediating factor, acting as a buffer between sense of place and creativity. These results contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms influencing creativity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Xu
- College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaoling Wang
- College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Academy of Educational Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Peiying Lin
- College of Teacher Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
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Lesmana CBJ, Suryani LK, Tiliopoulos N. The biobehavioural effectiveness of spiritual-hypnosis-assisted therapy in PTSD with childhood trauma. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROSURGERY 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s41983-022-00475-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a serious psychological trauma disorder. Treatment of psychological trauma tends to focus on patients' memory. Clinical Spiritual-Hypnosis Assisted Therapy is a culturally sensitive treatment that combines elements of psychodynamic hypnosis, cognitive–behavioral and humanistic therapies.
Methods
The current interventional single-blind randomized control study assessed the biobehavioural effectiveness of spiritual-hypnosis on cortisol and PTSD symptomatology in adults with childhood trauma. Participants were divided into spiritual hypnosis (n = 15) and a control group (n = 14) that received fluoxetine. This study used PCL-C & CTQ to screen the presence and severity of PTSD symptoms.
Results
Spiritual hypnosis was significantly better than fluoxetine at reducing PTSD symptoms, while both treatments had similar effects on cortisol modification.
Conclusions
Spiritual-Hypnosis Assisted Therapy for PTSD patients with childhood trauma appears to have a noteworthy effect in reducing PTSD clinical symptoms and results in a comparable to the pharmacological treatment modification of the HPA axis cortisol markers.
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Associations Between Outcome Resilience and Sociodemographic Factors, Childhood Trauma, Personality Dimensions and Self-Rated Health in Middle-Aged Adults. Int J Behav Med 2022; 29:796-806. [PMID: 35246825 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-022-10061-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined how sociodemographic factors, childhood trauma, personality dimensions, and self-rated health were associated with outcome resilience and how different stressors influenced depressive symptoms. METHODS An outcome resilience score for 213 adults was derived by means of a residualization approach. Associations between outcome resilience and sociodemographic and personality factors were evaluated using linear regression. In addition, associations between log-transformed depressive symptoms and the stressors were analyzed using multiple linear regression. A Pearson correlation coefficient between self-rated health and outcome resilience was also computed. RESULTS Higher neuroticism was negatively and higher conscientiousness was positively associated with outcome resilience. Better self-rated health was associated with higher outcome resilience. Somatic disease events and onset of chronic mental disorders were associated with more depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Outcome resilience was significantly related to neuroticism, conscientiousness, and self-rated health. Strong associations between depressive symptoms and the stressors somatic disease event, and chronic mental disorder were observed.
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Zhang H, Han T, Ma S, Qu G, Zhao T, Ding X, Sun L, Qin Q, Chen M, Sun Y. Association of child maltreatment and bullying victimization among Chinese adolescents: The mediating role of family function, resilience, and anxiety. J Affect Disord 2022; 299:12-21. [PMID: 34822918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among adolescents, child maltreatment is linked to being bullied at school. Nevertheless, little is known about the mediating mechanisms underlying this association. Therefore, our research aimed to explore and evaluate the potential mediators of the relationship between child maltreatment and bullying victimization among Chinese adolescents. METHODS From October to December 2020, a population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 6247 adolescents (3401 males, 2846 females) in Anhui Province, China. The subjects of the survey were elementary and middle school students from grades 4 to 9. The data were collected through self-report questionnaires. Pearson correlation and linear regression were used to examine the relationships among child maltreatment, bullying victimization, family function, resilience, and anxiety. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to conduct mediation analyses. RESULTS The results indicated that child maltreatment positively predicted the later bullying victimization of adolescents. Resilience and anxiety were each shown to separately mediate this relationship. Moreover, the sequential mediating effects of family function, resilience, and anxiety also mediated the predictive effect of child maltreatment on bullying victimization. CONCLUSIONS Resilience and anxiety were both shown to be important independent mediators for the relationship between child maltreatment and bullying victimization. Furthermore, the combined mediating effects of family function, resilience, and anxiety were also of great significance. These findings provide additional evidence that family and individual factors are critical to understanding bullying victimization. Effective prevention and intervention strategies for school bullying should target family and individual vulnerabilities in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimei Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Tiantian Han
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Shaodi Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Guangbo Qu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Tianming Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xiuxiu Ding
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Fuyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 19, Zhongnan Avenue, Fuyang 236000, Anhui, China
| | - Qirong Qin
- Ma'anshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 849, Jiangdong Avenue, Ma'anshan 243000, Anhui, China
| | - Mingchun Chen
- Changfeng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changxin Road, Changfeng 231100, Anhui, China
| | - Yehuan Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Center for Evidence-Based Practice, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
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Yu M, Huang L, Mao J, Dna G, Luo S. Childhood Maltreatment, Automatic Negative Thoughts, and Resilience: The Protective Roles of Culture and Genes. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:349-370. [PMID: 32189557 DOI: 10.1177/0886260520912582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Resilience, a psychological trait conceptualized as the ability to recover from setbacks, can be weakened by childhood maltreatment, which comprises childhood abuse and childhood neglect. The current study aimed to investigate whether childhood maltreatment could increase automatic negative thoughts (ANT), thus weakening resilience. Furthermore, as psychological characteristics are commonly subject to the moderating effects of cultural context and biology, the study also explored whether and how cultural and genetic factors separately interact with childhood maltreatment to predict resilience. In study 1, the participants comprised 237 American and 347 Chinese individuals; study 2 included 428 genotyped Chinese individuals. We combined regression, mediation, moderation, and machine learning methods to test the mediating effect of ANT on the link between childhood maltreatment and resilience as well as the moderating roles of culture and genetics. Study 1 found that both childhood abuse and childhood neglect increased ANT and thus weakened resilience. In addition, the ANT-mediating effects of childhood neglect were stronger in American than Chinese participants. In Study 2, using the leave-one-out approach, we constructed two separate prediction models based on 22 and 16 important single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and we found that the interaction between childhood abuse/neglect and polygenic scores based on important SNPs could predict ANT. The mediating effects of ANT on the relationship between childhood abuse/neglect and resilience were significant for participants with low polygenic scores but not for those with high polygenic scores. In conclusion, both the cultural environment and individual genetic makeup moderated the mediating effects of ANT on the association between childhood maltreatment and resilience. These findings indicated the roles of culture and genetics in protecting against the adverse effects of childhood maltreatment on resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meihua Yu
- Department of Psychology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingling Huang
- Department of Psychology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Mao
- Department of Psychology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gese Dna
- Beijing Gese Technology Co., Ltd., China
| | - Siyang Luo
- Department of Psychology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Dong C, Xu R, Xu L. Relationship of childhood trauma, psychological resilience, and family resilience among undergraduate nursing students: A cross-sectional study. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2021; 57:852-859. [PMID: 32959906 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze how family resilience mediates the relationship between childhood trauma and psychological resilience in undergraduate nursing students. DESIGN AND METHODS A cross-sectional survey design was used to investigate 698 nursing undergraduate students (mean age: 18.77 ± 0.86 years) using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Family Resilience Assessment Scale, and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. The mediating effect of family resilience was estimated using structural equation modeling and the bootstrap method. FINDINGS Both childhood trauma and family resilience were associated with psychological resilience. Family resilience showed a partial mediating effect between childhood trauma and psychological resilience, accounting for 21.5% of the total effect. PRACTICE IMPLICATION Our findings may help inform family interventions to improve the psychological resilience of nursing students, especially for those with childhood trauma experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Dong
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ru Xu
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liuqing Xu
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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14
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van der Merwe LJ, Botha A, Joubert G. Resilience and coping strategies of undergraduate medical students at the University of the Free State. S Afr J Psychiatr 2020; 26:1471. [PMID: 32832128 PMCID: PMC7433285 DOI: 10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v26i0.1471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Medical studies place students at risk for burnout. Resilience enables students to cope with adversity. Students’ coping skills will ensure the well-being of future healthcare professisonals. Objectives This study investigated resilience and coping among undergraduate medical students. Setting Undergraduate students at the University of the Free State medical school. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed. Quantitative data regarding resilience (Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale), coping strategies (Brief COPE questionnaire) and relevant information were collected by means of an anonymous self-administered questionnaire. Results Five hundred students (pre-clinical n = 270; clinical n = 230; approximately 62% female) participated. Most students self-reported high resilience (84.6% pre-clinical; 91.8% clinical). Mean resilience scores were 72.5 (pre-clinical) and 75.4 (clinical). Clinical students had higher resilience scores, while black, pre-clinical, first-generation and female students scored lower. Academic stress was most prominent (> 85%) and associated with lower resilience scores. Most students used adaptive coping strategies (e.g. instrumental or emotional support) associated with significantly increased resilience scores. Students who used dysfunctional strategies (e.g. substance abuse) had significantly lower resilience scores. Conclusion Associations between resilience scores and year of study, gender, ethnicity, levels and type of stress varied. Academic pressure was a major source of stress. Adaptive coping strategies were associated with higher resilience scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynette J van der Merwe
- Undergraduate Medical Programme Management, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Anja Botha
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Gina Joubert
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
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Gu ZH, Qiu T, Yang SH, Tian FQ, Wu H. A Study on the Psychological Factors Affecting the Quality of Life Among Ovarian Cancer Patients in China. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:905-912. [PMID: 32104072 PMCID: PMC7012214 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s239975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We aim to test whether resilience mediates the association of fear of progression (FoP) with quality of life (QoL) among ovarian cancer patients in China. METHODS We collected 230 questionnaires from the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University in Liaoning Province, and 209 completed the questionnaire survey. The survey instrument consisted of four questionnaires: a sociodemographic and clinical characteristics questionnaire, the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy general instrument, the Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to examine the relationship among FoP, resilience, and QoL, including physical well-being, social well-being, emotional well-being, and functional well-being. We used asymptotic and resampling strategies to examine the indirect effect of resilience. RESULTS FoP was negatively associated with resilience (r=-0.543, P<0.01) and QoL (physical well-being: r=-0.537, P<0.01; social well-being: r=-0.426, P<0.01; emotional well-being: r=-0.487, P<0.01; functional well-being: r=-0.529, P<0.01). Resilience was positively related with QoL (physical well-being: r=0.449, P<0.01; social well-being: r=0.548, P<0.01; emotional well-being: r=0.430, P<0.01; functional well-being: r=0.655, P<0.01). Resilience partly mediated the association between FoP and physical well-being (a×b=-0.05, BCa 95% CI: -0.09, -0.02), social well-being (a×b=-0.21, BCa 95% CI: -0.29, -0.14), emotional well-being (a×b=-0.05, BCa 95% CI: -0.08, -0.02), and functional well-being (a×b=-0.24, BCa 95% CI: -0.32, -0.17). The proportion of the mediating effect accounted for by resilience were 22.57%, 57.22%, 26.02%, 53.42% for physical well-being, social well-being, emotional well-being and functional well-being, respectively. CONCLUSION The study showed that resilience could mediate the association between fear of progression and quality of life. It suggests that resilience might provide a potential target for intervention in quality of life with ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hui Gu
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tian Qiu
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shi-Han Yang
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang-Qiong Tian
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Wu
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
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Sarafim-Silva BAM, Duarte GD, Sundefeld MLMM, Biasoli ÉR, Miyahara GI, Bernabé DG. Childhood trauma is predictive for clinical staging, alcohol consumption, and emotional symptoms in patients with head and neck cancer. Cancer 2018; 124:3684-3692. [DOI: 10.1002/cncr.31597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Amélia M. Sarafim-Silva
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, School of Dentistry; São Paulo State University - UNESP; Araçatuba São Paulo Brazil
| | - Gabrielle D. Duarte
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, School of Dentistry; São Paulo State University - UNESP; Araçatuba São Paulo Brazil
| | - Maria Lúcia M. M. Sundefeld
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, School of Dentistry; São Paulo State University - UNESP; Araçatuba São Paulo Brazil
| | - Éder Ricardo Biasoli
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, School of Dentistry; São Paulo State University - UNESP; Araçatuba São Paulo Brazil
| | - Glauco I. Miyahara
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, School of Dentistry; São Paulo State University - UNESP; Araçatuba São Paulo Brazil
| | - Daniel Galera Bernabé
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, School of Dentistry; São Paulo State University - UNESP; Araçatuba São Paulo Brazil
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