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Arco L. Toward a synthesis of cognitive behaviour therapy via component analysis of self-regulation. Clin Psychol Psychother 2023. [PMID: 37855427 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
The cognitive behavioural therapies (CBTs) are the choice psychotherapies for many clinicians treating a wide range of adult psychological disorders including various anxieties, mood, substance use, eating, schizophrenia and personality-related. Empirical research in the CBTs is ever increasing, and the accumulating evidence supporting efficacious treatments is substantial and well documented. However, with prolific research comes a seemingly accelerating and worrying trend of purportedly different therapies, and numerous hybrids and combinations of therapies and techniques. For many clinicians this is increasingly confusing and not helpful in clinical practice. This article is a critique of current trends and directions in clinical research, which show signs of limited effectiveness, fragmentation, and obfuscation. An alternative strategy is proposed-examining transdiagnostic therapeutic effects, which appear related to treating pervasive dysregulated emotions, with component analyses of four principal self-regulation components (viz., self-monitoring; functional analysis; identifying values, goals and treatment-plans; and feedback). Such a strategy is likely to lead to a more coherently synthesized and effective CBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucius Arco
- Praxis Research, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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2
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Sun Y, Lu T, Wang X, Chen W, Chen S, Chen H, Zheng J. Physiological feedback technology for real-time emotion regulation: a systematic review. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1182667. [PMID: 37251072 PMCID: PMC10213271 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1182667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies suggest that physiological feedback can be an effective method for emotion regulation (ER). However, studies on the specific effects of physiological feedback have shown conflicting results due to inconsistencies in study designs. Therefore, we present this systematic review to further validate the effectiveness of physiological feedback for ER, clarify its specific effects, as well as summarize the factors that influence its effectiveness. Method This systematic review following PRISMA guidelines covers all studies using physiological feedback in emotions. A literature search was conducted in Web of Science, PubMed, PsychINFO, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and WANFANG DATA. And a standardized quality assessment was performed. Results We identified 27 relevant articles (25 studies), and the majority of these studies showed a significant regulatory effect of physiological feedback on different emotions. The feedback's content, explanation, authenticity, real-time capability, and modality were the key factors that influenced its effects, and this technology will achieve its optimal ER effect when these factors are considered comprehensively. Conclusions These findings further confirmed the effectiveness of physiological feedback as an ER method, as well as providing key factors that should be addressed in its application. Meanwhile, due to the limitations of these studies, more well-designed studies are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Sun
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tian Lu
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuanyi Wang
- Department of Psychological and Behavioral Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wanlin Chen
- Department of Psychological and Behavioral Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shulin Chen
- Department of Psychological and Behavioral Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hang Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Chang S, Vaingankar JA, Seow E, Samari E, Chua YC, Luo N, Verma S, Subramaniam M. Understanding Emotion Regulation Strategies Among Youths: A Qualitative Study. JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/07435584231161002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
The period of youth encompasses a myriad of experiences that often elicit a range of emotions from the individual. This study was conducted to understand emotion regulation (ER) among youths, specifically to identify strategies employed by youths to regulate emotions, and to understand the perceived importance and impact of ER. Qualitative data were collected through one-to-one semi-structured interviews ( n = 25) and focus group discussions ( n = 11; total 70 participants) among youths aged between 15 and 24 years. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and inductive thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. ER strategies engaged by youths in this study were classified into the following themes: (1) developing emotional awareness and acceptance, (2) emotional catharsis, (3) calling for a timeout, and (4) positive thinking and reframing. Youths perceived the importance of regulating emotions as (1) ER contributes to rational thinking and decision-making, (2) poor ER worsens mental wellbeing, (3) ER provides stability in life, and has (4) relevance to current life stage and environment. Findings from this study illustrate the essential role of ER for youth’s healthy functioning and demonstrate the value of strengthening emotional regulatory capacities in them.
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Raudales AM, Yang M, Schatten HT, Armey MF, Weiss NH. Daily reciprocal relations between emotion dysregulation and non-suicidal self-injury among individuals with a history of sexual assault: The influence of posttraumatic stress symptoms. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2023; 53:124-136. [PMID: 36326152 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a serious public health concern that can be understood within an emotion dysregulation framework. The current study adds to the literature by utilizing a micro-longitudinal design and novel statistical modeling to test reciprocal associations between emotion dysregulation and NSSI, as well as the potential moderating effect of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). METHODS Participants were 81 individuals with a history of sexual assault and NSSI (Mage = 33.80; 67.9% women; 80.2% white) recruited from the community who self-reported on symptoms of emotion dysregulation and NSSI thoughts/behaviors once daily for 7 days. Average compliance rate was 72.8% (SD = 31.3%) and 34 participants (42.0%) endorsed NSSI thoughts/behaviors over the course of the study. RESULTS Findings revealed a significant positive effect of NSSI thoughts/behaviors on subsequent abilities to regulate negative emotions. Furthermore, while results did not detect a moderating influence of baseline PTSS on the relation between emotion dysregulation and NSSI thoughts/behaviors over time, individuals with higher baseline PTSS were found to experience heightened levels of NSSI thoughts/behaviors and emotion dysregulation on average. CONCLUSION Information from this study may be useful for future research and intervention development focused on the intersection of NSSI, PTSS, and emotion dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa M Raudales
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Manshu Yang
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Heather T Schatten
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Michael F Armey
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Nicole H Weiss
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, USA
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5
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Hasking P, Chen NTM, Chiu V, Gray N, Gross JJ, Boyes M. "Managing emotion": Open label trial and waitlist controlled trial of an emotion regulation program for university students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-11. [PMID: 36701430 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2155468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Background: More than one-third of university students meet diagnostic criteria for a mental disorder, and three quarters experience role impairment in some aspect of their life. One determinant of whether young adults will experience mental health difficulties is their ability to regulate emotion. We conducted two pilot trials of a brief online program designed to teach emotion regulation skills to university students. Methods: In Study 1, we conducted an open-label trial (n = 104). In Study 2, we conducted a waitlist controlled trial (n = 167). In both studies, pre- and post-assessment of emotion regulation, psychological distress, and self-compassion were conducted. Results: In both trials, we observed improvements in emotion regulation, and reductions in symptoms of psychological distress. Acceptability and feasibility were also satisfactory. Conclusion: An online emotion regulation program may offer promise in improving emotion regulation and subsequent mental health concerns among university students. (ACTRN12620000390987; ACTRN12620000839909).
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Affiliation(s)
- Penelope Hasking
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Curtin enAble Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Nigel T M Chen
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Vivian Chiu
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Curtin enAble Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Nicole Gray
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - James J Gross
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Mark Boyes
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Curtin enAble Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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6
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Pons P, Navas-Medrano S, Soler-Dominguez JL. Extended reality for mental health: Current trends and future challenges. FRONTIERS IN COMPUTER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fcomp.2022.1034307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Virtual and augmented reality have been used to diagnose and treat several mental health disorders for decades. Technological advances in these fields have facilitated the availability of commercial solutions for end customers and practitioners. However, there are still some barriers and limitations that prevent these technologies from being widely used by professionals on a daily basis. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has exposed a variety of new scenarios in which these technologies could play an essential role, like providing remote treatment. Disorders that traditionally had received less attention are also getting in the spotlight, such as depression or obsessive-compulsive disorder. Improvements in equipment and hardware, like Mixed Reality Head Mounted Displays, could help open new opportunities in the mental health field. Extended reality (XR) is an umbrella term meant to comprise Virtual reality (VR), mixed reality (MR), and augmented reality (AR). While XR applications are eminently visual, other senses are being explored in literature around multisensory interactions, such as auditory, olfactory, or haptic feedback. Applying such stimuli within XR experiences around mental disorders is still under-explored and could greatly enrich the therapeutic experience. This manuscript reviews recent research regarding the use of XR for mental health scenarios, highlighting trends, and potential applications as well as areas for improvement. It also discusses future challenges and research areas in upcoming topics such as the use of wearables, multisensory, and multimodal interaction. The main goal of this paper is to unpack how these technologies could be applied to XR scenarios for mental health to exploit their full potential and follow the path of other health technologies by promoting personalized medicine.
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Wayda-Zalewska M, Grzegorzewski P, Kot E, Skimina E, Santangelo PS, Kucharska K. Emotion Dynamics and Emotion Regulation in Anorexia Nervosa: A Systematic Review of Ecological Momentary Assessment Studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13659. [PMID: 36294238 PMCID: PMC9603728 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Altered emotion dynamics and emotion regulation (ER) have been indicated in theoretical descriptions of abnormal emotional functioning, which contributes to the development and maintenance of anorexia nervosa (AN). Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) has recently become popular in research on eating disorders. It is a source of new insights into the psychopathology of AN as it enables intensive long-term tracking of everyday experiences and behaviours of individuals through repeated self-reports. The following systematic review aims to synthesize research on the use of EMA when evaluating emotion dynamics and ER in AN. Specific studies were identified with the use of MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Scopus databases. A supplemental search was performed in reference lists of the relevant publications. As a result, 27 publications were identified and included in the systematic review. The findings from the reviewed studies point to various disturbed components of emotion dynamics as well as to unique associations of maladaptive ER strategies with specific abnormalities in emotion dynamics in AN. Limitations of the studies were discussed as well. An outlook for further research in the field was provided in the last section of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Piotr Grzegorzewski
- Institute of Psychology, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, 01938 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Emilia Kot
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, 00183 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Skimina
- Institute of Psychology, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, 01938 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Katarzyna Kucharska
- Institute of Psychology, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, 01938 Warsaw, Poland
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8
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García AS, Fernández-Sotos P, González P, Navarro E, Rodriguez-Jimenez R, Fernández-Caballero A. Behavioral intention of mental health practitioners toward the adoption of virtual humans in affect recognition training. Front Psychol 2022; 13:934880. [PMCID: PMC9600723 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.934880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper explores the key factors influencing mental health professionals' behavioral intention to adopt virtual humans as a means of affect recognition training. Therapies targeting social cognition deficits are in high demand given that these deficits are related to a loss of functioning and quality of life in several neuropsychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, affective disorders, and acquired brain injury. Therefore, developing new therapies would greatly improve the quality of life of this large cohort of patients. A questionnaire based on the second revision of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) questionnaire was used for this study. One hundred and twenty-four mental health professionals responded to the questionnaire after viewing a video presentation of the system. The results confirmed that mental health professionals showed a positive intention to use virtual reality tools to train affect recognition, as they allow manipulation of social interaction with patients. Further studies should be conducted with therapists from other countries to reach more conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo S. García
- Unidad Multidisciplinar de Investigación de la Neurocognición y Emoción en Entornos Virtuales y Reales, Instituto de Investigación en Informática de Albacete, Albacete, Spain
- Departamento de Sistemas Informáticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Patricia Fernández-Sotos
- Servicio de Salud Mental, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pascual González
- Unidad Multidisciplinar de Investigación de la Neurocognición y Emoción en Entornos Virtuales y Reales, Instituto de Investigación en Informática de Albacete, Albacete, Spain
- Departamento de Sistemas Informáticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Navarro
- Unidad Multidisciplinar de Investigación de la Neurocognición y Emoción en Entornos Virtuales y Reales, Instituto de Investigación en Informática de Albacete, Albacete, Spain
- Departamento de Sistemas Informáticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Rodriguez-Jimenez
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
- Cognición y Psicosis, Area de Neurociencias y Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- CogPsy-Group, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Fernández-Caballero
- Unidad Multidisciplinar de Investigación de la Neurocognición y Emoción en Entornos Virtuales y Reales, Instituto de Investigación en Informática de Albacete, Albacete, Spain
- Departamento de Sistemas Informáticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Antonio Fernández-Caballero
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Hong X, Liu Q. Assessing young children's national identity through human-computer interaction: A game-based assessment task. Front Psychol 2022; 13:956570. [PMID: 36248538 PMCID: PMC9554312 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.956570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As a way of human-computer interaction, game-based assessment is more suitable for young children because it is situational, interesting, and effective. National identity is an important factor affecting the overall development of young children and the future development of a country, which has attracted extensive attention from researchers. Nevertheless, the assessment of young children's national identity is still based on traditional evaluation, including questionnaires and interviews, which have the limitations of being inaccurate, dull, and time-consuming. To understand the characteristics of children's national identity, it is necessary to use scientific and interactive assessment methods. The present study investigated whether the game-based assessment we developed specifically would be an appropriate tool to measure young children's national identity. The results show that the game-based assessment had good item discrimination. Exploratory factor analysis demonstrated the game covered three aspects: national cognition mastery, national emotion engagement, and national behavior tendency. The confirmatory factor analysis suggested that the model with three factors fit the data well. The internal consistency, the split-half reliability, and the test-retest reliability meet standards. Overall, the results indicated that this game can be successfully used to assess young children's national identity with acceptable validity and reliability. Our study provides strong evidence for the use of human-computer interaction in child measurement. These findings are the first to demonstrate the promise of game-based assessment in assessing children's national identity reliably and effectively.
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Raudales AM, Yang M, Forkus SR, Kiefer R, Weiss NH. Daily reciprocal relations between negative and positive emotion dysregulation and posttraumatic stress symptoms among individuals with a history of sexual assault. Psychiatry Res 2022; 315:114724. [PMID: 35853416 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) are a debilitating health concern that can develop following sexual assault. One factor central to PTSS is emotion dysregulation. However, little is known about how emotion dysregulation, particularly the dysregulation of positive (versus negative) emotions, relates to the maintenance of PTSS over time. This study aimed to address this gap in the literature by using a micro-longitudinal approach to examine daily reciprocal relations between negative and positive emotion dysregulation and PTSS. Participants were 121 individuals with a history of sexual assault (Mage = 35.27; 70.2% women; 81.0% white) recruited from the community. Participants self-reported on negative and positive emotion dysregulation as well as PTSS once daily for seven days. Findings provide support for the effects of both negative and positive emotion dysregulation on increases in next-day PTSS. Results carry important implications for PTSS assessment and intervention efforts among those with a history of sexual assault.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa M Raudales
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Manshu Yang
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Shannon R Forkus
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Reina Kiefer
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Nicole H Weiss
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA.
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11
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Seon Q, Mady N, Yang M, Karia M, Lashley M, Sescu C, Lalonde M, Puskas S, Outerbridge J, Parent-Racine E, Pagiatakis C, Gomez-Cardona L, Yiang D, Bouchard S, Linnaranta O. A Virtual Reality-Assisted Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (VR-CBT) for and with Inuit in Quebec - a protocol for a proof-of-concept randomized controlled trial (Preprint). JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 12:e40236. [DOI: 10.2196/40236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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Xiong Z, Weng X, Wei Y. SandplayAR: Evaluation of diagnosis game for people with generalized anxiety disorder. ARTS IN PSYCHOTHERAPY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aip.2022.101934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Castilla D, Navarro-Haro MV, Suso-Ribera C, Díaz-García A, Zaragoza I, García-Palacios A. Ecological momentary intervention to enhance emotion regulation in healthcare workers via smartphone: a randomized controlled trial protocol. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:164. [PMID: 35248015 PMCID: PMC8897724 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-03800-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CUIDA-TE is an APP that offers transdiagnostic cognitive behavioral therapy focused on enhancing emotion regulation. As a novelty, it incorporates ecological momentary interventions (EMI), which can provide psychological support in real time, when suffering arises. The main goal of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of CUIDA-TE to improve emotion regulation in healthcare workers, a population that has been particularly emotionally impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS In this three-arm, randomized controlled trial (RCT) the study sample will be composed of a minimum of 174 healthcare workers. They will be randomly assigned to a 2-month EMI group (CUIDA-TE APP, n ≥ 58), a 2-month ecological momentary assessment (EMA) only group (MONITOR EMOCIONAL APP, n ≥ 58), or a wait-list control group (no daily monitoring nor intervention, n ≥ 58). CUIDA-TE will provide EMI if EMA reveals emotional problems, poor sleep quality/quantity, burnout, stress, or low perceived self-efficacy when regulating emotions. Depression will be the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes will include emotion regulation, quality of life, and resilience. Treatment acceptance and usability will also be measured. Primary and secondary outcomes will be obtained at pre- and post-intervention measurements, and at the 3-month follow-up for all groups. DISCUSSION To our knowledge, this is the first RCT that evaluates the efficacy of an APP-based EMI to improve emotion regulation skills in healthcare workers. This type of intervention might ultimately help disseminate treatments and reach a larger number of individuals than traditional face-to-face individual therapies. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrial.gov : NCT04958941 Registered 7 Jun 2021. STUDY STATUS Participant recruitment has not started.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Castilla
- grid.5338.d0000 0001 2173 938XDepartment of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment, University of Valencia, Avenida Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), ISCIII CB06/03/0052, Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Vicenta Navarro-Haro
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Calle Atarazana, 4, 44003 C/ Ciudad Escolar, s/n, 44001, Teruel, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón, Avenida de San Juan Bosco, 13, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Carlos Suso-Ribera
- grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), ISCIII CB06/03/0052, Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain ,grid.9612.c0000 0001 1957 9153Department of Basic Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Amanda Díaz-García
- grid.11205.370000 0001 2152 8769Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Calle Atarazana, 4, 44003 C/ Ciudad Escolar, s/n, 44001 Teruel, Spain
| | - Irene Zaragoza
- grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), ISCIII CB06/03/0052, Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Azucena García-Palacios
- grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), ISCIII CB06/03/0052, Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain ,grid.9612.c0000 0001 1957 9153Department of Basic Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
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Jadhakhan F, Blake H, Hett D, Marwaha S. Efficacy of digital technologies aimed at enhancing emotion regulation skills: Literature review. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:809332. [PMID: 36159937 PMCID: PMC9489858 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.809332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of emotion regulation (ER) interventions on mental health and wellbeing has been extensively documented in the literature, although only recently have digital technologies been incorporated in intervention design. The aim of this review is to explore available published literature relating to the efficacy, barriers and facilitators of digital technologies in enhancing emotion/mood regulation skills. METHODS A review of the literature was performed to explore the effectiveness of digital technology in enhancing ER skills. MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to 31st August 2020. In addition, the first 10 pages of Google Scholar were examined for relevant articles. The following MeSH term and key words were used to identify relevant articles: "emotion regulation OR mood regulation" AND "intervention OR treatment OR program$ OR therap$" AND "digital technologies OR web-based OR mobile application OR App." Reference lists of retrieved papers were hand searched to identify additional publications. Findings were summarized narratively. RESULTS Titles and abstracts were reviewed by one reviewer in two phases, and confirmed by a second reviewer; discrepancies were resolved through discussion. First, the retrieved titles and abstracts were reviewed to identify relevant studies. Full texts of retrieved studies were then read to determine eligibility. The search resulted in 209 studies of which 191 citations were identified as potentially meeting the inclusion criteria. After reviewing the title and abstract of the 191 papers, 33 studies were identified as potentially meeting the inclusion criteria. Following full-text review, 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. Findings indicated the potential effectiveness of online, text-messaging, and smartphone interventions for enhancing ER skills. CONCLUSION There is encouraging evidence that digital technologies may be beneficial for enhancing ER skills and providing personalized care remotely. Digital technologies, particularly the use of smartphones, were instrumental in facilitating assessments and delivering online self-help interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy. Continued research is required to rigorously evaluate the effectiveness of digital technologies in ER skills and carefully consider risks/benefits while determining how emerging technologies might support the scale-up of ER skills and mental health treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferozkhan Jadhakhan
- Institute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Holly Blake
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.,NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Danielle Hett
- Institute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Steven Marwaha
- Institute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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15
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Moon E, Yang M, Seon Q, Linnaranta O. Relevance of Objective Measures in Psychiatric Disorders-Rest-Activity Rhythm and Psychophysiological Measures. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2021; 23:85. [PMID: 34714422 PMCID: PMC8556205 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-021-01291-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We present a review of recent methods of objective measurement in psychiatry and psychology with a focus on home monitoring and its utility in guiding treatment. RECENT FINDINGS For individualized diagnostics and treatment of insomnia, actigraphy can generate clinically useful graphical presentations of sleep timing and patterns. Psychophysiological measures may complement psychometrics by tracking parallel changes in physiological responses and emotional functioning, especially during therapy for trauma symptoms and emotion regulation. It seems that rather than defining universal cut-offs, an individualised range of variability could characterize treatment response. Wearable actigraphy and psychophysiological sensors are promising devices to provide biofeedback and guide treatment. Use of feasible and reliable technology during experimental and clinical procedures may necessitate defining healthy and abnormal responses in different populations and pathological states. We present a "call for action" towards further collaborative work to enable large scale use of objective measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunsoo Moon
- Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry and Biomedical Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Michelle Yang
- Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Quinta Seon
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Outi Linnaranta
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Mental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, 00271, Helsinki, Finland.
- Douglas Centre for Sleep and Biological Rhythms, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 LaSalle Boulevard, Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada.
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16
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Pinheiro J, Simões de Almeida R, Marques A. Emotional self-regulation, virtual reality and neurofeedback. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chbr.2021.100101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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17
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Colombo D, Díaz-García A, Fernandez-Álvarez J, Botella C. Virtual reality for the enhancement of emotion regulation. Clin Psychol Psychother 2021; 28:519-537. [PMID: 34048621 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, a growing body of literature has focused on emotion regulation (ER), which refers to the ability to implement strategies in order to modulate emotional responses and reach desirable goals. To date, impaired ER (i.e., emotion dysregulation) has been identified as a transdiagnostic factor across a wide range of psychopathological conditions, which shows the importance of improving patients' ability to regulate negative and positive emotions in clinical practice. In addition to the increasing evidence showing its efficacy in the treatment of several clinical conditions, virtual reality (VR) has recently emerged as a potentially powerful tool for enhancing ER, thus breaking new ground in the development of cutting-edge transdiagnostic interventions. In the present narrative review, we will provide an overview of the existing evidence about VR-based interventions in the field of ER, emphasizing the promising findings and the barriers that still have to be addressed. To this aim, the available VR-based literature will be analysed in relation to four categories of ER strategies: situational strategies, attentional strategies, cognitive strategies, and response modulation strategies. Furthermore, new emerging fields of research targeting innovative aspects of ER will be highlighted, including the use of VR to promote positive emotions and interpersonal ER skills. Besides, its cost-effectiveness will be discussed, taking into account the costs for both developers (e.g., clinicians and researchers) and end-users. Finally, future directions in this promising field of research will be outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desirée Colombo
- Department of Basic Psychology, Clinic and Psychobiology, Jaume I University, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Amanda Díaz-García
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Botella
- Department of Basic Psychology, Clinic and Psychobiology, Jaume I University, Castellón de la Plana, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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18
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Gerłowska J, Dmitruk K, Rejdak K. Facial emotion mimicry in older adults with and without cognitive impairments due to Alzheimer's disease. AIMS Neurosci 2021; 8:226-238. [PMID: 33709026 PMCID: PMC7940111 DOI: 10.3934/neuroscience.2021012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Facial expression of humans is one of the main channels of everyday communication. The reported research work investigated communication regarding the pattern of emotional expression of healthy older adults and with mild cognitive impairments (MCI) or Alzheimer's disease (AD). It focuses on mimicking of displayed emotional facial expression on a sample of 25 older adults (healthy, MCI and AD patients). The adequacy of the patients' individual facial expressions in six basic emotions was measured with the Kinect 3D recording of the participants' facial expressions and compared to their own typical emotional facial expressions. The reactions were triggered by mimicking 49 still pictures of emotional facial expressions. No statistically significant differences in terms of frequency nor adequacy of emotional facial expression were reported in healthy and MCI groups. Unique patterns of emotional expressions have been observed in the AD group. Further investigating the pattern of older adults' facial expression may decrease the misunderstandings and increase the quality of life of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Gerłowska
- Department of Educational Psychology and Psychological Assessment, Institute of Psychology University of Maria Skłodowska-Curie, Lublin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Dmitruk
- Institute of IT, University of Maria Skłodowska-Curie, Lublin, Poland
| | - Konrad Rejdak
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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19
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Pacholik-Żuromska A. Self-Regulation in the Time of Lockdown. Front Neuroinform 2021; 15:567920. [PMID: 33762920 PMCID: PMC7982897 DOI: 10.3389/fninf.2021.567920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Pacholik-Żuromska
- Department of Cognitive Science, Institute of Information and Communication Research, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
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20
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Colombo D, Fernández-Álvarez J, Suso-Ribera C, Cipresso P, García-Palacios A, Riva G, Botella C. Biased Affective Forecasting: A Potential Mechanism That Enhances Resilience and Well-Being. Front Psychol 2020; 11:1333. [PMID: 32595578 PMCID: PMC7304283 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
According to a growing body of studies, people's ability to forecast future emotional experiences is generally biased. Nonetheless, the existing literature has mainly explored affective forecasting in relation to specific events, whereas little is still known about the ability to make general estimations of future emotional states. Based on existing evidence suggesting future-oriented disposition as a key factor for mental health, the aims of the current study were (1) to investigate the relationship between negative (NA) and positive (PA) affective forecasting biases and perceived psychological well-being, and (2) to explore whether positively biased predictions are associated with resilience and foster one's skills to cope with stressful events. To do so, we asked 85 undergraduate students to forecast PA and NA over 2 weeks, as well as to report their daily affect through a web-based Ecological Momentary Assessment. According to the results, positively biased PA forecasting (i.e., overestimating positive emotional states) was associated with greater perceived psychological well-being and higher resilience. When high levels of stress were experienced, participants holding an optimistic, yet biased, estimation of future PA were more likely to successfully manage stressors, thus maintaining lower levels of NA and higher levels of positive emotions. We suggest that positively biased PA forecasting is an adaptive cognitive distortion that boosts people's resilience and mental health, thus opening new avenues for the promotion of psychological well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desirée Colombo
- Department of Basic Psychology, Clinic and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | | | - Carlos Suso-Ribera
- Department of Basic Psychology, Clinic and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Pietro Cipresso
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Azucena García-Palacios
- Department of Basic Psychology, Clinic and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Botella
- Department of Basic Psychology, Clinic and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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21
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Abstract
Abstract
Background
According to a growing body of literature, people are quite inaccurate in recalling past affective experiences. Nevertheless, the mechanism underlying this recall bias (i.e., the tendency to overestimate and/or underestimate positive or negative past emotional experiences) remains unclear, and its association with mental health has not been studied yet.
Methods
We adopted a smartphone-based Ecological Momentary Assessment to monitor daily affect (n = 92) and investigate the association between affect recall bias, mental health and resilience.
Results
While the tendency to overestimate negative affective experiences was observed in participants reporting mild depressive symptoms, positive affect (PA) overestimation as compared to PA underestimation was associated with better mental health (i.e. higher psychological well-being and lower depressive and anxiety symptoms) through the enhancement of resilience. Furthermore, positively biased participants (i.e. PA over estimators) benefited from greater well-being, even when compared to accurate individuals.
Conclusions
While people appear to use retrospective PA overestimation as a strategy to enhance well-being and resilience, they are not likely to underestimate past negative experiences to feel better. Accordingly, owning an optimistic vision of the past may represent an adaptive “distortion” of reality that fosters people’s mental health. The clinical implications of cultivating PA and learning strategies to regulate both negative and positive emotions are discussed.
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22
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Montana JI, Matamala-Gomez M, Maisto M, Mavrodiev PA, Cavalera CM, Diana B, Mantovani F, Realdon O. The Benefits of emotion Regulation Interventions in Virtual Reality for the Improvement of Wellbeing in Adults and Older Adults: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9020500. [PMID: 32059514 PMCID: PMC7073752 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of emotion regulation interventions on wellbeing has been extensively documented in literature, although only in recent years virtual reality (VR) technologies have been incorporated in the design of such interventions, in both clinical and non-clinical settings. A systematic search, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, was therefore carried out to explore the state of the art in emotion regulation interventions for wellbeing using virtual reality. The literature on this topic was queried, 414 papers were screened, and 11 studies were included, covering adults and older adults. Our findings offer an overview of the current use of VR technologies for the enhancement of emotion regulation (ER) and wellbeing. The results are promising and suggest that VR-based emotion regulation training can facilitate the promotion of wellbeing. An overview of VR-based training interventions is crucial for better understanding how to use these tools in the clinical settings. This review offers a critical debate on the structure of such intervention protocols. It also analyzes and highlights the crucial role played by the selection of the objective and subjective wellbeing assessment measures of said intervention protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Isbely Montana
- Department of Human Sciences for Education, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126 Milano, Italy; (M.M.-G.); (M.M.); (P.A.M.); (B.D.); (F.M.); (O.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Marta Matamala-Gomez
- Department of Human Sciences for Education, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126 Milano, Italy; (M.M.-G.); (M.M.); (P.A.M.); (B.D.); (F.M.); (O.R.)
| | - Marta Maisto
- Department of Human Sciences for Education, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126 Milano, Italy; (M.M.-G.); (M.M.); (P.A.M.); (B.D.); (F.M.); (O.R.)
| | - Petar Aleksandrov Mavrodiev
- Department of Human Sciences for Education, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126 Milano, Italy; (M.M.-G.); (M.M.); (P.A.M.); (B.D.); (F.M.); (O.R.)
| | - Cesare Massimo Cavalera
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Gemelli 1, 20100 Milan, Italy;
| | - Barbara Diana
- Department of Human Sciences for Education, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126 Milano, Italy; (M.M.-G.); (M.M.); (P.A.M.); (B.D.); (F.M.); (O.R.)
| | - Fabrizia Mantovani
- Department of Human Sciences for Education, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126 Milano, Italy; (M.M.-G.); (M.M.); (P.A.M.); (B.D.); (F.M.); (O.R.)
| | - Olivia Realdon
- Department of Human Sciences for Education, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126 Milano, Italy; (M.M.-G.); (M.M.); (P.A.M.); (B.D.); (F.M.); (O.R.)
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Prosocial Virtual Reality, Empathy, and EEG Measures: A Pilot Study Aimed at Monitoring Emotional Processes in Intergroup Helping Behaviors. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10041196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
During a non-invasive procedure, participants both helped and helped by a confederate with features that create social distance (membership in an ethnic outgroup or another social group). For this purpose, we created a set of virtual scenarios in which the confederate’s ethnicity (white vs. black) and appearance (business man vs. beggar, with casual dress as a control condition) were crossed. The study aimed to explore how the emotional reactions of participants changed according to the confederate’s status signals as well as signals that they belong to the same or a different ethnic group. Participants’ alertness, calmness, and engagement were monitored using electroencephalogram (EEG) during the original virtual reality (VR) video sessions. Participants’ distress and empathy when exposed to helping interactions were self-assessed after the VR video sessions. The results pointed out that, irrespective of whether they helped the confederate or were helped by him/her, white participants showed higher levels of alertness when exposed to helping interactions involving a white beggar or a black businessman, and their emotional calmness and engagement were higher when interacting with a black beggar or a white businessman. The results for self-assessed distress and empathy followed the same tendency, indicating how physiological and self-assessed measures can both contribute to a better understanding of the emotional processes in virtual intergroup helping situations. Based on the presented results, the methodological and practical implications of VR in terms of enhancing self-reflective capacities in intergroup helping processes are discussed.
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Kasparian NA. Heart care before birth: A psychobiological perspective on fetal cardiac diagnosis. PROGRESS IN PEDIATRIC CARDIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ppedcard.2019.101142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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