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Rogowska AM, Cincio A. Procrastination Mediates the Relationship between Problematic TikTok Use and Depression among Young Adults. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1247. [PMID: 38592070 PMCID: PMC10932071 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Although the prevalence of depression has increased significantly in recent years, especially in the young adult population, little is known about its causes and risk factors. The study aims to examine the mediating role of TikTok use in the relationships between procrastination and depression in young adults. Methods: A sample of 448 adults, ranging in age from 18 to 35 years (M = 24.45, SD = 3.76), including 214 men (48%), participated in the study. The cross-sectional survey consists of a modified Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale (BFAS) to assess problematic TikTok use (PTTU), the Pure Procrastination Scale (PPS) for procrastination measurement, and the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for screening depression symptoms. Results: The independent samples t-test indicates that emerging adults (ages ranging between 18 and 25 years) have more severe depression symptoms than young adults (26-35 years old). Gender differences were not found for procrastination, PTTU, and depression symptoms. Positive correlations were found between procrastination, PTTU, and depression symptoms. PTTU plays a mediating role in the associations between procrastination and depression. Conclusions: Both procrastination and PTTU treatment should be prioritized in the prevention and intervention programs for improving mental health among young adults. Some effective therapeutic methods are recommended.
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Montag C, Markett S. Depressive inclinations mediate the association between personality (neuroticism/conscientiousness) and TikTok Use Disorder tendencies. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:81. [PMID: 38368362 PMCID: PMC10873925 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01541-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We introduce a novel measure for assessing TikTok overuse, called the TikTok Use Disorder-Questionnaire (TTUD-Q). As part of ongoing investigations into the suitability of the World Health Organization's (WHO) framework for diagnosing Gaming Disorder in the context of social media overuse, we developed this questionnaire by adapting the WHO framework, replacing the term "gaming" with "TikTok use". METHODS In order to address this question, we investigated the psychometric properties of the newly designed TTUD-Q and assessed its associations with the BFI-10 (assessing the Big Five of Personality) and the PHQ-8 (assessing depressive tendencies). RESULTS In this study, involving a final sample of 378 participants, we observed that higher levels of neuroticism were linked to greater tendencies toward TikTok Use Disorder (TTUD). Furthermore, we identified that this association was mediated by depressive tendencies. Similar trends emerged when investigating the relationship between lower levels of conscientiousness and higher TTUD tendencies, with depressive tendencies once again serving as a mediator. DISCUSSION Our research sets the foundation for future studies that should delve deeper into examining individual differences in TTUD using the WHO framework originally designed for Gaming Disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Montag
- Department of Molecular Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Helmholtzstr. 8/1, Ulm, 89081, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Markett
- Molecular Psychology, Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Zhang QY, Kim MC, Chang M. The impact of SNS and Covid-19-related stress of Chinese students in Korea based on the transaction theory of stress and coping. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24111. [PMID: 38333880 PMCID: PMC10850414 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Many countries attract international students to higher education programs to invest in human resources. However, living abroad can be stressful and adversely affect international students' mental and physical health. This study, conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, investigated stress-related factors affecting the socio-psychological health of Chinese students, the greatest proportion of international students in Korea. The path coefficients and mediating effects of COVID-19-related stress factors were analyzed via a transaction-based stress model for 307 students using partial least squares structural equation modeling. Cultural adaptive stress had the greatest impact on mental health. Perceived financial stress was not statistically significant. Additionally, because the COVID-19 situation in Korea is relatively mild, anxiety regarding the pandemic did not lead to stress. However, excessive COVID-19-related information on social networking services negatively impacted mental health. Understanding the causes of stress and taking preemptive measures to prevent it will result in positive educational and social impacts for both international students and host countries. This study's results have implications for the formulation of international student policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Yue Zhang
- BK 21 Social Data Science Educational Research Group, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju-si, Jeju, Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea
| | - Min-Cheol Kim
- BK 21 Social Data Science Educational Research Group, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju-si, Jeju, Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea
| | - Mona Chang
- BK 21 Social Data Science Educational Research Group, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju-si, Jeju, Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea
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4
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Landa-Blanco M, García YR, Landa-Blanco AL, Cortés-Ramos A, Paz-Maldonado E. Social media addiction relationship with academic engagement in university students: The mediator role of self-esteem, depression, and anxiety. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24384. [PMID: 38293527 PMCID: PMC10825341 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
This research analyzed how addiction to social media relates to academic engagement in university students, considering the mediating role of self-esteem, symptoms of depression, and anxiety. A quantitative methodology was used with a non-experimental-relational design. A set of questionnaires was applied to a non-probabilistic sample of 412 students enrolled at the National Autonomous University of Honduras. On average, participants use 4.83 different social media platforms at least once a week. Instagram and TikTok users report significantly higher levels of social media addiction, symptoms of depression, and anxiety compared to non-users. Directly, social media addiction does not significantly influence academic engagement scores. However, there are significant indirect inverse effects on academic engagement. Symptoms of depression and self-esteem mediate these effects. Social media addiction increases symptoms of depression, which in turn decreases academic engagement scores. Social media addiction decreases self-esteem, which serves as a variable that significantly increases academic engagement. Overall, findings suggest that social media addiction has a total inverse effect on academic engagement; symptoms of depression and self-esteem mediate this relationship. The implications of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Landa-Blanco
- Degree in Clinical Psychology, School of Psychological Sciences, National Autonomous University of Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - Yarell Reyes García
- Degree in Clinical Psychology, School of Psychological Sciences, National Autonomous University of Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - Ana Lucía Landa-Blanco
- Degree in Clinical Psychology, School of Psychological Sciences, National Autonomous University of Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - Antonio Cortés-Ramos
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Education, Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, University of Malaga, 29010, Malaga, Spain
| | - Eddy Paz-Maldonado
- Department of Pedagogy and Educational Sciences, National Autonomous University of Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
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Babiker A, Almourad MB, Panourgia C, Alshakhsi S, Montag C, Ali R. Need for Affect, Problematic Social Media Use and the Mediating Role of Fear of Missing Out in European and Arab Samples. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:5025-5039. [PMID: 38116587 PMCID: PMC10728306 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s435437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The growing awareness and concern about the excessive use of social media have led to an increasing number of studies investigating the underlying factors contributing to this behavior. In the literature, it is discussed that problematic social media use (PSMU) can impact individuals' mental health and well-being. Drawing on the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model, this study aimed to examine the association between the need for affect (affect approach and affect avoidance) and PSMU (operationalized via the social media disorder scale), as well as the mediating role of fear of missing out (FoMO) in that relation. Participants and Methods Data were collected via an online survey from 513 participants in European and Arabic countries. Regression and mediation analyses were conducted to explore the relationships between affect approach, affect avoidance, FoMO, and PSMU. Results Regression analysis results indicated that both affect approach and affect avoidance as part of the need for affect construct significantly predicted PSMU in both cultural contexts. Mediation analysis showed that FoMO partially mediated the relationship between affect approach and PSMU in the Arab sample but not in the European sample. Beyond this, FoMO partially mediated the relationship between affect avoidance and PSMU in both cultural samples. Conclusion The present study indicates that managing emotions could be an effective strategy to combat PSMU. In line with this and against the background of the data business model behind social media companies, we deem it to be of importance to minimize triggers related to FoMO in the design of social media platforms (for example, push notifications). This might be particularly relevant for individuals with a high inclination towards affect approach and affect avoidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areej Babiker
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | - Sameha Alshakhsi
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Christian Montag
- Department of Molecular Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Raian Ali
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
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Pawlikowska-Gorzelańczyk A, Fichte D, Rozmus J, Roder P, Flakus R, Szuster E, Brawańska K, Biernikiewicz M, Sobieszczańska M, Rusiecka A, Kałka D. Impact of Internet Addiction, Social Media Use and Online Pornography on the Male Sexual Function in Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6407. [PMID: 37835052 PMCID: PMC10573317 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12196407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Over recent decades, the use of the Internet has dramatically increased, both for professional purposes and entertainment. We investigated the link between social media use, video games, dating apps, and pornography on men's sexual health, which makes life easier, but also carries potential threats. Online surveys including The International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) and Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale questionnaires were spread to young, sexually active men. We asked about demographics, sexual activity, and the use of social media, video games, dating apps, and pornography. We enrolled 702 men aged 18 to 60 years (mean 24.06 ± 5.70). In general, 1.6% of men were exposed to social media addiction. Social media addiction had a negative impact on IIEF scores, while pornography in general had no impact on men's sexual health. However, more extensive use of pornography was correlated with lower IIEF scores. A negative impact of dating apps use on the IIEF score was also found but the correlation was weak (p = 0.049). No correlation was found between playing games and IIEF. We conclude that social media addiction negatively affected men's sexual functioning during the COVID-19 pandemic. The development of strategies for the safe use of the Internet and dissemination of this knowledge through social media campaigns can help young people to recognize the first symptoms of social media addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Fichte
- Cardiosexology Students Club, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Julia Rozmus
- Cardiosexology Students Club, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Piotr Roder
- Cardiosexology Students Club, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Remigiusz Flakus
- Cardiosexology Students Club, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ewa Szuster
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Kinga Brawańska
- Cardiosexology Students Club, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
| | | | | | - Agnieszka Rusiecka
- Statistical Analysis Centre, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dariusz Kałka
- Faculty of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wrocław, Poland
- Men’s Health Centre in Wrocław, 53-151 Wroclaw, Poland
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Faghani N, Moghadasin M. Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of Social Anxiety Scale for Social Media Users (SAS-SMU). IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2023; 18:406-419. [PMID: 37881415 PMCID: PMC10593990 DOI: 10.18502/ijps.v18i4.13628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Social anxiety refers to an excessive concern or fear about social situations. It seems that social media, which has become one of the most popular and effective tools for communication today, can be one of the contexts of social anxiety. Due to the lack of a Persian instrument to assess social anxiety in the context of social networks, the current study was undertaken to analyze the psychometric criteria of the Iranian version of the Social Anxiety Scale for Social Media Users (SAS-SMU). The SAS-SMU is a 21-item questionnaire designed by Alkis and colleagues (2017) to measure social anxiety emerging from the social media platforms. Method : In this study, a total of 842 participants within the age range of 11 to 82 years old (mean age 33.11 ± 12.134), 59% female) answered the questions in an online survey. The original version of the scale was translated into Persian using the back translation procedure. All participants completed a Demographic Questionnaire, the SAS-SMU, and the Beck Anxiety Inventory. In order to analyze the collected data, internal and external consistency, factor analysis, construct validity, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were examined. A significance level of less than 0.05 was considered to determine statistical significance. Results: Four subscales were obtained from the exploratory factor analysis (SCA, PCA, IA, and SEA), which were confirmed by the confirmatory factor analysis. Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency was found to be 0.931 for the total scale and 0.920, 0.846, 0.901, 0.828 for SCA, PCA, IA, and SEA, respectively. In addition, the test-retest scores of 30 participants (interval: between 2 to 3 weeks) for all four subscales (SCA = 0.641, PCA = 0.773, IA = 0.688, SEA = 0.727) indicated acceptable stability of the questionnaire over time. Conclusion: This study validates the Persian version of the SAS-SMU for use in studies in the field of psychological problems related to social media and online communications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Faghani
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Moghadasin
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
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Zhou W, Yan Z, Yang Z, Hussain Z. Problematic social media use and mental health risks among first-year Chinese undergraduates: a three-wave longitudinal study. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1237924. [PMID: 37743982 PMCID: PMC10512716 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1237924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The association between social media use and mental health risks has been widely investigated over the past two decades with many cross-sectional studies reporting that problematic social media use (PSMU) is associated with higher mental health risk such as anxiety and depression. The present study examined the relationship between PSMU severity and mental health risks (depression, anxiety, stress, and loneliness) using a three-wave longitudinal design. Methods A total of 685 first-year Chinese undergraduate students (Mean age = 19.12 years, SD = 0.92) completed surveys at three times points with intervals of 3 to 4 months. Results revealed that PSMU was positively correlated with all the mental health risk variables over the three time points. Results The prevalence of PSMU increased over the three research waves. Cross-lagged models identified bi-directional relationships between PSMU and mental health risks, while such links were not consistent between different mental health risk variables and can change over different research intervals. Discussion This study indicates that PSMU and mental health risks could predict each other in a vicious loop, but the differences between specific mental health risks and the research context (e.g., different term times and experiences in university) should not be ignored. Further research attention should be paid to the prevalence of PSMU and mental health conditions among Chinese first-year undergraduates who appear to have difficulties in adapting to university life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqi Zhou
- Department of Psychology, School of Education, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhihao Yan
- Department of Psychology, School of Education, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- School of Educational Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Zeyang Yang
- Department of Psychology, School of Education, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zaheer Hussain
- School of Social Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Plackett R, Blyth A, Schartau P. The Impact of Social Media Use Interventions on Mental Well-Being: Systematic Review. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e44922. [PMID: 37565693 PMCID: PMC10457695 DOI: 10.2196/44922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is some evidence that more social media use is related to poorer mental well-being and that social media use can become problematic when it starts to interfere with a person's daily life and mental well-being. To address this issue and improve users' mental well-being, social media use interventions (eg, abstinence from social media) have been developed and evaluated. However, there is limited understanding of the effectiveness of these interventions in improving mental well-being. OBJECTIVE This systematic review aimed to synthesize the literature on the effectiveness of social media use interventions in improving mental well-being in adults. METHODS A systematic search (January 1, 2004, to July 31, 2022) was completed across 3 databases in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Experimental studies evaluating the impact of social media use interventions on mental well-being in adults were included. Outcomes related to mental well-being, such as depression, anxiety, stress, and loneliness, were included. A narrative synthesis without meta-analysis was completed to summarize the study characteristics and effectiveness by outcome and intervention type. The Effective Public Health Practice Project Quality Assessment Tool was used to measure the quality of the studies. RESULTS Of the 2785 studies identified through the systematic search, 23 (0.83%) were included in the analysis. Many of the included studies (9/23, 39%) found improvements in mental well-being, some (7/23, 30%) found mixed effects, and others (7/23, 30%) found no effect on mental well-being. Therapy-based interventions that used techniques such as cognitive behavioral therapy were more effective than limiting use of social media or full abstinence from social media, with 83% (5/6) of these studies showing improvements in mental well-being compared with 20% (1/5) and 25% (3/12), respectively. Depression was the most frequently investigated and improved outcome with 70% (7/10) of the studies showing a significant improvement in depression after the intervention, whereas other outcomes showed more varied results. Quality was poor, with 96% (22/23) of the studies receiving a weak global score, mostly for issues related to selection bias because most of the studies (16/23, 70%) used a convenience sampling of university students. CONCLUSIONS This review provides some evidence that social media use interventions are effective in improving mental well-being, especially for depression and when using therapy-based interventions. Further experimental and longitudinal research is needed with representative samples to investigate who may benefit most from social media use interventions. This will help to develop guidance and recommendations for policy makers and clinicians on how best to manage problematic social media use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Plackett
- Research Department of Primary Care & Population Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra Blyth
- Research Department of Primary Care & Population Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia Schartau
- Research Department of Primary Care & Population Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Yao N, Chen J, Huang S, Montag C, Elhai JD. Depression and social anxiety in relation to problematic TikTok use severity: The mediating role of boredom proneness and distress intolerance. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2023.107751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
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Wegmann E, Schiebener J, Brand M. Social-networks use as adaptive or maladaptive strategy for coping with stress. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11895. [PMID: 37482602 PMCID: PMC10363535 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39042-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Social networks are frequently used to distract, procrastinate, or cope with stress. We aimed to investigate how (problematic) social-networks use affect stress perception in interaction with different stress recovery conditions. A total of 104 participants were randomly assigned to one of four groups. Three groups underwent a stress induction with subsequent stress recovery via (1) using Facebook, (2) reading magazines, or (3) waiting. Another group (4) waited without stress induction. Stress perception was repeatedly assessed with the State-Trait-Anxiety-Inventory. Facebook use and reading magazines decreased acute stress indicating adaptive coping strategies. Stress-recovery conditions and symptom severity showed significant interactions. Facebook use was not effective for individuals with high symptom severity in contrast to non-digital strategies or for individuals with low symptom severity. The usage of social networks may be an adaptive strategy for coping with stress for some people, it is maladaptive for individuals having a problematic usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Wegmann
- Department of General Psychology: Cognition and Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR), University of Duisburg-Essen, Forsthausweg 2, 47057, Duisburg, Germany.
| | - Johannes Schiebener
- Department of General Psychology: Cognition and Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR), University of Duisburg-Essen, Forsthausweg 2, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Brand
- Department of General Psychology: Cognition and Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR), University of Duisburg-Essen, Forsthausweg 2, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
- Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Essen, Germany
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Péter L, Paksi B, Magi A, Eisinger A, Kótyuk E, Czakó A, Griffiths MD, Demetrovics Z, Andó B. Severity of behavioral addiction symptoms among young adults using non-prescribed sedatives/hypnotics. Addict Behav Rep 2023; 17:100485. [PMID: 36941849 PMCID: PMC10024082 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2023.100485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Young adulthood is considered a critical period in terms of non-medical use of sedatives/hypnotics (NMUSH) as well as different types of behavioral addictions (BAs). However, the relationship between these behaviors has received scarce attention among young adult samples. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the association between NMUSH and symptoms of distinct BAs among young adults. Materials and methods Analyses were conducted based on the data of two large sample studies (including a representative sample) carried out with young adult samples. The following BAs were assessed: problematic internet use, problematic video gaming, problematic social media use, problem gambling, exercise addiction, eating disorders, compulsive buying behavior, problematic mobile phone use, work addiction, and hair pulling. Symptoms of distinct BAs were analyzed in three groups formed based on the NMUSH: non-users, lifetime users, and current users. Results The symptoms of problematic internet use, problematic social media use, problem gambling, exercise addiction, eating disorders, compulsive buying behavior and work addiction were significantly more severe among lifetime and/or current non-medical sedative and hypnotic users, compared to the non-user participants. The symptoms of problematic mobile phone use were the most severe in the non-user group. Conclusions The results suggest co-occurrence between NMUSH and distinct BAs among young adults. These findings draw attention to the need for preventive interventions for this high-risk population.
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Key Words
- BA, behavioral addiction
- BLS, Budapest Longitudinal Study
- BWAS, Bergen Work Addiction Scale
- Behavioral addictions
- CUs, current users
- DSM‐IV‐MR‐J, Diagnostic Statistical Manual‐IV‐Adapted for Juveniles
- EAI, Exercise Addiction Inventory
- Hypnotics
- IGD, internet gaming disorder
- IGDT-10, Ten-Item Internet Gaming Disorder Test
- LUs, lifetime users
- MGH-HPS, Massachusetts General Hospital Hairpulling Scale
- NMUSH, non-medical use of sedatives/hypnotics
- NUs, non-users
- Non-medical prescription drug use
- PGA, Psychological and Genetic Factors of Addictive Behaviors Study
- PGSI, Problem Gambling Severity Index
- PIUQ, Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire
- PMPUQ-SV, Problematic Mobile Phone Use Questionnaire
- POGQ, Problematic Online Gaming Questionnaire
- RCBS, Richmond Compulsive Buying Scale
- Sedatives
- Young adults
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Péter
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Szeged, 8-10 Korányi fasor, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Borbála Paksi
- Institute of Education, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 23-27 Kazinczy Street, Budapest H-1075, Hungary
| | - Anna Magi
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 46 Izabella Street, Budapest H-1064, Hungary
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 46 Izabella Street, Budapest H-1064, Hungary
| | - Andrea Eisinger
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 46 Izabella Street, Budapest H-1064, Hungary
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 46 Izabella Street, Budapest H-1064, Hungary
| | - Eszter Kótyuk
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 46 Izabella Street, Budapest H-1064, Hungary
| | - Andrea Czakó
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 46 Izabella Street, Budapest H-1064, Hungary
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Europa Point Campus, Gibraltar GX11 1AA, Gibraltar
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, 50 Shakespeare Street, NG1 4FQ Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 46 Izabella Street, Budapest H-1064, Hungary
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Europa Point Campus, Gibraltar GX11 1AA, Gibraltar
| | - Bálint Andó
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Szeged, 8-10 Korányi fasor, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
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Sangchooli A, Hamzehzadeh M, Rafiemanesh H, Ghani K, Farnam R, Rahimi-Movaghar A. Development and Psychometric Evaluation of a DSM-V-Based Social Networking Site Use Disorder Test: The SNS-DT-10. Psychol Rep 2023; 126:1551-1562. [PMID: 35067129 DOI: 10.1177/00332941211065950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
While the problematic use of Social Networking Sites (SNS) has been observed in some individuals, few validated and widely accepted measures are available to assess and screen for problematic use. This is an attempt at adapting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-based Internet Gaming Disorder Test-10 (IGDT-10) measure to assess SNS use disorder and problematic SNS use in the form of the SNS use disorder Test-10 (SNS-DT-10) questionnaire, and assessing its validity and reliability. The study was conducted in three phases: First, the IGDT-10 questionnaire was translated and adapted to assess SNS use disorder, and content validity was assessed. Then, a sample of 126 students from the Tehran University of Medical Sciences was used to determine internal consistency and construct validity using confirmatory factor analysis. Finally, retest data from 87 participants were used to estimate test-retest reliability. Item content validity indices were above .80 and scale content validity indices surpassed .83. The root mean square error of approximation for the 1-factor model was .04 and the comparative fit and Tucker-Lewis fit indices were .97 and .96, respectively, indicating appropriate construct validity. The intra-class correlation coefficient of the number of positive criteria for SNS use disorder was .81 and the Kappa coefficients for SNS use disorder and problematic SNS use were .85 and .57. Cronbach's alpha was .79 for the entire questionnaire. Overall, the SNS-DT-10 questionnaire has appropriate content and construct validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability. Further validation of this questionnaire in larger and more diverse samples and comparison with professional clinical diagnostic interviews are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshiya Sangchooli
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Hamzehzadeh
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hosein Rafiemanesh
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Kamyar Ghani
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rabert Farnam
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Adaptation of the Bergen Instagram addiction scale in Argentina: calibration with item response theory. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04257-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
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15
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Yang Z, Xu W. Who post more negatively on social media? A large-scale sentiment analysis of Weibo users. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03616-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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16
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Yang H, Wang Z, Elhai JD, Montag C. The relationship between adolescent emotion dysregulation and problematic technology use: Systematic review of the empirical literature. J Behav Addict 2022; 11:290-304. [PMID: 35895565 PMCID: PMC9295251 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2022.00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS We aimed to systematically identify, evaluate and summarize the research on adolescent emotion dysregulation and problematic technology use. We critically appraise strengths and limitations and provide recommendations for future research. METHODS We followed the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and conducted a systematic review of published original reports on adolescent emotion dysregulation and problematic technology use published until March 1, 2022. A thorough search preceded the selection of studies matching prespecified criteria. Strengths and limitations of selected studies, regarding design and reporting, were identified based on current best practices. RESULTS 39 studies met inclusion criteria. All of these studies provided on the relationship between adolescent emotion dysregulation and problematic technology use severity based on self-report data. DISCUSSION There was a positive correlation between adolescent emotion dysregulation and the severity of problematic technology use. Beyond this, other variables (such as anxiety, depression, self-esteem, etc.) were also closely related to emotion dysregulation and problematic technology use. Such studies are of importance to better understand cause-effect relations regarding both variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Yang
- Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China,Tianjin Social Science Laboratory of Students' Mental Development and Learning, Tianjin 300387, China,Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Zihao Wang
- Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Jon D. Elhai
- Department of Psychology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Christian Montag
- Department of Molecular Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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17
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Brailovskaia J, Margraf J. Addictive social media use during Covid-19 outbreak: Validation of the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) and investigation of protective factors in nine countries. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022:1-19. [PMID: 35615694 PMCID: PMC9122809 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03182-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Since the Covid-19 outbreak, addictive social media use increased in many countries. To better understand this development, a universal instrument for the assessment of addictive social media use is required. Against this background, we examined the psychometric properties of the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) in representative population samples in nine countries (N = 9418, age range: "18 to 24 years" (youngest group), "55 years and older" (oldest group): China, France, Germany, Poland, Russia, Spain, Sweden, U.K., U.S.). Furthermore, we investigated potential factors and mechanisms that could be associated with addictive social media use. Our cross-national findings show that the BSMAS is a unidimensional reliable and valid instrument. Moreover, they reveal that the negative association between positive mental health and addictive social media use is mediated by sense of control in seven of the nine countries (exception: China, Russia). Thus, it can be hypothesized that activities which increase positive mental health could indirectly contribute to the decrease of addictive social media use. We identified conscious engagement in physical activity and a regular sleep rhythm during the pandemic as such potential activities. The fostering of both by governmental programs could enhance positive mental health and reduce addictive social media use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Brailovskaia
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany
| | - Jürgen Margraf
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany
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18
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Decision Making and Risk Propensity in Individuals with Tendencies towards Specific Internet-Use Disorders. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12020201. [PMID: 35203964 PMCID: PMC8870372 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12020201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The uncontrolled use of specific Internet applications is increasingly recognized as a mental health issue. Gaming disorder, which is one subtype of specific Internet-use disorders (sIUDs), has been included in the ICD-11 as disorder due to addictive behaviors. Addictive disorders are assumed to be accompanied by cognitive deficits as indicated by weaker performance in executive function and risky decision-making tasks. This study investigates risky decision-making in individuals with tendencies towards sIUDs including gaming, online buying-shopping, and social-networks-use disorders. A total of 293 individuals participated in the study. Based on specific screening instruments, the participants were assigned to a group with tendencies towards sIUD or a control group. Participants completed a risky decision-making task and questionnaires assessing risk-taking propensity, impulsivity, psychopathology, and perceived stress. The group with sIUD tendencies showed higher attentional impulsivity and higher levels of depression and anxiety compared to the control group. The groups did not differ in decision making and risk propensity. Decision making did not have significant effects on sIUD symptoms. Risk for developing sIUDs does not appear to be accompanied by altered general decision-making tendencies. Rather, psychological (pre-)load and attentional deficits appear to be relevant features in uncontrolled use of the Internet.
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19
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Valkenburg PM. Social media use and well-being: What we know and what we need to know. Curr Opin Psychol 2021; 45:101294. [PMID: 35016087 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Research into the impact of social media use (SMU) on well-being (e.g., happiness) and ill-being (e.g., depression) has exploded over the past few years. From 2019 to August 2021, 27 reviews have been published: nine meta-analyses, nine systematic reviews, and nine narrative reviews, which together included hundreds of empirical studies. The aim of this umbrella review is to synthesize the results of these meta-analyses and reviews. Even though the meta-analyses are supposed to rely on the same evidence base, they yielded disagreeing associations with well- and ill-being, especially for time spent on SM, active SMU, and passive SMU. This umbrella review explains why their results disagree, summarizes the gaps in the literature, and ends with recommendations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patti M Valkenburg
- Amsterdam School of Communication Research, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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20
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Marino C, Canale N, Melodia F, Spada MM, Vieno A. The Overlap Between Problematic Smartphone Use and Problematic Social Media Use: a Systematic Review. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40429-021-00398-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose of Review
Over the last decade, problematic smartphone use (PSU) and problematic social media use (PSMU) have emerged as new potential problematic behaviours. Several studies have suggested that smartphones are predominantly used for social purposes (i.e., using messaging apps and social networking sites). The aim of the current article is to provide a systematic review of the extant literature that has explicitly analysed the association between PSU and PSMU in order to examine study characteristics in terms of samples analysed and effect sizes of the associations reported. This systematic review is based on the ongoing debate about whether the smartphone can be considered as the medium of one or more problematic activities, including PSMU.
Recent Findings
Existing evidence suggests that the effect sizes of the associations between PSU and PSMU are medium to large and large across the 13 studies included, with the largest correlations observed between PSU and problematic WhatsApp use or general PSMU. Overall, reviewed results suggest a partial overlap between the two problematic behaviours.
Summary
PSU and PSMU are overlapped mostly because the smartphone is a common medium to use social media, especially concerning instant messaging apps like WhatsApp. Moreover, PSU should be preferentially studied with a focus on specific types of apps used rather than a more holistic phenomenon.
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21
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Rozgonjuk D, Davis KL, Montag C. The Roles of Primary Emotional Systems and Need Satisfaction in Problematic Internet and Smartphone Use: A Network Perspective. Front Psychol 2021; 12:709805. [PMID: 34531797 PMCID: PMC8438112 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.709805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Problematic Internet and smartphone use (PIU and PSU, respectively) have received significant attention over the past years. In the current work, we studied the associations between PIU and PSU, primary emotional systems, and need satisfaction. The effective sample comprised 399 people who responded to scales measuring these variables. Bivariate correlation analysis showed that both PSU and PIU were positively associated with negative primary emotion traits (FEAR, ANGER, SADNESS) as well as lower scores on most of the need satisfaction factors. Network analysis showed that while PIU and PSU have a strong association with each other, in general, there were not many significant correlations between PSU, PIU, and other variables in the network. The associations being present were rather weak. Network analysis showed that PSU was positively associated with FEAR, ANGER, PLAY primary emotional systems. Both PSU and PIU had a negative association with safety and security and physiological needs satisfaction. Moreover, PSU had a positive link with belongingness need satisfaction, while higher PIU was associated with lower esteem and self-actualization need satisfaction. Addressing those unmet needs may be helpful in reducing problematic technology use, but further research testing this would be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri Rozgonjuk
- Department of Molecular Psychology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Christian Montag
- Department of Molecular Psychology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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22
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Hussain Z, Wegmann E. Problematic social networking site use and associations with anxiety, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and resilience. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chbr.2021.100125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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23
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Barbar S, Haddad C, Sacre H, Dagher D, Akel M, Kheir N, Salameh P, Hallit S, Obeid S. Factors associated with problematic social media use among a sample of Lebanese adults: The mediating role of emotional intelligence. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2021; 57:1313-1322. [PMID: 33217009 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the relationship of smoking (cigarettes or waterpipe), alcohol drinking, alexithymia, self-esteem, anxiety, depression, stress, social phobia, emotional intelligence, impulsivity, insomnia, physical health, and loneliness with problematic social media use (PSMU) in a sample of Lebanese citizens. METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 466 participants (January-May 2019). RESULTS Higher anxiety, alcohol use disorder, and social phobia were correlated with elevated PSMU, while older age was associated with lower PSMU. Emotional intelligence partially mediated the association between alexithymia and PSMU by 4.55%. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Since these manifestations are preventable, spreading awareness through our schools, educational programs, and even healthcare professionals would considerably reduce the pace at which young adults are transforming into anxious and distorted individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Barbar
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Departments of Research and Psychology, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | - Hala Sacre
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Dina Dagher
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Marwan Akel
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon.,School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nelly Kheir
- Departments of Research and Psychology, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | - Pascale Salameh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Departments of Research and Psychology, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
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24
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Bracci M, Guidi S, Marchigiani E, Masini M, Palmitesta P, Parlangeli O. Perception of Faces and Elaboration of Gender and Victim/Aggressor Stereotypes: The Influence of Internet Use and of the Perceiver's Personality. Front Psychol 2021; 12:561480. [PMID: 34239467 PMCID: PMC8258252 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.561480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of social media, particularly among youngsters, is characterized by simple and fast image exploration, mostly of people, particularly faces. The study presented here was conducted in order to investigate stereotypical judgments about men and women concerning past events of aggression—perpetrated or suffered—expressed on the basis of their faces, and gender-related differences in the judgments. To this aim, 185 participants answered a structured questionnaire online. The questionnaire contained 30 photos of young people’s faces, 15 men and 15 women (Ma et al., 2015), selected on the basis of the neutrality of their expression, and participants were asked to rate each face with respect to masculinity/femininity, strength/weakness, and having a past of aggression, as a victim or as a perpetrator. Information about the empathic abilities and personality traits of participants were also collected. The results indicate that the stereotypes—both of gender and those of victims and perpetrators—emerge as a consequence of the visual exploration of faces that present no facial emotion. Some characteristics of the personality of the observers, such as neuroticism, extraversion, openness, conscientiousness, and affective empathy, have a role in facilitating or hindering stereotype processing, in different ways for male and female faces by male and female observers. In particular, both genders attribute their positive stereotypical attributes to same-gender faces: men see male faces as stronger, masculine, and more aggressive than women do, and women see female faces as more feminine, less weak, and less as victims than men do. Intensive use of social media emerges as a factor that could facilitate the expression of some stereotypes of violent experiences and considering female subjects as more aggressive. Findings in this study can contribute to research on aggressive behavior on the Internet and improve our understanding of the multiple factors involved in the elaboration of gender stereotypes relative to violent or victim behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Bracci
- Department of Social, Political and Cognitive Sciences, Dispoc, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Stefano Guidi
- Department of Social, Political and Cognitive Sciences, Dispoc, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Enrica Marchigiani
- Department of Social, Political and Cognitive Sciences, Dispoc, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Maurizio Masini
- Department of Social, Political and Cognitive Sciences, Dispoc, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Paola Palmitesta
- Department of Social, Political and Cognitive Sciences, Dispoc, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Oronzo Parlangeli
- Department of Social, Political and Cognitive Sciences, Dispoc, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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25
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Zhang H, Wang M, Li M, Chen X. Excessive Use of WeChat at Work Promotes Creativity: The Role of Knowledge Sharing, Psychological Strain. Front Psychol 2021; 12:571338. [PMID: 33815189 PMCID: PMC8012808 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.571338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The pervasive nature of social media can result in excessive use and addiction, but whether excessive use of social media is good or bad for individuals' creativity is unclear. This study explored the direct and indirect impact of excessive use of WeChat on individuals' creativity in workplace, focusing on how excessive use of WeChat promotes or restrains creativity through knowledge sharing and psychological strain. Based on the person–environment fit model and motivation theory, this study examined the three paths of excessive WeChat use affecting individuals' creativity in workplace. We used the structural equation model to test our research model. A survey of 364 employees revealed that excessive WeChat use directly promotes creativity and indirectly improves creativity via knowledge sharing, but excessive WeChat use does not lead to psychological strain. These findings, obtained by theoretically and empirically investigating the positive outcomes of excessive WeChat use, suggest an upside to excessive WeChat use. The implications and limitations of this study and future research on excessive-use behavior are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqin Zhang
- Business Administration, College of Management Science, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Business Administration, College of Management Science, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Meng Li
- Business Administration, College of Management Science, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Xudong Chen
- Business Administration, College of Management Science, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China
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26
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Problematic social networking site use: a brief review of recent research methods and the way forward. Curr Opin Psychol 2020; 36:89-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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27
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Cognitive Correlates in Gaming Disorder and Social Networks Use Disorder: a Comparison. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40429-020-00314-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose of Review
This overview aims at summarizing studies, which investigated cognitive correlates of gaming disorder and of a problematic use of social networks by using behavioral experimental paradigms and brain imaging techniques.
Recent Findings
Based on theoretical models, inhibition/inhibitory control, attentional bias, executive functions, decision-making, and working memory capabilities have been identified as cognitive components, which are assumed to play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of an addictive behavior. A systematic search shows that various studies have already examined the involvement of different cognitive components in both types of potential addictive behaviors. However, the number of studies addressing cognitive correlates of social networks use disorder is very much lower compared with gaming disorder, even if there is a positive trend in terms of new publications in recent years.
Summary
Cognitive correlates have been frequently investigated in gaming disorder, as in many other disorders due to substance use or addictive behaviors. Studies on cognitive aspects involved in a problematic social networks use are still rare, but they are needed in order to further show if this phenomenon may also deserve a classification as addictive disorder. Interactions between different cognitive and affective processes are still understudied in both gaming disorder and problematic social networks use.
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28
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Zhang Y, Li L, Zhang J. Curcumin in antidepressant treatments: An overview of potential mechanisms, pre‐clinical/clinical trials and ongoing challenges. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 127:243-253. [DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yinfeng Zhang
- International Medical Center Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Li Li
- International Medical Center Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Jinfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy School of Life Sciences Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China
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29
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Guo N, Luk TT, Wang MP, Ho SY, Fong DYT, Wan A, Chan SSC, Lam TH. Self-Reported Screen Time on Social Networking Sites Associated With Problematic Smartphone Use in Chinese Adults: A Population-Based Study. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:614061. [PMID: 33519554 PMCID: PMC7840886 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.614061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Problematic smartphone use (PSU) has been associated with screen time in general, but little is known about the effect of different screen-based activities. We examined the associations of self-reported time spent on overall and specific screen-based activities with PSU and its addictive symptoms in Hong Kong Chinese adults. Methods: We analyzed data from 562 smartphone owners (56.5% female; 82.1% aged 25-64 years) in a population-based telephone survey in 2017. PSU was measured using Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (range 10-60) which includes symptoms of daily-life disturbance, withdrawal, cyberspace-oriented relationship, overuse, and tolerance. Screen time was self-reported as average hours per day spent on the internet, online book/newspaper/magazine, online video, and social networking sites (SNS). Multivariable linear regression analyzed the associations of self-reported screen time with PSU severity and symptoms. Interaction effects of sex, age group, educational attainment, and monthly household income were examined. Results: Self-reported time spent on overall screen-based activities was associated with PSU severity (β = 1.35, 95% CI 0.15, 2.55) and withdrawal and overuse symptoms, after adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related variables. Independent association was observed for self-reported SNS time with PSU severity (β = 1.42, 95% CI 0.35, 2.49) and symptoms of withdrawal and cyberspace-oriented relationship, after mutually adjusting for time on other activities. The strongest association between self-reported SNS time and PSU severity was observed in younger than older adults (β = 4.36, 95% CI 2.58, 6.13; P for interaction = 0.004). Conclusions: The independent association of self-reported SNS time with PSU and core addictive symptoms highlighted the addiction potential of SNS use, particularly in younger users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningyuan Guo
- School of Nursing, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tzu Tsun Luk
- School of Nursing, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Man Ping Wang
- School of Nursing, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sai Yin Ho
- School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Alice Wan
- Aberdeen Kai-fong Welfare Association Social Service, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Tai Hing Lam
- School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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30
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Montag C, Hegelich S. Understanding Detrimental Aspects of Social Media Use: Will the Real Culprits Please Stand Up? FRONTIERS IN SOCIOLOGY 2020; 5:599270. [PMID: 33869524 PMCID: PMC8022744 DOI: 10.3389/fsoc.2020.599270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Montag
- Department of Molecular Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- *Correspondence: Christian Montag
| | - Simon Hegelich
- Political Data Science, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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