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Bou-Hamad I, Hoteit J, Yehya N, Ghandour L. Personality traits and high cigarette dependence among university students: Insights from Lebanon. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298193. [PMID: 38359081 PMCID: PMC10868771 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The use of tobacco and cigarette products remains widespread globally, with varying patterns across countries. Understanding the factors influencing cigarette dependence among young adults is crucial for effective smoking prevention and control programs. Personality traits are one of the factors that influence smoking behaviour, yet the evidence on their role in high cigarette dependence among young adults remains inconclusive. This study aims to provide insights and initial evidence on the potential association between personality dimensions, sociodemographic factors, lifestyle habits, and high cigarette dependence among Lebanese university students. METHODS A convenient sample of 212 student smokers from one private and one public university in Lebanon participated in an online survey. The survey included measures of personality traits using the Big-Five framework, sociodemographic factors, lifestyle habits, and the Fagerström Test for Cigarette Dependence (FTCD). Logistic regression models and mediation analysis were used to analyze the data. RESULTS The results revealed significant associations between personality dimensions and high cigarette dependence among Lebanese university students. Smokers with higher levels of Openness to Experience were more likely to have high cigarette dependence (β = 0.408, p < = 0.015). Conversely, smokers with higher levels of Conscientiousness (β = -0.500, p < 0.001) and Agreeableness (β = -0.491, p < 0.01) were less likely to have high cigarette dependence. Additionally, attending a public university (β = 1.198, p = 0.018), having more close friends who smoke (β = 0.525, p < 0.01), and switching to a cheaper cigarette brand (β = 0.928, p < 0.05) were associated with a higher cigarette dependence. CONCLUSION These findings highlight the importance of considering personality dimensions, sociodemographic factors, and lifestyle habits in understanding high cigarette dependence among Lebanese university students. The results can inform the development of targeted interventions to address high cigarette dependence in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imad Bou-Hamad
- Department of Business Information and Decision Systems, Suliman S. Olayan School of Business, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jaafar Hoteit
- Department of Business Information and Decision Systems, Suliman S. Olayan School of Business, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nadine Yehya
- Department of Public Affairs and Marketing, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Lilian Ghandour
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Jin W, Xian B, Zhao L, Li C. Association between personality traits and smoking cessation among Chinese adults. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:398. [PMID: 37978396 PMCID: PMC10656871 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01442-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the tobacco epidemic is one of the greatest public health threats, the smoking cessation rate among Chinese adults is considerably lower. Personality information may indicate which treatments or interventions are more likely to be effective. China is the largest producer and consumer of tobacco worldwide. However, little is known about the association between smoking cessation and personality traits in China. AIM This study aimed to examine the association between successful smoking cessation and personality traits among Chinese adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study used data from the 2018 China Family Panel Studies. Probit regression models were employed to analyze the association between successful smoking cessation and personality traits stratified by sex. RESULTS Lower scores for neuroticism (Coef.=-0.055, p < 0.1), lower scores for extraversion (Coef.=-0.077, p < 0.05), and higher scores for openness to experience (Coef.=0.045, p < 0.1) predicted being a successful male quitter after adjusting for demographics. Moreover, lower scores for conscientiousness (Coef.=-0.150, p < 0.1) predicted being a successful female quitter after adjusting for demographics. CONCLUSION The empirical findings suggested that among Chinese men, lower levels of neuroticism, lower levels of extraversion, and higher levels of openness to experience were associated with a higher likelihood of smoking cessation. Moreover, lower levels of conscientiousness were associated with successful smoking cessation among Chinese women. These results showed that personality information should be included in smoking cessation interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyun Jin
- College of Humanities Education, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Bensong Xian
- School of Health Management, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Longlong Zhao
- School of Health Management, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Changle Li
- School of Health Management, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China.
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Hashim MAB, Ismail IHB, Md Sabri BAB. "We're tough, but so is quitting." Barriers to Smoking Cessation: The Royal Malaysian Navy Perspective. Mil Med 2023; 188:e3386-e3392. [PMID: 37525946 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usad268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tobacco kills half of its users. Despite this, there are over 1.1 billion smokers worldwide. Its harmful effects impair performance and readiness. Unfortunately, smoking has deeply ingrained in the military culture, as evidenced by the high prevalence. Hence, this study aims to identify the barriers to smoking cessation among this population. METHODS A study involving two groups of current smokers (commissioned officers and non-commissioned officers) was conducted using the modified nominal group technique (mNGT), a qualitative research method of judgmental decision-making involving four phases: Generating ideas, recording, evaluation, and prioritization. The mNGT was used to solicit respondents' barriers to smoking cessation. RESULTS The mNGT yielded seven main barriers to smoking cessation: (1) Addiction, (2) difficulty in staying focused without the usage of cigarettes, (3) smoking has been incorporated into an individual's lifestyle, (4) environmental influence, (5) coping mechanism, (6) the long-interval period between orders and duties exacerbates the desire to smoke, and (7) smoking has evolved into a permanent habit. Although nicotine addiction and habit were ranked as the most important barriers, the military working environment and nature of the job exposed them physically and mentally to unfavorable situations, complicating the quitting attempt. Furthermore, the acceptance of smoking in military culture leads to a positive smoker identity, further hindering cessation. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that in addition to barriers affecting the general population, military-specific barriers related to the nature of the job exist, complicating cessation. Hence, any intervention program should address these barriers to achieve positive outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhamad Arham Bin Hashim
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, Sungai Buloh, Selangor Darul Ehsan 47000, Malaysia
- The Malaysian Armed Forces, Malaysia
| | - Ikmal Hisham Bin Ismail
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, Sungai Buloh, Selangor Darul Ehsan 47000, Malaysia
| | - Budi Aslinie Binti Md Sabri
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, Sungai Buloh, Selangor Darul Ehsan 47000, Malaysia
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Nathaniel FA, Amtha R, Gunardi I, Hartanto FK, Sari EF. Enhanced Knowledge Inversed Attitude of Oral Cancer Risk Habit Associated With Sociocultural: A Quantitative and Qualitative Pilot Study. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2023; 13:380-387. [PMID: 38124722 PMCID: PMC10729886 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_20_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim In 2023, the global incidence of oral cancer reached 54,540 new cases, with risk factors including smoking (S), alcohol consumption (A), and betel quid chewing (BQC). The knowledge and attitudes about these risk factors impact this practice, particularly in communities that follow local traditions. The aim of this study was to determine the level of knowledge and attitude regarding risk factors for oral cancer on Flores Island, East Indonesia. Materials and Methods This was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design using quantitative and qualitative approaches. Structured questionnaires and focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with the community, local government, and dentists to obtain data; quantitative analysis was performed using regression; and qualitative analysis was performed using themes. Results Of 542 participants (men 66.42 %; women 33.57 %), 64.4% had a high level of knowledge and a low level of attitude for S = 62.5%, A = 66.7%, and BQC = 50.0%. There was a correlation between knowledge and attitudes about S (P = 0.009) and BQC (P = 0.011). The FGDs yielded 14 subjects (five men and nine women) with three themes of knowledge (betel nut ingredients, causes of cancer, and impacts of habits) and three themes of attitude (type of habit, desire to stop, and oral cancer prevention programs). On the basis of FGDs, most of the subjects already knew the causes of oral cancer, but the desire to stop and prevent oral cancer was difficult. Conclusion The population on Flores Island has a high level of knowledge but a low level of attitude. Nevertheless, it is difficult to minimize or eliminate oral cancer-risk behaviors due to their cultural and socioeconomic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rahmi Amtha
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Indrayadi Gunardi
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Elizabeth Fitriana Sari
- Dentistry Discipline, Department of Rural Clinical Science, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
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Associations Between Food Addiction and Substance-Use Disorders: A Critical Overview of their Overlapping Patterns of Consumption. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2022; 9:326-333. [PMID: 36277991 PMCID: PMC9579607 DOI: 10.1007/s40429-022-00443-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Research on patterns of overconsumption in individuals with food addiction (FA) has focused largely on binge eating. However, compulsive overeating can be varied and dimensional. This review focuses on the similarities between the patterns of consumption in FA and in other clinically established substance-use disorders, such as alcohol and nicotine dependence. It also highlights features that make FA unique to other addiction disorders. Recent Findings Overall, there is substantial evidence that binge-like overconsumption is a characteristic of various substance-use and eating disorders. Likewise, it appears that different overeating patterns can reflect addictive-like eating. One pattern may be compulsive grazing — defined as the repetitive inability to resist consumption of small amounts of food. Summary This review adds to the increasingly compelling picture that FA and binge-eating disorder are unique conditions, and that FA resembles other substance-use disorders. We conclude that a variety of overeating patterns can reflect addictive eating behaviours in vulnerable individuals, one of which may be compulsive grazing.
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Al Dharman S, Safar K, Al Enezi F, Al Bahar H, Ali A, Al Qallaf Z, Al Shaya A, Alenezi M, Al Otaibi S, Al Nassar M, Mohammad Z, Alzayani S. An experimental vignette study to assess stigmatized attitudes
towards tobacco smokers in Kuwait. Tob Prev Cessat 2022; 8:32. [PMID: 36118613 PMCID: PMC9414082 DOI: 10.18332/tpc/152254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shouq Al Dharman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Farwaniya Hospital, Ministry of Health, State of Kuwait
| | - Kawthar Safar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zain Hospital, Ministry of Health, State of Kuwait
| | | | | | - Alaa Ali
- Farwaniya Hospital, Ministry of Health, State of Kuwait
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Salman Alzayani
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Kingdom of Bahrain
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Zhang G, Zhan J, Fu H. Trends in Smoking Prevalence and Intensity between 2010 and 2018: Implications for Tobacco Control in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:670. [PMID: 35055491 PMCID: PMC8776183 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND China is the world's largest producer and consumer of cigarettes. Since 2010, the Chinese government has implemented many policies to combat the tobacco epidemic, yet little is known about their overall impacts. This study aims to investigate the trends in smoking prevalence and intensity between 2010 and 2018. METHODS We use five waves of data from China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), a nationally representative survey, to examine the trends in smoking prevalence and intensity. We use the chi-square test and t-test to examine differences across waves. Binary logistic regressions and linear regressions are applied to examine the association between smoking behaviors and risk factors. RESULTS The current smoking prevalence dropped from 30.30% in 2010 (90% CI 29.47-31.31) to 28.69% (90% CI 27.69-29.69) in 2018. As for smoking intensity, the average daily cigarettes consumption decreased steadily from 16.96 cigarettes (90% CI 16.55-17.36) in 2010 to 15.12 cigarettes (90% CI 15.07-15.94) in 2018. Smoking risk factors for men included marriage status, education level, employment status, alcohol consumption, and physical activities. The smoking risk was higher for women with a lower education level, lower household income, unemployment status, and alcohol consumption behavior. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows declined trends in both smoking prevalence and intensity between 2010 and 2018, suggesting some positive progress in tobacco control in China. Nonetheless, to achieve the goal of reducing smoking prevalence among people aged 15 and above to less than 20% by 2030, the Chinese government needs to take stronger anti-tobacco measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoting Zhang
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Jiajia Zhan
- Department of Economics and Public Policy, Business School, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK;
| | - Hongqiao Fu
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China;
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Miyamoto Y, Ryff CD. Culture and Health: Recent Developments and Future Directions
1. JAPANESE PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2021; 64:90-108. [PMID: 35509718 PMCID: PMC9060271 DOI: 10.1111/jpr.12378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Evidence of cultural differences in relationships and emotions has accumulated over the past few decades. As findings on cultural differences in psychological processes have accumulated, there has been growing interest in investigating whether they have implications for other phenomena such as health. Using scientific advances from the MIDUS and MIDJA studies, both publicly available, we examine links between culture and health. We first briefly review the accumulated evidence on cultural influences on health correlates of psychosocial factors. We then feature two recent developments - a more micro-level perspective on biological factors that may be involved in the culture and health linkage, and a more macro-level view of socioeconomic inequality, which also matters for health. Both perspectives inform the pathways through which health effects occur. Finally, we conclude our review by highlighting the changing historical contexts surrounding these cross-cultural investigations. Specifically, we draw attention to widening of economic inequality across cultures and the world-wide COVID-19 pandemic. These happenings bring notable implications for future research on health across cultural contexts.
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