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Rossi AA, Mannarini S, Semonella M, Castelnuovo G, Pietrabissa G. The Association between Grazing and Food Addiction: The Italian Version of the Repetitive Eating Questionnaire (Rep(Eat)-Q) and Its Relationships with Food Addiction Criteria. Nutrients 2024; 16:949. [PMID: 38612983 PMCID: PMC11013059 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among the dysfunctional eating behaviors associated with excessive food intake, a construct that is gaining increasing attention is grazing-the constant, continuous, compulsive, and repetitive consumption of small/moderate amounts of food. Furthermore, in some cases, grazing seems to indicate a dependence on food and/or eating. Currently, the Repetitive Eating Questionnaire (Rep(Eat)-Q) appears to be the only questionnaire that comprehensively measures grazing, including its repetitive and compulsive eating component. Therefore, in a sample of individuals with severe obesity, the objective of this study was twofold: (A) to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Rep(Eat)-Q, and (B) to analyze the association between grazing and food addiction (FA). METHOD A cross-sectional research design was used. A total of 402 inpatients with severe obesity (BMI > 35) were recruited. Participants underwent a series of questionnaires to investigate structural validity and convergent validity and association with FA criteria. RESULTS The factorial structure of the Rep(Eat)-Q is robust and showed fit indexes: CFI = 0.973; RMSEA = 0.074; 90%CI [0.056-0.091]; and SRMR = 0.029. Also, it exhibited good internal consistency and convergent validity. Furthermore, logistic regression analysis highlights a specific association between certain FA criteria and grazing. CONCLUSIONS The Rep(Eat)-Q can be considered to be a concise, robust, reliable, and statistically sound tool to assess repetitive eating, specifically grazing. Its strong psychometric properties offer significant advantages for both research and clinical applications. Furthermore, in a sample of individuals with severe obesity, the results suggest that individuals with problematic grazing exhibit a typical behavioral profile of subjects with FA, indicating that FA can manifest through problematic grazing as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Alberto Rossi
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education, and Applied Psychology, Section of Applied Psychology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy;
- Interdepartmental Center for Family Research, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Stefania Mannarini
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education, and Applied Psychology, Section of Applied Psychology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy;
- Interdepartmental Center for Family Research, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Michelle Semonella
- Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel;
| | - Gianluca Castelnuovo
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, 20123 Milan, Italy; (G.C.); (G.P.)
- Clinical Psychology Research Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milan, Italy
| | - Giada Pietrabissa
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, 20123 Milan, Italy; (G.C.); (G.P.)
- Clinical Psychology Research Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milan, Italy
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Rossi AA, Pietrabissa G, Castelnuovo G, Mannarini S. Cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating, and emotional eating. The Italian version of the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire-Revised 18 (TFEQ-R-18): a three-step validation study. Eat Weight Disord 2024; 29:16. [PMID: 38402372 PMCID: PMC10894126 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-024-01642-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Three Factor Eating Questionnaire-Revised 18 (TFEQ-R-18) is an extensively used questionnaire to measure three transdiagnostic features of eating behavior: cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating, and emotional eating. OBJECTIVE This research aims to investigate the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the TFEQ-R-18 in three large community samples. METHOD Cross-sectional research designs were employed. In Study 1 (N = 537), an exploratory graph analysis (EGA) was used to examine item clustering within the TFEQ-R-18. In Study 2 (N = 645), a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to test its structural validity. In Study 3 (N = 346), a MANOVA was employed assessing mean differences across eating disorders (e.g., anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder). RESULTS In Study 1, the EGA accurately identified the three original dimensions of the TFEQ-R-18. Study 2 showed that the Italian TFEQ-R-18 has good fit indexes (CFI = 0.989, RMSEA = 0.064; 90% CI [0.058, 0.070], SRMR = 0.062), and possesses robust psychometric properties. Study 3 reveals distinct, statistically significant differences among eating disorders. CONCLUSION The TFEQ-R-18 proves to be a concise and precise tool for measuring transdiagnostic eating behaviors. Its applicability in the Italian context, supported by robust psychometric properties, suggests its utility for both research and clinical purposes. The findings affirm its potential to inform interventions aimed at enhancing psychological health. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level V, descriptive study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Alberto Rossi
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education, and Applied Psychology, Section of Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.
- Center for Intervention and Research on Family studies - CIRF, Department FISPPA, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.
| | - Giada Pietrabissa
- Clinical Psychology Research Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca Castelnuovo
- Clinical Psychology Research Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Mannarini
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education, and Applied Psychology, Section of Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Center for Intervention and Research on Family studies - CIRF, Department FISPPA, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
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Pietrabissa G, Semonella M, Marchesi G, Mannarini S, Castelnuovo G, Andersson G, Rossi AA. Validation of the Italian Version of the Web Screening Questionnaire for Common Mental Disorders. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1170. [PMID: 38398481 PMCID: PMC10889998 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13041170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ever-increasing spread of Internet-based systems for common mental disorders has generated the need for brief online screening methods. This study aims to test the psychometric properties of the Web Screening Questionnaire (WSQ) to examine its suitability for screening for common mental health problems among a community sample of Italian adults. METHODS A total of 1282 subjects (F = 819; mean age = 42.05) answered the WSQ. Its discriminant characteristics were examined with other validated selected scales for measuring mental health widely used in the Italian population using sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC), as well as positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV). RESULTS Most of the WSQ subscales exhibited moderate to high specificity values. Specifically, the scales of 'agoraphobia' (0.947; 95%CI [0.934, 0.960]), 'anxiety' (0.959; 95%CI [0.946, 0.970]), and 'panic disorder' (0.973; 95%CI [0.964, 0.981]) showed the highest values whilst the 'obsessive-compulsive' dimension had the lowest value at 0.838, 95%CI [0.815, 0.861]. With exceptions observed for 'depression' (0.716; 95%CI [642, 798]) and 'alcohol abuse' (0.760; 95%CI [560, 920]), instead, the WSQ demonstrated critical sensitivity values (<0.6) in all dimensions. CONCLUSIONS The WSQ was appropriate for discriminating between people with and without a psychiatric condition, as it helps to confirm the absence of disorders. However, further diagnostic procedures are required, in case of a positive WSQ screening result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Pietrabissa
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Milano, Italy; (G.M.); (G.C.)
- Clinical Psychology Research Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milano, Italy
| | | | - Gloria Marchesi
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Milano, Italy; (G.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Stefania Mannarini
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education, and Applied Psychology, Section of Applied Psychology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (S.M.); (A.A.R.)
- Center for Intervention and Research Studies on the Family, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Gianluca Castelnuovo
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Milano, Italy; (G.M.); (G.C.)
- Clinical Psychology Research Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milano, Italy
| | - Gerhard Andersson
- Department of Behavioural Science and Learning, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden;
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Solna, Sweden
| | - Alessandro Alberto Rossi
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education, and Applied Psychology, Section of Applied Psychology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (S.M.); (A.A.R.)
- Center for Intervention and Research Studies on the Family, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Rossi AA, Pietrabissa G, Tagliagambe A, Scuderi A, Montecchiani L, Castelnuovo G, Mannarini S, Dalla Ragione L. Many Facets of Eating Disorders: Profiling Key Psychological Features of Anorexia Nervosa and Binge Eating Disorder. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:276. [PMID: 36975300 PMCID: PMC10045239 DOI: 10.3390/bs13030276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective. The present study employs a profile analysis to identify and compare psychological features and core eating disorder (ED) symptoms in clinical samples of patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and binge eating disorder (BED) and the general population (GP). Methods. A sample comprising 421 participants (142 patients with AN; 139 patients with BED; and 140 participants from the GP) was surveyed with the Eating Disorder Inventory-3 (EDI-3). Individuals with AN and BED were recruited and tested during their first week of a multidisciplinary inpatient program for weight loss and rehabilitation at the 'Rete DCA USL Umbria 1' (Eating Disorders Services), Italy. Results. The findings suggest distinct patterns of symptom presentation between the three samples across all the EDI-3 dimensions-with both the AN and BED groups scoring significantly higher than the GP. Patients with AN registered greater scores in all the psychological trait scales and the drive for thinness ED-specific dimension of the EDI-3 compared with their BED counterpart-which, instead, scored higher in the bulimia and body dissatisfaction subscales. These data support the transdiagnostic nature of the main risk factors for the onset and maintenance of EDs-which would vary in severity levels-and the existence of disease-specific pathways giving rise to AN and BED. Conclusion. This study for the first time compares patients with AN and BED with a non-clinical sample on main ED psychological features. This might inform classification approaches and could have important implications for the development of prevention and early intervention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Alberto Rossi
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education, and Applied Psychology, Section of Applied Psychology, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center for Family Research, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Giada Pietrabissa
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, 20123 Milan, Italy
- Clinical Psychology Research Laboratory, Ospedale San Giuseppe, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 28824 Verbania, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Gianluca Castelnuovo
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, 20123 Milan, Italy
- Clinical Psychology Research Laboratory, Ospedale San Giuseppe, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 28824 Verbania, Italy
| | - Stefania Mannarini
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education, and Applied Psychology, Section of Applied Psychology, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center for Family Research, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Laura Dalla Ragione
- Eating Disorders Services-USL N1 “Palazzo Francisci”, 06059 Todi, Italy
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Unit, University Campus Biomedico of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy
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Eating Compulsivity in Inpatients with Severe Obesity and the General Population: The Italian Version of the Measure of Eating Compulsivity (MEC10-IT). Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061378. [PMID: 36986106 PMCID: PMC10052425 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to validate and investigate the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Measure of Eating Compulsivity-10 (MEC10-IT) in a sample of inpatients with severe obesity (Study 1), and to test the measurement invariance of the measure across non-clinical and clinical samples (Study 2). In the first study, a confirmatory factorial analysis (CFA) was conducted among 452 patients in order to confirm the factorial structure of the MEC10-IT. In the second study, the psychometric properties of the MEC10-IT were tested on 453 inpatients with severe obesity and a community sample of 311 participants. The CFA confirmed the factorial structure of the MEC10-IT among an Italian sample of adult inpatients with severe obesity (Study 1). The MEC10-IT was also demonstrated to be invariant between the clinical and the community sample and to possess good psychometric properties, as well as excellent screening abilities for classifying individuals with problematic eating behaviors (Study 2). In conclusion, the MEC10-IT could be considered as a valid and reliable tool for the assessment of compulsive eating in both non-clinical and clinical samples and represents a psychometrically sound measure for clinical and research purposes.
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Panzeri A, Mignemi G, Bruno G, Granziol U, Scalavicci C, Bertamini M, Bennett KM, Spoto A, Vidotto G. The role of the COVID-19 impersonal threat strengthening the associations of right-wing attitudes, nationalism and anti-immigrant sentiments. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 43:1-12. [PMID: 36747914 PMCID: PMC9892674 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04305-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Literature showed that the link between right-wing attitudes and ethnocentric attitudes gets stronger under existential threats, but the role exerted by an impersonal threat - as COVID-19 - on right-wing attitudes is still unclear. This study aimed to highlight the role of anxiety exerted by the impersonal COVID-19 threat on the relationship between right-wing attitudes and ethnocentric attitudes, as nationalism and anti-immigrants' sentiments. As part of an international project to evaluate the impact of COVID-19, this study administered an online survey to a representative sample (n 1038). The anxiety generated by an impersonal threat as COVID-19 - thus not exerted by any outgroup - can moderate the relationship among personal Right-Wing Authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, and ethnocentric attitudes. This is the first study demonstrating that existential threat is effective also when exerted by an impersonal agent (as COVID-19) rather than by an outgroup. Second, these findings disclose useful implications for preventive psychological interventions and for social policy makers. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-023-04305-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Panzeri
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, via Venezia 8, Padova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mignemi
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, via Venezia 8, Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bruno
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, via Venezia 8, Padova, Italy
| | - Umberto Granziol
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, via Venezia 8, Padova, Italy
| | - Cecilia Scalavicci
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, via Venezia 8, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Bertamini
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, via Venezia 8, Padova, Italy
- Department of Psychology, University of Liverpool, L69 3BX Liverpool, UK
| | - Kate Mary Bennett
- Department of Psychology, University of Liverpool, L69 3BX Liverpool, UK
| | - Andrea Spoto
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, via Venezia 8, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulio Vidotto
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, via Venezia 8, Padova, Italy
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Parola A. Willingness to Compromise Scale: Italian Validation and Assessment of the Relationship with Career Decision Self-Efficacy and Career Adaptability during School-to-Work Transition. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2662. [PMID: 36768028 PMCID: PMC9915097 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Willingness to compromise is defined as the propensity to accept an alternative career-related option that was not the one initially desired. In the literature, there is a validated scale for measuring willingness to compromise but not an Italian validation. Thus, Study 1 aimed to test the psychometric proprieties of the Willingness to Compromise Scale in a sample of 282 Italian university students. Confirmatory factor analyses were performed showing a second-order factorial structure with two well-separated first-order factors, i.e., compromising and adapting. Study 2 focused on the predicting role of willingness to compromise on career decision self-efficacy and the mediating role of career adaptability in this relationship. The sample consisted of 237 Italian university students. A mediation analysis with a 5000-bootstrap resampling procedure was computed. The results showed that willingness to compromise predicts both career decision self-efficacy and career adaptability, while career adaptability mediates the relationship between willingness to compromise and career decision self-efficacy. These findings allowed the discussion of practical implications for career guidance intervention aimed to support school-to-work transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Parola
- Department of Humanities, University of Naples Federico II, 80133 Naples, Italy
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Bennett KM, Panzeri A, Derrer-Merk E, Butter S, Hartman TK, Mason L, McBride O, Murphy J, Shevlin M, Gibson-Miller J, Levita L, Martinez AP, McKay R, Lloyd A, Stocks TVA, Bottesi G, Vidotto G, Bentall RP, Bertamini M. Predicting resilience during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United Kingdom: Cross-sectional and longitudinal results. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283254. [PMID: 37167208 PMCID: PMC10174573 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the psychological wellbeing of some people, there is evidence that many have been much less affected. The Ecological Model of Resilience (EMR) may explain why some individuals are not resilient whilst others are. In this study we test the EMR in a comparison of UK survey data collected from the COVID-19 Psychological Research Consortium (C19PRC) longitudinal study of a representative sample of the United Kingdom (UK) adult population and data from an Italian arm of the study. We first compare data from the third wave of the UK arm of the study, collected in July/August 2020, with data from an equivalent sample and stage of the pandemic in Italy in July 2020. Next, using UK longitudinal data collected from C19PRC Waves 1, 3 and 5, collected between March 2020 and April 2021 we identify the proportion of people who were resilient. Finally, we examine which factors, drawn from the EMR, predict resilient and non-resilient outcomes. We find that the 72% of the UK sample was resilient, in line with the Italian study. In the cross-sectional logistic regression model, age and self-esteem were significantly associated with resilience whilst death anxiety thoughts, neuroticism, loneliness, and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms related to COVID-19 were significantly associated with Non-Resilient outcomes. In the longitudinal UK analysis, at Wave 5, 80% of the sample was Resilient. Service use, belonging to wider neighbourhood, self-rated health, self-esteem, openness, and externally generated death anxiety were associated with Resilient outcomes. In contrast, PTSD symptoms and loneliness were associated with Non-Resilient outcomes. The EMR effectively explained the results. There were some variables which are amenable to intervention which could increase resilience in the face of similar future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate M Bennett
- Department of Psychology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Panzeri
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Sarah Butter
- School of Psychology, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Todd K Hartman
- Department of Social Statistics, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Liam Mason
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Orla McBride
- School of Psychology, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Jamie Murphy
- School of Psychology, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Shevlin
- School of Psychology, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Jilly Gibson-Miller
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Liat Levita
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Anton P Martinez
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Ryan McKay
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Lloyd
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas V A Stocks
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Gioa Bottesi
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulo Vidotto
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Richard P Bentall
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Bertamini
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Rossi AA, Mannarini S, Castelnuovo G, Pietrabissa G. Disordered Eating Behaviors Related to Food Addiction/Eating Addiction in Inpatients with Obesity and the General Population: The Italian Version of the Addiction-like Eating Behaviors Scale (AEBS-IT). Nutrients 2022; 15:104. [PMID: 36615762 PMCID: PMC9823792 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this research is to test the psychometric properties and factorial structure of the Addiction-like Eating Behaviors Scale (AEBS) in an Italian sample of adults with severe obesity seeking treatment for weight reduction and the general population, and to examine the measurement invariance of the tool by comparing a clinical and a nonclinical sample. METHODS A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was initially conducted to test the factorial structure of the Italian version of the AEBS (AEBS-IT) on a total of 953 participants. Following this, the measurement invariance and psychometric properties of the tool AEBS-IT were assessed on both inpatients with severe obesity (n = 502) and individuals from the general population (n = 451). Reliability and convergent validity analysis were also run. RESULTS CFA revealed a bi-factor structure for the AEBS-IT, which also showed good reliability and positive correlations with food addiction (through the mYFAS2.0 symptom count), binge-eating symptoms, compulsive eating behavior, and dysfunctional eating patterns and the individuals' body mass index (BMI). Moreover, the tool was invariant across populations. CONCLUSION This study provided evidence that the AEBS-IT is a valid and reliable measure of FA in both clinical and nonclinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Alberto Rossi
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education, and Applied Psychology, Section of Applied Psychology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center for Family Research, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Stefania Mannarini
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education, and Applied Psychology, Section of Applied Psychology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center for Family Research, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Gianluca Castelnuovo
- Psychology Research Laboratory, Ospedale San Giuseppe, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 28824 Verbania, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, 20123 Milan, Italy
| | - Giada Pietrabissa
- Psychology Research Laboratory, Ospedale San Giuseppe, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 28824 Verbania, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, 20123 Milan, Italy
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Panzeri A, Bettinardi O, Bottesi G, Bertolotti G, Brambatti L, Monfredo M, Mignemi G, Bruno G, Vidotto G, Spoto A, Frattola P, Chiesa S. Assessment of perceived support in the context of emergency: Development and validation of the psycho-social support scale. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-12. [PMID: 35789631 PMCID: PMC9243771 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03344-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In research and clinical contexts, it is important to briefly evaluate perceived Psychological and Social Support (PSS) to plan psychological interventions and allocate efforts and resources. However, an appropriate brief assessment tool for PSS was lacking. This study aimed at developing a brief and accurate scale to specifically measure PSS in clinical and emergency contexts, with specific, relevant, targeted, and irredundant items. Experienced clinicians developed the perceived Psycho-Social Support Scale (PSSS) and administered it to a clinical sample (N = 112) seeking psychological help during the COVID-19 emergency. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis examined the PSSS internal structure, and a Multiple Indicator and Multiple Causes model investigated its association with the number of sessions and emotional symptoms. The PSSS showed good psychometric properties and the Confirmatory Factor Analysis provided acceptable fit indexes for a unidimensional structure. The Multiple Indicators and Multiple Causes revealed that more sessions and emotional symptoms were associated with lower PSSS scores. The PSSS is a reliable brief tool to measure PS and could be useful to individualize treatments (i.e., number of sessions) to efficiently allocate efforts and resources in clinical contexts and emergencies (e.g., earthquake, COVID-19 pandemic). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-022-03344-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Panzeri
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, via Venezia 8, Padua, PD Italy
| | - Ornella Bettinardi
- Department of Mental Health AUSL of Piacenza, Via Anguissola, 15 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Gioia Bottesi
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, via Venezia 8, Padua, PD Italy
| | | | - Luca Brambatti
- Hospital Guglielmo da Saliceto, Via Taverna 49, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Michela Monfredo
- Primary Care Department, AUSL of Piacenza, Via Anguissola 15, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mignemi
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, via Venezia 8, Padua, PD Italy
| | - Giovanni Bruno
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, via Venezia 8, Padua, PD Italy
| | - Giulio Vidotto
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, via Venezia 8, Padua, PD Italy
| | - Andrea Spoto
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, via Venezia 8, Padua, PD Italy
| | - Paola Frattola
- Hospital Guglielmo da Saliceto, Via Taverna 49, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Silvia Chiesa
- Hospital Guglielmo da Saliceto, Via Taverna 49, Piacenza, Italy
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The mediating role of scientifical-medical satisfaction between COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs and vaccine confidence: a two-waves structural equation model. J Behav Med 2022; 46:201-211. [PMID: 35732987 PMCID: PMC9217110 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-022-00322-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Vaccine confidence has emerged as one of the most relevant psychological factors implied in the worldwide affecting the fight against COVID-19-as well as public trust in doctors, medicine, and science. Indeed, the vaccine confidence is crucial to maximize the trust in vaccines and their use for prevention, with several implications for public health. This study aimed to analyse the relationships among between vaccine confidence, conspiracy beliefs about COVID-19, and satisfaction with science and medicine in handling the COVID-19 pandemic. A longitudinal observational survey was administered to a convenience sample (n = 544; mean age 52.76 y.o., SD = 15.11; females 46.69%) from the Italian general population. A two-waves mediation model-a structural equation model technique-was used. The survey was part of a larger international project ( https://osf.io/qy65b/ ). The model highlighted that the conspiracy beliefs about COVID-19 had a negative effect on the satisfaction with medicine and science (β = - 0.13, se = 0.03, p < .001). The latter, in turn, had a positive effect on vaccine confidence (β = 0.10, se = .05, p < .001). Interestingly, the effect of conspiracy beliefs on vaccine confidence was completely mediated by the scientifical-medical satisfaction (β = - 0.02, se = 0.01, p < .05). These results highlight how the scientifical-medical satisfaction can fully mediate the relationship between conspiracy beliefs about COVID-19 and vaccine confidence. These findings about vaccine hesitancy and confidence and disclose have implications for psychological and social interventions that could promote vaccine confidence by targeting the satisfaction with science and medicine.
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Buonanno C, Iuliano E, Grossi G, Mancini F, Stendardo E, Tudisco F, Pizzini B. Forgiveness in the Modulation of Responsibility in a Sample of Italian Adolescents with a Tendency towards Conduct or Obsessive-Compulsive Problems. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11101333. [PMID: 34679398 PMCID: PMC8534277 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11101333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Although obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) and the conduct disorders (CD) express a contrasting symptomatology, they could represent different answers to a common matrix about morality. In the literature, some theoretical models describe people with OCD as individuals who experience high levels of responsibility and guilt. On the other hand, adolescents with a CD are described as if they do not feel guilty at all or consider anti-social purposes as more important than existing moral purposes. The aims of this study were to investigate the role of forgiveness in responsibility and guilt levels and to test whether this putative relation was influenced by tendencies towards obsessive–compulsive problems (OCP) or conduct problems (CP). In total, 231 adolescents aged between 16 and 18 years were self-assessed using a Youth Self-Report, Child Responsibility Attitudes Questionnaire, Heartland Forgiveness Scale, and Test Of Self-Conscious Affect. The results show that self-forgiveness predicted responsibility levels, while guilt was predicted by self-forgiveness and situation-forgiveness. Moreover, mediation analyses revealed that the effects of OCP on responsibility and guilt were mediated by self-forgiveness and situation-forgiveness. Regarding CP, no mediated effects were found. In conclusion, lower proneness to forgive increases responsibility and guilt, and this is particularly evident in subjects with higher levels of OCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Buonanno
- School of Cognitive Psychotherapy srl, 00162 Roma, Italy; (E.I.); (G.G.); (F.M.); (E.S.); (F.T.)
- Correspondence: (C.B.); (B.P.)
| | - Enrico Iuliano
- School of Cognitive Psychotherapy srl, 00162 Roma, Italy; (E.I.); (G.G.); (F.M.); (E.S.); (F.T.)
- InMovement Center, 04022 Fondi, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Grossi
- School of Cognitive Psychotherapy srl, 00162 Roma, Italy; (E.I.); (G.G.); (F.M.); (E.S.); (F.T.)
- InMovement Center, 04022 Fondi, Italy
| | - Francesco Mancini
- School of Cognitive Psychotherapy srl, 00162 Roma, Italy; (E.I.); (G.G.); (F.M.); (E.S.); (F.T.)
- Department of Human Sciences, University of Studies Guglielmo Marconi, 00193 Roma, Italy
| | - Emiliana Stendardo
- School of Cognitive Psychotherapy srl, 00162 Roma, Italy; (E.I.); (G.G.); (F.M.); (E.S.); (F.T.)
| | - Fabrizia Tudisco
- School of Cognitive Psychotherapy srl, 00162 Roma, Italy; (E.I.); (G.G.); (F.M.); (E.S.); (F.T.)
| | - Barbara Pizzini
- School of Cognitive Psychotherapy srl, 00162 Roma, Italy; (E.I.); (G.G.); (F.M.); (E.S.); (F.T.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.B.); (B.P.)
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Rossi Ferrario S, Panzeri A, Pistono M. Psychological difficulties of LVAD patients and caregivers: A follow up over 1 year from discharge. Artif Organs 2021; 46:479-490. [PMID: 34519060 PMCID: PMC9292387 DOI: 10.1111/aor.14071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background After the rehabilitation program, patients with left ventricular assist device (LVAD) are discharged home, but the adaption to the daily life with the implant is challenging, both with practical and psychological consequences. Literature is lacking detailed information about the quality of life of LVAD patients and caregivers after discharge to home. Objective This study aimed at evaluating the post‐discharge outcomes of both LVAD patients and their caregivers in terms of quality of life, affectivity, and psychological health. Methods In this observational follow‐up study, LVAD dyads discharged home from 1 year to 6 years were re‐contacted by phone and received by mail an envelope with self‐report questionnaires. Responses of 39 complete dyads of patients (mean age 68.59 ± 4.31; males: 92.31%) and their caregivers (mean age 61.59 ± 11.64; males: 17.95%) were analyzed. Results Patients and caregivers reported the moderate levels of anxiety, depression, and caregiver strain, and Illness denial and conscious avoidance were associated between them. The couples often reported that the LVAD has impairments for their sleep and for their affective–sexual relationship. Caregivers often reported impairment in social life and self‐care. Discussions Despite the satisfaction for the medical and territorial assistance, patients showed psychological difficulties such as anxious and depressive symptoms and caregivers tend to neglect themselves. Even after a long time from discharge to home, the psychological distress of LVAD patients and caregivers is still considerable. Structured and continuous psychological interventions are required to support their psychological health overtime after the discharge to home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Rossi Ferrario
- Unit of Psychology-Neuropsychology, IRCCS ICS Maugeri, Institute of Veruno, Veruno, Italy
| | - Anna Panzeri
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Massimo Pistono
- Unit of Cardiology, IRCCS ICS Maugeri, Institute of Veruno, Veruno, Italy
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Panzeri A, Bertamini M, Butter S, Levita L, Gibson-Miller J, Vidotto G, Bentall RP, Bennett KM. Factors impacting resilience as a result of exposure to COVID-19: The ecological resilience model. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256041. [PMID: 34407127 PMCID: PMC8372944 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the severe psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, some individuals do not develop high levels of psychological distress and can be termed resilient. Using the ecological resilience model, we examined factors promoting or hindering resilience in the COVID-19 pandemic. Of the 1034 participants (49.9±16.2 years; females 51.2%) from Italian general population, 70% displayed resilient outcomes and 30% reported moderate-severe anxiety and/or depression. A binary regression model revealed that factors promoting resilience were mostly psychological (e.g., trait resilience, conscientiousness) together with social distancing. Conversely, factors hindering resilience included COVID-19-anxiety, COVID-19-related PTSD symptoms, intolerance of uncertainty, loneliness, living with children, higher education, and living in regions where the virus was starting to spread. In conclusion, the ecological resilience model in the COVID-19 pandemic explained 64% of the variance and identified factors promoting or hindering resilient outcomes. Critically, these findings can inform psychological interventions supporting individuals by strengthening factors associated with resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Panzeri
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Bertamini
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Giulio Vidotto
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Kate Mary Bennett
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Panzeri A, Rossi Ferrario S, Cerutti P. Psychological Differences Among Healthcare Workers of a Rehabilitation Institute During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Two-Step Study. Front Psychol 2021; 12:636129. [PMID: 33868105 PMCID: PMC8045484 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.636129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Healthcare workers facing the threatening COVID-19 can experience severe difficulties. Despite the need to evaluate both the psychological distress and positive protective resources, brief and reliable assessment tools are lacking. Aim: Study 1 aimed at developing a new assessment tool to measure psychological distress and esteem in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Study 2 aimed to explore and compare the psychological reactions of healthcare workers of the COVID-19 and the non-COVID-19 wards. Methods: In Study 1, psychologists created 25 items based on their clinical experience. A preliminary qualitative evaluation selected the best 15 items for the new tool (CPI-HP) assessing the COVID-19 psychological impact with 2 scales: psychological distress and esteem. The CPI-HP was administered to 110 healthcare professionals to study its psychometric properties and the internal structure with exploratory graph analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Study 2 compared two groups of healthcare professionals of the COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 departments. Results: In Study 1, the CPI-HP showed satisfying psychometric properties, and the two-factor structure was confirmed with good fit indices. In Study 2, the two groups of healthcare workers showed comparable levels of psychological distress and resilient coping, but the COVID-19 group displayed significantly higher esteem and appreciation of the experience. Discussion: All operators showed high psychological distress during the emergency, but the COVID-19 group reported higher resources, probably due to stronger group cohesion and greater esteem, perceived meaning, and own work value. Conclusion: Assessing the psychological distress and resources of healthcare professionals with specific tools is important. Psychological interventions should promote their psychological health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Panzeri
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Unit of Psychology-Neuropsychology, Institute of Veruno, Maugeri Scientific Institutes for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care, Veruno, Italy
| | - Silvia Rossi Ferrario
- Unit of Psychology-Neuropsychology, Institute of Veruno, Maugeri Scientific Institutes for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care, Veruno, Italy
| | - Paola Cerutti
- Unit of Psychology-Neuropsychology, Institute of Veruno, Maugeri Scientific Institutes for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care, Veruno, Italy
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