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Huseynova G, İslamoğlu M. Mind over matter: mindfulness as a buffer against workplace incivility. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1409326. [PMID: 39205969 PMCID: PMC11349638 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1409326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examines the relationship between co-worker incivility, emotional exhaustion, mindfulness, and turnover intention among nurses in public and private hospitals in North Cyprus. Drawing upon the Job Demand-Resources theory, the research aims to contribute to the existing literature by investigating the mediating role of emotional exhaustion and the moderating effect of mindfulness on the relationship between co-worker incivility and turnover intention. Data were collected from 238 nurses through questionnaires, and structural equation modeling was employed for data analysis. The results indicate a positive association between co-worker incivility and emotional exhaustion, as well as between co-worker incivility and turnover intention. Emotional exhaustion was found to mediate the relationship between co-worker incivility and turnover intention. Furthermore, mindfulness was identified as a moderator, attenuating the negative impact of co-worker incivility on turnover intention. The findings underscore the importance of addressing workplace incivility and promoting mindfulness to mitigate turnover intentions among nurses. Practical implications include the implementation of interventions to foster a supportive work environment and enhance nurses' emotional wellbeing.
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Yılmazer E, Hamamci Z, Türk F. Effects of mindfulness on test anxiety: a meta-analysis. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1401467. [PMID: 38993347 PMCID: PMC11238660 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1401467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This meta-analysis evaluated the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on test anxiety across diverse age groups and intervention modalities. Methods Rigorous inclusion criteria were applied to select studies focusing on MBIs as the independent variable, with test anxiety as the outcome. A comprehensive search across multiple databases yielded 18 primary studies, contributing 20 comparisons. Data were extracted on study characteristics, sample sizes, and intervention details, and were analyzed using a random-effects model. Results The analyses incorporated 1,275 participants, with MBIs demonstrating a moderate to large negative effect on test anxiety (effect size = -0.716; 95% CI: -1.383 to -0.049). Moderation analysis indicated that mean age, number of sessions, and intervention delivery mode did not significantly influence effect sizes. Publication bias assessment suggested the presence of bias via Egger's regression (p = 0.025), though Begg and Mazumdar's test and Duval and Tweedie's trim and fill method indicated no missing studies. Conclusion MBIs are effective in reducing test anxiety, though results should be interpreted with caution due to potential publication bias and unexplained heterogeneity. The impact of MBIs did not vary significantly with participant age, number of sessions, or delivery mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eda Yılmazer
- Department of Psychology, Beykoz University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Zeynep Hamamci
- Department of Psychology, Beykoz University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Fulya Türk
- Department of Psychology, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Desai K, O’Malley P, Van Culin E. Impact of heartfulness meditation practice compared to the gratitude practices on wellbeing and work engagement among healthcare professionals: Randomized trial. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304093. [PMID: 38848338 PMCID: PMC11161083 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether Heartfulness meditation practice, compared to Gratitude practice, leads to measurable changes in mental wellbeing among healthcare providers across the US. METHOD Participants were randomly assigned to one of the following 6-week interventions: the trainer-guided virtual Heartfulness meditation program or the podcast-based self-guided gratitude practice group. The Professional Quality of Life Scale-5 (ProQOL-5) was used to determine Compassion Satisfaction (CS) and risk for Burnout (BO) and secondary traumatic stress (STS). The Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) was used to assess vigor, dedication, and absorption at work. Outcomes were collected at baseline and the end of the study period. Qualitative questions regarding the experience of learning and practicing were also offered at the end of the six weeks. RESULTS The majority of participants were nurses (50%), followed by allied healthcare professionals (37%) and physicians (13%) (N = 83). There was a general trend towards increases in CS in the Heartfulness group compared to the gratitude group. However, this was not statistically significant. Strong evidence suggests there was a significant improvement in BO for the Heartfulness group between Week 0 and Week 6 (p = 0.002), as well as STS (p = 0.0004) and vigor (p = 0.0392). Qualitative data analysis revealed that the subjects in the Heartfulness arm reported improved sleep and decreased reactivity to stress. Subjects in the gratitude arm reported improved mood and favorable results using gratitude practices at home with family members. CONCLUSION In our study, Heartfulness meditation practice was associated with a significant improvement in burnout and vigor at work, with a trend towards compassion satisfaction after six weeks compared with gratitude practices. Qualitative analysis indicates the benefits of both Heartfulness and Gratitude practices. Further randomized trials with a larger sample size are needed to explore these science-based practices for the wellbeing of healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Desai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Patricia O’Malley
- Nurse Scientist- Premier Health Nursing Research, Miami Valley Hospital, Dayton, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Emily Van Culin
- Premier Health Learning Institute, Dayton, Ohio, United States of America
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Breuer-Asher I, Ritholz MD, Horwitz DL, Manejwala O, Behar E, Fundoiano-Hershcovitz Y. Association of Digital Engagement With Relaxation Tools and Stress Level Reduction: Retrospective Cohort Study. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e50506. [PMID: 38502164 PMCID: PMC10988373 DOI: 10.2196/50506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress is an emotional response caused by external triggers and is a high-prevalence global problem affecting mental and physical health. Several different digital therapeutic solutions are effective for stress management. However, there is limited understanding of the association between relaxation components and stress levels when using a digital app. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the contribution of relaxation tools to stress levels over time. We hypothesized that participation in breathing exercises and cognitive behavioral therapy-based video sessions would be associated with a reduction in stress levels. We also hypothesized a significant reduction specifically in participants' perceived sense of burden and lack of productivity when engaged with breathing exercises and video sessions. METHODS Stress levels were evaluated in a real-world data cohort using a behavioral health app for digital intervention and monitoring change. This retrospective real-world analysis of users on a mobile platform-based treatment followed users (N=490) who started with moderate and above levels of stress and completed at least 2 stress assessments. The levels of stress were tracked throughout the first 10 weeks. A piecewise mixed effects model was applied to model the trajectories of weekly stress mean scores in 2 time segments (1-6 weeks and 6-10 weeks). Next, a simple slope analysis was used for interpreting interactions probing the moderators: breathing exercises and video sessions. Piecewise mixed-effects models were also used to model the trajectories of specific perceived stress item rates in the stress questionnaire in the 2 segments (1-6 weeks and 6-10 weeks) and whether they are moderated by the relaxation engagements. Simple slope analysis was also used here for the interpretation of the interactions. RESULTS Analysis revealed a significant decrease in stress symptoms (β=-.25; 95% CI -0.32 to -0.17; P<.001) during the period of 1-6 weeks of app use that was maintained during the period of 6-10 weeks. Breathing exercises significantly moderated the reduction in stress symptoms during the period of 1-6 weeks (β=-.07; 95% CI -0.13 to -0.01; P=.03), while engagement in digital video sessions did not moderate stress scores. Engagement in digital video sessions, as well as breathing exercises, significantly moderated the reduction in perceived sense of burden and lack of productivity during weeks 1-6 and remained stable during weeks 6-10 on both items. CONCLUSIONS This study sheds light on the association between stress level reduction and specific components of engagement in a digital health app, breathing exercises, and cognitive behavioral therapy-based video sessions. Our findings provide a basis for further investigation of current and moderating factors that contribute to the personalization of digital intervention. In addition, results may aid in developing a more comprehensive understanding of how digital intervention tools work for mental health and for whom they are most effective.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marilyn D Ritholz
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Gherardi-Donato ECDS, Gimenez LBH, Fernandes MNDF, Lacchini R, Camargo Júnior EB, Díaz-Serrano KV, Melchior M, Pérez RG, Riquelme-Galindo J, Reisdorfer E. Mindfulness Practice Reduces Hair Cortisol, Anxiety and Perceived Stress in University Workers: Randomized Clinical Trial. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2875. [PMID: 37958019 PMCID: PMC10648523 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11212875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety and stress are common mental health conditions reported by university workers. Practices of mindfulness represent one promising approach as an effective and feasible means to reduce stress, improve mental health and promote well-being; however, there are no clinical trials that have combined long-term stress biomarkers (hair cortisol) and psychometric assessments in a sample of university workers. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the effectiveness of a mindfulness-based program on long-term stress, by measuring hair cortisol concentration and perceived stress and anxiety among workers who were undergoing high levels of stress. METHOD We conducted a randomized clinical trial at work among the employees of a public university. We compared a group that received the eight-week mindfulness intervention with the wait list group who received no intervention. RESULTS A total of 30 participants were included in the study, with n = 15 subjects in the intervention group and n = 15 in the control group. Hair cortisol, perceived stress and anxiety significantly reduced after the intervention compared to the control group, which had no appreciable decline in the measured variables. CONCLUSION This clinical trial showed the effectiveness of a mindfulness program on mental health psychometric measures (perceived stress and anxiety) and on a long-term stress biomarker (hair cortisol). It can be concluded that an eight-week mindfulness program could be implemented as an effective strategy to reduce stress biomarkers (hair cortisol) as well as perceived stress and anxiety, improving the mental health of university workers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Larissa Bessani Hidalgo Gimenez
- Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, SP, Brazil; (L.B.H.G.); (R.L.)
| | - Maria Neyrian de Fátima Fernandes
- Nursing Department, Federal University of Maranhão, Avenida Principal, 100 Residencial Dom Afonso Felippe, Imperatriz 65915-240, MA, Brazil;
| | - Riccardo Lacchini
- Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, SP, Brazil; (L.B.H.G.); (R.L.)
| | - Elton Brás Camargo Júnior
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Rio Verde, Fazenda Fontes do Saber, Rio Verde 75901-970, GO, Brazil;
| | - Kranya Victoria Díaz-Serrano
- School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, s/n, Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil; (K.V.D.-S.); (M.M.)
| | - Melissa Melchior
- School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, s/n, Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil; (K.V.D.-S.); (M.M.)
| | - Raquel García Pérez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Avenida de la Ilustración, 18016 Granada, Spain;
| | | | - Emilene Reisdorfer
- Department of Professional Nursing and Allied Health, Faculty of Nursing, MacEwan University, 104 Avenue NW 10700, Edmonton, AB T5J 4S2, Canada;
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Chen SH, Chen PJ, Lee CH, Wu YP, Ahorsu DK, Griffiths MD, Lin CY. Perceived Stress Mediating the Association Between Mindfulness and Resilience Among Registered Nurses. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:3035-3044. [PMID: 37576445 PMCID: PMC10417837 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s412918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Resilience continues to be an important concept in the nursing profession due to its significant role in personal healthcare, patients' healthcare, and leadership. The present study examined the mediating role of perceived stress in the association between mindfulness and resilience among registered nurses in order to understand their importance among those in the Taiwanese nursing profession. Materials and Methods Between October and November 2021, a total of 816 registered nurses participated in a cross-sectional survey including psychometric measures assessing perceived stress (Chinese Perceived Stress Scale-10), mindfulness (Chinese Mindful Attention Awareness Scale), and resilience (Chinese Questionnaire of Resilience). Results Results indicated that perceived stress mediated the association between mindfulness and resilience (standardized coefficient = 0.251, p<0.001), although there was no significant association between mindfulness and resilience (standardized coefficient = 0.042, p=0.16). This suggests that perceived stress may function as both distress and eustress because mindfulness was not directly associated with resilience but indirectly via perceived stress. Conclusion Nurses and their administrators should focus on different ways of coping with stress so that they become more resilient in facing other stressors. Future studies may be conducted to examine the mediating role of perceived stress in the association between other coping strategies and resilience among registered nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Hua Chen
- School of Nursing, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, 83102, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jen Chen
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 824005, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Hsiang Lee
- Department of Nursing, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ping Wu
- Department of Nursing, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Daniel Kwasi Ahorsu
- Mental Health Research Centre, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
- Department of Special Education and Counselling, the Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Mamcarz P, Droździel P, Madleňák R, Pukalskas S, Gwiazdowska-Stańczak S. Does Mindfulness Mediate the Relation between Impulsiveness and Job Stressfulness Perception of Professional Drivers? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4559. [PMID: 36901569 PMCID: PMC10002285 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Professional driving is a stressful occupation that requires high levels of attention and decision-making, often leading to job stress. Impulsiveness, a personality trait characterized by a tendency to act without forethought, has been associated with negative outcomes such as anxiety, stress, and risky behaviors. Mindfulness has been proposed as a potential strategy for reducing job stress in various occupational settings. However, little is known about the relationship between these variables. This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of mindfulness in the relationship between impulsiveness and job stressfulness perception among professional drivers. (2) Methods: A total of 258 professional drivers from Poland, Lithuania, and Slovakia, have completed self-report questionnaires: Impulsiveness-Venturesomeness-Empathy; Subjective Assessment of Work; Five Facet Mindfulness. (3) Results: Results indicated a positive correlation between impulsiveness and job stressfulness perception, and a negative correlation with mindfulness. Mindfulness partially mediated the relationship between impulsiveness and job stressfulness perception. Additionally, variations were identified in the perceived work environment factors and mindfulness among drivers based on their country of origin. (4) Conclusions: The findings suggest that mindfulness could be a useful approach for reducing job stressfulness perception among professional drivers with high levels of impulsiveness. Given the implications of job stressfulness for professional drivers' health and safety, developing mindfulness interventions tailored to their specific needs could be a promising direction for future research and intervention development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Mamcarz
- Department of Emotion and Motivation Psychology, Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, al. Racławickie 14, 20-022 Lublin, Poland
| | - Paweł Droździel
- Department of Sustainable Transportation and Energy Sources, Politechnika Lubelska, Nadbystrzycka 36, 20-618 Lublin, Poland
| | - Radovan Madleňák
- Department of Communications, Žilinská Univerzita V Žiline, Univerzitná 8215/1, 010 26 Žilina, Slovakia
| | - Saugirdas Pukalskas
- Department of Automotive Engineering, Vilniaus Gedimino Technikos Universitetas, J. Basanavičiaus g. 28, 03224 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Sylwia Gwiazdowska-Stańczak
- Department of Educational and Family Psychology, Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, al. Racławickie 14, 20-022 Lublin, Poland
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You C, Liu Y. The effect of mindfulness on online self-presentation, pressure, and addiction on social media. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1034495. [PMID: 36544442 PMCID: PMC9760919 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1034495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
As social media has become more imperative in daily life, people pay more attention to self-presentation and impression management on social media, and some have even become psychologically dependent. There is a large group of socially addicted users who continuously strive to improve their online self-presentation. Due to stress and burnout arising from social media addiction, people change their social media behavior. The influence of mindfulness on social behavior cannot be ignored. This study aims to explore coping behaviors and the role of mindfulness for people under social media pressure and social media addiction in China's special political environment. We found significant differences in self-presentation, social media pressure, and social media addiction among different circles in the Chinese context. Experiments have shown that people's socially addictive behaviors and abilities to withstand social media pressure are affected by their mindfulness. In addition, the more social media pressure people perceive on social media, the more likely they are to stop using social media and shift to offline interpersonal interactions. However, when there are more offline interpersonal interactions, people's willingness to return to social media platforms increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui You
- School of Humanities, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Computer, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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Neate SL, Reece JC, Hassed C, Chambers R, Connaughton S, Nag N. A qualitative analysis of free text comments of participants from a massive open online mindfulness course. Front Public Health 2022; 10:947898. [PMID: 36033817 PMCID: PMC9413085 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.947898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mindfulness-based interventions are associated with improved health and wellbeing. Online mindfulness interventions offer potential scalability and cost advantages over face-to-face interventions. However, little is known about the experiences of learners, what they identify as being helpful to developing a practice of mindfulness and what outcomes they experience from undertaking an online mindfulness program. Methods The Mindfulness for Wellbeing and Peak Performance Massive Open Online Course is a 4-week mindfulness program which includes psychoeducation, mindfulness meditation, applications and moderated discussion forums. Of the 3,335 participants who completed the March 2020 course, 527 (16%) responded to the final forum which invited participants to describe the highlights of the course. In order to enhance understanding of participant experiences and perceived outcomes of undertaking the course, a qualitative analysis of these free text comments was conducted using reflexive thematic analysis. Results Two overarching themes were identified: (1) internal mechanisms of developing mindfulness (subthemes: paying attention to the present moment, learning to let go and find acceptance, cultivating an attitude of gentleness, and learning through a sense of belonging) and (2) the translation of mindfulness into daily living (subthemes: mindfulness being a support to mental wellbeing, learning to deal with uncertainty and adversity, living a more conscious life, a greater connection with self and others and channeling attention into productivity). Discussion The themes and subthemes provided insights into the mechanisms learners used to develop mindfulness and how they translated mindfulness into their lives in a variety of beneficial ways. This understanding of learners' experiences could inform delivery of future online mindfulness interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra L. Neate
- Neuroepidemiology Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,*Correspondence: Sandra L. Neate
| | - Jeanette C. Reece
- Neuroepidemiology Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Craig Hassed
- Monash Centre for Consciousness and Contemplative Studies, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Richard Chambers
- Monash Centre for Consciousness and Contemplative Studies, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sherelle Connaughton
- Monash Centre for Consciousness and Contemplative Studies, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nupur Nag
- Neuroepidemiology Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Xu J, Li YZ, Zhu DQ, Li JZ. “Lubricant” or “Stumbling Block”?: The Paradoxical Association Between Team Authoritarian Leadership and Creative Deviance. Front Psychol 2022; 13:835970. [PMID: 35432087 PMCID: PMC9008198 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.835970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, creative deviance has been lauded to be an innovation-enhancing approach with applications in many new and high-tech domains. Previous study on antecedents to creative deviance remains scattered and vague. Our research conceptualizes creative deviance from the perspective of independent innovation and explores its antecedents, mechanisms, as well as conditions. Team authoritarian leadership is conceptualized as a contradictory unity as it mixes advantages and disadvantages. However, it is surprising to find that there are very few researches that have examined its relevant influence mechanisms and boundary conditions for authoritarian leadership. Contributing to an advanced understanding of authoritarian leadership in research and development teams, we investigated whether team authoritarian leadership is positively or negatively related to creative deviance. Drawing on social information processing theory and regulatory focus theory, we supposed that team authoritarian leadership facilitates creative deviance when the degree is low and inhibits it when the degree is high; dual occupational stress and prevention regulatory focus play mediation roles between team authoritarian leadership and creative deviance respectively, both variables play a chain mediation role in that relationship; and the mindfulness characteristic of an individual moderates the inverted-U team authoritarian leadership-creative deviance association, such that this association is weaker with low individual mindfulness. With two-phase questionnaire data collected from 433 members in 82 R&D teams of high-tech enterprises in electronic information technology, new material technology, new medical technology, resource and environment technology and advanced manufacturing technology randomly selected from five provinces in eastern China, these hypotheses are supported empirically. Overall, we find that, our study broadens antecedents and the relevant occurrence mechanisms of creative deviance when studied through a leadership management lens. Moreover, our research enriches the cognate studies on authoritarian leadership by empirically demonstrating that team authoritarian leadership may function as an double-edged sword of creative deviance in the R&D workplace. These above findings offer insightful thoughts to scholars in the field of authoritarian leadership and bring practical suggestions for team superiors who seek to implement best innovation practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Evergrande School of Management, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong-Zhou Li
- Evergrande School of Management, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - De-Qun Zhu
- School of Economics and Management, Shangrao Normal University, Shangrao, China
| | - Jing-Zhi Li
- School of Labor Relations and Personnel, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jing-Zhi Li,
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Yadav M, Neate S, Hassed C, Chambers R, Connaughton S, Nag N. Mining the Gems of a Web-Based Mindfulness Intervention: Qualitative Analysis of Factors Aiding Completion and Implementation (Preprint). JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e37406. [PMID: 36197709 PMCID: PMC9582916 DOI: 10.2196/37406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Digital health interventions provide a cost effective and accessible means for positive behavior change. However, high participant attrition is common and facilitators for implementation of behaviors are not well understood. Objective The goal of the research was to identify elements of a digital mindfulness course that aided in course completion and implementation of teachings. Methods Inductive thematic analysis was used to assess participant comments regarding positive aspects of the online mindfulness course Mindfulness for Well-being and Peak Performance. Participants were aged 18 years and older who had self-selected to register and voluntarily completed at least 90% the course. The course comprised educator-guided lessons and discussion forums for participant reflection and feedback. Participant comments from the final discussion forum were analyzed to identify common themes pertaining to elements of the course that aided in course completion and implementation of teachings. Results Of 3355 course completers, 283 participants provided comments related to the research question. Key themes were (1) benefits from the virtual community, (2) appeal of content, (3) enablers to participation and implementation, and (4) benefits noted in oneself. Of subthemes identified, some, such as community support, variety of easily implementable content, and free content access, align with that reported previously in the literature, while other subthemes, including growing together, repeating the course, evidence-based teaching, and immediate benefits on physical and mental well-being, were novel findings. Conclusions Themes identified as key elements for aiding participant completion of a mindfulness digital health intervention and the implementation of teachings may inform the effective design of future digital health interventions to drive positive health behaviors. Future research should focus on understanding motivations for participation, identification of effective methods for participant retention, and behavior change techniques to motivate long-term adherence to healthy behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muskan Yadav
- Department of General Practice, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sandra Neate
- Neuroepidemiology Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Craig Hassed
- Monash Centre for Consciousness and Contemplative Studies, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Richard Chambers
- Monash Centre for Consciousness and Contemplative Studies, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sherelle Connaughton
- Monash Centre for Consciousness and Contemplative Studies, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nupur Nag
- Neuroepidemiology Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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