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Jaap C, Rose M. Relevance of pre-stimulus oscillatory activity for the perceived valence of emotional facial expressions. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19263. [PMID: 39164318 PMCID: PMC11336227 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69433-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The interpretation of emotional facial expressions is crucial in everyday social interactions, and rapid processing of these expressions is necessary. Although extensive research has shed light on the mechanisms involved in facial expression processing, there is limited research on the potential role of the state of neural activity that directly precedes the occurrence of a face. Here, we investigated the potential modulatory role of pre-stimulus oscillatory activity in emotional facial expression processing. We tested emotional facial processing in two experiments, one utilizing artificial and the other natural facial expressions. The participants had to evaluate the emotional valence of the presented ambiguous facial expressions. In a univariate analysis, differences in the oscillation activity of the later rated valence of the faces were observed in both experiments, and these differences were observed even before the presentation of the facial expressions. Importantly, two different multivariate approaches directly supported the relevance of pre-stimulus oscillatory activity by exclusively using pre-stimulus oscillatory data to predict the perceived valence of the latter rated facial expression across the two experiments within as well as across subjects. The behavioral data shows the often observed negativity bias, i.e. ambiguous faces resulted in the tendency to rate them as negative. This negativity bias was related to neural activity modulations in the pre-stimulus period and also within post-stimulus processing related activity. These findings underscore the significance of pre-stimulus oscillatory activity in facial expression processing, indicating a functional role of ongoing neural states that affects the processing of facial expressions and constitute a basis for the well described negativity bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Jaap
- Department for Systems Neuroscience, NeuroImage Nord, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Rose
- Department for Systems Neuroscience, NeuroImage Nord, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
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2
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Kalva P, Kanja K, Metzger BA, Fan X, Cui B, Pascuzzi B, Magnotti J, Mocchi M, Mathura R, Bijanki KR. Psychometric Properties of a Novel Affective Bias Task and Its Application in Clinical and Nonclinical Populations. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2024:S2451-9022(24)00192-7. [PMID: 39032695 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
To mitigate limitations of self-reported mood assessments, we introduce a novel affective bias task. The task quantifies instantaneous emotional state by leveraging the phenomenon of affective bias, in which people interpret external emotional stimuli in a manner consistent with their current emotional state. This study establishes task stability in measuring and tracking depressive symptoms in clinical and nonclinical populations. Initial assessment in a large nonclinical sample established normative ratings. Depressive symptoms were measured and compared with task performance in a nonclinical sample, as well as in a clinical cohort of individuals who were undergoing surgical evaluation for severe epilepsy. In both cohorts, a stronger negative affective bias was associated with a higher Beck Depression Inventory-II score. The affective bias task exhibited high stability and interrater reliability as well as construct validity in predicting depression levels in both cohorts, suggesting that the task is a reliable proxy for mood and a diagnostic tool for detecting depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prathik Kalva
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Kourtney Kanja
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Brian A Metzger
- Department of Psychology, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania
| | - Xiaoxu Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Brian Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Bailey Pascuzzi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - John Magnotti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Madaline Mocchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Raissa Mathura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Kelly R Bijanki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
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Kalisch R, Russo SJ, Müller MB. Neurobiology and systems biology of stress resilience. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:1205-1263. [PMID: 38483288 PMCID: PMC11381009 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00042.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Stress resilience is the phenomenon that some people maintain their mental health despite exposure to adversity or show only temporary impairments followed by quick recovery. Resilience research attempts to unravel the factors and mechanisms that make resilience possible and to harness its insights for the development of preventative interventions in individuals at risk for acquiring stress-related dysfunctions. Biological resilience research has been lagging behind the psychological and social sciences but has seen a massive surge in recent years. At the same time, progress in this field has been hampered by methodological challenges related to finding suitable operationalizations and study designs, replicating findings, and modeling resilience in animals. We embed a review of behavioral, neuroimaging, neurobiological, and systems biological findings in adults in a critical methods discussion. We find preliminary evidence that hippocampus-based pattern separation and prefrontal-based cognitive control functions protect against the development of pathological fears in the aftermath of singular, event-type stressors [as found in fear-related disorders, including simpler forms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)] by facilitating the perception of safety. Reward system-based pursuit and savoring of positive reinforcers appear to protect against the development of more generalized dysfunctions of the anxious-depressive spectrum resulting from more severe or longer-lasting stressors (as in depression, generalized or comorbid anxiety, or severe PTSD). Links between preserved functioning of these neural systems under stress and neuroplasticity, immunoregulation, gut microbiome composition, and integrity of the gut barrier and the blood-brain barrier are beginning to emerge. On this basis, avenues for biological interventions are pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffael Kalisch
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Scott J Russo
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
- Brain and Body Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - Marianne B Müller
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
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Shang W, Guo L, Liu Y, Li Y, Wei Q, Guo K, Yang M, Wei L, Xu Z, Niu J, Li X, Yang K. PROTOCOL: Non-pharmacological interventions for older people with a diagnosis of depression: An evidence and gap map. CAMPBELL SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2023; 19:e1354. [PMID: 37771463 PMCID: PMC10523358 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
This is the protocol for an evidence and gap map. The objectives are as follows: To map available randomized control trials, economic evaluations, and systematic reviews that assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for older people with a diagnosis of depression and identify any existing gaps in the evidence that can inform future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenru Shang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Evidence‐Based Medicine CenterLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
- School of Public Health, Evidence‐Based Social Science Research CenterLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Liping Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Evidence‐Based Medicine CenterLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Yujia Liu
- Gansu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineLanzhouChina
| | - Yanfei Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Evidence‐Based Medicine CenterLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
- School of Public Health, Evidence‐Based Social Science Research CenterLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Qian Wei
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public HealthFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ke Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Evidence‐Based Medicine CenterLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
- School of Public Health, Evidence‐Based Social Science Research CenterLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Minyan Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Evidence‐Based Medicine CenterLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
- School of Public Health, Evidence‐Based Social Science Research CenterLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Lili Wei
- Gansu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineLanzhouChina
| | - Zheng Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Evidence‐Based Medicine CenterLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Junqiang Niu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Evidence‐Based Medicine CenterLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
- Lanzhou University First Affiliated HospitalLanzhouChina
| | - Xiuxia Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Evidence‐Based Medicine CenterLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
- School of Public Health, Evidence‐Based Social Science Research CenterLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Kehu Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Evidence‐Based Medicine CenterLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
- School of Public Health, Evidence‐Based Social Science Research CenterLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
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Wessa M, Domke-Wolf M, Jungmann SM. Dissociation of Implicit and Explicit Interpretation Bias: The Role of Depressive Symptoms and Negative Cognitive Schemata. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1620. [PMID: 38137068 PMCID: PMC10742311 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13121620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A negative interpretation bias appears to depend on several depression-related state and trait characteristics, most notably depressive symptoms, negative mood, and negative cognitive schemas. While empirical findings for explicitly assessed interpretation bias are rather consistent, implicit measures have revealed heterogeneous results. In this context, we present two studies investigating the relationship between implicit and explicit interpretation bias and depression- and anxiety-related state and trait variables. In the first study, we conducted an implicit ambiguous cue-conditioning task (ACCT) with 113 young, healthy individuals. In the second study, we utilized an explicit ambiguous social situations task (DUCTUS) with 113 young, healthy individuals. Additionally, a subsample of 46 participants completed both the ACCT and DUCTUS tasks to directly relate the two bias scores obtained from the implicit and explicit assessment methods, respectively. In the first study, regression analysis revealed no significant predictors for the implicit interpretation bias. However, in the second study, the explicit negative interpretation bias was significantly predicted by female gender, depressive symptoms, and dysfunctional cognitive schemas. For the subsample that completed both tasks, we observed no significant correlation between the two bias scores obtained from the ACCT and DUCTUS. These results suggest that implicit and explicit interpretation biases are differently associated with depression-related trait and state characteristics, indicating that they represent different aspects of biased information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michèle Wessa
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Neuropsychology, Institute for Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany
- Research Group Wessa, Leibniz-Institute of Resilience Research (LIR), 55122 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mila Domke-Wolf
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Neuropsychology, Institute for Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefanie M. Jungmann
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Experimental Psychopathology and Psychotherapy, Institute for Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany;
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