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Storozheva ZI, Kirenskaya AV, Samylkin DV, Gruden MA, Sewell RDE. Association of GAD1 gene polymorphism rs3749034 with the information processing and cognitive event-related potentials in schizophrenia patients and healthy subjects. Clin Neurophysiol 2024; 166:142-151. [PMID: 39168087 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2024.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glutamic acid decarboxylase, an enzyme in GABA biosynthesis, is encoded by the GAD1 gene, the transcriptional activity of which is affected by the rs3749034 polymorphism. The aim was to investigate the effects of rs3749034 on cognitive event-related potentials (P300) in healthy subjects and schizophrenic patients. METHODS Determination of rs3749034 polymorphism was performed in 89 healthy volunteers and 109 schizophrenic patients (males). Two-stimulus oddball task performance and P300 auditory evoked potentials were analyzed and patient symptomatology was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). RESULTS An increased frequency of C allele carriers was disclosed in patients. In controls, superior task performance was observed in cytosine-thymine carriers, while a greater P300 amplitude and shorter latency were found in C/C carriers. Analogous effects were found in patients with a disease onset before 25 years of age. Higher N5 and lower P3 and G5 PANSS scales were revealed in C/C homozygotes. CONCLUSIONS The findings substantiate an involvement of GABA-ergic mechanisms in maintaining an optimal excitatory-inhibitory balance and an association of rs3749034 with early-onset disorder and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. SIGNIFICANCE These results are important for understanding underlying mechanisms and the development of evidence-based methods for assessing the risk of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna V Kirenskaya
- Center of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy "Alvian", Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis V Samylkin
- National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina A Gruden
- P. K. Anokhin Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Robert D E Sewell
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Department of Pharmacy, CECOS University, Peshawar 25000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
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Hou L, Zhang J, Liu J, Chen C, Gao X, Chen L, Zhou Z, Zhou H. Two-Hour Nicotine Withdrawal Improves Inhibitory Control Dysfunction in Male Smokers: Evidence from a Smoking-Cued Go/No-Go Task ERP Study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2024; 20:863-875. [PMID: 38645711 PMCID: PMC11027927 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s452795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Nicotine withdrawal is a multifaceted physiological and psychological process that can induce a spectrum of mood disturbances. Gaining a more nuanced understanding of how pure nicotine withdrawal influences cognitive control functions may provide valuable insights for the enhancement of smoking cessation programs. This study investigated changes in inhibitory control function in smokers after 2-hour nicotine withdrawal using the event-related potential (ERP) technique. Participants and Methods 28 nicotine dependence (ND) patients and 28 health controls (HCs) completed a smoking-cued Go/No-go task containing two different types of picture stimuli, smoking-cued and neutral picture stimuli. We analyzed the behavioral and ERP data using a mixed model Repeated Measure Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Results No-go trials accuracy rate (ACC) at baseline (time 1) was lower in the ND group compared to HCs with smoking-cued stimuli, and No-go trials ACC after 2-hour nicotine withdrawal (time 2) was not lower in the ND group compared to HCs. When confronted with smoking-cued stimuli, the No-go trials ACC was higher in time 2 than in time 1 in the ND group. For the ERP component, the No-go N2 amplitudes in the ND group with smoking-cued stimuli were lower than that of HCs, whereas after 2-hour nicotine withdrawal, the ND group's No-go N2 amplitudes higher than that at time 1, and did not differ from that of HCs. No-go P3 amplitudes were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion Evidenced from ERP data, ND patients have an inhibitory control dysfunction in the face of smoking cues, which is mainly manifested in the early stage of response inhibition rather than in the late stage. Two-hour nicotine withdrawal improves inhibitory control dysfunction in ND patients. The No-go N2 component is an important and sensitive neuroelectrophysiological indicator of inhibitory control function in ND patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Hou
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi City, 214151, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Huaian Third People’s Hospital, Huaian City, 223021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Humanities and Management Science, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu City, 241000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi City, 214151, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuezheng Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi City, 214151, People’s Republic of China
| | - Limin Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi City, 214151, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenhe Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi City, 214151, People’s Republic of China
- School of Humanities and Management Science, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu City, 241000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongliang Zhou
- Department of Psychology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi City, 214151, People’s Republic of China
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Zhang R, Yan W, Manza P, Shokri-Kojori E, Demiral SB, Schwandt M, Vines L, Sotelo D, Tomasi D, Giddens NT, Wang GJ, Diazgranados N, Momenan R, Volkow ND. Disrupted brain state dynamics in opioid and alcohol use disorder: attenuation by nicotine use. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024; 49:876-884. [PMID: 37935861 PMCID: PMC10948795 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-023-01750-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Substance use disorder (SUD) is a chronic relapsing disorder with long-lasting changes in brain intrinsic networks. While most research to date has focused on static functional connectivity, less is known about the effect of chronic drug use on dynamics of brain networks. Here we investigated brain state dynamics in individuals with opioid use (OUD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) and assessed how concomitant nicotine use, which is frequent among individuals with OUD and AUD, affects brain dynamics. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data of 27 OUD, 107 AUD, and 137 healthy participants were included in the analyses. To identify recurrent brain states and their dynamics, we applied a data-driven clustering approach that determines brain states at a single time frame. We found that OUD and AUD non-smokers displayed similar changes in brain state dynamics including decreased fractional occupancy or dwell time in default mode network (DMN)-dominated brain states and increased appearance rate in visual network (VIS)-dominated brain states, which were also reflected in transition probabilities of related brain states. Interestingly, co-use of nicotine affected brain states in an opposite manner by lowering VIS-dominated and enhancing DMN-dominated brain states in both OUD and AUD participants. Our finding revealed a similar pattern of brain state dynamics in OUD and AUD participants that differed from controls, with an opposite effect for nicotine use suggesting distinct effects of various drugs on brain state dynamics. Different strategies for treating SUD may need to be implemented based on patterns of co-morbid drug use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Weizheng Yan
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Peter Manza
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ehsan Shokri-Kojori
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sukru Baris Demiral
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Melanie Schwandt
- Office of Clinical Director, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1108, USA
| | - Leah Vines
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Diana Sotelo
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Dardo Tomasi
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Natasha T Giddens
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Gene-Jack Wang
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Nancy Diazgranados
- Office of Clinical Director, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1108, USA
| | - Reza Momenan
- Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1108, USA
| | - Nora D Volkow
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Schultz KE, Mantell B, Berkman ET, Swann NC. Prepared and reactive inhibition in smokers and non-smokers. Behav Brain Res 2023; 437:114120. [PMID: 36181947 PMCID: PMC9926641 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Models of addiction have identified deficits in inhibitory control, or the ability to inhibit inappropriate or unwanted behaviors, as one factor in the development and maintenance of addictive behaviors. Current literature supports disruption of the prefrontal circuits that mediate reactive inhibitory control processes (i.e., inhibition in response to sudden, unplanned changes in environmental demands) in substance use disorders. However, the relationship between disorders of addiction, such as nicotine dependence, and planned inhibitory processes (i.e., inhibition that occurs after advance warning) is unclear. The goal of the present study was to examine the extent to which reactive and planned inhibitory processes are differentially disrupted in nicotine dependent individuals. METHOD We employed an internet-based novel stop signal task wherein participants were instructed to stop a continuous movement at either a predictable or unpredictable time. This task explicitly separated planned and reactive inhibitory processes and assessed group differences in task performance between smokers (N = 281) and non-smokers (N = 164). The smoker group was defined as any participant that identified as a smoker and reported an average daily nicotine consumption of at least 2 mg. The non-smoker group was defined as any participant that identified as a non-smoker and had not been a former smoker that quit within the last year. The smoker group also completed a questionnaire regarding smoking behaviors which included the Fägerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence (FTND). We used these data to assess the continuous relation between planned stopping, unplanned stopping, and smoking behaviors. RESULTS We found significant differences in stop times for both reactive and planned stopping between groups as well as within the smoker group. Additionally, in the smoker group, dependence as measured by the FTND was associated with longer stop times on planned stop trials. Surprisingly, greater daily average consumption of nicotine was related to faster stopping for both trial types. CONCLUSION These results indicate the relevance of measuring both reactive and planned inhibitory processes for elucidating the relationship between nicotine addiction and mechanisms of inhibitory control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey E. Schultz
- Department of Biology, University of Oregon, USA,Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, USA,Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, USA,Corresponding author at: Department of Biology, University of Oregon, USA. (K.E. Schultz)
| | | | - Elliot T. Berkman
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, USA,Center for Translational Neuroscience, University of Oregon, USA
| | - Nicole C. Swann
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, USA,Center for Translational Neuroscience, University of Oregon, USA,Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, USA
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