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Balzen KM, Blacutt M, Lind M, Penner F, Sharp C. Awareness of Narrative Identity Questionnaire (ANIQ) in Early Adolescents: Psychometric Evaluation and Association with Features of Personality Disorder. J Pers Assess 2024; 106:337-346. [PMID: 37732705 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2023.2258979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Identity formation is central to adolescent development. Challenges in establishing a stable sense of self is associated with maladaptive identity function, which has been recognized as a core feature of personality pathology. The narrative identity framework offers a unique lens to garner salient information about one's sense of self. The Awareness of Narrative Identity Questionnaire (ANIQ) is a self-report measure of narrative identity validated in adults but is yet to be validated in adolescents. The current study aimed to conduct the first psychometric evaluation of the ANIQ in a sample of 205 youth aged 10-14 years (M = 12.1 ± 1.06 years; 50.7% female; 73.7% Hispanic) recruited from a public charter school. Results confirmed the four-factor structure of the ANIQ and showed high internal consistency. Convergent validity was supported through negative associations between the ANIQ and borderline personality features and identity diffusion. Incremental validity of the ANIQ over identity diffusion in predicting borderline personality features was also examined, but not supported. Overall, results support the ANIQ as a promising instrument for the assessment of narrative identity in youth. However, some improvements to the ANIQ might be necessary in order to use it as a clinical tool in identifying youth with personality pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Majse Lind
- Department of Psychology, Aalborg University
| | | | - Carla Sharp
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston
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Cervantes BR, Kerr S, Vanwoerden S, Sharp C. Operationalizing intimacy and identity aspects of personality functioning in relation to personality disorder in adolescents. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1153274. [PMID: 37113535 PMCID: PMC10126270 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1153274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
According to dimensional models of personality pathology, deficits in interpersonal (intimacy and empathy) and self (identity and self-direction) function (Criterion A) are core to all personality disorders. These aspects of personality functioning (Criterion A) have seldom been evaluated for how they might relate to one another in the context of personality pathology in adolescents. Moreover, the use of performance-based measures to evaluate aspects of Criterion A function remains an untapped resource. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate relations between two features of Criterion A, maladaptive intimacy and maladaptive (or diffused) identity, in adolescence. For intimacy, we leverage a performance-based approach to studying intimacy, operationalized in a developmentally relevant way (perceived parental closeness). For identity, we rely on a validated self-report measure of identity diffusion. We examined the relationship between these features with each other and their relations with borderline features. Additionally, we explored whether identity diffusion mediated the expected relationship between perceived parental closeness and borderline features. We hypothesized that greater distance in perceived parental closeness would be associated with higher levels of borderline features, as well as higher levels of identity diffusion, and that identity diffusion would account for the relationship between intimacy and personality pathology. The sample included 131 inpatient adolescents (M age = 15.35, 70.2% female). Results indicated that intimacy, operationalized as perceived parental closeness, with both mothers and fathers was significantly associated with levels of identity diffusion and borderline features. In addition, greater feelings of closeness with parents were associated with lower severity of borderline features via healthier identity function. Implications of the results, limitations, and future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sophie Kerr
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Salome Vanwoerden
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Carla Sharp
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Carla Sharp,
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Caretti V, Franquillo AC, Guccione C, Cuzzocrea G, Pecora R, Trani L, Carpentieri R, Cantiano A, Cinelli F, Betti E, Fontana A, Sideli L, Panaccione I, Brogna P, Caprì C, Di Cesare G, Ducci G. Integrating Psychophysiology within Clinical Practice: A Pilot Cross-sectional Study on Prodromal Symptoms of Schizophrenia, Emotion Regulation, and Personality Functioning. CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHIATRY 2021; 18:334-338. [PMID: 35096080 PMCID: PMC8785423 DOI: 10.36131/cnfioritieditore20210607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between prodromal symptoms of schizophrenia, autonomic activity, and personality functioning. METHOD 10 adolescents underwent semi-structured interviews assessing prodromal symptoms of schizophrenia and personality functioning. Cardiac activity was recorded at baseline, during the clinical interviews, and at recovery to assess concurrent changes in autonomic functioning. RESULTS During the assessment of prodromal symptoms of schizophrenia, participants increased sympathetic activation compared to the recovery condition, and reduced vagal activation compared to the assessment of interpersonal functioning. CONCLUSIONS The findings highlight the importance of integrating the autonomic assessment in clinical psychiatric and psychological practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Caretti
- Department of Human Sciences, LUMSA University, Rome, Italy
- Consorzio Universitario Humanitas, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Chiara Franquillo
- Department of Human Sciences, LUMSA University, Rome, Italy
- Consorzio Universitario Humanitas, Rome, Italy
| | - Camilla Guccione
- Department of Human Sciences, LUMSA University, Rome, Italy
- Consorzio Universitario Humanitas, Rome, Italy
| | - Gaia Cuzzocrea
- Department of Human Sciences, LUMSA University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Lucrezia Trani
- Department of Human Sciences, LUMSA University, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Eleonora Betti
- Department of Human Sciences, LUMSA University, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Fontana
- Department of Human Sciences, LUMSA University, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Sideli
- Department of Human Sciences, LUMSA University, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Chiara Caprì
- Department of Mental Health, PIPSM, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Ducci
- Department of Mental Health, PIPSM, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
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Plakolm Erlač S, Bucik V, Gregorič Kumperščak H. Explicit and Implicit Measures of Identity Diffusion in Adolescent Girls With Borderline Personality Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:805390. [PMID: 35046857 PMCID: PMC8762200 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.805390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study is the first to examine both the implicit and explicit self-concept of identity diffusion in a sample of adolescent patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). A clinical sample of adolescent girls with diagnosed BPD (N = 30; M age = 15.9 years) and a sample of girls with a healthy personality development (N = 33; M age = 16.6 years) completed an implicit association test (IAT) that was adjusted to identity diffusion, the core of BPD. Common domains of child and adolescent psychopathology and core components of BPD were assessed using self-reports on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), the Borderline Personality Features Scale for Children-11 (BPFSC-11) and the Assessment of Identity Development in Adolescence (AIDA). BPD patients scored significantly higher on explicit measures of borderline pathology than girls with a healthy personality development. A crucial finding for this study was that girls with BPD had a significantly lower implicit preference for stability than their counterparts in the control group. Moreover, explicit measures of borderline personality pathology were significantly correlated with an implicit measure of identity diffusion, the core of BPD. However, when looking at the predictive ability of implicit and explicit measures, only explicit identity diffusion was significantly associated with borderline features. Our data suggests that adolescent girls with BPD differ from healthy individuals not only in their conscious representation but also in their implicit representation of the self with regard to BPD related characteristics, which further advances the need for the identification of at-risk adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Plakolm Erlač
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Pediatrics Clinic, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia.,Department of Psychology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Valentin Bucik
- Department of Psychology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Hojka Gregorič Kumperščak
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Pediatrics Clinic, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
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