The Mediating Role of Coping Style in the Relationship Between Sleep Quality and Burnout: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Psychiatric Nurses

Depressive Symptoms among Psychiatric Nurses in a Hospital: An Analytical Research

BACKGROUND

Psychiatric nurses are vulnerable to the menace of negative emotions due to the nature of their work and the closed environment in which they work. In this study, we aimed to investigate the incidence and influencing factors of depression among psychiatric nurses.

METHODS

A cross-sectional survey method was adopted to investigate 64 nurses working in the psychiatric department of a hospital from June 2022 to June 2023. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) questionnaire was administered to all included respondents, who were divided into depressed group (>4 points) and non-depressed group (≤4 points) according to the BDI scores. General sociological and disease-related characteristics of these two groups were measured, and items with significant differences were analyzed by logistic regression to derive factors that have an impact on the occurrence of depression among psychiatric nurses.

RESULTS

Twelve psychiatric nurses in the surveyed hospital exhibited signs of depressive symptoms, with a rate of 18.75%. The univariate analysis unveiled differences between the depressed group and the non-depressed group in terms of daily sleep time, weekly working hours, professional title, working pressure, physical exercise, length of service, and physical condition. Further analysis through logistic regression revealed that daily sleep time, weekly working hours, and physical condition were factors affecting the occurrence of depression among psychiatric nurses.

CONCLUSION

The vulnerability of psychiatric nurses to depression, which are potentially influenced by daily sleep hours, weekly working hours, and physical condition, deserves clinical attention so that countermeasures can be developed for early intervention.

Nurse managers' perceptions and experiences of caring behavior for clinical nurses: a multicenter survey

BACKGROUND

Humanistic care management is a necessary measure to improve the motivation and initiative of clinical nurses and is the foundation to improve the quality of nursing. Understanding the current status and identifying the influencing factors that promote or hinder humanistic care behaviors is essential. This study investigated the current status and experiences of nurse managers' caring behaviors toward clinical nurses.

METHODS

We conducted a mixed-methods study with an explanatory sequential design. A survey on the nurse managers' caring behaviors in 101 hospitals from 23 provinces and four municipalities in China was investigated (n = 2022). Then, semi-structured interviews were conducted to obtain information about the participants' experiences associated with the performance of caring behaviors (n = 27).

RESULTS

Survey data demonstrated that the nurse managers' overall caring behaviors were moderately good. The total scoring rate was 88.55%, and the overall score was 161.19 ± 20.68. Qualitative data revealed that the capacity of nurse managers and clinical nurses, opportunity, and motivation to implement humanistic care are key influencing factors of caring behaviors.

CONCLUSIONS

The results suggested that intrinsic motivation, organizational support, and the humanistic care capabilities of clinical nurses and nurse managers are vital to implementing care behaviors. Thus, successful humanistic care management requires a concerted effort at the individual and organizational levels.

Trends in use of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder medication among children and adolescents in Scandinavia in 2010-2020

The objective of the study was to compare the use of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medication among children and adolescents in Scandinavia 2010-2020. Using aggregated prescription data for individuals aged 5-19 years, we calculated annual prevalence proportions of ADHD medication (users/1000 inhabitants) for each country, overall and stratified by age and sex. Overall, use of ADHD medication increased during 2010-2020 in all countries. The increase was pronounced in Sweden reaching 35 users/1000 inhabitants in 2020 (119% increase), whereas it reached 22/1000 in Denmark and Norway (equivalent to a 38% and 16% increase, respectively). Methylphenidate was the most frequently used drug and Sweden had the highest use reaching 25/1000 in 2020 compared to 16/1000 and 18/1000 in Denmark and Norway, respectively. Lisdexamfetamine use increased steadily and was also highest in Sweden (13/1000 in 2020). In 2020, atomoxetine use was higher in Sweden (4.6/1000) and Denmark (4.5/1000) compared to Norway (2.2/1000). From 2015, use of guanfacine increased in Sweden reaching 4.4/1000 in 2020 but remained low in Denmark (0.4/1000) and Norway (0.7/1000). Use of dexamphetamine was low (ranging from 0.47 to 0.75/1000 in 2020) in the three countries. ADHD medication use was highest in Sweden across all age groups. In all countries, the prevalence was higher in males compared to females. In conclusion, use of ADHD medication among children and adolescents in Scandinavia is increasing. The prevalence of use is higher in Sweden for all drug groups compared to Norway and Denmark.

Job burnout among workers with different shift regularity: interactive factors between sleep, depression, and work environment

Object

We investigated burnout and associated factors in non-shift workers (NSWs), shift workers with regular rotating shifts (RRSWs), and shift workers with irregular or unpredictable rotating shifts (IRSWs).

Methods

In total, 5,125 adult workers (1,966 NSWs, 1,936 RRSWs, and 1,223 IRSWs) participated in an online self-reported survey. Job burnout and three dimensions thereof (exhaustion, cynicism, and professional efficacy) were assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS). The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) (depressive symptoms), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) (subjective sleep quality), and Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) (stressful job environment) were also used.

Results

Both types of shift workers scored higher in terms of exhaustion, cynicism, and poor professional efficacy on the MBI-GS compared with NSWs after controlling for age and gender. IRSWs exhibited higher scores on the exhaustion and professional efficacy dimensions of the MBI-GS compared with RRSWs. After controlling for the CES-D and PSQI scores, we found no significant difference in cynicism among the groups. After controlling for the KOSS score, we found no significant difference in professional efficacy. All MBI-GS dimensional scores were correlated significantly with the CES-D, PSQI, and KOSS scores in all three groups.

Conclusion

The job burnout level of rotating shift workers, especially those with irregular shifts, was higher than that of other workers. Cynicism in shift workers may be largely attributable to poor sleep or depression; the poor efficacy of shift workers may be explained by their stressful work environment.

Sleep Disturbance and Occupational Fatigue in Emergency Nurses of Public Hospitals in Greece: A Cross-Sectional Study

The emergency department (ED) is a stressful workplace for nurses, due to heavy workload and work shifts, which affect sleep quality, causing occupational fatigue. As a result, nurses burn out and turn over and quality of care is impaired. The aim of this study was to investigate sleep disturbance (SD) and occupational fatigue (OF) in emergency nurses of public hospitals in Greece. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the ED of tertiary public hospitals in Greece from September 2019 to October 2021, after the approval from the scientific and ethical committee of hospitals and the full informed consent of participants. The Standard Shift work Index (SSI) questionnaire was used, which includes 12 question groups about sleep habits and OF evaluation for shift workers, as nurses. Two hundred and ten ED nurses were recruited for the purpose of the study. In this research their quality of life, sleep completeness, and fatigue levels were studied. A moderate level of SD (total score = 70.54) of nurses was found that was related to marital status, presence of children, and underlying diseases (p = 0.012, p = 0.024, and p = 0.002, respectively). OF was assessed at low levels (score = 27.34) and was mainly related to age, with younger nurses reporting less fatigue compared with older nurses. The effect of work shifts in SD and OF of ED nurses was well documented. ED nurses' OF was correlated with increased SD, age, and marital status. Further research is needed for a better assessment and understanding of the factors that influence SD and OF of ED nurses to plan a strategy to optimize sleep patterns of work shift ED nurses.

Burnout Syndrome and Sleep Quality in Basic Education Teachers in Mexico

Burnout syndrome (BS) is the result of chronic stress in the workplace. Moreover, chronic stress can affect sleep. A unidirectional relationship has been established between burnout and sleep, and it is known that white-collar workers with burnout syndrome have sleep fragmentation and marked daytime sleepiness.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to assess the relationships between burnout and sleep quality in elementary school teachers in Mexico.

METHODS

We collected data from more than 400 teachers who completed tests. Correlation analyses controlled for anxiety and depression, and Poisson logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the relationships of burnout with sleep quality, depression, and anxiety.

RESULTS

There was a significant correlation between burnout syndrome (mainly in the dimension of emotional exhaustion) and sleep disturbances; significant correlations were also observed with other burnout, depression, and anxiety dimensions. The strength of the correlations decreased after controlling for depression and anxiety.

CONCLUSIONS

The symptoms of burnout syndrome in teachers can overlap with sleep disorders, so it is necessary to make a differential diagnosis to differentiate burnout syndrome from depression and anxiety, among others.

Impact of Insomnia on Burnout Among Chinese Nurses Under the Regular COVID-19 Epidemic Prevention and Control: Parallel Mediating Effects of Anxiety and Depression

Objective: To investigate the mediating effects of anxiety and depression in the relationship between insomnia and burnout among Chinese nurses under the regular COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control.

Methods: Convenience sampling was applied to recruit 784 nurses in Jiangsu Province, China. The respondents completed the survey via mobile devices. Demographic questionnaire, Insomnia Severity Index, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Maslach Burnout Inventory were used to assess demographic information, insomnia, anxiety, depression, and burnout, respectively. Hayes PROCESS macro was employed to examine the mediation model.

Results: Insomnia, anxiety, depression and burnout were positively and significantly associated with each other. Anxiety and depression played partial mediation effects between insomnia and burnout with the mediation effect of anxiety and depression accounting for 28.87% and 31.69% of the total effect, respectively.

Conclusion: Insomnia may lead to burnout through the parallel mediating effects of anxiety and depression in Chinese nurses. Interventions on sleep, anxiety and depression from the hospital management were essential to ameliorate nurses’ burnout status under the regular COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control.

Burnout and associative emotional status and coping style of healthcare workers in COVID-19 epidemic control: A cross-sectional study

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of burnout, clinical anxiety, depression, and insomnia and to estimate the associations of adverse emotional status, coping style, and level of self-efficacy with burnout of healthcare workers in the Shenzhen Longgang District Frontline District Headquarters of COVID-19 epidemic control, China.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, 173 staff completed the anonymous questionnaires of the Maslach Burnout Inventory, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item Scale (GAD-7), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), General Self-efficacy Scale, and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire electronically (https://www.wjx.cn/) in June 2022. Hierarchical logistic regression was used to explore the associated factors of burnout in this study.

Results

The prevalence of burnout in our participants (defined as high emotional exhaustion or high depersonalization) was 47.40%, and reduced personal accomplishment was 92.49%. The prevalence of clinically significant depression (the cutoff score of ≥15), anxiety (the cutoff score of ≥10), and insomnia (the cutoff score of ≥15) was 11.56, 19.08, and 19.08%, respectively. There was a degree of overlap between burnout and other measures of adverse mental status, most notably for anxiety (odds ratio, 27.049; 95% CI, 6.125–117.732; p < 0.001). Hierarchical logistic regression demonstrated that burnout was strongly associated with anxiety (OR = 23.889; 95% CI, 5.216–109.414; p < 0.001) and negative coping style (OR = 1.869; 95% CI, 1.278–2.921; p < 0.01) independently.

Conclusion

Medical staff involved in COVID-19 epidemic control in the post-epidemic era were at high risk of burnout, and most of them were in low personal accomplishment. Reducing anxiety and improving coping style by medical management institutions from the system level may be effective in alleviating burnout in healthcare workers.