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Talevi V, Wen J, Lalla RV, Brennan MT, Mougeot FB, Mougeot JLC. Identification of single nucleotide pleomorphisms associated with periodontal disease in head and neck cancer irradiation patients by exome sequencing. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2020; 130:32-42.e4. [PMID: 32451231 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2020.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Periodontal disease (PD) is a common oral complication in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) undergoing radiation therapy (RT). Our objective was to identify candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with PD in radiation-treated patients with HNC. STUDY DESIGN DNA was extracted from the saliva of patients with HNC (n = 69) before RT. Clinical attachment loss (CAL) increment greater than 0.2 mm over 24 months after RT was used to define PD progression. After exome sequencing, SNPs associated with post-RT PD progression were identified by using logistic regression and homozygosity analyses. The web tools STRING, the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID), GeneCodis, and Ensembl Variant Effect Predictor were used for functional analysis. RESULTS Of the 48 patients with HNC with post-RT PD progression, 24 had no tooth with 5 mm or greater pocket depth before RT, whereas of the 21 patients with HNC without progression, 11 had PD initially. A total of 330 SNPs (249 genes) with over-represented homozygous genotype (98.5% variant allele) were found to be associated with post-RT PD. Sixty of these corresponded to PD-related pathways, including previously identified genes. In patients with HNC with post-RT PD progression, SNPs were found in genes (n = 10) in contrast to those without progression (n = 7). CONCLUSIONS The SNPs of collagen genes were identified, potentially defining susceptibility to PD in patients with HNC, and this could be further investigated to characterize PD drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Talevi
- Department of Oral Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, USA; College of Computing and Informatics, Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, UNC-Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Jia Wen
- College of Computing and Informatics, Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, UNC-Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Rajesh V Lalla
- Section of Oral Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Michael T Brennan
- Department of Oral Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Farah B Mougeot
- Department of Oral Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Jean-Luc C Mougeot
- Department of Oral Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, USA; College of Computing and Informatics, Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, UNC-Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA.
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Antunes L, Bento MJ, Sobrinho-Simões M, Soares P, Boaventura P. Cancer incidence after childhood irradiation for tinea capitis in a Portuguese cohort. Br J Radiol 2019; 93:20180677. [PMID: 31674803 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20180677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our aim was to compare cancer incidence in a cohort exposed in childhood (1950-63) to a therapeutic dose of radiation in the North of Portugal and followed-up until the end of 2012, with the incidence rates for the same age and sex in the general population. METHODS A population-based North Region cancer registry (RORENO) was used to assess which members of the cohort developed cancer. The association between radiation exposure and overall and specific cancer sites was evaluated using standardised incidence ratios (SIR). RESULTS Over the full follow-up period, 3357 individuals of the 5356 original tinea capitis (TC) cohort (63%) were retrieved in the RORENO, and 399 new cancer cases were identified, representing an increased risk of 49% when compared with the general population (SIR = 1.49; 95% CI: 1.35-1.64). The risk was slightly higher in males than in females (SIR = 1.65; 95% CI: 1.43-1.89 vs SIR = 1.35; CI = 1.17-1.55). The risk was slightly higher in the individuals exposed to a higher radiation dose (SIR = 1.78; 95% CI: 1.22-2.51 for ≥630 R vs SIR = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.31-1.62 for 325-475 R). In females, there was an excess cancer risk in all cancers with the higher radiation dose (SIR = 2.00; 95% CI: 1.21-3.13 for ≥630 R vs SIR = 1.30; 95% CI: 1.11-1.51 for 325-475 R) which was not observed in males, and for combined dose categories significantly raised SIRs for thyroid and head and neck cancer, suggesting a possible higher radiosensitivity of females. An increased risk was also observed for some cancers located far from the irradiated area. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest an association between radiation exposure and later increased cancer risk for cancers located near the radiation exposed area, mainly thyroid, and head and neck cancers. Further studies are necessary to disentangle possible non-radiation causes for distant cancers increased risk. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE This paper shows a possible association between childhood X-ray epilation and increased risk of cancer which was not previously investigated in the Portuguese TC cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Antunes
- North Region Cancer Registry of Portugal, Department of Epidemiology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida North Region Cancer Registry of Portugal, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria José Bento
- North Region Cancer Registry of Portugal, Department of Epidemiology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida North Region Cancer Registry of Portugal, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Sobrinho-Simões
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine University of Porto, 4200 - 319 Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar de S. João, 4200 - 319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Soares
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine University of Porto, 4200 - 319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Boaventura
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine University of Porto, 4200 - 319 Porto, Portugal
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Mehyar LS, Abu-Arja MH, Stanek JR, Elbeshlawi I, AbdelBaki MS. The Risk of Developing Secondary Central Nervous System Tumors After Diagnostic Irradiation From Computed Tomography in Pediatrics: A Literature Review. Pediatr Neurol 2019; 98:18-24. [PMID: 31235364 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2019.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced diagnostic imaging has provided tremendous benefits; however, increased use of ionizing radiation modalities such as cranial computed tomography (CT) may be associated with an increased risk of developing central nervous system tumors. METHODS A literature review identified studies published for more than the last 50 years from 1968 to 2018 that explored the association between head CT scans and developing central nervous system tumors in pediatrics. We reviewed seven studies that described and analyzed the risk of brain tumors. RESULTS A positive correlation between exposure to CT scans and developing central nervous system tumors was evident in all cohorts. The strength of the association varied across the studies. Exclusion of patients with predisposing factors to central nervous system tumors was examined in four studies with a decreased risk to develop central nervous system tumors noted in three studies. Two studies reported nonsignificant reduction in the excess relative risk per milliGray of brain dose after adjusting for predisposing factors, whereas the reduction was significant in one study. The frequency of CT exposure was proportional to the risk of developing tumors in two studies although not significantly maintained in two other studies. Gender had no significant effect on the central nervous system tumor risk. The calendar year at the time of imaging showed decreasing risk in those exposed to CT in more recent years compared with prior decades. CONCLUSIONS Prospective epidemiologic studies are needed to examine the precise carcinogenic effect of exposure to ionizing radiation and help tailor further preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubna S Mehyar
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, Ruby Memorial Hospital, Morgantown, West Virginia.
| | - Mohammad H Abu-Arja
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Joseph R Stanek
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ismail Elbeshlawi
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mohamed S AbdelBaki
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
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Vered Y, Chetrit A, Sgan-Cohen HD, Amitai T, Mann J, Even-Nir H, Sadetzki S. Caries Experience among Adults Exposed to Low to Moderate Doses of Ionizing Radiation in Childhood - The Tinea Capitis Cohort. Front Public Health 2016; 4:18. [PMID: 26942172 PMCID: PMC4763082 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2016.00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
While the impact of therapeutic levels of ionizing radiation during childhood on dental defects has been documented, the possible effect of low doses on dental health is unknown. The study aim was to assess the association between childhood exposure to low-moderate doses of therapeutic radiation and caries experience among a cohort of adults 50 years following the exposure. The analysis was based on a sample of 253 irradiated (in the treatment of tinea capitis) and 162 non-irradiated subjects. The decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index was assessed during a clinical dental examination and questions regarding dental care services utilization, oral hygiene behavior, current self-perceived mouth dryness, socio-demographic parameters, and health behavior variables were obtained through a face-to-face interview. An ordered multivariate logistic regression model was used to assess the association of the main independent variable (irradiation status) and other relevant independent variables on the increase in DMFT. Mean caries experience levels (DMFT) were 18.6 ± 7.5 for irradiated subjects compared to 16.4 ± 7.2 for the non-irradiated (p = 0.002). Controlling for gender, age, education, income, smoking, dental visit in the last year, and brushing teeth behavior, irradiation was associated with a 72% increased risk for higher DMFT level (95% CI: 1.19-2.50). A quantification of the risk by dose absorbed in the salivary gland and in the thyroid gland showed adjusted ORs of 2.21 per 1 Gy (95% CI: 1.40-3.50) and 1.05 per 1 cGy (95% CI: 1.01-1.09), respectively. Childhood exposure to ionizing radiation (0.2-0.4 Gy) might be associated with late outcomes of dental health. In line with the guidelines of the American Dental Association, these results call for caution when using dental radiographs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuval Vered
- Department of Community Dentistry, Hadassah Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University , Jerusalem , Israel
| | - Angela Chetrit
- Cancer and Radiation Epidemiology Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research , Tel Hashomer , Israel
| | - Harold D Sgan-Cohen
- Department of Community Dentistry, Hadassah Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University , Jerusalem , Israel
| | - Tova Amitai
- Cancer and Radiation Epidemiology Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research , Tel Hashomer , Israel
| | - Jonathan Mann
- Department of Community Dentistry, Hadassah Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University , Jerusalem , Israel
| | - Hadas Even-Nir
- Cancer and Radiation Epidemiology Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research , Tel Hashomer , Israel
| | - Siegal Sadetzki
- Cancer and Radiation Epidemiology Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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