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Nguyen HD. An evaluation of the effects of mixed heavy metals on prediabetes and type 2 diabetes: epidemiological and toxicogenomic analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-28037-3. [PMID: 37326729 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28037-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The link between mixed heavy metals (mercury, lead, and cadmium), prediabetes, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), especially molecular mechanisms, is poorly understood. Thus, we aimed to identify the association between mixed heavy metals and T2DM and its components using a data set from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We further analyzed the main molecular mechanisms implicated in T2DM development induced by mixed heavy metals using in-silico analysis. Our findings observed that serum mercury was associated with prediabetes, elevated glucose, and ln2-transformed glucose when using different statistical methods. "AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications", "non-alcoholic fatty liver disease", "metabolic Syndrome X", and three miRNAs (hsa-miR-98-5p, hsa-let-7a-5p, and hsa-miR-34a-5p) were listed as the most important molecular mechanisms related to T2DM development caused by mixed heavy metals. These miRNA sponge structures were created and examined, and they may be beneficial in the treatment of T2DM. The predicted cutoff values for three heavy metal levels linked to T2DM and its components were specifically identified. Our results imply that chronic exposure to heavy metals, particularly mercury, may contribute to the development of T2DM. To understand the changes in the pathophysiology of T2DM brought on by a combination of heavy metals, more research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Duc Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, 57922, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea.
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Vidhyadevi R, Saudhamini S, Padmanaban S, Sundar D, Kannappan S, Suryaprabha G. Association of Risk Factors among Nasal and Orbital Mucormycosis in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Curr Ophthalmol 2022; 34:460-464. [PMID: 37180537 PMCID: PMC10170986 DOI: 10.4103/joco.joco_78_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To study the risk factors of mucormycosis and analyze their association among nasal and orbital mucormycosis in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Methods All patients diagnosed of rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) with previous COVID-19 infection were included in the study. The details such as age, sex, presence of co-morbidities, and serum ferritin levels were collected. ROCM patients were classified into two groups, nasal mucormycosis (stage 1 and 2 of ROCM) and orbital mucormycosis (stage 3 and 4 of ROCM), and data were collected. Duration of COVID-19 symptoms, the time interval between COVID-19 infection and onset of ROCM symptoms, computed tomography severity score (CTSS) and usage of steroids were collected accordingly. The collected data were compared between nasal group and orbital group. Results Among 52 patients, 15 patients had nasal and 37 patients had orbital mucormycosis. Forty-one patients were more than 40 years, 43 patients were males. Seven out of ten risk factors were found to be significant on comparing nasal and orbital group. Patients of age more than 40 years (P = 0.034), elderly diabetics (P = 0.014), poor control of diabetes (P = 0.003), high serum ferritin levels (P = 0.043), duration between COVID-19 and mucormycosis of more than 20 days (P = 0.038), CTSS of more than 9/25 (P = 0.020), and steroid usage during COVID-19 infection (P = 0.034) are prone to develop orbital mucormycosis. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, these variables did not emerge as independent risk factors. Conclusions Patients with severe COVID-19 infection along with other associated risk factors can be prone to develop severe forms of mucormycosis. We did not find them to be statistically significant on multivariate analysis. In the future, large scale studies are needed to know their significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramasamy Vidhyadevi
- Department of Ophthalmology, PSGIMSR, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
- Address for correspondence: Ramasamy Vidhyadevi, Department of Ophthalmology, PSGIMSR, Coimbatore - 641 004, Tamil Nadu, India. E-mail:
| | - S. Saudhamini
- Department of Ophthalmology, PSGIMSR, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | | | - Suvetha Kannappan
- Department of Community Medicine, PSGIMSR, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Zhang J, Yin H, Zhu X, Xiang R, Miao Y, Zhang Y, Song Y, Chen J, Zhang L. Effects of multi-metal exposure on the risk of diabetes mellitus among people aged 40-75 years in rural areas in southwest China. J Diabetes Investig 2022; 13:1412-1425. [PMID: 35340117 PMCID: PMC9340878 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION Metals play an important role in diabetes mellitus. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the overall, individual and interactive effects of multi-metal exposure on the prevalence of diabetes mellitus, impaired fasting glucose (IFG) rate and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS The FBG levels of a study population from a cadmium (Cd)-polluted area (n = 250) and an unpolluted area (n = 204), and the metal levels, including magnesium, calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), Cd, copper and lead (Pb) in blood and urine were detected. The study population was divided into a normal fasting glucose group, an IFG group and a diabetes mellitus group on the basis of FBG levels. RESULTS The IFG rate and diabetes mellitus prevalence were negatively associated with blood Cd and urine Zn levels (IFG rate: odds ratio [OR] 0.780, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.655-0.928; OR 0.622, 95% CI 0.465-0.831. Diabetes mellitus prevalence: OR 0.506, 95% CI 0.288-0.888; OR 0.609, 95% CI 0.395-0.939), the IFG rate was positively associated with urine Fe levels (OR 1.876, 95% CI 1.290-2.778), and diabetes mellitus prevalence was positively associated with urine Pb and blood Fe levels (OR 1.185, 95% CI 1.022-1.376; OR 1.008, 95% CI 1.001-1.014). A linear negative correlation was observed between FBG levels and blood Cd, and non-linear inverted U-shaped associations were found between FBG levels and Zn, Pb and copper in urine. CONCLUSIONS This research suggests that multi-metal exposure, especially Cd, Fe, Zn, copper and Pb, is linked to diabetes mellitus, and the interactive effects of multiple metals require further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Huanhuan Yin
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xuemei Zhu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Rong Xiang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yeqiu Miao
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food SafetySichuan Center for Disease Control and PreventionChengduChina
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Nutrition and Food SafetySichuan Center for Disease Control and PreventionChengduChina
| | - Jinyao Chen
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Lishi Zhang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan UniversityChengduChina
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Liu L, Li A, Xu Q, Wang Q, Han F, Xu C, Liu Z, Xu D, Xu D. The association between urine elements and fasting glucose levels in a community-based elderly people in Beijing. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:30102-30113. [PMID: 34997492 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17948-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that various kinds of urinary element concentrations were different between healthy, prediabetes, and diabetes patients. Meanwhile, many studies have explored the relationship between element concentration and fasting blood glucose (FBG), but the association between joint exposure to co-existing elements and FBG level has not been well understood. The study explored the associations of joint exposure to co-existing urinary elements with FBG level in a cross-sectional design. 275 retired elderly people were recruited from Beijing, China. The questionnaire survey was conducted, and biological samples were collected. The generalized linear model (GLM) and two-phase Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) model were used to perform in-depth association analysis between urinary elements and FBG. The GLM analysis showed that Zn, Sr, and Cd were significantly correlated with the FBG level, under control potential confounding factors. The BKMR analysis demonstrated 8 elements (Zn, Se, Fe, Cr, Ni, Cd, Mn, and Al) had a higher influence on FBG (posterior inclusion probabilities > 0.1). Further intensive analyses result of the BKMR model indicated that the overall estimated exposure of 8 elements was positively correlated with the FBG level and was statistically significant when all creatinine-adjusted element concentrations were at their 65th percentile. Meanwhile, the BKMR analysis showed that Cd and Zn had a statistically significant association with FBG levels when other co-existing elements were controlled at different levels (25th, 50th, or 75th percentile), respectively. The results of the GLM and BKMR model were inconsistent. The BKMR model could flexibly calculate the joint exposure to co-existing elements, evaluate the possible interaction effects and nonlinear correlations. The meaningful conclusions were found that it was difficult to get by traditional methods. This study will provide methodological reference and experimental evidence for the association between joint exposure to co-existing elements and FBG in elderly people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Liu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Ang Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking, Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qun Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking, Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Wang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Han
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, The National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyu Xu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Dongqun Xu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - Donggang Xu
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Filippini T, Wise LA, Vinceti M. Cadmium exposure and risk of diabetes and prediabetes: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 158:106920. [PMID: 34628255 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium exposure has been associated with increased diabetes risk in several studies, though there is still considerable debate about the magnitude and shape of the association. OBJECTIVE To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies investigating the relation between cadmium exposure and risk of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes, and to summarize data on the magnitude and shape of the association. DATA SOURCE After conducting an online literature search through October 1, 2021, we identified 42 eligible studies investigating the association between cadmium exposure and risk of diabetes and prediabetes. STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA We included studies that assessed cadmium exposure through biomarker levels; examined type 2 diabetes or prediabetes among outcomes; and reported effect estimates for cadmium exposure for meta-analysis only. STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS Studies were evaluated using ROBINS-E risk of bias tool. We quantitively assessed the relation between exposure and study outcomes using one-stage dose-response meta-analysis with a random effects meta-analytical model. RESULTS In the meta-analysis, comparing highest-versus-lowest cadmium exposure levels, summary relative risks (RRs) for type 2 diabetes were 1.24 (95% confidence interval 0.96-1.59), 1.21 (1.00-1.45), and 1.47 (1.01-2.13) for blood, urinary, and toenail matrices, respectively. Similarly, there was an increased risk of prediabetes for cadmium concentrations in both urine (RR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.15-1.73) and blood (RR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.16-1.63). In the dose-response meta-analysis, we observed a consistent linear positive association between cadmium exposure and diabetes risk, with RRs of 1.25 (0.90-1.72) at 2.0 µg/g of creatinine. Conversely for blood cadmium, diabetes risk appeared to increase only above 1 µg/L. Prediabetes risk increased up to approximately 2 µg/g creatinine above which it reached a plateau with RR of 1.42 (1.12-1.76) at 2 µg/g creatinine. LIMITATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS This analysis provides moderate-certainty evidence for a positive association between cadmium exposure (measured in multiple matrices) and risk of both diabetes and prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Filippini
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Lauren A Wise
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Marco Vinceti
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA.
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He M, Cui B, Wang J, Xiao X, Wu T, Wang M, Yang R, Zhang B, Xu B, He X, Zhang G, Niu X, Li Z, Wang B, Xu B, Hui R, Wang Y. Focus on blood pressure levels and variability in the early phase of acute ischemic stroke with hypertension and carotid stenosis. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2021; 23:2089-2099. [PMID: 34783432 PMCID: PMC8696233 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the optimal blood pressure (BP) levels and relative importance of BP and BP variability in the early phase of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) for hypertensive patients with carotid artery stenosis (CAS). A single‐center cohort study included 750 AIS patients with hypertension and tests were performed for CAS. Participants were categorized to Group 1 (SBP < 140 mm Hg and DBP < 90 mm Hg), Group 2: (SBP: 140–159 mm Hg and or DBP: 90–99 mm Hg), and Group 3: (SBP ≥160 mm Hg and/or DBP ≥100 mm Hg) according to the guidelines. The associations of mean BP levels and variability with outcomes (recurrent stroke, all‐cause death and the composite cardiovascular events) at 6 months were analyzed by Cox proportional hazard models. The associations of BP variability with BP levels and cerebral blood flow (CBF) were analyzed by linear regression and generalized additive models. Both for primary and secondary outcome, more events occurred in Group 1 compared with Group 2, while no significant difference was found in Group 3 with higher BP levels. Lower systolic BP variability showed better prognosis and higher CBF. The associations were more significant in patients with CAS ≥50%. BP variability exhibited a linear negative relationship with BP levels. In the early phase of AIS with hypertension and CAS, maintaining low blood pressure variability may be important to improve outcomes while low BP levels (SBP/DBP < 140/90 mm Hg) were harmful, especially in those patients with CAS ≥ 50%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingli He
- The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bing Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jin'e Wang
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Taotao Wu
- The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingyu Wang
- The Neuroelectrophysiology Department, Lianyungang Hospital, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ru Yang
- The Neuroelectrophysiology Department, Lianyungang Hospital, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- The Medical Imaging Department, Lianyungang Hospital, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bingchao Xu
- The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaobing He
- The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoqin Niu
- The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zaipo Li
- The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bei Wang
- The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bei Xu
- The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rutai Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yibo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Akintunde JK, Omoniyi OR, Folorunsho OE, Moses CA. Meta-inhibition of ocular and gastrointestinal dysfunctions by phenolic-rich fraction of Croton zambsicus leaves in a rat model exposed to chronic mixed metals. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2021; 40:365-375. [PMID: 34488518 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2021.1976792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was aimed at investigating the protective effect of antioxidant-rich fraction of Croton zambsicus (C-ZAMB) leaves on ocular-gastrointestinal dysfunction in rats exposed to environmental mixed-metal (EOMABRSL). MATERIALS AND METHODS The rats were divided into five (n = 10) groups. Group I designates the control which received 0.5 mL of distilled water. Group II and III received 0.5 mL of EOMABRSL for 98 days (non-withdrawal) and 70 days (withdrawal for 28 days), respectively. Group IV received 0.5 mL EOMABRSL for 70 days and 400 mg/kg C-ZAMB fraction for 28 days. Group V received 400 mg/kg C-ZAMB only for 28 days via oral route. RESULTS Exposure of the animals to EOMARBSL for 98 days and 70 days significantly up-regulated the activities of ocular-gastrointestinal aldolase-reductase, α-amylase, α-glucosidase and eco-51-nucleotidase with corresponding depletion of lactate dehydrogenase activity. Furthermore, exposure to EOMABRSL significantly altered the antioxidant proteins with up-production of MDA content. Apparently, management with 400 mg/kg C-ZAMB fraction significantly inhibited the key markers linked with ocular-gastrointestinal disorders. CONCLUSION Hence, this study underscores the biochemical mechanisms for managing ocular-gastrointestinal lesions by 400 mg/kg C-ZAMB fraction on exposure to mixture of environmental metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Akintunde
- Applied Biochemistry and Molecular Toxicology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.,Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Pure and Applied Sciences, Kwara State University, Malete, Nigeria
| | - O R Omoniyi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Pure and Applied Sciences, Kwara State University, Malete, Nigeria
| | - O E Folorunsho
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Pure and Applied Sciences, Kwara State University, Malete, Nigeria
| | - C A Moses
- Applied Biochemistry and Molecular Toxicology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
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Jackson TW, Ryherd GL, Scheibly CM, Sasser AL, Guillette TC, Belcher SM. Gestational Cd Exposure in the CD-1 Mouse Induces Sex-Specific Hepatic Insulin Insensitivity, Obesity, and Metabolic Syndrome in Adult Female Offspring. Toxicol Sci 2021; 178:264-280. [PMID: 33259630 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There is compelling evidence that developmental exposure to toxic metals increases risk for obesity and obesity-related morbidity including cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. To explore the hypothesis that developmental Cd exposure increases risk of obesity later in life, male, and female CD-1 mice were maternally exposed to 500 ppb CdCl2 in drinking water during a human gestational equivalent period (gestational day 0-postnatal day 10 [GD0-PND10]). Hallmark indicators of metabolic disruption, hepatic steatosis, and metabolic syndrome were evaluated prior to birth through adulthood. Maternal blood Cd levels were similar to those observed in human pregnancy cohorts, and Cd was undetected in adult offspring. There were no observed impacts of exposure on dams or pregnancy-related outcomes. Results of glucose and insulin tolerance testing revealed that Cd exposure impaired offspring glucose homeostasis on PND42. Exposure-related increases in circulating triglycerides and hepatic steatosis were apparent only in females. By PND120, Cd-exposed females were 30% heavier with 700% more perigonadal fat than unexposed control females. There was no evidence of dyslipidemia, steatosis, increased weight gain, nor increased adiposity in Cd-exposed male offspring. Hepatic transcriptome analysis on PND1, PND21, and PND42 revealed evidence for female-specific increases in oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction with significant early disruption of retinoic acid signaling and altered insulin receptor signaling consistent with hepatic insulin sensitivity in adult females. The observed steatosis and metabolic syndrome-like phenotypes resulting from exposure to 500 ppb CdCl2 during the pre- and perinatal period of development equivalent to human gestation indicate that Cd acts developmentally as a sex-specific delayed obesogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W Jackson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
| | - Garret L Ryherd
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
| | - Chris M Scheibly
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
| | - Aubrey L Sasser
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
| | - T C Guillette
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
| | - Scott M Belcher
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
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Saba S, Akash MSH, Rehman K, Saleem U, Fiayyaz F, Ahmad T. Assessment of heavy metals by ICP-OES and their impact on insulin stimulating hormone and carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 47:1682-1691. [PMID: 32434266 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) have recently emerged as major health concerns owing to their strong association with diabetes mellitus (DM). We aimed to investigate the heavy metals exposure towards incidence of DM at various enzymatic and hormonal levels. Additionally, association of As and Cd with Zinc (Zn, essential metal) was also evaluated. Spot urine samples were collected to assess As, Cd and Zn through ICP-OES. Serum was analyzed by assay method for fasting blood glucose, liver and renal function biomarkers. ELISA was performed to investigate the impact of heavy metals on HbA1c, α-amylase, DPP-IV, IGF-1, leptin, GSH, MDA, SOD, HDL, FFA, TG and interleukin (IL)-6. Association of heavy metals with DM was measured by odds ratio (OR) and level of significance was assessed by Chi-squared test. Unpaired student's t-test was used to compare DM-associated risk factors in heavy metals-exposed and unexposed participants. As and Cd were detectable in 75.4% and 83% participants with mean concentration of 75.5 ppb and 54.5 ppb, respectively. For As exposure, OR in the third quartile was maximum ie 1.34 (95% CI, 0.80 to 2.23), however the result was not statistically significant (P > .05). For Cd exposure, OR in the fourth quartile was considerably high, 1.62 (95% CI, 1.00 to 2.61), with a significant probability value (P < .05). Urinary Cd was negatively associated with Zn. As and Cd exposure increases the incidence of DM in the general population. Impaired hormonal and enzymatic levels in diabetic and non-diabetic exposed participants reflect the multiple organ damage by heavy metal exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakil Saba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Kanwal Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Fareeha Fiayyaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Tanvir Ahmad
- Department of Statistics, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Buha A, Đukić-Ćosić D, Ćurčić M, Bulat Z, Antonijević B, Moulis JM, Goumenou M, Wallace D. Emerging Links between Cadmium Exposure and Insulin Resistance: Human, Animal, and Cell Study Data. TOXICS 2020; 8:E63. [PMID: 32867022 PMCID: PMC7560347 DOI: 10.3390/toxics8030063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent research has helped clarify the role of cadmium (Cd) in various pathological states. We have demonstrated Cd involvement in pancreatic cancer, as well as the bioaccumulation of Cd in the pancreas. Bioaccumulation and increased toxicity suggest that Cd may also be involved in other pancreas-mediated diseases, like diabetes. Cd falls into the category of "hyperglycemic" metals, i.e., metals that increase blood glucose levels, which could be due to increased gluconeogenesis, damage to β-cells leading to reduced insulin production, or insulin resistance at target tissue resulting in a lack of glucose uptake. This review addresses the current evidence for the role of Cd, leading to insulin resistance from human, animal, and in vitro studies. Available data have shown that Cd may affect normal insulin function through multiple pathways. There is evidence that Cd exposure results in the perturbation of the enzymes and modulatory proteins involved in insulin signal transduction at the target tissue and mutations of the insulin receptor. Cd, through well-described mechanisms of oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial damage, may also alter insulin production in β-cells. More work is necessary to elucidate the mechanisms associated with Cd-mediated insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Buha
- Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.Đ.-Ć.); (M.Ć.); (Z.B.); (B.A.)
| | - Danijela Đukić-Ćosić
- Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.Đ.-Ć.); (M.Ć.); (Z.B.); (B.A.)
| | - Marijana Ćurčić
- Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.Đ.-Ć.); (M.Ć.); (Z.B.); (B.A.)
| | - Zorica Bulat
- Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.Đ.-Ć.); (M.Ć.); (Z.B.); (B.A.)
| | - Biljana Antonijević
- Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.Đ.-Ć.); (M.Ć.); (Z.B.); (B.A.)
| | - Jean-Marc Moulis
- Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission—Fundamental Research Division—Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble (CEA-IRIG), University of Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France;
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), University of Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1055, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Marina Goumenou
- Centre of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medicine School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece;
- General Chemical State Laboratory of Greek Republic, 71202 Heraklion, Greece
| | - David Wallace
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK 74107, USA;
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Lifestyle-Related Exposure to Cadmium and Lead is Associated with Diabetic Kidney Disease. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9082432. [PMID: 32751456 PMCID: PMC7463543 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9082432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental factors contributing to diabetic kidney disease are incompletely understood. We investigated whether blood cadmium and lead concentrations were associated with the prevalence of diabetic kidney disease, and to what extent lifestyle-related exposures (diet and smoking) contribute to blood cadmium and lead concentrations. MATERIAL AND METHODS In a cross-sectional analysis in 231 patients with type 2 diabetes included in the DIAbetes and LifEstyle Cohort Twente (DIALECT-1), blood cadmium and lead concentrations were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The associations between diet (derived from food frequency questionnaire), smoking and cadmium and lead were determined using multivariate linear regression. The associations between cadmium and lead and diabetic kidney disease (albumin excretion >30 mg/24 h and/or creatinine clearance <60 mL/min/1.73 m2) were determined using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS Median blood concentrations were 2.94 nmol/L (interquartile range (IQR): 1.78-4.98 nmol/L) for cadmium and 0.07 µmol/L (IQR: 0.04-0.09 µmol/L) for lead, i.e., below acute toxicity values. Every doubling of lead concentration was associated with a 1.75 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11-2.74) times higher risk for albuminuria. In addition, both cadmium (odds ratio (OR) 1.50 95% CI: 1.02-2.21) and lead (OR 1.83 95% CI: 1.07-3.15) were associated with an increased risk for reduced creatinine clearance. Both passive smoking and active smoking were positively associated with cadmium concentration. Alcohol intake was positively associated with lead concentration. No positive associations were found between dietary intake and cadmium or lead. CONCLUSIONS The association between cadmium and lead and the prevalence of diabetic kidney disease suggests cadmium and lead might contribute to the development of diabetic kidney disease. Exposure to cadmium and lead could be a so far underappreciated nephrotoxic mechanism of smoking and alcohol consumption.
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12
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Madrigal JM, Ricardo AC, Persky V, Turyk M. Associations between blood cadmium concentration and kidney function in the U.S. population: Impact of sex, diabetes and hypertension. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 169:180-188. [PMID: 30466011 PMCID: PMC6347526 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to cadmium has been associated with nephropathy and implicated in the development of diabetes and hypertension. The role of environmental metal exposure may be an underexplored risk factor for decreased kidney function among people with diabetes and/or hypertension. The objective of this study was to examine the association of blood concentration of cadmium with kidney function parameters and evaluate sex, diabetes, and hypertension as effect modifiers of the association. METHODS This study used data from 12,577 adult participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2012 cycles. We used multivariable linear and logistic regression models to conduct a cross-sectional analysis of the association between cadmium exposure quartiles and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urine albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR), low eGFR (defined as eGFR <60 mL/minute/1.73 m2), and albuminuria (defined as UACR ≥ 30 mg/g). Models were adjusted for confounders and interaction terms were evaluated for cadmium concentration and sex, diabetes, and hypertension. Final models were stratified by sex and indices of existing diabetes and hypertension status. RESULTS The mean eGFR was 94.3 mL/minute/1.73 m2 (SD 21.5) and the geometric mean of UACR was 7.9 mg/g (95% CI 7.6-8.2 mg/g). Blood cadmium concentration was inversely associated with eGFR and positively associated with UACR. We found significant effect modification of the association of eGFR with cadmium, predominantly for sex and hypertension. The strength of the association between cadmium quartiles and eGFR was more pronounced among females compared to males. Among females with hypertension and diabetes, eGFR was lower on average by 4.9 mL/minute/1.73 m2 (95% CI -10.1 to 0.29) in the highest versus lowest cadmium quartile, and in females with hypertension alone, eGFR was lower on average by 5.8 mL/minute/1.73 m2 (95% CI -8.2 to -3.3) in the highest versus lowest cadmium quartile. Among those in the highest exposure quartile, higher mean UACR was observed among participants with hypertension compared to those without. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm that cadmium exposure is associated with decreased glomerular filtration and increased urine protein excretion, and provide evidence that the magnitude of these associations differ by sex and may vary based on preexisting diabetes and hypertension. Future prospective sex-specific investigations are necessary to address concerns of reverse causality and efforts should be made to reduce smoking and environmental contamination from cadmium to protect human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Madrigal
- Division of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1603 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612, United States.
| | - Ana C Ricardo
- Division of Nephrology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 808 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Victoria Persky
- Division of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1603 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Mary Turyk
- Division of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1603 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
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