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Mao F, Gong J, Wu B. Public Opinion Through Art: Exploring Chinese University Students' Perspectives on COVID-19 Mass Nucleic Acid Testing. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2024:10497323241233438. [PMID: 38477095 DOI: 10.1177/10497323241233438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
In the context of the global COVID-19 pandemic, this study focuses on Chinese university students, employing graphic elicitation as a qualitative research method to analyze their hand-drawn paintings and related descriptions. Augmented by A/r/tography and metacognitive methods, the research aims to unveil the participants' collective memory, as well as the perspectives and responses of these students to policies related to the pandemic. By specifically examining this particular demographic, the study incorporates Fairclough's ethical theory, applying deontological ethics, consequentialist ethics, and virtue ethics to establish a comprehensive framework for evaluating adjustments to pandemic response policies. This research not only enhances our understanding of how these university students perceive and adapt to COVID-19 policies but also provides valuable insights for decision-makers. The particular methodology, combining graphic elicitation and metacognitive research, contributes to policy assessment and ethical analysis, offering a nuanced perspective on the interplay between individual perceptions, policy responses, and ethical considerations amid the complexities of a public health crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Mao
- School of Languages, Shanghai University of International Business and Economics, Shanghai, China
- China Center for Language Planning and Policy Studies, Institute of Linguistics, Shanghai International Studies University, State Language Commission of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Gong
- School of Languages, Shanghai University of International Business and Economics, Shanghai, China
| | - Biyu Wu
- School of Foreign Languages, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Wu F, Yuan Y, Li Y, Yin D, Lang B, Zhao Y, Fan X, Zou H, Zhang C, Zeng X, Sun C. The acceptance of SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen self-testing: A cross-sectional study in China. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28227. [PMID: 36241424 PMCID: PMC9874789 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Compared with the nucleic acid amplification test (NATT), the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) rapid antigen self-testing (RAST) has advantages in speed and convenience. However, little is known about people's acceptance and influencing factors for SARS-CoV-2 RAST. A cross-sectional study was conducted from April 21 to 30, 2022 in China. The χ2 test and multivariate logistic regressions were used to identify the influencing factors. The structural equation model was used to test the extended protective motivation theory (PMT) model hypotheses. Among the total of 5107 participants, 62.5% were willing to accept the SARS-CoV-2 RAST. There were significant differences in acceptance among different residences (p < 0.001), educational level (p < 0.001), occupation (p < 0.001), monthly income (p < 0.001), travel frequency (p < 0.05), and feelings about NATT (p < 0.001). Response efficacy (β = 0.05; p = 0.025) and self-efficacy (β = 0.84; p < 0.001) had a positive effect, while response cost showed a negative effect (β = -0.07; p < 0.001). The public's major concerns about SARS-CoV-2 RAST are its reliability, testing method, price, and authority. Overall, a moderate intention to use SARS-CoV-2 RAST was found among the Chinese population. The extended PMT can be used for the prediction of intention to accept the RAST. We need to take measures to increase people's acceptance of SARS-CoV-2 RAST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen)Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Yue Yuan
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen)Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Yanjun Li
- Foshan Center for Disease Control and PreventionFoshanChina
| | - Di Yin
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen)Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Bing Lang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen)Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Yangguo Zhao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen)Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Xueying Fan
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen)Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Huachun Zou
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen)Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Chunhuan Zhang
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and PreventionGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiangyue Zeng
- Guangzhou Liwan District Center for Disease Control and PreventionGuangzhouChina
| | - Caijun Sun
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen)Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenChina,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat‐sen University), Ministry of EducationGuangzhouChina
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Jairoun AA, Al-Hemyari SS, Abdulla NM, Al Ani M, Habeb M, Shahwan M, Jaber AAS, El-Dahiyat F, Jairoun M. Knowledge about, acceptance of and willingness to use over-the-counter COVID-19 self-testing kits. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/jphsr/rmac037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Early investments in new diagnostic technologies that allow for rapid and decentralized testing were critical in reducing SARS-CoV-2’s detrimental health and economic effects. This study evaluates public knowledge about, acceptance of and willingness to use COVID-19 self-testing kits.
Methods
An online descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire was used in this study. The final study population included all contacted national and resident adults, age 18 and over, who were willing to engage in the study. The survey was divided according to participants’ demographic information and 11 questions assessed the respondents’ understanding of and willingness to use COVID-19 self-testing kits. The statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS version 24. Multivariate linear regression models were used to identify the factors influencing respondents’ knowledge of and attitudes toward the acceptability of self-testing kits for COVID-19 and their willingness to use these kits.
Key findings
A total of 876 respondents participated in the study and completed the whole questionnaire. The average knowledge score on the acceptability of and willingness to use self-testing kits for COVID-19 was 70.2%, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) [69.1%, 71.4%]. Participants who were postgraduate, female and vaccinated against COVID-19, as well as employees and older participants, were jointly highly associated with higher levels of knowledge about, acceptance of and willingness to use self-testing kits for COVID-19. Moreover, participants who had been infected with COVID-19, were vaccinated against COVID-19 or were female, employees, older, Western or Arabic were jointly highly associated with positive attitudes about the acceptability of and willingness to use self-testing kits for COVID-19.
Conclusions
The majority of the respondents have acceptable levels of knowledge about, acceptance of and willingness to use self-testing kits for COVID-19. Nonetheless, future studies should consider the issues of pre- and post-test counselling, false negative results and the sale of unregulated testing kits. Additional information should be communicated so that people can make informed decisions and be protected from possible abuse of COVID-19 self-testing kits when they become available in pharmacies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Abdulrahman Jairoun
- Health and Safety Department, Dubai Municipality , Dubai , UAE
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) , Pulau Pinang , Malaysia
| | - Sabaa Saleh Al-Hemyari
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) , Pulau Pinang , Malaysia
- Pharmacy Department, Emirates Health Services , Dubai , UAE
| | - Naseem Mohammed Abdulla
- Health and Safety Department, Dubai Municipality , Dubai , UAE
- School of Health and Environmental Studies, Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University (HBMSU) , Dubai , UAE
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Canadian University Dubai , Dubai , UAE
| | - Mena Al Ani
- Developmental Biology & Cancer Department, University College London, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health , London , UK
| | - Mustafa Habeb
- Edgware Community Hospital Barnet, Enfield and Haringey Mental Health NHS Trust , London , UK
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- College of Pharmacy and Health Science, Ajman University , Ajman , UAE
- Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University , Ajman , UAE
| | - Ammar Ali Saleh Jaber
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacotherapeutics, Dubai Pharmacy College for Girls , Al Muhaisanah 1, Al mizhar Dubai , UAE
| | - Faris El-Dahiyat
- Clinical Pharmacy Program, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University , Al Ain , UAE
- AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University , Abu Dhabi , UAE
| | - Maimona Jairoun
- College of Pharmacy and Health Science, Ajman University , Ajman , UAE
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Zhang Y, Liu T, He Z, Chan SN, Akinwunmi B, Huang J, Wong TH, Zhang CJP, Ming WK. The Preferences for Attributes of Initial COVID-19 Diagnosis in the US and China during the Pandemic: A Discrete Choice Experiment with Propensity Score Matching. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2022; 8:e37422. [PMID: 35759683 PMCID: PMC9384860 DOI: 10.2196/37422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background China and the United States play critical leading roles in the global effort to contain the COVID-19 virus. Therefore, their population’s preferences for initial diagnosis were compared to provide policy and clinical insights. Objective We aim to quantify and compare the public’s preferences for medical management of fever and the attributes of initial diagnosis in the case of presenting symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in China and the United States. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study from January to March 2021 in China and the United States using an online discrete choice experiment (DCE) questionnaire distributed through Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk; in the United States) and recruited volunteers (in China). Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to match the 2 groups of respondents from China and the United States to minimize confounding effects. In addition, the respondents’ preferences for different diagnosis options were evaluated using a mixed logit model (MXL) and latent class models (LCMs). Moreover, demographic data were collected and compared using the chi-square test, Fisher test, and Mann-Whitney U test. Results A total of 9112 respondents (5411, 59.4%, from China and 3701, 40.6%, from the United States) who completed our survey were included in our analysis. After PSM, 1240 (22.9%) respondents from China and 1240 (33.5%) from the United States were matched for sex, age, educational level, occupation, and annual salary levels. The segmented sizes of 3 classes of respondents from China were 870 (70.2%), 270 (21.8%), and 100 (8.0%), respectively. Meanwhile, the US respondents’ segmented sizes were 269 (21.7%), 139 (11.2%), and 832 (67.1%), respectively. Respondents from China attached the greatest importance to the type of medical institution (weighted importance=40.0%), while those from the United States valued the waiting time (weighted importance=31.5%) the most. Respondents from China preferred the emergency department (coefficient=0.973, reference level: online consultation) and fever clinic (a special clinic for the treatment of fever patients for the prevention and control of acute infectious diseases in China; coefficient=0.974, reference level: online consultation), while those from the United States preferred private clinics (general practices; coefficient=0.543, reference level: online consultation). Additionally, shorter waiting times, COVID-19 nucleic acid testing arrangements, higher reimbursement rates, and lower costs were always preferred. Conclusions Improvements in the availability of COVID-19 testing and medical professional skills and increased designated health care facilities may help boost potential health care seeking during COVID-19 and prevent unrecognized community spreading of SARS-CoV-2 in China and the United States. Moreover, to better prevent future waves of pandemics, identify undiagnosed patients, and encourage those undiagnosed to seek health care services to curb the pandemic, the hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system needs improvement in China, and the United States should focus on reducing diagnosis costs and raising the reimbursement rate of medical insurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Zhang
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, CN
| | - Taoran Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, City University of Hong Kong, Room 1A-503, 5/F, Block 1, To Yuen Building, 31 To Yuen Street, Hong Kong, HK
| | - Zonglin He
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, HK
| | - Sze Ngai Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, CN
| | - Babatunde Akinwunmi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston, Boston, US.,Center for Genomic Medicine (CGM), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School Harvard University, Boston, US
| | - Jian Huang
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, SG
| | - Tak-Hap Wong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The first Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, CN
| | - Casper J P Zhang
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, HK
| | - Wai-Kit Ming
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, City University of Hong Kong, Room 1A-503, 5/F, Block 1, To Yuen Building, 31 To Yuen Street, Hong Kong, HK
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Embrett M, Sim SM, Caldwell HAT, Boulos L, Yu Z, Agarwal G, Cooper R, AJ AJG, Bielska IA, Chishtie J, Stone K, Curran J, Tricco A. Barriers to and strategies to address COVID-19 testing hesitancy: a rapid scoping review. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:750. [PMID: 35422031 PMCID: PMC9008387 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13127-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Testing is a foundational component of any COVID-19 management strategy; however, emerging evidence suggests that barriers and hesitancy to COVID-19 testing may affect uptake or participation and often these are multiple and intersecting factors that may vary across population groups. To this end, Health Canada’s COVID-19 Testing and Screening Expert Advisory Panel commissioned this rapid review in January 2021 to explore the available evidence in this area. The aim of this rapid review was to identify barriers to COVID-19 testing and strategies used to mitigate these barriers.
Methods
Searches (completed January 8, 2021) were conducted in MEDLINE, Scopus, medRxiv/bioRxiv, Cochrane and online grey literature sources to identify publications that described barriers and strategies related to COVID-19 testing.
Results
From 1294 academic and 97 grey literature search results, 31 academic and 31 grey literature sources were included. Data were extracted from the relevant papers. The most cited barriers were cost of testing; low health literacy; low trust in the healthcare system; availability and accessibility of testing sites; and stigma and consequences of testing positive. Strategies to mitigate barriers to COVID-19 testing included: free testing; promoting awareness of importance to testing; presenting various testing options and types of testing centres (i.e., drive-thru, walk-up, home testing); providing transportation to testing centres; and offering support for self-isolation (e.g., salary support or housing).
Conclusion
Various barriers to COVID-19 testing and strategies for mitigating these barriers were identified. Further research to test the efficacy of these strategies is needed to better support testing for COVID-19 by addressing testing hesitancy as part of the broader COVID-19 public health response.
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Kaine G, Greenhalgh S, Wright V. Compliance with Covid-19 measures: Evidence from New Zealand. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263376. [PMID: 35139139 PMCID: PMC8827475 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Governments around the world are seeking to slow the spread of Covid-19 by implementing measures that encourage, or mandate, changes in people’s behaviour. These changes include the wearing of face masks, social distancing, and testing and self-isolating when unwell. The success of these measures depends on the commitment of individuals to change their behaviour accordingly. Understanding and predicting the motivation of individuals to change their behaviour is therefore critical in assessing the likely effectiveness of these measures in slowing the spread of the virus. In this paper we draw on a novel framework, the I3 Compliance Response Framework, to understand and predict the motivation of residents in Auckland, New Zealand, to comply with measures to prevent the spread of Covid-19. The Framework is based on two concepts. The first uses the involvement construct to predict the motivation of individuals to comply. The second separates the influence of the policy measure from the influence of the policy outcome on the motivation of individuals to comply. In short, the Framework differentiates between the strength of individuals’ motivation and their beliefs about the advantages and disadvantages of policy outcomes and policy measures. We found this differentiation was useful in predicting an individual’s possible behavioural responses to a measure and discuss how it could assist government agencies to develop strategies to enhance compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoff Kaine
- Landscape, Policy & Governance, Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, Hamilton, New Zealand
- * E-mail:
| | - Suzie Greenhalgh
- Society, Culture & Policy, Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Vic Wright
- Faculty of Science, Agriculture, Business and Law, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
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Lee SM, Meyler P, Mozel M, Choi J, Tauh T. Provider attitudes and satisfaction with rapid preoperative point-of-care COVID-19 testing using ID NOW™. Can J Anaesth 2021; 68:1659-1667. [PMID: 34292525 PMCID: PMC8296831 DOI: 10.1007/s12630-021-02073-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Healthcare workers have experienced high levels of anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly when caring for patients with unknown infection status. We trialled rapid preoperative point-of-care COVID-19 testing using the Abbott ID NOW™ COVID-19 for clinical validation in an urgent surgical population at a single centre in British Columbia, Canada. Here, we sought to determine the opinions and beliefs of operating room (OR) staff on the usefulness and effectiveness of point-of-care tests on workflow and wellbeing in the OR. METHODS This descriptive study used a mixed-methods cross-sectional survey of all OR staff (nurses, anesthesiologists, surgeons, and ancillary staff) at a single centre after using the ID NOW for three months. Outcomes of interest included healthcare worker satisfaction with the ID NOW, effects on OR workflow, and worries about COVID-19 transmission. RESULTS The overall response rate was 56% (n = 133), and was highest among anesthesiologists (100%, n = 38). Respondents were satisfied with the performance of the ID NOW for rapid COVID-19 testing in preoperative patients, giving it a mean (standard deviation [SD]) rate of 4.4 [1.4] on a five-point scale. Most (115/128, 90%) recommended continued use of the ID NOW on asymptomatic patients while there are active cases of COVID-19 in the community. Respondents felt that preoperative COVID-19 testing with the ID NOW made the OR safer for staff (mean [SD] rate, 4.2 [0.8]) and patients (mean [SD] rate, 4.0 [0.9]). CONCLUSION During the COVID-19 pandemic, it is important to maintain the physical and mental wellbeing of hospital staff. Rapid point-of-care testing increased the sense of workplace safety, improved morale, and reduced worry associated with COVID-19 without excessive disruption of OR workflow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Lee
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, 330 E Columbia St, New Westminster, BC, V3L 3W7, Canada.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Paula Meyler
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, 330 E Columbia St, New Westminster, BC, V3L 3W7, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michelle Mozel
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, 330 E Columbia St, New Westminster, BC, V3L 3W7, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jonathan Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tonia Tauh
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, 330 E Columbia St, New Westminster, BC, V3L 3W7, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Bevan I, Stage Baxter M, Stagg HR, Street A. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior Related to COVID-19 Testing: A Rapid Scoping Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:1685. [PMID: 34574026 PMCID: PMC8472251 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11091685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Testing programs for COVID-19 depend on the voluntary actions of members of the public for their success. Understanding people's knowledge, attitudes, and behavior related to COVID-19 testing is, therefore, key to the design of effective testing programs worldwide. This paper reports on the findings of a rapid scoping review to map the extent, characteristics, and scope of social science research on COVID-19 testing and identifies key themes from the literature. Main findings include the discoveries that people are largely accepting of testing technologies and guidelines and that a sense of social solidarity is a key motivator of testing uptake. The main barriers to accessing and undertaking testing include uncertainty about eligibility and how to access tests, difficulty interpreting symptoms, logistical issues including transport to and from test sites and the discomfort of sample extraction, and concerns about the consequences of a positive result. The review found that existing research was limited in depth and scope. More research employing longitudinal and qualitative methods based in under-resourced settings and examining intersections between testing and experiences of social, political, and economic vulnerability is needed. Last, the findings of this review suggest that testing should be understood as a social process that is inseparable from processes of contact tracing and isolation and is embedded in people's everyday routines, livelihoods and relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imogen Bevan
- School of Social and Political Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9LD, UK;
| | - Mats Stage Baxter
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK; (M.S.B.); (H.R.S.)
| | - Helen R. Stagg
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK; (M.S.B.); (H.R.S.)
| | - Alice Street
- School of Social and Political Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9LD, UK;
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