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Manskow US, Sagelv EH, Antypas K, Zanaboni P. Adoption, acceptability and sustained use of digital interventions to promote physical activity among inactive adults: a mixed-method study. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1297844. [PMID: 38239801 PMCID: PMC10794730 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1297844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Despite the positive effects of physical activity (PA) to prevent lifestyle diseases and improve health and well-being, only one-third of Norwegian adults meet the minimum recommendations on PA. Digital interventions to promote PA in inactive adults may improve health and well-being by being available, personalized and adequate. Knowledge on users' adoption, acceptability and sustainability of digital interventions to promote PA is still limited. Objective To investigate the adoption, acceptability and sustained use of three digital interventions for promoting PA among inactive adults. Design A randomized control trial (ONWARDS) with 183 participants assigned to 3 groups and followed up for 18 months. All participants received a wearable activity tracker with the personalized metric Personal Activity Intelligence (PAI) on a mobile app, two groups received additional access to online training and one group had also access to online social support. Methods A mixed-methods approach was used to address the study objective. Acceptability was evaluated through the System Usability Scale (SUS) (n = 134) at 6 months. Adoption and sustained use were evaluated through a set of questions administered at 12 months (n = 109). Individual interviews were performed at 6 months with a sample of participants (n = 18). Quantitative data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, whereas qualitative data were analyzed using the Framework approach. Results PAI was the most successful intervention, with satisfactory usability and positive effects on motivation and behavior change, contributing to high adoption and sustained use. Online social support had a high acceptability and sustained use, but the intervention was not perceived as motivational to increase PA. Online training had low adoption, usability and sustained use. The qualitative interviews identified five main themes: (1) overall approach to physical activity, (2) motivation, (3) barriers to perform PA, (4) effects of PA, and (5) usability and acceptability of the digital interventions. Conclusion Personalized digital interventions integrating behavior change techniques such as individual feedback and goal setting are more likely to increase acceptability, adoption and sustained use. Future studies should investigate which digital interventions or combinations of different interventions are more successful in promoting PA among inactive adults according to the characteristics and preferences of the users. Trial registration Clinical trial registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04526444.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unn S. Manskow
- Norwegian Centre for E-Health Research, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Health and Care Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, The Arctic University of Norway UiT, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Edvard H. Sagelv
- Norwegian Centre for E-Health Research, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- School of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Konstantinos Antypas
- Norwegian Centre for E-Health Research, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- SINTEF Digital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Paolo Zanaboni
- Norwegian Centre for E-Health Research, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Lin YC, Lin CY, Saffari M, Tsai MC, Chang YH, Strong C, Chen JK, Hsieh YP, Yang YN, Latner JD. Weight stigma is associated with body mass index among college students in Taiwan: the mediated role of internalized weight stigma. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:365. [PMID: 37915074 PMCID: PMC10621093 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01414-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weight stigma is an issue often studied in Western countries; however, such information is scarce in Asian studies. METHODS This study aimed to examine the role of internalized weight stigma as a mediator in the relationship between perceived weight stigma and changes in body mass index (BMI). The data were collected through a longitudinal online survey with two phases (n = 974; Phase 1: August and September 2021; Phase 2: November and December 2021). The Perceived Weight Stigma Scale (PWSS), Weight Self-Stigma Questionnaire (WSSQ), and Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale - 21 (DASS-21) were administered to assess perceived weight stigma, internalized weight stigma, and psychological distress. Hierarchical regressions were used to examine the proposed model, and Hayes' Process Macro was used to test a mediation model. RESULTS The changes in perceived weight stigma and internalized weight stigma were significantly and positively associated with changes in BMI. There were significant and positive associations between perceived weight stigma, internalized weight stigma and psychological distress over time. Change in internalized weight stigma was found to be a significant mediator in the association of change in perceived weight stigma with change in BMI for the entire sample (unstandardized coefficient = 0.04; 95% CI = 0.02, 0.06), female subgroup (unstandardized coefficient = 0.05; 95% CI = 0.02, 0.08), and male subgroup (unstandardized coefficient = 0.03; 95% CI = 0.01, 0.06). Change in perceived weight stigma also had significant effects on change in BMI for the entire sample and the female subgroup, but not for the male subgroup. CONCLUSION Because perceived weight stigma may significantly impact changes in BMI through internalized weight stigma, treatment strategies to ameliorate self-stigma may enhance the results of weight-reduction programs. Such treatment strategies should be considered for inclusion in weight-loss interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ching Lin
- Department of Early Childhood and Family Education, National Taipei University of Education, Taipei, 106320, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Rd, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
- University of Religions and Denominations, Qom, Iran.
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
- Biostatistics Consulting Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Mohsen Saffari
- Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Health Education Department, Faculty of Health, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meng-Che Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Humanities and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hsuan Chang
- Institute of Gerontology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Psychology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Carol Strong
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Kang Chen
- Department of Social Work, Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi-Ping Hsieh
- Department of Social Work, College of Nursing and Professional Disciplines, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Yung-Ning Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Janet D Latner
- Department of Psychology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
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Association between Normal Weight Obesity and Skeletal Muscle Mass Index in Female University Students with Past Exercise Habituation. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2022; 7:jfmk7040092. [PMID: 36278753 PMCID: PMC9624337 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk7040092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the relationship between normal weight obesity (NW-O) and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) in 120 female university students who participated in sporting activities during junior and senior high school. The current physical activity level (PAL) was estimated by a factorial method using 24-h physical activity recall. The body mass index (BMI) of the participants ranged from 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2; their body fat (BF) was classified as NW-O if above the 75th percentile (28.9% BF), normal weight and lean (NW-L) if below the 25th percentile value (21.0%BF), and all others were normal weight (NW). PAL was significantly lower in NW-O than in NW-L. SMI was significantly lower in NW-O than in NW and NW-L, and 60% of NW-O had Low-SMI (<6.3 kg/m2). Although lower limb muscle mass was significantly lower in NW-O than in NW and NW-L, no significant differences were found in the upper limbs. These results suggest that the current PAL is associated with NW-O, and NW-O is associated with a lower SMI, even in young females with past exercise habits. Therefore, the prevention of NW-O in young females is important for the prevention of not only lifestyle-related diseases, but also future sarcopenia.
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Lockdowns and Physical Activities: Sports in the Time of COVID. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19042175. [PMID: 35206369 PMCID: PMC8872075 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
As aging causes challenges in several countries globally, more and more people are suffering from bad health conditions. Nowadays, COVID-19 causes many problems—and one of the root causes of these problems is the isolation of people from each other. The aim of our article is to investigate the effects of COVID-19 on people’s physical activity. Physical activity is strongly correlated with health status and health preservation is very important to minimize the negative effects of the pandemic. In order to investigate this topic, we prepared an extended literature review, citing the most important sources of COVID-related health-preservation issues. Our results showed that the negative economic effects of the coronavirus pandemic have caused a decrease in physical activities in several cases. A reduction in possible physical activities has a potential negative effect on the life expectancies of elderly people. In order to underline the importance of physical activities, we prepared an extended literature review, aiming to summarize the available knowledge related to COVID-19. As a conclusion we recommend to strengthen, maintain, and develop available sporting possibilities for people. The most important of these recommendations is the development of physical activities that are available for free.
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Jiang W, Luo J, Guan H. Gender Difference in the Relationship of Physical Activity and Subjective Happiness Among Chinese University Students. Front Psychol 2021; 12:800515. [PMID: 34950093 PMCID: PMC8688753 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.800515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Gender makes a difference in health and physical activity (PA). This research aimed to identify the gender difference in the relationship of PA and subjective happiness among Chinese university students. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Shanghai Jiao Tong University from July 7 to 17 in 2021, using an anonymous online self-report questionnaire. The questionnaire included the Chinese version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS), the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21(DASS-21). The demographic and health-related factors were also reported. Linear regression was carried out to identify the relationship of PA and subjective happiness. Findings: In total, 1,512 students (1,108 males and 404 females) from three comprehensive schools completed the survey. The SHS score was 17.20 ± 3.44, and it was 17.00 ± 3.23 in males, and 17.75 ± 3.93 in females, respectively (p < 0.001). There was no gender difference in vigorous, moderate PA, or walk min/week, while female students had longer sedentary behavior hours/day than males. Male students scored higher in each subscale of DASS-21. After controlling for confounders, vigorous PA min/week (β = 0.002, p = 0.002) and sedentary behavior hours/day (β = 0.168, p = 0.005) were significantly positively associated with happiness in male students. In contrast, walk min/week (2= 0.002, p = 0.005) was significantly positively associated with happiness in female students. Interpretation: This research demonstrated a significant gender difference in the association between PA and happiness. Policymakers and college management should pay more attention to PA programs to promote students’ happiness and mental health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenning Jiang
- Antai College of Economics and Management, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Luo
- School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Healthy Yangtze River Delta, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hannan Guan
- School of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Education Information Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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