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Crystal YO, Luo YL, Duangthip D, Tantawi ME, Benzian H, Schroth RJ, Feldens CA, Virtanen JI, Al-Batayneh OB, Diaz ACM, Vukovic A, Pavlic V, Mfolo T, Daryanavard HA, Gaffar BO, Shamala A, Foláyan MO. A scoping review of the links between early childhood caries and clean water and sanitation: the Sustainable Development Goal 6. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:769. [PMID: 38982426 PMCID: PMC11234638 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04535-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The United Nation's Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6 calls for universal access to clean water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH), which are crucial elements of health and well-being and fundamental for a life in dignity. Early childhood caries (ECC) is a preventable disease affecting health and quality of life of millions of young children worldwide. This scoping review aims to explore the connection between ECC and access to clean water and sanitation. METHODS This scoping review, registered on the Open Science Framework and following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, conducted a thorough search in databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Google Scholar, SciELO) and websites (via Google) in November 2023. The search, without date limitations, targeted studies in English and Spanish linking ECC to SDG6. Exclusions were made for studies solely focusing on ECC without a direct connection to clean water and sanitation. Descriptive statistics summarized the retrieved papers. RESULTS The initial search yielded 303 articles. After removing duplicates, 264 articles remained for title and abstract screening after which 244 were excluded and one report was added through citation searching. The 21 remaining articles underwent full text review. There were no studies on a direct association between access to clean water and sanitation and the prevalence of ECC. There were nine studies that showed indirect associations between ECC and access to clean water and sanitation through the links of: water and sanitation access as a marker for poverty (n = 1), water consumption as a feeding practice (n = 4), and the effectiveness of water fluoridation (n = 4). These were used to develop a conceptual model. CONCLUSIONS While it is conceivable that a direct link exists between ECC and access to clean water and sanitation, the available body of research only offers evidence of indirect associations. The exploration of potential pathways connecting water access to ECC warrants further investigation in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmi O Crystal
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada.
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, New York University, 234 24th Street, New York, NY, 10010, USA.
| | - Yuanyuan Laura Luo
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, New York University, 234 24th Street, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Duangporn Duangthip
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Habib Benzian
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Promotion and WHO Collaborating Center Quality Improvement & Evidence-Based Dentistry, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
- Stellenbosch Institute of Advanced Study, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Robert J Schroth
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, Departments of Pediatrics and Child Health and Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Carlos Alberto Feldens
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Universidade Luterana Do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ola B Al-Batayneh
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Orthodontics, Pediatric and Community Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Aida Carolina Medina Diaz
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics Department, Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics Department, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Centro Medico Docente, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Ana Vukovic
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Clinic for Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Verica Pavlic
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Medical Faculty University of Banja Luka, 78000, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Tshepiso Mfolo
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Hamideh A Daryanavard
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Dental Department, Dubai Health, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Balgis O Gaffar
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry - Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Shamala
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Preventive and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Science & Technology, Aden, Yemen
| | - Morẹ́nikẹ́ Oluwátóyìn Foláyan
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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Gaffan N, Kpozehouen A, Degbey C, Ahanhanzo YG, Paraïso MN. Understanding Households' Willingness to Pay for Improved Sanitation Services in Benin: A Study Protocol. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INSIGHTS 2024; 18:11786302241228954. [PMID: 38323117 PMCID: PMC10846040 DOI: 10.1177/11786302241228954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Nowadays, in Benin, latrine construction by households highly depends on their financial contributions. However, empirical evidence shows that many households are unwilling to invest in adequate sanitation services. The study aims to determine the household's willingness to pay for improved sanitation services and the associated factors. The study population will include households lacking unimproved sanitation facilities. The household heads will be eligible for survey participation. We will perform a contingent valuation to determine households' willingness to pay for a Ventilated Improved Pit (VIP) latrine. Following a description of the surveyed population, we will assess willingness to pay using the 'doubleb' command in Stata. Subsequently, we will conduct multivariate logistic regression to determine the factors associated with willingness to pay. The expected results will be: a description of the basic characteristics of households without improved sanitation services, an estimation of household willingness to pay for VIP latrines using the contingent valuation, and factors associated with household willingness to pay for VIP latrines. This study will contribute to the literature on household demand for improved sanitation services in Benin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Gaffan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Regional Institute of Public Health, University of Abomey-Calavi, Ouidah, Benin
| | - Alphonse Kpozehouen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Regional Institute of Public Health, University of Abomey-Calavi, Ouidah, Benin
| | - Cyriaque Degbey
- Department of Environmental Health, Regional Institute of Public Health, University of Abomey-Calavi, Ouidah, Benin
| | - Yolaine Glele Ahanhanzo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Regional Institute of Public Health, University of Abomey-Calavi, Ouidah, Benin
| | - Moussiliou Noël Paraïso
- Department of Health Promotion, Regional Institute of Public Health, University of Abomey-Calavi, Ouidah, Benin
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