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Siebald B, Groll AH, Salou S, Boldt A, Seiffert S, Sack U, Reemtsma J, Jassoy C, Klusmann JH, Ciesek S, Hoehl S, Lehrnbecher T. Pediatric cancer patients vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2-a clinical and laboratory follow-up. Support Care Cancer 2024; 32:221. [PMID: 38467829 PMCID: PMC10927757 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08422-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 is recommended for cancer patients. However, long-term data on the effectiveness in the pediatric setting are lacking. METHODS Pediatric patients < 18 years on active treatment for cancer and without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection received three doses of an mRNA vaccine. The clinical course and humoral and cellular immunity were evaluated at the end of the follow-up period of ≥ 1 year after the third dose of vaccine. RESULTS SARS-CoV-2 infection occurred in 17 of 19 analyzed patients (median age 16.5 years) during the follow-up period (median 17 months), but no severe symptoms were seen. At ≥ 1 year after the last SARS-CoV-2 antigen exposure, 4 of 17 patients had received the recommended booster vaccine. At the end of the follow-up period, all evaluable 15 patients had anti-SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain IgG antibodies. Twelve of the 15 patients had neutralizing antibody titers ≥ 1:10 against the Delta variant and 12/15 and 13/15 against the BA.1 and BA.5 variants, respectively. Specific T cells against SARS-CoV-2 antigens were seen in 9/13 patients. CONCLUSIONS Most SARS-CoV-2-vaccinated pediatric cancer patients had SARS-CoV-2 infections and limited interest in booster vaccination. At 1 year after the last antigen exposure, which was mostly an infection, humoral immune responses remained strong. TRIAL REGISTRATION German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00025254, May 26, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Siebald
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Hemostaseology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas H Groll
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Infectious Disease Research Program, Center for Bone Marrow Transplantation, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Sarah Salou
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Boldt
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Clinical Immunology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sabine Seiffert
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Clinical Immunology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrich Sack
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Clinical Immunology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Judith Reemtsma
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Clinical Immunology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Jassoy
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jan-Henning Klusmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Hemostaseology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sandra Ciesek
- Institute of Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hoehl
- Institute of Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Thomas Lehrnbecher
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Hemostaseology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Ticinesi A, Parise A, Cerundolo N, Nouvenne A, Prati B, Chiussi G, Guerra A, Meschi T. Multimorbidity and Frailty Are the Key Characteristics of Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 Breakthrough Infection during Delta Variant Predominance in Italy: A Retrospective Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11185442. [PMID: 36143095 PMCID: PMC9503996 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11185442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of this study were to describe the characteristics of patients hospitalized with delta SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection, and to identify factors associated with pneumonia on chest Computed Tomography (CT) and mortality. The clinical records of 229 patients (105 F), with a median age of 81 (interquartile range, IQR, 73−88) years old, hospitalized between June and December 2021 after completion of the primary vaccination cycle, were retrospectively analyzed, retrieving data on comorbidities, Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), clinical presentation and outcomes. Multimorbidity (91.7% with ≥2 chronic illnesses) and frailty (61.6% with CFS ≥ 5) were highly prevalent. CFS (OR 0.678, 95% CI 0.573−0.803, p < 0.001) and hypertension were independently associated with interstitial pneumonia. Mortality was 25.1% and unrelated with age. PaO2/FiO2 on blood gas analysis performed upon admission (OR 0.986, 95% CI 0.977−0.996, p = 0.005), and CFS (OR 1.723, 95% CI 1.152−2.576, p = 0.008) were independently associated with mortality only in subjects < 85 years old. Conversely, serum PCT levels were associated with mortality in subjects ≥ 85 years old (OR 3.088, 95% CI 1.389−6.8628, p = 0.006). In conclusion, hospitalization for COVID-19 breakthrough infection mainly involved geriatric patients, with those aged ≥ 85 more characterized by decompensation of baseline comorbidities rather than typical COVID-19 respiratory symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ticinesi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Antonio Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
- Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Via Antonio Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Alberto Parise
- Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Via Antonio Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Cerundolo
- Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Via Antonio Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Antonio Nouvenne
- Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Via Antonio Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Beatrice Prati
- Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Via Antonio Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Giulia Chiussi
- Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Via Antonio Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Angela Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Antonio Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
- Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Via Antonio Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Tiziana Meschi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Antonio Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
- Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Via Antonio Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
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Wilhelm A, Widera M, Grikscheit K, Toptan T, Schenk B, Pallas C, Metzler M, Kohmer N, Hoehl S, Marschalek R, Herrmann E, Helfritz FA, Wolf T, Goetsch U, Ciesek S. Limited neutralisation of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants BA.1 and BA.2 by convalescent and vaccine serum and monoclonal antibodies. EBioMedicine 2022; 82:104158. [PMID: 35834885 DOI: 10.1101/2021.12.07.21267432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent months, Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2 have become dominant in many regions of the world, and case numbers with Omicron subvariants BA.1 and BA.2 continue to increase. Due to numerous mutations in the spike protein, the efficacy of currently available vaccines, which are based on Wuhan-Hu 1 isolate of SARS-CoV-2, is reduced, leading to breakthrough infections. Efficacy of monoclonal antibody therapy is also likely impaired. METHODS In our in vitro study using A549-AT cells constitutively expressing ACE2 and TMPRSS2, we determined and compared the neutralizing capacity of vaccine-elicited sera, convalescent sera and monoclonal antibodies against authentic SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 compared with Delta. FINDINGS Almost no neutralisation of Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 was observed using sera from individuals vaccinated with two doses 6 months earlier, regardless of the type of vaccine taken. Shortly after the booster dose, most sera from triple BNT162b2-vaccinated individuals were able to neutralise both Omicron variants. In line with waning antibody levels three months after the booster, only weak residual neutralisation was observed for BA.1 (26%, n = 34, 0 median NT50) and BA.2 (44%, n = 34, 0 median NT50). In addition, BA.1 but not BA.2 was resistant to the neutralising monoclonal antibodies casirivimab/imdevimab, while BA.2 exhibited almost a complete evasion from the neutralisation induced by sotrovimab. INTERPRETATION Both SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants BA.1 and BA.2 escape antibody-mediated neutralisation elicited by vaccination, previous infection with SARS-CoV-2, and monoclonal antibodies. Waning immunity renders the majority of tested sera obtained three months after booster vaccination negative in BA.1 and BA.2 neutralisation. Omicron subvariant specific resistance to the monoclonal antibodies casirivimab/imdevimab and sotrovimab emphasizes the importance of genotype-surveillance and guided application. FUNDING This study was supported in part by the Goethe-Corona-Fund of the Goethe University Frankfurt (M.W.) and the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (COVIDready; grant 02WRS1621C (M.W.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Wilhelm
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marek Widera
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Katharina Grikscheit
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Tuna Toptan
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Barbara Schenk
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christiane Pallas
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Melinda Metzler
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Niko Kohmer
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hoehl
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Rolf Marschalek
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Eva Herrmann
- Institute of Biostatistics and Mathematical Modelling, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Fabian A Helfritz
- Bürgerhospital Frankfurt, Nibelungenallee 37-41, 60318 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Timo Wolf
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Udo Goetsch
- Health Protection Authority of the City of Frankfurt am Main, 60313 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sandra Ciesek
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Frankfurt, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Branch Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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4
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Wilhelm A, Widera M, Grikscheit K, Toptan T, Schenk B, Pallas C, Metzler M, Kohmer N, Hoehl S, Marschalek R, Herrmann E, Helfritz FA, Wolf T, Goetsch U, Ciesek S. Limited neutralisation of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants BA.1 and BA.2 by convalescent and vaccine serum and monoclonal antibodies. EBioMedicine 2022; 82:104158. [PMID: 35834885 PMCID: PMC9271884 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent months, Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2 have become dominant in many regions of the world, and case numbers with Omicron subvariants BA.1 and BA.2 continue to increase. Due to numerous mutations in the spike protein, the efficacy of currently available vaccines, which are based on Wuhan-Hu 1 isolate of SARS-CoV-2, is reduced, leading to breakthrough infections. Efficacy of monoclonal antibody therapy is also likely impaired. METHODS In our in vitro study using A549-AT cells constitutively expressing ACE2 and TMPRSS2, we determined and compared the neutralizing capacity of vaccine-elicited sera, convalescent sera and monoclonal antibodies against authentic SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 compared with Delta. FINDINGS Almost no neutralisation of Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 was observed using sera from individuals vaccinated with two doses 6 months earlier, regardless of the type of vaccine taken. Shortly after the booster dose, most sera from triple BNT162b2-vaccinated individuals were able to neutralise both Omicron variants. In line with waning antibody levels three months after the booster, only weak residual neutralisation was observed for BA.1 (26%, n = 34, 0 median NT50) and BA.2 (44%, n = 34, 0 median NT50). In addition, BA.1 but not BA.2 was resistant to the neutralising monoclonal antibodies casirivimab/imdevimab, while BA.2 exhibited almost a complete evasion from the neutralisation induced by sotrovimab. INTERPRETATION Both SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants BA.1 and BA.2 escape antibody-mediated neutralisation elicited by vaccination, previous infection with SARS-CoV-2, and monoclonal antibodies. Waning immunity renders the majority of tested sera obtained three months after booster vaccination negative in BA.1 and BA.2 neutralisation. Omicron subvariant specific resistance to the monoclonal antibodies casirivimab/imdevimab and sotrovimab emphasizes the importance of genotype-surveillance and guided application. FUNDING This study was supported in part by the Goethe-Corona-Fund of the Goethe University Frankfurt (M.W.) and the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (COVIDready; grant 02WRS1621C (M.W.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Wilhelm
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marek Widera
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Katharina Grikscheit
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Tuna Toptan
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Barbara Schenk
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christiane Pallas
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Melinda Metzler
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Niko Kohmer
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hoehl
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Rolf Marschalek
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Eva Herrmann
- Institute of Biostatistics and Mathematical Modelling, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Fabian A Helfritz
- Bürgerhospital Frankfurt, Nibelungenallee 37-41, 60318 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Timo Wolf
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Udo Goetsch
- Health Protection Authority of the City of Frankfurt am Main, 60313 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sandra Ciesek
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Frankfurt, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Branch Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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5
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Grikscheit K, Rabenau HF, Ghodratian Z, Widera M, Wilhelm A, Toptan Grabmair T, Hoehl S, Layer E, Helfritz F, Ciesek S. Characterization of the Antibody and Interferon-Gamma Release Response after a Second COVID-19 Booster Vaccination. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10071163. [PMID: 35891326 PMCID: PMC9323888 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10071163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants prompted countries to call for accelerated booster vaccinations to limit disease and transmission. Here, we characterized correlates of protection over time after the second booster or after Omicron BA.1 infection comparing variants of concern (VOCs). Sera from subjects before and two and seven weeks after the second booster or after Omicron infection were examined for the level of Spike receptor-binding-domain (RBD)-specific antibodies. Furthermore, neutralizing antibodies (nABs) were characterized in in vitro neutralization assays comparing the variants of concern Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 against the ancestral strain B.1. Here, the second booster resulted in an increase in anti-RBD-IgG-antibodies, remaining nearly constant over time, accompanied by an increase in nABs against B.1 and the VOCs Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron BA.1 and BA.2. However, compared to B.1, the neutralizing capacity against the Omicron subvariants remained low and was limited after the second booster vaccination. This indicates that antibody-mediated protection against infection with this VOC is unlikely, as evidenced by the fact that three individuals of our study cohort became infected with Omicron BA.1 after the second booster. T cell activation was measured by interferon-gamma release assays in a subgroup of subjects and was increased in all subjects tested after the second booster vaccination, correlating with the amount of Spike-specific antibodies. In subjects with Omicron BA.1 breakthrough infection, a significant increase in nABs to all VOCs studied was observed independently of booster vaccinations. Taken together, our data indicate that a second booster or Omicron BA.1 infection mediate a substantial increase in anti-Spike IgG antibodies; however, infection with Omicron BA.1 induced a stronger increase in neutralizing antibodies against the different VOCs
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Grikscheit
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany; (K.G.); (H.F.R.); (Z.G.); (M.W.); (A.W.); (T.T.G.); (S.H.)
| | - Holger F. Rabenau
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany; (K.G.); (H.F.R.); (Z.G.); (M.W.); (A.W.); (T.T.G.); (S.H.)
| | - Zahra Ghodratian
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany; (K.G.); (H.F.R.); (Z.G.); (M.W.); (A.W.); (T.T.G.); (S.H.)
| | - Marek Widera
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany; (K.G.); (H.F.R.); (Z.G.); (M.W.); (A.W.); (T.T.G.); (S.H.)
| | - Alexander Wilhelm
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany; (K.G.); (H.F.R.); (Z.G.); (M.W.); (A.W.); (T.T.G.); (S.H.)
| | - Tuna Toptan Grabmair
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany; (K.G.); (H.F.R.); (Z.G.); (M.W.); (A.W.); (T.T.G.); (S.H.)
| | - Sebastian Hoehl
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany; (K.G.); (H.F.R.); (Z.G.); (M.W.); (A.W.); (T.T.G.); (S.H.)
| | - Emily Layer
- Health Protection Authority of the City of Frankfurt am Main, 60313 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | - Fabian Helfritz
- Bürgerhospital Frankfurt, Nibelungenallee 37-41, 60318 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | - Sandra Ciesek
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany; (K.G.); (H.F.R.); (Z.G.); (M.W.); (A.W.); (T.T.G.); (S.H.)
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Branch Translational Medicine and Pharmcology, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Matveeva O, Ershov A. Retrospective Cohort Study of the Effectiveness of the Sputnik V and EpiVacCorona Vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant in Moscow (June-July 2021). Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:984. [PMID: 35891148 PMCID: PMC9320764 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10070984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological effectiveness of the Sputnik V and EpiVacCorona vaccines against COVID-19. This work is a retrospective cohort study of COVID-19 patients. The cohort created by the Moscow Health Department included more than 300,000 infected people who sought medical care in June and July 2021. Analysis of data revealed a tendency for the increase in the Sputnik V vaccine effectiveness (VE) as the severity of the disease increased. Protection was the lowest for mild disease, and it was more pronounced for severe disease. We also observed a decrease in VE with increasing age. For the youngest group (18-50 years old), the estimated VE in preventing death in June 2021 was 95% (95% CI 64-100), and for the older group (50+ years old), it was 74% (95% CI 67-87). The estimated protection against a severe form of the disease in the 18-50-year-old group was above 81% (CI 95% 72-93), and in the 50+ years-old group, it was above 68% (CI 95% 65-82). According to our analysis, EpiVacCorona proved to be an ineffective vaccine and therefore cannot protect against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Matveeva
- Sendai Viralytics LLC, 23 Nylander Way, Acton, MA 01720, USA
| | - Alexander Ershov
- Medusa Project SIA, Krisjana Barona iela 5-2, LV-1050 Rīga, Latvia;
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