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Svetanoff WJ, Carter M, Diefenbach KA, Michalsky M, DaJusta D, Gong E, Lautz TB, Aldrink JH. Robotic-assisted Pediatric Thoracic and Abdominal Tumor Resection: An Initial Multi-center Review. J Pediatr Surg 2024; 59:1619-1625. [PMID: 38490885 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2024.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Robotic-assisted minimally invasive surgery (RA-MIS) for tumor resection is an emerging technology in the pediatric population with significant promise but unproven safety and feasibility. METHODS A multi-center retrospective review of patients ≤18 years undergoing RA-MIS tumor resection from December 2015-March 2023 was performed. Patient demographics, perioperative variables, and complication rates were analyzed. RESULTS Thirty-nine procedures were performed on 38 patients (17 thoracic, 22 abdominal); 37% female and 68% non-Hispanic White. Median age at surgery was 8.3 years (IQR 5.7, 15.7); the youngest was 1.7 years-old. Thoracic operations included resections of neuroblastic tumors (n = 16) and a single paraganglioma. The most common abdominal operations included resections of neuroblastic tumors (n = 5), pheochromocytomas (n = 3), and angiomyolipomas (n = 3). Six patients underwent retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) for paratesticular tumors. Median operating time for the cohort was 2:52 h (IQR 2:04, 4:31). Two thoracic cases required open conversion due to poor visualization and lack of working domain. All patients underwent complete tumor resection; one had tumor spillage from a positive margin (Wilms tumor). Median LOS was 1.5 days (IQR 1.1, 3.0). Postoperatively, one patient developed a chyle leak requiring interventional radiology drainage, but none required a return to the operating room. CONCLUSIONS Robotic-assisted surgery is safe and feasible for tumor resection in carefully selected pediatric patients, achieving complete resection with minimal morbidity and short LOS. Resection should be performed by those with robotic expertise for optimal outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV. TYPE OF STUDY Original Clinical Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Jo Svetanoff
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Michela Carter
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Karen A Diefenbach
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Marc Michalsky
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Daniel DaJusta
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Urology, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Edward Gong
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Timothy B Lautz
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jennifer H Aldrink
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Scoville SD, Bergus K, Diefenbach KA, Dajusta DG, Fuchs ME, Michalsky MP, Aldrink JH. Robotic-Assisted Surgery in Patients Less than 15 kg: A Single Center Review. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2024; 34:434-437. [PMID: 38294893 DOI: 10.1089/lap.2023.0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) is an increasingly utilized tool in children. However, utilization of RAS among infants and small children has not been well established. The purpose of this study was to review and characterize RAS procedures for children ≤15 kg. Methods: We performed a single institution retrospective descriptive analysis including all patients ≤15 kg undergoing RAS between January 2013 and July 2021. Data collection included procedure type, age, weight, gender, and surgical complications. Cases were further categorized according to surgical specialty: pediatric urology (PU), pediatric surgery (PS), and multiple specialties (MS). t-Tests were used for statistical analyses. Results: Since 2013, a total of 976 RAS were identified: 492 (50.4%) were performed by PU, 466 (47.8%) by PS, and 18 (1.8%) by MS. One hundred eighteen (12.1%) were performed on children ≤15 kg, consisting of 110 (93.2%) PU cases, 6 (5.1%) PS cases, and 2 (1.7%) MS cases. Procedures were significantly more common in the PU subgroup, mean of 12 cases/year, compared to PS subgroup, mean of 0.63 cases/year, (P < .01). The mean weight of PU patients (10.5 kg) was significantly less than PS patients (13.9 kg) (P < .01). Mean age was also significantly lower among PU patients (18.6 months) compared to PS (34.2 months) (P < .01). Conclusion: RAS among patients ≤15 kg is safe and feasible across pediatric surgical subspecialties. RAS was performed significantly more frequently by pediatric urologists in younger and smaller patients compared to pediatric surgeons. Further refinement of robotic technology and instrumentation should enhance the applicability of these procedures in this young group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven D Scoville
- Department of Surgery, Ohio State Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Divisions of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Katherine Bergus
- Department of Surgery, Ohio State Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Karen A Diefenbach
- Department of Surgery, Ohio State Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Divisions of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Daniel G Dajusta
- Divisions of Urology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Molly E Fuchs
- Divisions of Urology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Marc P Michalsky
- Department of Surgery, Ohio State Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Divisions of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jennifer H Aldrink
- Department of Surgery, Ohio State Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Divisions of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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3
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Chand G, Singh S, Dhiraaj S, Kumar B, Shetty A, Halemani K, Ghatak T. Perception of robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) among medical students: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Robot Surg 2024; 18:95. [PMID: 38413513 DOI: 10.1007/s11701-024-01847-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Robotic surgery, also known as robotic-assisted surgery (RAS), involves a camera and a small surgical instrument attached to a robotic arm. A trained surgeon operates the robot from a viewing screen while being in the same room. METHODOLOGY This review was prepared following Cochrane collaboration guidelines and reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. Two authors independently searched and appraised the studies published in PubMed, cumulative index to nursing and allied health literature (CINAHL), Embase, Clinical Key, and Google Scholar. Pooled data analyzed and reported in RevMan software version-5.4. RESULTS This systematic review and meta-analysis comprised 1400 medical students, from 8 studies. The participants' age ranged from 23 to 49 years. Similarly, the sample size ranged from 25 and 300. The pooled prevalence of the existing studies revealed that 29.8% of medical students, were favorable towards RAS. Effect size (ES), 95% confidence intervals (CI) and heterogeneity (I2) [ES = 29.8, 95% CI 16.4-43.2, I2 = 95.1%, P < 0.00]. About 40% of Australian medical students' positive opinion on RAS [ES = 40.4, 95% CI 25.7-55.2]. Similarly, 34.2% of students from Saudi Arabia [ES = 29.8, 95% CI 22.4-90.8, I2 = 99.3%, P < 0.00], 27.8% students from Canada [ES = 27.8, 95% CI 15.9-39.6], 24.8% from USA [ES = 24.8, 95% CI 6.9-42.7, I2 = 77.3%, P < 0.00] and 24% [ES = 24, 95% CI 18-30] from India favorable towards RAS. DISCUSSION Medical students from developed nations display favorable attitudes towards RAS. However, implementing of revised curriculum at the beginning of the graduation level sparks medical students' attitude towards robotic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyan Chand
- Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Suyash Singh
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli, India
| | - Sanjay Dhiraaj
- Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Basant Kumar
- Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Asha Shetty
- All India Institute of Medical Scieces, Bhubaneswar, India
| | | | - Tanmoy Ghatak
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli, India
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Chatterjee S, Das S, Ganguly K, Mandal D. Advancements in robotic surgery: innovations, challenges and future prospects. J Robot Surg 2024; 18:28. [PMID: 38231455 DOI: 10.1007/s11701-023-01801-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The use of robots has revolutionized healthcare, wherein further innovations have led to improved precision and accuracy. Conceived in the late 1960s, robot-assisted surgeries have evolved to become an integral part of various surgical specialties. Modern robotic surgical systems are equipped with highly dexterous arms and miniaturized instruments that reduce tremors and enable delicate maneuvers. Implementation of advanced materials and designs along with the integration of imaging and visualization technologies have enhanced surgical accuracy and made robots safer and more adaptable to various procedures. Further, the haptic feedback system allows surgeons to determine the consistency of the tissues they are operating upon, without physical contact, thereby preventing injuries due to the application of excess force. With the implementation of teleoperation, surgeons can now overcome geographical limitations and provide specialized healthcare remotely. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) aids in surgical decision-making by improving the recognition of minute and complex anatomical structures. All these advancements have led to faster recovery and fewer complications in patients. However, the substantial cost of robotic systems, their maintenance, the size of the systems and proper surgeon training pose major challenges. Nevertheless, with future advancements such as AI-driven automation, nanorobots, microscopic incision surgeries, semi-automated telerobotic systems, and the impact of 5G connectivity on remote surgery, the growth curve of robotic surgery points to innovation and stands as a testament to the persistent pursuit of progress in healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swastika Chatterjee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, JIS College of Engineering, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Karabi Ganguly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, JIS College of Engineering, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - Dibyendu Mandal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, JIS College of Engineering, Kalyani, West Bengal, India.
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Esposito C, Blanc T, Di Mento C, Ballouhey Q, Fourcade L, Mendoza-Sagaon M, Chiodi A, Cardone R, Escolino M. Robotic-assisted surgery for gynecological indications in children and adolescents: European multicenter report. J Robot Surg 2024; 18:20. [PMID: 38217834 PMCID: PMC10787885 DOI: 10.1007/s11701-023-01767-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) is increasingly adopted in the pediatric population. This retrospective multicenter study aimed to report application of RAS for gynecological indications in pediatric patients. The medical records of all girls with gynecological pathology, operated in 4 different institutions over a 3-year period, were retrospectively collected. Robot docking time, total operative time, length of stay (LOS), requirement time of pain medication, complication rate, conversion rate, and pathology were analyzed. Twenty-three girls, with median age of 12.3 years (range 0.6-17.8) and median weight of 47.2 kg (range 9-73), received the following RAS procedures: ovarian cystectomy for ovarian cyst/mass (n = 10), salpingo-oophorectomy for ovarian complex mass (n = 6), bilateral gonadectomy for Turner syndrome SRY + (n = 1), salpingectomy for fallopian tube lesion (n = 1), paratubal cyst excision (n = 1), Gartner cyst excision (n = 1), paravaginal ganglioneuroma resection (n = 1), fistula closure in urogenital sinus (n = 1), and vaginoplasty using ileal flap in cloaca malformation (n = 1). Median operative time was 144.9 min (range 64-360), and median docking time was 17.3 min (range 7-50). Conversion to open or laparoscopy was not necessary in any case. Median LOS was 2.1 days (range 1-7), and median analgesic requirement was 2.2 days (range 1-6). One patient (4.3%) needed redo-surgery for recurrent Gartner cyst (Clavien 3b). This preliminary experience showed that RAS is safe and feasible for surgical treatment of gynecological pathology in pediatric patients, although no conclusive data are available to confirm its superiority over traditional laparoscopy. Randomized, prospective, comparative studies are needed to identify the gold standard approach for such indication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciro Esposito
- Pediatric Surgery Division, Federico II University Hospital, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Thomas Blanc
- Pediatric Surgery Division, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Claudia Di Mento
- Pediatric Surgery Division, Federico II University Hospital, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Quentin Ballouhey
- Pediatric Surgery Division, University Hospital, CHU de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Laurent Fourcade
- Pediatric Surgery Division, University Hospital, CHU de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Mario Mendoza-Sagaon
- Pediatric Surgery Division, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Annalisa Chiodi
- Pediatric Surgery Division, Federico II University Hospital, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Cardone
- Pediatric Surgery Division, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Maria Escolino
- Pediatric Surgery Division, Federico II University Hospital, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
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Zeng Q, Chen C, Zhang N, Yu J, Yan D, Xu C, Liu D, Zhang Q, Zhang X. Robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for mediastinal tumours in children: a single-centre retrospective study of 149 patients. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2023; 64:ezad362. [PMID: 37897669 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezad362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this retrospective study was to summarize our experience in performing robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (RATS) for mediastinal tumours in children to investigate its safety and feasibility. METHODS This retrospective study involved 149 patients with mediastinal tumours who were hospitalized in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, and underwent RATS for tumour resection from March 2021 to November 2022. Information on patient age, weight, tumour size, surgical incision selection, operative time, intraoperative bleeding, intraoperative complications, length of hospital stay, rate of conversion to thoracotomy and follow-up conditions were summarized. RESULTS All 149 surgeries were successfully completed with no cases of mortality. There were 77 male and 72 female patients, with a mean age of 5.9 years (range: 6 months-16 years, 8 months) and a mean weight of 23.6 kg (8.0-72.0 kg). The mean maximum tumour diameter was 5.5 cm (2.0-12.0 cm), the mean operative time was 106.7 min (25.0-260.0 min), the mean intraoperative bleeding volume was 11.3 ml (1.0-400.0 ml) and the mean hospital stay was 7.2 days (4.0-14.0 days). All patients recovered well with no cases of tumour recurrence or mortality during the postoperative follow-up period (3-23 months). CONCLUSIONS RATS is safe and feasible to apply in children with mediastinal tumours who are >6 months of age and weigh more than 8 kg in terms of short-term outcomes, but longer-term follow-up is needed to fully evaluate the benefits. For cases that are associated with greater surgical difficulty and risk, a comprehensive surgical plan should be fully prepared in advance of surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zeng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Paediatric Surgery, Beijing, China
| | - Chenghao Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Paediatric Surgery, Beijing, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Paediatric Surgery, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Paediatric Surgery, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Yan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Paediatric Surgery, Beijing, China
| | - Changqi Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Paediatric Surgery, Beijing, China
| | - Dingyi Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Paediatric Surgery, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Paediatric Surgery, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Paediatric Surgery, Beijing, China
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O'Brien LP, Hannan E, Antao B, Peirce C. Paediatric robotic surgery: a narrative review. J Robot Surg 2023; 17:1171-1179. [PMID: 36645643 PMCID: PMC10374698 DOI: 10.1007/s11701-023-01523-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The benefits of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) compared with traditional open surgery, including reduced postoperative pain and a reduced length of stay, are well recognised. A significant barrier for MIS in paediatric populations has been the technical challenge posed by laparoscopic surgery in small working spaces, where rigid instruments and restrictive working angles act as barriers to safe dissection. Thus, open surgery remains commonplace in paediatrics, particularly for complex major surgery and for surgical oncology. Robotic surgical platforms have been designed to overcome the limitations of laparoscopic surgery by offering a stable 3-dimensional view, improved ergonomics and greater range of motion. Such advantages may be particularly beneficial in paediatric surgery by empowering the surgeon to perform MIS in the smaller working spaces found in children, particularly in cases that may demand intracorporeal suturing and anastomosis. However, some reservations have been raised regarding the utilisation of robotic platforms in children, including elevated cost, an increased operative time and a lack of dedicated paediatric equipment. This article aims to review the current role of robotics within the field of paediatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Padraig O'Brien
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Enda Hannan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, University Hospital Limerick, St Nessan's Road, Dooradoyle, Limerick, Co Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Brice Antao
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Colin Peirce
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, University Hospital Limerick, St Nessan's Road, Dooradoyle, Limerick, Co Limerick, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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8
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Boscarelli A, Giglione E, Caputo MR, Guida E, Iaquinto M, Scarpa MG, Olenik D, Codrich D, Schleef J. Robotic-assisted surgery in pediatrics: what is evidence-based?-a literature review. Transl Pediatr 2023; 12:271-279. [PMID: 36891357 PMCID: PMC9986791 DOI: 10.21037/tp-22-338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The use of robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) has increased more slowly in pediatrics than in the adult population. Despite the many advantages of robotic instruments, the da Vinci Surgical System (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) still presents some limitations for use in pediatric surgery. This study aims to examine evidence-based indications for RAS in the different fields of pediatric surgery according to the published literature. METHODS A database search (MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science) was performed to identify articles covering any aspect of RAS in the pediatric population. Using Boolean operators AND/OR, all possible combinations of the following search terms were used: robotic surgery, pediatrics, neonatal surgery, thoracic surgery, abdominal surgery, urologic surgery, hepatobiliary surgery, and surgical oncology. The selection criteria were limited to the English language, pediatric patients (under 18 years of age), and articles published after 2010. KEY CONTENT AND FINDINGS A total of 239 abstracts were reviewed. Of these, 10 published articles met the purposes of our study with the highest level of evidence and therefore were analyzed. Notably, most of the articles included in this review reported evidence-based indications in urological surgery. CONCLUSIONS According to this study, the exclusive indications for RAS in the pediatric population are pyeloplasty for ureteropelvic junction obstruction in older children and ureteral reimplantation according to the Lich-Gregoire technique in selected cases for the need to access the pelvis with a narrow anatomical and working space. All other indications for RAS in pediatric surgery are still under discussion to date, and cannot be supported by papers with a high level of evidence. However, RAS is certainly a promising technology. Further evidence is strongly encouraged in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Boscarelli
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, Institute of Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Emanuela Giglione
- Pediatric Surgery Division, Women's and Children's Health Department, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Maria Rita Caputo
- Pediatric Surgery Division, Women's and Children's Health Department, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Edoardo Guida
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, Institute of Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Marianna Iaquinto
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, Institute of Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Maria-Grazia Scarpa
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, Institute of Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Damiana Olenik
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, Institute of Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Daniela Codrich
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, Institute of Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Jürgen Schleef
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, Institute of Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
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Zeng Q, Wang J. Global scientific production of robotic liver resection from 2003 to 2022: A bibliometric analysis. LAPAROSCOPIC, ENDOSCOPIC AND ROBOTIC SURGERY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lers.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
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10
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Fleming MA, Head WT, Aldrink JH, Michalsky MP, Diefenbach KA. Robotic-assisted splenectomy in pediatric patients. Semin Pediatr Surg 2023; 32:151260. [PMID: 36716571 DOI: 10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2023.151260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Fleming
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
| | - W Taylor Head
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer H Aldrink
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Marc P Michalsky
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Karen A Diefenbach
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
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11
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Del Conte F, Montalva L, Ali L, Langeron M, Colas AE, Bonnard A. Scarless laparoscopic incisions in Pfannenstiel (slip): the first 50 cases using an innovative approach in pediatric robotic surgery. J Robot Surg 2023; 17:215-221. [PMID: 35622191 DOI: 10.1007/s11701-022-01419-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Incisions in the supra-pubic region have been described robotic-assisted surgery to improve cosmetic results in adults, but seldom in children. We aimed to present an innovative trocar placement in the Pfannenstiel line, named Scarless Laparoscopic Incisions in Pfannenstiel (SLIP), and evaluate its feasibility for various intra-abdominal procedures and its cosmetic results in pediatric robotic surgery. We performed a monocentric prospective study, including children undergoing robotic-assisted surgeries using a SLIP approach (July 2019-September 2021). Data regarding demographics, surgery, and outcome were collected and reported as median (range), or number (percentage). Cosmetic results were evaluated with a questionnaire. A SLIP approach was performed in 50 children (24 cholecystectomies, 12 splenectomies, 2 cholecystectomies and splenectomies, 9 colonic resections, 2 choledochal cyst resections, and 1 pancreatic pseudocyst resection). Median age was 11 years (2-18) and median weight 35 kg (10.5-80). Conversion to laparoscopy occurred in two cases. Post-operative complications occurred in 5 patients (10%), after colectomies [intrabdominal abscess (n = 3), stoma dysfunction (n = 1), parietal abscess (n = 1)], of which 3 (6%) required reintervention (intrabdominal abscess n = 2, stoma dysfunction n = 1). Regarding scars, 68% (n = 28) of parents and patients reported the maximal score of 5/5 for global satisfaction and 63% (n = 26) had all scars hidden by underwear. SLIP approach is versatile and can be used in supra- and infra-mesocolic robotic-assisted procedures. The low complication rate shows its safety in both young children and teenagers and does not increase operative difficulties. It results in high patient satisfaction regarding scars, and a scarless abdomen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulvia Del Conte
- Department of Pediatric General Surgery and Urology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Robert-Debré Children University Hospital, 48 boulevard Sérurier, 75019, Paris, France.,Department of Pediatric General Surgery and Urology, University Hospital, Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Louise Montalva
- Department of Pediatric General Surgery and Urology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Robert-Debré Children University Hospital, 48 boulevard Sérurier, 75019, Paris, France.,Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Liza Ali
- Department of Pediatric General Surgery and Urology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Robert-Debré Children University Hospital, 48 boulevard Sérurier, 75019, Paris, France
| | - Margaux Langeron
- Department of Pediatric General Surgery and Urology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Robert-Debré Children University Hospital, 48 boulevard Sérurier, 75019, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Emmanuelle Colas
- Department of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Robert-Debré Children University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Bonnard
- Department of Pediatric General Surgery and Urology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Robert-Debré Children University Hospital, 48 boulevard Sérurier, 75019, Paris, France. .,Paris Cité University, Paris, France.
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12
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Jacobson JC, Pandya SR. Pediatric robotic surgery: An overview. Semin Pediatr Surg 2023; 32:151255. [PMID: 36736161 DOI: 10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2023.151255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Pediatric robotic surgery offers children a minimally invasive approach with numerous advantages over open or thoracoscopic and laparoscopic surgery. However, despite its widespread adoption for adult patients, the utilization of robotic surgery within pediatrics has been relatively slower to progress. This paper provides an overview of pediatric robotic surgery and discusses benefits, limitations, and strategies for successful implementation of robotics within pediatric surgical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian C Jacobson
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Medical Center & Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 1935 Medical District Drive, Suite D2000, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
| | - Samir R Pandya
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Medical Center & Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 1935 Medical District Drive, Suite D2000, Dallas, TX 75235, USA.
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13
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Mei H, Tang S. Robotic-assisted surgery in the pediatric surgeons' world: Current situation and future prospectives. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1120831. [PMID: 36865692 PMCID: PMC9971628 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1120831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Robotic-assisted surgery has been fully embraced by surgeons for the adult population; however, its acceptance is too slow in the world of pediatric surgeons. It is largely due to the technical limitations and the inherent high cost associated with it. In the past two decades, indeed, there has been considerable advancement in pediatric robotic surgery. A large number of surgical procedures were performed on children with the assistance of robots, even with comparative success rates to standard laparoscopy. As a newly developing field, it still has many challenges and obstacles. This work is centered on the current status and progression of pediatric robotic surgery as well as the future perspectives in the field of pediatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Mei
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shaotao Tang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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14
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Shen LT, Tou J. Application and prospects of robotic surgery in children: a scoping review. WORLD JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY 2022; 5:e000482. [PMID: 36474741 PMCID: PMC9717356 DOI: 10.1136/wjps-2022-000482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
As an innovative minimally invasive surgical technology, robot-assisted surgery (RAS) has greatly improved the accuracy and safety of surgery through the advantages of three-dimensional magnification, tremor filtering, precision and flexibility, and has been carried out by an increasing number of surgeries. In recent years, robots have been gradually applied to children, bringing new ideas and challenges to pediatric surgeons. This review will describe the advantages and limitations of robotic surgery in children, summarize its application in pediatric surgery, and provide an outlook. It is believed that clinicians should actively carry out RAS under the premise of rigorously ensuring surgical indications and strive to improve the efficacy of surgical treatment for children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ting Shen
- Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinfa Tou
- Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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15
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Ghidini F, Bisoffi S, Gamba P, Fascetti Leon F. Robot-Assisted Versus Laparoscopic Approach for Splenectomy in Children: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2022; 32:1203-1210. [PMID: 36126312 DOI: 10.1089/lap.2021.0882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To compare the outcomes of pediatric splenectomies for hematologic diseases performed by robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery (RALS) and laparoscopic approach. Materials and Methods: Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases were systematically searched for publications in English language from January 2000 to March 2020. All the studies dealing with pediatric elective splenectomies performed by RALS were included. The primary outcomes were the rate of postoperative complications and conversion. The secondary outcomes were the length of hospital stay and the operative time. Results: The search yielded 969 articles. Ten articles were included in the systematic review. Eighty patients underwent RALS splenectomy. Thirteen postoperative complications (16%) were reported and RALS was converted to open surgery in five cases (6.3%). Five of the included articles, three retrospective studies and two case series, were considered relevant for the meta-analysis and dealt with 130 patients. Of them, 71 children (55%) underwent RALS. No difference in the rate of complications was found between the two approaches (P = .235). RALS presented a similar rate of conversion to open surgery (P = .301). The mean operative times and length of hospital stays for RALS, reported in three different studies, were 107.5, 159.6, 140.5 minutes and 4.2, 3.93, 2.1 days, respectively. Conclusion: Even if few studies were included in the review, this meta-analysis reported similar rates of complication and conversion for RALS when compared with laparoscopy. Further studies are required to prove that this innovative technique was as safe and feasible as the current gold standard technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Ghidini
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Pediatric Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Mothers, Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Silvia Bisoffi
- Pediatric Surgery, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio Gamba
- Pediatric Surgery, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesco Fascetti Leon
- Pediatric Surgery, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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16
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Fernández N, Herrera DAV, Villanueva J, Cheng J, Tasian G. Publication Trends in Pediatric Stone Disease: A Bibliometric Analysis. UROLOGÍA COLOMBIANA 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1748870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction In the pediatric population, the prevalence of stone disease has increased in recent years. We aim to analyze the bibliometric characteristic of available literature on the management of stones in this population.
Methods We performed a search for articles published until December 2019 on the Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases using the keywords children, lithiasis, and stones. We excluded articles involving patients older than 18 years of age and those with non-urological lithiasis. Then, we performed a bibliometric analysis using the original language, year of publication, impact factor (yearly number of citations), and absolute citation count as variables to calculate the impact index (number of sources adjusted for the time since publication).
Results We included 291 articles published between 1940 and December 2019 for analysis. The average number of citations per manuscript was of 15.3 (± 21.9), and the average impact index was of 502 (± 976.4). A total of 4 articles were published before 1970. The evaluation of historical landmarks that could affect citation counts, such as the launch of a journal specialized in pediatric urology (Journal of Pediatric Urology), showed a mean citation count of 23.29 before the first edition, and of 14.96 after (p = 0.0006). The variation on the impact index with the same criteria was of 539.6 before the first edition of the Journal of Pediatric Urology, and of 316.32 after (p = 0.001). The average number of citations before internet access was of 17.9, and, after the internet, of 15.1 (p = 0.17). We also observed a difference in counts regarding languages of publication.
Conclusions The proportional academic productivity on pediatric stone disease demonstrates that citation counts do not reflect the true academic impact of subspecialized topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Fernández
- Division of Urology, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | | | - Juliana Villanueva
- Division of Urology, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Julie Cheng
- Division of Urology, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Gregory Tasian
- Division of Urology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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17
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Ammer E, Mandt LS, Silbersdorff IC, Kahl F, Hagmayer Y. Robotic Anxiety—Parents’ Perception of Robot-Assisted Pediatric Surgery. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9030399. [PMID: 35327771 PMCID: PMC8947283 DOI: 10.3390/children9030399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to many other countries, robot-assisted (RA) pediatric surgery is not yet very common in Germany. Although the first pediatric RA intervention was published in 2001, RA pediatric surgery is still perceived as a “new technology”. As a consequence, little is known about parents’ perception of this operation method. In this study, we analyzed parents‘ intention to let their child undergo RA and laparoscopic (LA) surgery. Two subsamples (online and at the University Medical Center Goettingen) received a questionnaire addressing attitude towards RA and LA pediatric surgery with the help of a case example. Results showed that parents had a higher intention to consent to LA surgery. Perceiving more benefits, assuming a positive attitude of the social environment, and feeling less anxiety increased intention. A mediation analysis indicated that the type of surgery affected intentions through assumed attitude of the social environment. Exploratory analyses showed that the perception of risks and anxiety reduced intention for only RA surgery. These findings should be considered in preoperational discussions with parents. Anxiety and perceived risks should especially be addressed in order to encounter hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Ammer
- Department of General, Visceral, and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany;
- Correspondence:
| | - Laura Sophie Mandt
- Georg-Elias-Mueller Institute for Psychology, University Goettingen, 37073 Goettingen, Germany; (L.S.M.); (I.C.S.); (Y.H.)
| | | | - Fritz Kahl
- Department of General, Visceral, and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany;
| | - York Hagmayer
- Georg-Elias-Mueller Institute for Psychology, University Goettingen, 37073 Goettingen, Germany; (L.S.M.); (I.C.S.); (Y.H.)
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18
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杨 磊, 王 生, 倪 鑫. [The application of Da Vinci surgical system in pediatric otolaryngology head and neck surgery]. LIN CHUANG ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF CLINICAL OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY, HEAD, AND NECK SURGERY 2022; 36:63-67. [PMID: 34979624 PMCID: PMC10128216 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2022.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Da Vinci surgical system (DVSS), a novel surgical technology, is gradually applied in various surgical operations due to its accuracy and safety. In adult Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, based DVSS the Transoral Robotic Surgery and neck robotic surgery have rich experience, and gradually being extended to pediatric with preferable initial results. The purpose of this article is to summarize the application of DVSS in pediatric otolaryngologyhead and neck surgery, and and to present future prospectives. Clinicians should actively learn to adopt new techniques and advantages of DVSS, and strive to improve the outcome of surgical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- 磊 杨
- 国家儿童医学中心 首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科(北京,100045)
| | - 生才 王
- 国家儿童医学中心 首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科(北京,100045)
| | - 鑫 倪
- 国家儿童医学中心 首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科(北京,100045)
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19
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Berrondo C, Makari JH. Current practice in robotic surgery among pediatric urologists: A survey study. J Endourol 2021; 36:740-744. [PMID: 34861774 DOI: 10.1089/end.2021.0725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Since its introduction, robotic surgery has gained most traction among urologists. Pediatric urologists have been slower to adopt the technology compared to their adult counterparts. Our objectives were to understand current practice patterns for robotic surgery among pediatric urologists, to identify perceived barriers, and to identify factors associated with the use of robotic surgery. METHODS An anonymous online survey was administered using REDCap to members of the Societies for Pediatric Urology (SPU) including questions about provider demographics and personal practice patterns. Comparisons were made using Pearson's Chi-Squared analysis. RESULTS Of 351 SPU members surveyed, 95 completed the survey (27%). Fifty-five (58%) reported performing robotic surgery, 40 (42%) reported not performing robotic surgery. Twenty-seven (28%) reported receiving robotic training in residency, 26 (27%) in fellowship, 34 (36%) in a robotics course, and 30 (32%) with proctored surgery. Cited reasons for not performing robotic surgery were lack of training, referring to practice partners, and lack of benefit. Of those performing robotic surgery, most reported performing 0-1 or 2-4 per month. Thirty-one (56%) reported having selection criteria for use of the robot: 26 (47%) cited an age cut-off, 12 (22%) a weight cut-off, and 14 (26%) an abdominal size cut-off. Eighteen (33%) reported using hidden incisions endoscopic surgery (HIdES) approach, and 40 (42%) reported using an assistant port. Factors associated with using the robot included surgeon age, years in practice, practice setting, having robotic training, and having practice partners who perform robotic surgery. CONCLUSIONS Practice variation exists in the use and application of robotic surgery among pediatric urologists. The main self-reported barriers to performing robotic surgery are lack of training, referring to practice partners, and no perceived benefit to robotic surgery. Factors associated with performing robotic surgery were surgeon age, years in practice, practice setting, and having practice partners perform robotic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Berrondo
- Children's Hospital and Medical Center, 20635, Pediatric Urology, 8200 Dodge Street, Omaha, Nebraska, United States, 68114-4113.,University of Nebraska Medical Center, 12284, Surgery (Urologic Surgery), Omaha, Nebraska, United States, 68198-7400;
| | - John H Makari
- Children's Hospital and Medical Center, 20635, Pediatric Urology, Omaha, Nebraska, United States.,University of Nebraska Medical Center, 12284, Surgery (Urologic Surgery), Omaha, Nebraska, United States;
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20
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Navarrete-Arellano M. Robotic-Assisted Minimally Invasive Surgery in Children. LATEST DEVELOPMENTS IN MEDICAL ROBOTICS SYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.96684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Currently, minimally invasive surgery (MIS) includes conventional laparo-thoracoscopic surgery and robot-assisted surgery (RAS) or robotic surgery. Robotic surgery is performed with robotic devices, for example the Da Vinci system from Intuitive Surgical, which has a miniaturized camera capable of image magnification, a three-dimensional image of the surgical field, and the instruments are articulated with 7 degrees of freedom of movement, and the surgeon operates in a sitting position at a surgical console near the patient. Robotic surgery has gained an enormous surge in use on adults, but it has been slowly accepted for children, although it offers important advantages in complex surgeries. The areas of application of robotic surgery in the pediatric population include urological, general surgery, thoracic, oncological, and otorhinolaryngology, the largest application has been in urological surgery. There is evidence that robotic surgery in children is safe and it is important to offer its benefits. Intraoperative complications are rare, and the frequency of postoperative complications ranges from 0–15%. Recommendations for the implementation of a pediatric robotic surgery program are included. The future will be fascinating with upcoming advancements in robotic surgical systems, the use of artificial intelligence, and digital surgery.
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21
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Shelby R, Kulaylat AN, Villella A, Michalsky MP, Diefenbach KA, Aldrink JH. A comparison of robotic-assisted splenectomy and laparoscopic splenectomy for children with hematologic disorders. J Pediatr Surg 2021; 56:1047-1050. [PMID: 33004189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2020.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) is the standard of care for hematologic disorders requiring splenectomy. Less is known about the outcomes following robotic-assisted splenectomy (RS) for this indication. Our aim was to describe outcomes of RS to LS in pediatric patients with hematologic disorders in our institution. METHODS A single institution retrospective review was performed of pediatric patients undergoing LS vs. RS from 2014 to 2019. Patient demographics, diagnosis, spleen size, hospital length of stay (LOS), operative time, post-operative opioid use, and hospital charges were evaluated. Standard univariate analyses were performed. RESULTS Twenty-four patients were included in the study (14 LS, 10 RS). The mean spleen size at the time of surgery was larger in the RS group compared to LS (14.5 cm vs. 12.2 cm, p = 0.03). Operative time between the two cohorts was comparable (RS 140.5 vs LS 154.9 min). Median LOS for RS was shorter than LS (2.1 vs. 3.2 days, p = 0.02). Cumulative postoperative opioid analgesic requirements were not significantly different between the groups (17.4 mg vs. 30.5 mg). The median hospital charges, including the surgical procedure and hospital stay were higher in the RS group ($44,724 RS vs $30,255 LS, p = 0.01). CONCLUSION Robotic splenectomy is a safe and feasible option for pediatric patients with hematologic disorders, and was associated with decreased LOS but higher charges compared to laparoscopic splenectomy. Further studies are required to delineate the optimal use and potential benefits of robot-assisted surgical techniques in children. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Shelby
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH
| | - Afif N Kulaylat
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH
| | - Anthony Villella
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH
| | - Marc P Michalsky
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH
| | - Karen A Diefenbach
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH
| | - Jennifer H Aldrink
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH.
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22
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Harte C, Ren M, Querciagrossa S, Druot E, Vatta F, Sarnacki S, Dahmani S, Orliaguet G, Blanc T. Anaesthesia management during paediatric robotic surgery: preliminary results from a single centre multidisciplinary experience. Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med 2021; 40:100837. [PMID: 33757915 DOI: 10.1016/j.accpm.2021.100837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Paediatric robotic surgery is gaining popularity across multiple disciplines and offers technical advantages in complex procedures requiring delicate dissection. To date, limited publications describe its perioperative management in children. MATERIAL & METHODS We retrospectively analysed the prospectively collected anaesthetic data of the first 200 robotic-assisted surgery procedures in our paediatric university hospital as part of a multidisciplinary program from October of 2016 to February of 2019. Anaesthetic technique and monitoring were based on guidelines initially derived from adult data. We examined adverse events and particular outcomes including blood loss and analgesic requirements. RESULTS Fifty-one different surgical procedures were performed in patients aged 4 months to 18 years (weight 5-144 kg). Operative times averaged 4 h and conversion rate was 3%. Neither robotic arm nor positional injury occurred. Limited access to the patient did not lead to any complication. Hypothermia was frequent and mostly self-limiting. Negative physiological effects due to positioning, body cavity insufflation or surgery manifesting as significant respiratory and haemodynamic changes occurred in 14% and 11% of patients, respectively. Overt haemorrhage complicated one case. Eighty per cent of 170 patients did not require level 3 analgesics postoperatively, while thoracic and certain tumour cases had greater analgesic requirements. CONCLUSION These preliminary results show that paediatric robotic surgery is well tolerated with a low bleeding risk and that major intraoperative events are uncommon. A consistent anaesthetic approach is effective across a broad range of procedures. Analgesic requirements are low excluding thoracic and some complex abdominal cases. Future studies should focus on the rehabilitative aspects of robotic surgery technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Harte
- Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, AP-HP, Centre-Université de Paris, France.
| | - Melissa Ren
- Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, AP-HP, Centre-Université de Paris, France
| | - Stefania Querciagrossa
- Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, AP-HP, Centre-Université de Paris, France
| | - Emilie Druot
- Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, AP-HP, Centre-Université de Paris, France
| | - Fabrizio Vatta
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Urology, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, AP-HP, Centre-Université de Paris, France
| | - Sabine Sarnacki
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Urology, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, AP-HP, Centre-Université de Paris, France
| | - Souhayl Dahmani
- Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Robert Debré University Hospital, AP-HP, Université de Paris, France
| | - Gilles Orliaguet
- Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, AP-HP, Centre-Université de Paris, France; Pharmacologie et évaluation des thérapeutiques chez l'enfant et la femme enceinte, Unité de recherche EA 7323, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris centre - Site Tarnier, Université de Paris, 89 Rue d'Assas, Paris 75006, France
| | - Thomas Blanc
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Urology, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, AP-HP, Centre-Université de Paris, France; Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies of Chronic Kidney Disease, INSERM U115-CNRS UMR 8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Département "Croissance et Signalisation", Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Université de Paris, 149, Rue de Sèvres, Paris 75015, France
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23
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Richards HW, Kulaylat AN, Cooper JN, McLeod DJ, Diefenbach KA, Michalsky MP. Trends in robotic surgery utilization across tertiary children’s hospitals in the United States. Surg Endosc 2020; 35:6066-6072. [DOI: 10.1007/s00464-020-08098-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Effective intracorporeal space in robot-assisted multiquadrant surgery in a pediatric inanimate model. J Robot Surg 2020; 15:25-30. [PMID: 32266666 DOI: 10.1007/s11701-020-01065-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric robot-assisted surgery is technically challenging, but it is becoming the most desirable approach for most of the pediatric urological abdominal surgical procedures. Distance between ports has been adopted based on adult surgery experience. Currently, there is scarce information and literature about effective trocar position and distance between ports for highly complex pediatric multiquadrant surgery. The aim of this study is to evaluate the most effective way of port placement for pediatric multiquadrant robot-assisted surgery using an inanimate model. Two inanimate models simulating the abdominal area of an older infant were created: model (1) 33.3 × 29.6 × 11.5 cm and model (2) 15 × 13 × 8 cm. A simulation of a robot-assisted laparoscopic Mitrofanoff procedure was performed in both models simulating appendix procurement and subsequent anastomosis to the bladder dome. In the first model, the simulation was performed in two ways: (a) adult trocars were placed with a distance of 4 cm between them and placed longitudinally and (b) ports were placed by triangulating the camera 2 cm in a cephalic fashion. In the second model, (a) scenario was used as described above (c) single port crossing the arms. Volume of the first model was 11,335.32 cm3. Simulation (b) reached higher percentage of volumes without arm clash (30.19 vs. 41.92%, p = 0.021). In the second model with a volume of 1560 cm3, simulation (a) reached a volume percentage of 65.15% without arm clash and allowing the multiquadrant advance, while simulation (c) could not be performed due to arm collision and the inability to advance and see the four quadrants. Triangulation and increasing the distance away from the point of interest improve intracorporeal EWS for multiquadrant complex pediatric surgery.
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