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Afayibo DJA, Zhang Z, Sun H, Fu J, Zhao Y, Amuda TO, Wu M, Du J, Guan G, Niu Q, Yang J, Yin H. Establishment of an ELISA Based on a Recombinant Antigenic Protein Containing Multiple Prominent Epitopes for Detection of African Swine Fever Virus Antibodies. Microorganisms 2024; 12:943. [PMID: 38792774 PMCID: PMC11124277 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12050943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) poses a significant threat to the global pig industry, necessitating accurate and efficient diagnostic methods for its infection. Previous studies have often focused on a limited number of epitopes from a few proteins for detecting antibodies against ASFV. Therefore, the current study aimed to use multiple B-cell epitopes in developing an indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for enhanced detection of ASFV antibodies. For the expression of recombinant protein, k3 derived from 27 multiple peptides of 11 ASFV proteins, such as p72, pA104R, pB602L, p12, p14.5, p49, pE248R, p30, p54, pp62, and pp220, was used. To confirm the expression of the recombinant protein, we used the Western blotting analysis. The purified recombinant K3 protein served as the antigen in our study, and we employed the indirect ELISA technique to detect anti-ASFV antibodies. The present finding showed that there was no cross-reactivity with antibodies targeting Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), Pseudorabies virus (PRV), Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), and Classical swine fever virus (CSFV). Moreover, the current finding was sensitive enough to find anti-ASFV in serum samples that had been diluted up to 32 times. The test (k3-iELISA) showed diagnostic specificity and sensitivity of 98.41% and 97.40%, respectively. Moreover, during the present investigation, we compared the Ingenasa kit and the k3-iELISA to test clinical pig serum, and the results revealed that there was 99.00% agreement between the two tests, showing good detection capability of the k3-iELISA method. Hence, the current finding showed that the ELISA kit we developed can be used for the rapid detection of ASFV antibodies and used as an alternative during serological investigation of ASF in endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dossêh Jean Apôtre Afayibo
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Lanzhou), Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou 730046, China; (D.J.A.A.); (J.D.)
| | - Zhonghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Lanzhou), Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou 730046, China; (D.J.A.A.); (J.D.)
| | - Hualin Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Lanzhou), Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou 730046, China; (D.J.A.A.); (J.D.)
| | - Jingsheng Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Lanzhou), Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou 730046, China; (D.J.A.A.); (J.D.)
| | - Yaru Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Lanzhou), Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou 730046, China; (D.J.A.A.); (J.D.)
| | - Tharheer Oluwashola Amuda
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Lanzhou), Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou 730046, China; (D.J.A.A.); (J.D.)
| | - Mengli Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Lanzhou), Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou 730046, China; (D.J.A.A.); (J.D.)
| | - Junzheng Du
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Lanzhou), Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou 730046, China; (D.J.A.A.); (J.D.)
| | - Guiquan Guan
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Lanzhou), Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou 730046, China; (D.J.A.A.); (J.D.)
| | - Qingli Niu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Lanzhou), Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou 730046, China; (D.J.A.A.); (J.D.)
| | - Jifei Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Lanzhou), Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou 730046, China; (D.J.A.A.); (J.D.)
| | - Hong Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Lanzhou), Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou 730046, China; (D.J.A.A.); (J.D.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Zhu J, Liu Q, Li L, Zhang R, Chang Y, Zhao J, Liu S, Zhao X, Chen X, Sun Y, Zhao Q. Nanobodies against African swine fever virus p72 and CD2v proteins as reagents for developing two cELISAs to detect viral antibodies. Virol Sin 2024:S1995-820X(24)00038-5. [PMID: 38588947 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) poses a significant threat to the global swine industry. Currently, there are no effective vaccines or treatments available to combat ASFV infection in pigs. The primary means of controlling the spread of the disease is through rapid detection and subsequent elimination of infected pig. Recently, a lower virulent ASFV isolate with a deleted EP402R gene (CD2v-deleted) has been reported in China, which further complicates the control of ASFV infection in pig farms. Furthermore, an EP402R-deleted ASFV variant has been developed as a potential live attenuated vaccine candidate strain. Therefore, it is crucial to develop detection methods that can distinguish wild-type and EP402R-deleted ASFV infections. In this study, two recombinant ASFV-p72 and -CD2v proteins were expressed using a prokaryotic system and used to immunize Bactrian camels. Subsequently, eight nanobodies against ASFV-p72 and ten nanobodies against ASFV-CD2v were screened. Following the production of these nanobodies with horse radish peroxidase (HRP) fusion proteins, the ASFV-p72-Nb2-HRP and ASFV-CD2v-Nb22-HRP fusions were selected for the development of two competitive ELISAs (cELISAs) to detect anti-ASFV antibodies. The two cELISAs exhibited high sensitivity, good specificity, repeatability, and stability. The coincidence rate between the two cELISAs and commercial ELISA kits was 98.6% and 97.6%, respectively. Collectively, the two cELISA for detecting antibodies against ASFV demonstrated ease of operation, a low cost, and a simple production process. The two cELISAs could determine whether pigs were infected with wild-type or CD2v-deleted ASFV, and could play an important role in monitoring ASFV infections in pig farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahong Zhu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling Observing and Experimental Station of National Data Center of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Qingyuan Liu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling Observing and Experimental Station of National Data Center of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Liuya Li
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling Observing and Experimental Station of National Data Center of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Runyu Zhang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling Observing and Experimental Station of National Data Center of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yueting Chang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling Observing and Experimental Station of National Data Center of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Jiakai Zhao
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling Observing and Experimental Station of National Data Center of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Siyu Liu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling Observing and Experimental Station of National Data Center of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling Observing and Experimental Station of National Data Center of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling Observing and Experimental Station of National Data Center of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yani Sun
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling Observing and Experimental Station of National Data Center of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Qin Zhao
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling Observing and Experimental Station of National Data Center of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China.
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Jin J, Bai Y, Zhang Y, Lu W, Zhang S, Zhao X, Sun Y, Wu Y, Zhang A, Zhang G, Sun A, Zhuang G. Establishment and characterization of a novel indirect ELISA method based on ASFV antigenic epitope-associated recombinant protein. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127311. [PMID: 37865977 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
African Swine Fever (ASF) is an acute and highly lethal disease in pigs caused by African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV). Viral proteins have been commonly used as antigenic targets for the development of ASF diagnostic methods. However, the prokaryotic expression of viral proteins has deficiencies such as instability, insolubility, and high cost in eukaryotic situations. This study screened and verified ASFV-encoded p72, p54, and p30 protein antigenic epitopes. Subsequently, a novel antigenic epitope-associated recombinant protein was designed based on an ideal structural protein and expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli). Western blot analysis indicated that the recombinant protein could specifically react with the monoclonal antibody (mAb) of p72 and polyclonal antibodies of p54 and p30, respectively. Next, an ASF indirect ELISA (iELISA) method was established based on the recombinant protein, which has no specific reaction with sera of other important pig viral diseases. Meanwhile, it shows a sensitivity to detecting dilutions of ASF-positive reference serum up to 1:6400. The clinical sample detection results showed a high coincidence rate of 98 % with a commercial competition ELISA kit. In conclusion, we established a novel specific, and sensitive ASF serologic detection method that opens new avenues for ASF serodiagnostic method development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Jin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China; International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yilin Bai
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China; International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenlong Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China; International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China; International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuyang Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China; International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yaning Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs & Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanan Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China; International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Angke Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China; International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China; International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China; Longhu Laboratory of Advanced Immunology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Aijun Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China; International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Guoqing Zhuang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China; International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
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Hu Z, Tian X, Lai R, Wang X, Li X. Current detection methods of African swine fever virus. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1289676. [PMID: 38144466 PMCID: PMC10739333 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1289676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF), caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV), is a highly contagious and notifiable animal disease in domestic pigs and wild boars, as designated by the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH). The effective diagnosis of ASF holds great importance in promptly controlling its spread due to its increasing prevalence and the continuous emergence of variant strains. This paper offers a comprehensive review of the most common and up-to-date methods established for various genes/proteins associated with ASFV. The discussed methods primarily focus on the detection of viral genomes or particles, as well as the detection of ASFV associated antibodies. It is anticipated that this paper will serve as a reference for choosing appropriate diagnostic methods in diverse application scenarios, while also provide direction for the development of innovative technologies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Hu
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Pig and Poultry Healthy Breeding and Disease Diagnosis Technology, Xiajin New Hope Liuhe Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Dezhou, China
- Shandong New Hope Liuhe Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
- Shandong New Hope Liuhe Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Co., Ltd., (NHLH Academy of Swine Research), Dezhou, China
- China Agriculture Research System-Yangling Comprehensive Test Station, Xianyang, China
| | - Xiaogang Tian
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Pig and Poultry Healthy Breeding and Disease Diagnosis Technology, Xiajin New Hope Liuhe Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Dezhou, China
- Shandong New Hope Liuhe Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
- Shandong New Hope Liuhe Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Co., Ltd., (NHLH Academy of Swine Research), Dezhou, China
| | - Ranran Lai
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Pig and Poultry Healthy Breeding and Disease Diagnosis Technology, Xiajin New Hope Liuhe Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Dezhou, China
- Shandong New Hope Liuhe Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
- Shandong New Hope Liuhe Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Co., Ltd., (NHLH Academy of Swine Research), Dezhou, China
| | - Xinglong Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Xiaowen Li
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Pig and Poultry Healthy Breeding and Disease Diagnosis Technology, Xiajin New Hope Liuhe Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Dezhou, China
- Shandong New Hope Liuhe Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
- Shandong New Hope Liuhe Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Co., Ltd., (NHLH Academy of Swine Research), Dezhou, China
- China Agriculture Research System-Yangling Comprehensive Test Station, Xianyang, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Feed and Livestock and Poultry Products Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, New Hope Liuhe Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China
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Jung MC, Le VP, Yoon SW, Le TN, Trinh TBN, Kim HK, Kang JA, Lim JW, Yeom M, Na W, Nah JJ, Choi JD, Kang HE, Song D, Jeong DG. A Robust Quadruple Protein-Based Indirect ELISA for Detection of Antibodies to African Swine Fever Virus in Pigs. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2758. [PMID: 38004769 PMCID: PMC10672928 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) emerged in domestic pigs and wild boars in China in 2018 and rapidly spread to neighboring Asian countries. Currently, no effective vaccine or diagnostic tests are available to prevent its spread. We developed a robust quadruple recombinant-protein-based indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (QrP-iELISA) using four antigenic proteins (CD2v, CAP80, p54, and p22) to detect ASF virus (ASFV) antibodies and compared it with a commercial kit (IDvet) using ASFV-positive and -negative serum samples. The maximum positive/negative value was 24.033 at a single antigen concentration of 0.25 μg/mL and quadruple ASFV antigen combination of 1 μg/mL at a 1:100 serum dilution. Among 70 ASFV-positive samples, 65, 67, 65, 70, 70, and 14 were positive above the cut-offs of 0.121, 0.121, 0.183, 0.065, 0.201, and 0.122, for CD2v, CAP80, p54, p22-iELISA, QrP-iELISA, and IDvet, respectively, with sensitivities of 92.9%, 95.7%, 92.9%, 100%, 100%, and 20%, respectively, all with 100% specificity. The antibody responses in QrP-iELISA and IDvet were similar in pigs infected with ASFV I. QrP-iELISA was more sensitive than IDvet for early antibody detection in pigs infected with ASFV II. These data provide a foundation for developing advanced ASF antibody detection kits critical for ASF surveillance and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Chul Jung
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; (M.-C.J.); (T.N.L.); (J.-A.K.)
- Department of Proteome Structural Biology, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Van Phan Le
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (V.P.L.); (T.B.N.T.)
| | - Sun-Woo Yoon
- Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea;
| | - Thi Ngoc Le
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; (M.-C.J.); (T.N.L.); (J.-A.K.)
- Department of Proteome Structural Biology, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Thi Bich Ngoc Trinh
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (V.P.L.); (T.B.N.T.)
| | - Hye Kwon Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jung-Ah Kang
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; (M.-C.J.); (T.N.L.); (J.-A.K.)
| | - Jong-Woo Lim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.L.); (M.Y.)
| | - Minjoo Yeom
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.L.); (M.Y.)
| | - Woonsung Na
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jin-Ju Nah
- Foreign Animal Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Republic of Korea; (J.-J.N.); (J.-D.C.); (H.-E.K.)
| | - Ji-Da Choi
- Foreign Animal Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Republic of Korea; (J.-J.N.); (J.-D.C.); (H.-E.K.)
| | - Hae-Eun Kang
- Foreign Animal Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Republic of Korea; (J.-J.N.); (J.-D.C.); (H.-E.K.)
| | - Daesub Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.L.); (M.Y.)
| | - Dae Gwin Jeong
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; (M.-C.J.); (T.N.L.); (J.-A.K.)
- Department of Proteome Structural Biology, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Wu Z, Lu H, Zhu D, Xie J, Sun F, Xu Y, Zhang H, Wu Z, Xia W, Zhu S. Developing an Indirect ELISA for the Detection of African Swine Fever Virus Antibodies Using a Tag-Free p15 Protein Antigen. Viruses 2023; 15:1939. [PMID: 37766344 PMCID: PMC10534517 DOI: 10.3390/v15091939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is one of the most severe diseases caused by the ASF virus (ASFV), causing massive economic losses to the global pig industry. Serological tests are important in ASF epidemiological surveillance, and more antigen targets are needed to meet market demand for ASFV antibody detection. In the present study, ASFV p15 protein was fusion-expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli) with elastin-like polypeptide (ELP), and the ELP-p15 protein was purified using a simple inverse transition cycling (ITC) process. The ELP tag was cleaved off using tobacco etch virus protease (TEVp), resulting in a tag-free p15 protein. Western blot analysis demonstrated that the p15 protein reacted strongly with ASFV-positive serum. The p15 protein was used as a coating antigen in an indirect ELISA (iELISA) for detecting ASFV antibodies. The p15-iELISA method demonstrated high specificity to ASFV-positive sera, with a maximum detection dilution of 1:1600. Moreover, the method exhibited good reproducibility, with less intra-assay and inter-assay CV values than 10%. Therefore, p15-iELISA offers a novel approach for accurately detecting ASFV antibodies with significant clinical application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High-Tech Research and Development of Veterinary Biopharmaceuticals, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (Z.W.); (H.L.); (J.X.); (F.S.); (Y.X.)
| | - Huipeng Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High-Tech Research and Development of Veterinary Biopharmaceuticals, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (Z.W.); (H.L.); (J.X.); (F.S.); (Y.X.)
| | - Dewei Zhu
- Yancheng Engineering Research Center of Animal Biologics, School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China;
| | - Jun Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High-Tech Research and Development of Veterinary Biopharmaceuticals, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (Z.W.); (H.L.); (J.X.); (F.S.); (Y.X.)
| | - Fan Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High-Tech Research and Development of Veterinary Biopharmaceuticals, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (Z.W.); (H.L.); (J.X.); (F.S.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yan Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High-Tech Research and Development of Veterinary Biopharmaceuticals, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (Z.W.); (H.L.); (J.X.); (F.S.); (Y.X.)
| | - Hua Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China; (H.Z.); (Z.W.)
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Tumor Targeted Nano Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China
| | - Zhijun Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China; (H.Z.); (Z.W.)
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Tumor Targeted Nano Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China
| | - Wenlong Xia
- Yancheng Engineering Research Center of Animal Biologics, School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China;
| | - Shanyuan Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High-Tech Research and Development of Veterinary Biopharmaceuticals, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (Z.W.); (H.L.); (J.X.); (F.S.); (Y.X.)
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Li J, Jiao J, Liu N, Ren S, Zeng H, Peng J, Zhang Y, Guo L, Liu F, Lv T, Chen Z, Sun W, Hrabchenko N, Yu J, Wu J. Novel p22 and p30 dual-proteins combination based indirect ELISA for detecting antibodies against African swine fever virus. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1093440. [PMID: 36846265 PMCID: PMC9950402 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1093440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction African swine fever virus (ASFV) infection is one of the most complex and fatal hemorrhagic viral diseases, causing a devastating loss to the swine industry. Since no effective vaccine is available, prevention and control of ASFV heavily depends on early diagnostic detection. Methods In this study, a novel indirect ELISA was established for detecting antibodies against ASFV using dual-proteins, p22 and p30. Recombinants p22 and p30 were expressed and purified from E.coli vector system by recombined plasmids pET-KP177R and pET-CP204L. p22 and p30 were mixed as antigens for developing the indirect ELISA. Results Through optimizing coating concentrations of p30 and p22, coating ratio (p30: p22 = 1:3), and serum dilution (as 1:600), the established ELISA performed higher specificity, sensitivity, and repeatability against ASFV-positive serum. Furthermore, 184 clinical serum samples from suspected diseased pigs were verified the established ELISA in clinical diagnosis. The results showed that compared with two commercial ELISA kits, the established ELISA possessed higher sensitivity and almost uniform coincidence rate. Conclusion The novel indirect ELISA based on dual-proteins p30 and p22 performed a valuable role in diagnostic detection of ASFV, providing a broad insight into serological diagnostic methods of ASFV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianda Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jian Jiao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China,School of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Na Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China,School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Sufang Ren
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Hao Zeng
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Peng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yuyu Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China,School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Lihui Guo
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Tingting Lv
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China,School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Wenbo Sun
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Nataliia Hrabchenko
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jiang Yu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China,School of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China,Jiang Yu ✉
| | - Jiaqiang Wu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China,School of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China,School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China,*Correspondence: Jiaqiang Wu ✉
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Jiang W, Jiang D, Li L, Wang J, Wang P, Shi X, Zhao Q, Liu B, Ji P, Zhang G. Identification of Two Novel Linear B Cell Epitopes on the CD2v Protein of African Swine Fever Virus Using Monoclonal Antibodies. Viruses 2022; 15:131. [PMID: 36680174 PMCID: PMC9866794 DOI: 10.3390/v15010131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a highly infectious viral pathogen that endangers the global pig industry, and no effective vaccine is available thus far. The CD2v protein is a glycoprotein on the outer envelope of ASFV, which mediates the transmission of the virus in the blood and recognition of the virus serotype, playing an important role in ASFV vaccine development and disease prevention. Here, we generated two specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), 6C11 and 8F12 (subtype IgG1/kappa-type), against the ASFV CD2v extracellular domain (CD2v-ex, GenBank: MK128995.1, 1-588 bp) and characterized their specificity. Peptide scanning technology was used to identify the epitopes recognized by mAbs 6C11 and 8F12. As a result, two novel B cell epitopes, 38DINGVSWN45 and 134GTNTNIY140, were defined. Amino acid sequence alignment showed that the defined epitopes were conserved in all referenced ASFV strains from various regions of China including the highly pathogenic, epidemic strain, Georgia2007/1 (NC_044959.2), with the same noted substitutions compared to the four foreign ASFV wild-type strains. This study provides important reference values for the design and development of an ASFV vaccine and useful biological materials for the functional study of the CD2v protein by deletion analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Dawei Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Longhu Laboratory, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Lu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jiabin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xuejian Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Boyuan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Pengchao Ji
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Engineering Laboratory of Animal Biological Products, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Longhu Laboratory, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Engineering Laboratory of Animal Biological Products, Zhengzhou 450046, China
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