1
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Yang C, Wang X, Li S, Zhu X, Yu Y, Zhang S. Combined analysis of transcriptomics with metabolomics provides insights into the resistance mechanism in winter jujube using L-Methionine. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 214:108951. [PMID: 39047581 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Black rots lead to great economic losses in winter jujube industry. The objective of this research was to delve into the underlying mechanisms of enhanced resistance of winter jujube fruit to black rot by L-Methionine (Met) treatment. The findings revealed that the application of Met significantly curtailed lesion diameter and decay incidence in winter jujube fruit. The peroxidase (POD) activity in the Met-treated jujubes was 3.06-fold that in the control jujubes after 4 d of treatment. By day 8, the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), chitinase (CHI) and β-1,3-glucanase (GLU) in the Met-treated jujubes had surged to their zenith, being 1.39, 1.22, and 1.52 times in the control group, respectively. At the end of storage, the flavonoid and total phenol content remained 1.58 and 1.06 times than that of the control group. Based on metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis, Met treatment upregulated 6 key differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) (succinic acid, trans-ferulic acid, salicylic acid, delphinium pigments, (S)-abscisic acid, and hesperidin-7-neohesperidin), 12 key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (PAL, CYP73A, COMT, 4CL, CAD, POD, UGT72E, ANS, CHS, IAA, TCH4 and PR1), which were involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, flavonoid biosynthesis pathway and plant hormone signal transduction pathway. Further analysis revealed that the most of the enzymes, DEMs and DEGs in this study were associated with both antioxidant and disease resistance. Consequently, Met treatment enhanced disease resistance of winter jujube fruit by elevating antioxidant capacity and triggering defense response. This study might provide theoretical support for utilizing Met in the management and prevention of post-harvest black rot in winter jujube.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yang
- College of Food Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, 030000, PR China
| | - Xiaojia Wang
- College of Food Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, 030000, PR China
| | - Shengwang Li
- College of Food Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, 030000, PR China
| | - Xianran Zhu
- College of Food Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, 030000, PR China
| | - Youwei Yu
- College of Food Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, 030000, PR China.
| | - Shaoying Zhang
- College of Food Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, 030000, PR China.
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2
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Kozaeva E, Eida AA, Gunady EF, Dangl JL, Conway JM, Brophy JA. Roots of synthetic ecology: microbes that foster plant resilience in the changing climate. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2024; 88:103172. [PMID: 39029405 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Microbes orchestrate nearly all major biogeochemical processes. The ability to program their influence on plant growth and development is attractive for sustainable agriculture. However, the complexity of microbial ecosystems and our limited understanding of the mechanisms by which plants and microbes interact with each other and the environment make it challenging to use microbiomes to influence plant growth. Novel technologies at the intersection of microbial ecology, systems biology, and bioengineering provide new tools to probe the role of plant microbiomes across environments. Here, we summarize recent studies on plant and microbe responses to abiotic stresses, showcasing key molecules and micro-organisms that are important for plant health. We highlight opportunities to use synthetic microbial communities to understand the complexity of plant-microbial interactions and discuss future avenues of programming ecology to improve plant and ecosystem health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Kozaeva
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Section of Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Abdul Aziz Eida
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ella F Gunady
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Jeffery L Dangl
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Jonathan M Conway
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
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3
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Huang S, Jin S. Melatonin Interaction with Other Phytohormones in the Regulation of Abiotic Stresses in Horticultural Plants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:663. [PMID: 38929102 PMCID: PMC11201163 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Horticultural crops play a vital role in global food production, nutrition, and the economy. Horticultural crops are highly vulnerable to abiotic stresses. These abiotic stresses hinder plant growth and development by affecting seed germination, impairing photosynthetic activity, and damaging root development, thus leading to a decrease in fruit yield, quality, and productivity. Scientists have conducted extensive research to investigate the mechanisms of resilience and the ability to cope with environmental stresses. In contrast, the use of phytohormones to alleviate the detrimental impacts of abiotic stresses on horticulture plants has been generally recognized as an effective method. Among phytohormones, melatonin (MT) is a novel plant hormone that regulates various plants' physiological functions such as seedling development, root system architecture, photosynthetic efficiency, balanced redox homeostasis, secondary metabolites production, accumulation of mineral nutrient uptake, and activated antioxidant defense system. Importantly, MT application significantly restricted heavy metals (HMs) uptake and increased mineral nutrient accumulation by modifying the root architecture system. In addition, MT is a naturally occurring, multifunctional, nontoxic biomolecule having antioxidant properties. Furthermore, this review described the hormonal interaction between MT and other signaling molecules in order to enhance abiotic stress tolerance in horticulture crops. This review focuses on current research advancements and prospective approaches for enhancing crop tolerance to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Songheng Jin
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China;
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4
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Abd-El-Aty MS, Kamara MM, Elgamal WH, Mesbah MI, Abomarzoka EA, Alwutayd KM, Mansour E, Ben Abdelmalek I, Behiry SI, Almoshadak AS, Abdelaal K. Exogenous application of nano-silicon, potassium sulfate, or proline enhances physiological parameters, antioxidant enzyme activities, and agronomic traits of diverse rice genotypes under water deficit conditions. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26077. [PMID: 38434411 PMCID: PMC10907525 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Water deficit is a critical obstacle that devastatingly impacts rice production, particularly in arid regions under current climatic fluctuations. Accordingly, it is decisive to reinforce the drought tolerance of rice by employing sustainable approaches to enhance global food security. The present study aimed at exploring the effect of exogenous application using different biostimulants on physiological, morphological, and yield attributes of diverse rice genotypes under water deficit and well-watered conditions in 2-year field trial. Three diverse rice genotypes (IRAT-112, Giza-178, and IR-64) were evaluated under well-watered (14400 m3/ha in total for the entire season) and water deficit (9170 m3/ha) conditions and were exogenously sprayed by nano-silicon, potassium sulfate, or proline. The results showed that drought stress substantially decreased all studied photosynthetic pigments, growth traits, and yield attributes compared to well-watered conditions. In contrast, antioxidant enzyme activities and osmoprotectants were considerably increased compared with those under well-watered conditions. However, the foliar application of nano-silicon, potassium sulfate, and proline substantially mitigated the deleterious effects of drought stress and markedly enhanced photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzyme activities, growth parameters, and yield contributing traits compared to untreated stressed control. Among the assessed treatments, foliar spray with nano-silicon or proline was more effective in promoting drought tolerance. The exogenous application of proline improved chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids by 21.4, 19.6 and 21.0% followed by nano-silicon treatment, which enhanced chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids by 21.1, 17.6 and 9.5% compared to untreated control. Besides, the application of proline demonstrated a superior improvement in the content of proline by 52.5% compared with the untreated control. Moreover, nano-silicon exhibited the maximum enhancement of catalase and peroxidase activity compared to the other treatments. The positive impacts of applied exogenously nano-silicon or proline significantly increased panicle length, number of panicles/plant, number of grains/panicle, fertility percentage, 1000-grain weight, panicle weight, and grain yield, compared to untreated plants under water deficit conditions. In addition, the physiological and agronomic performance of evaluated rice genotypes significantly contrasted under drought conditions. The genotype Giza-178 displayed the best performance under water deficit conditions compared with the other genotypes. Consequently, the integration of applied exogenously nano-silicon or proline with tolerant rice genotype as Giza-178 is an efficient approach to ameliorating drought tolerance and achieving agricultural sustainability under water-scarce conditions in arid environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S. Abd-El-Aty
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Kamara
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Walid H. Elgamal
- Rice Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Mohamed I. Mesbah
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - ElSayed A. Abomarzoka
- Crop Physiology Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt
| | - Khairiah M. Alwutayd
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elsayed Mansour
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Imen Ben Abdelmalek
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Said I. Behiry
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21531, Egypt
| | - Ameina S. Almoshadak
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Abdelaal
- Excellence Center, Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Egypt
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5
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Zhu X, Zhang S, Yu Y, Li S, Yang C, Chang Y. Inhibitory Effect of L-Methionine on Alternaria alternata Based on Metabolomics Analysis. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:151. [PMID: 38392823 PMCID: PMC10890048 DOI: 10.3390/jof10020151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Alternaria alternata is the main pathogenic fungus of postharvest black spots in fruits and vegetables. This study aimed to explore the antifungal activity of methionine on A. alternata in vitro and to reveal related antifungal mechanisms through a metabolomics analysis. The results showed that the inhibitory effects of L-methionine (Met) treatment on mycelium growth, spore germination, and the germ tube elongation of A. alternata were enhanced with an increase in the Met concentration, but the inhibitory effects decreased when the Met concentration was higher than 50 mmolL-1. The results of propidium iodide staining and scanning electron microscopy showed that the Met treatment damaged the plasma membrane integrity of the A. alternata spores and caused an irreversible deformation of mycelium. In addition, after the Met treatment, the leakage of electrolytes, nucleic acid, and proteins in the A. alternata cells was significantly higher than that in the control group, indicating that the Met treatment increased the permeability of the cell membranes. Eighty-one different metabolites, divided into seven categories, were identified through the metabolomics analysis, including forty-three downregulated metabolites and thirty-eight upregulated metabolites. Among them, these differential metabolites were mainly involved in amino acid synthesis and metabolism, the pentose phosphate pathway, and the TCA cycle. Therefore, the antifungal effect of the Met treatment on A. alternata was mainly to damage the integrity of the cell membranes, make nucleic acid and protein contents leak, and affect the TCA cycle, carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid synthesis metabolism, and the metabolic pathways associated with cell membrane biosynthesis. Thus, the growth and development of A. alternata were inhibited. The research enriched the investigation of the effect of the antifungal mechanism of Met treatment on A. alternata and provided a theoretical basis for the application of Met to prevent and treat postharvest black spots in fruits and vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianran Zhu
- College of Food Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Shaoying Zhang
- College of Food Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Youwei Yu
- College of Food Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Shengwang Li
- College of Food Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Chao Yang
- College of Food Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Yuan Chang
- College of Food Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030000, China
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6
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Feng L, Li Q, Zhou D, Jia M, Liu Z, Hou Z, Ren Q, Ji S, Sang S, Lu S, Yu J. B. subtilis CNBG-PGPR-1 induces methionine to regulate ethylene pathway and ROS scavenging for improving salt tolerance of tomato. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 117:193-211. [PMID: 37812678 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity severely threatens plant growth and crop yields. The utilization of PGPR is an effective strategy for enhancing plant salt tolerance, but the mechanisms involved in this process have rarely been reported. In this study, we investigated the effects of Bacillus subtilis CNBG-PGPR-1 on improving plant salt tolerance and elucidated the molecular pathways involved. The results showed that CNBG-PGPR-1 significantly improved the cellular homeostasis and photosynthetic efficiency of leaves and reduced ion toxicity and osmotic stress caused by salt in tomato. Transcriptome analysis uncovered that CNBG-PGPR-1 enhanced plant salt tolerance through the activation of complex molecular pathways, with plant hormone signal transduction playing an important role. Comparative analysis and pharmacological experiments confirmed that the ethylene pathway was closely related to the beneficial effect of CNBG-PGPR-1 on improving plant salt tolerance. Furthermore, we found that methionine, a precursor of ethylene synthesis, significantly accumulated in response to CNBG-PGPR-1 in tomato. Exogenous L-methionine largely mimicked the beneficial effects of CNBG-PGPR-1 and activated the expression of ethylene pathway-related genes, indicating CNBG-PGPR-1 induces methionine accumulation to regulate the ethylene pathway in tomato. Finally, CNBG-PGPR-1 reduced salt-induced ROS by activating ROS scavenger-encoding genes, mainly involved in GSH metabolism and POD-related genes, which were also closely linked to methionine metabolism. Overall, our studies demonstrate that CNBG-PGPR-1-induced methionine is a key regulator in enhancing plant salt tolerance through the ethylene pathway and ROS scavenging, providing a novel understanding of the mechanism by which beneficial microbes improve plant salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuchun Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, China
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Qi Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Dongqin Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Mingyun Jia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Zhaoqi Hou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Quanjin Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Shengdong Ji
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Shifei Sang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Shipeng Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Jinping Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, China
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7
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Bouranis DL, Chorianopoulou SN. Foliar Application of Sulfur-Containing Compounds-Pros and Cons. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3794. [PMID: 38005690 PMCID: PMC10674314 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Sulfate is taken up from the soil solution by the root system; and inside the plant, it is assimilated to hydrogen sulfide, which in turn is converted to cysteine. Sulfate is also taken up by the leaves, when foliage is sprayed with solutions containing sulfate fertilizers. Moreover, several other sulfur (S)-containing compounds are provided through foliar application, including the S metabolites hydrogen sulfide, glutathione, cysteine, methionine, S-methylmethionine, and lipoic acid. However, S compounds that are not metabolites, such as thiourea and lignosulfonates, along with dimethyl sulfoxide and S-containing adjuvants, are provided by foliar application-these are the S-containing agrochemicals. In this review, we elaborate on the fate of these compounds after spraying foliage and on the rationale and the efficiency of such foliar applications. The foliar application of S-compounds in various combinations is an emerging area of agricultural usefulness. In the agricultural practice, the S-containing compounds are not applied alone in spray solutions and the need for proper combinations is of prime importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris L. Bouranis
- Plant Physiology and Morphology Laboratory, Crop Science Department, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece;
- PlanTerra Institute for Plant Nutrition and Soil Quality, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Styliani N. Chorianopoulou
- Plant Physiology and Morphology Laboratory, Crop Science Department, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece;
- PlanTerra Institute for Plant Nutrition and Soil Quality, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
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8
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Perea-Brenes A, Garcia JL, Cantos M, Cotrino J, Gonzalez-Elipe AR, Gomez-Ramirez A, Lopez-Santos C. Germination and First Stages of Growth in Drought, Salinity, and Cold Stress Conditions of Plasma-Treated Barley Seeds. ACS AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 3:760-770. [PMID: 37766795 PMCID: PMC10520973 DOI: 10.1021/acsagscitech.3c00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Numerous works have demonstrated that cold plasma treatments constitute an effective procedure to accelerate seed germination under nonstress conditions. Evidence also exists about a positive effect of plasmas for germination under environmental stress conditions. For barley seeds, this work studies the influence of cold plasma treatments on the germination rate and initial stages of plant growth in common stress environments, such as drought, salinity, and low-temperature conditions. As a general result, it has been found that the germination rate was higher for plasma-treated than for untreated seeds. Plasma also induced favorable changes in plant and radicle dimensions, which depended on the environment. The obtained results demonstrate that plasma affects the biochemical metabolic chains of seeds and plants, resulting in changes in the concentration of biochemical growing factors, a faster germination, and an initially more robust plant growth, even under stress conditions. These changes in phenotype are accompanied by differences in the concentration of biomarkers such as photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls a and b and carotenoids), reactive oxygen species, and, particularly, the amino acid proline in the leaves of young plants, with changes that depend on environmental conditions and the application of a plasma treatment. This supports the idea that, rather than an increase in seed water imbibition capacity, there are clear beneficial effects on seedling of plasma treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Perea-Brenes
- Nanotechnology
on Surfaces and Plasma Laboratory, Institute of Materials Science
of Seville, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41092, Spain
- Department
of Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology
of Seville, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Seville 41012, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Garcia
- Department
of Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology
of Seville, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Seville 41012, Spain
| | - Manuel Cantos
- Department
of Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology
of Seville, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Seville 41012, Spain
| | - Jose Cotrino
- Nanotechnology
on Surfaces and Plasma Laboratory, Institute of Materials Science
of Seville, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41092, Spain
- Departamento
de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41012, Spain
| | - Agustín R. Gonzalez-Elipe
- Nanotechnology
on Surfaces and Plasma Laboratory, Institute of Materials Science
of Seville, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41092, Spain
| | - Ana Gomez-Ramirez
- Nanotechnology
on Surfaces and Plasma Laboratory, Institute of Materials Science
of Seville, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41092, Spain
- Departamento
de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41012, Spain
| | - Carmen Lopez-Santos
- Nanotechnology
on Surfaces and Plasma Laboratory, Institute of Materials Science
of Seville, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41092, Spain
- Departamento
de Física Aplicada I, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41011, Spain
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9
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Mahmoud AWM, Rashad HM, Esmail SEA, Alsamadany H, Abdeldaym EA. Application of Silicon, Zinc, and Zeolite Nanoparticles-A Tool to Enhance Drought Stress Tolerance in Coriander Plants for Better Growth Performance and Productivity. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2838. [PMID: 37570992 PMCID: PMC10421255 DOI: 10.3390/plants12152838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress in arid regions is a serious factor affecting yield quantity and quality of economic crops. Under drought conditions, the application of nano-elements and nano-agents of water retention improved the water use efficiency, growth performance, and yield quantity of drought-stressed plants. For this objective, two field experiments were performed and organized as randomized complete block designs with six replications. The treatments included kaolin (5 t. ha-1) bentonite (12.5 t. ha-1), perlite (1.25 t.ha-1), N-zeolite (1.3 L.ha-1), N-silicon (2.5 L.ha-1), and N-zinc (2.5 L.ha-1). The current study showed that the application of silicon, zinc, and zeolite nanoparticles only positively influenced the morphological, physiological, and biochemical properties of the drought-stressed coriander plant. Exogenous application of N-silicon, N-zinc, and N-zeolite recorded the higher growth parameters of drought-stressed plants; namely, plant fresh weight, plant dry weight, leaf area, and root length than all the other treatments in both seasons. The improvement ratio, on average for both seasons, reached 17.93, 17.93, and 18.85% for plant fresh weight, 73.46, 73.46, and 75.81% for plant dry weight, 3.65, 3.65, and 3.87% for leaf area, and 17.46, 17.46, and 17.16% for root length of drought-stressed plants treated with N-silicon, N-zinc, and N-zeolite, respectively. For physiological responses, the application of N-zeolite, N-silicon, and N-zinc significantly increased leaf chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, water use efficiency, chlorophyll fluorescence, and photosystem II efficiency compared with the control in both seasons, respectively. Similar results were observed in antioxidant compounds, nutrient accumulation, and phytohormones. In contrast, those treatments markedly reduced the value of transpiration rate, nonphotochemical quenching, MDA, ABA, and CAT compared to control plants. Regarding the seed and oil yield, higher seed and oil yields were recorded in drought-stressed plants treated with N-zeolite followed by N-silicon and N-zinc than all the other treatments. Application of N-zeolite, N-silicon and N-zinc could be a promising approach to improve plant growth and productivity as well as to alleviate the adverse impacts of drought stress on coriander plants in arid and semi-arid areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel Wahab M. Mahmoud
- Plant Physiology Division, Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Hassan M. Rashad
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (H.M.R.); (H.A.)
| | - Sanaa E. A. Esmail
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Hameed Alsamadany
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (H.M.R.); (H.A.)
| | - Emad A. Abdeldaym
- Department of Vegetable, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
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10
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Urmi TA, Islam MM, Zumur KN, Abedin MA, Haque MM, Siddiqui MH, Murata Y, Hoque MA. Combined Effect of Salicylic Acid and Proline Mitigates Drought Stress in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) through the Modulation of Physiological Attributes and Antioxidant Enzymes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1438. [PMID: 37507977 PMCID: PMC10375981 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) and proline exhibit protective effects against a wide range of stresses. However, the combined impact of SA and proline on rice under drought stress is still unknown. Therefore, we investigated the protective roles of SA and/or proline in conferring drought tolerance in rice. There were eight treatments comprising the control (T1; 95-100% FC), 1.5 mM SA (T2), 2 mM proline (T3), 0.75 mM SA + 1 mM proline (T4), 45-50% FC (T5, drought stress), T5 + 1.5 mM SA (T6), T5 + 2 mM proline (T7), and T5 + 0.75 mM SA + 1 mM proline (T8), and two rice varieties: BRRI dhan66 and BRRI dhan75. Drought stress significantly decreased the plant growth, biomass, yield attributes, photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (Tr), photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll and carotenoids content), relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI), soluble sugar and starch content, and uptake of N, P and K+ in roots and shoots. Drought-induced oxidative stress in the form of increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production and lipid peroxidation (MDA) was observed. The combined application of SA (0.75 mM) + proline (1 mM) was found to be more effective than the single application of either for drought stress mitigation in rice. A combined dose of SA + proline alleviated oxidative stress through boosting antioxidant enzymatic activity in contrast to their separate application. The application of SA + proline also enhanced proline, soluble sugar and starch content, which resulted in the amelioration of osmotic stress. Consequently, the combined application of SA and proline significantly increased the gas exchange characteristics, photosynthetic pigments, RWC, MSI, nutrient uptake, plant growth, biomass and yield of rice. Therefore, the combined application of SA and proline alleviated the detrimental impacts of drought stress more pronouncedly than their separate application did by increasing osmoprotectants, improving nutrient transport, up-regulating antioxidant enzyme activity and inhibiting oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahmina Akter Urmi
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Moshiul Islam
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
- Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kamrun Naher Zumur
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md Anwarul Abedin
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - M Moynul Haque
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yoshiyuki Murata
- Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Md Anamul Hoque
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
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Khan MSS, Ahmed S, Ikram AU, Hannan F, Yasin MU, Wang J, Zhao B, Islam F, Chen J. Phytomelatonin: A key regulator of redox and phytohormones signaling against biotic/abiotic stresses. Redox Biol 2023; 64:102805. [PMID: 37406579 PMCID: PMC10363481 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants being sessile in nature, are exposed to unwarranted threats as a result of constantly changing environmental conditions. These adverse factors can have negative impacts on their growth, development, and yield. Hormones are key signaling molecules enabling cells to respond rapidly to different external and internal stimuli. In plants, melatonin (MT) plays a critical role in the integration of various environmental signals and activation of stress-response networks to develop defense mechanisms and plant resilience. Additionally, melatonin can tackle the stress-induced alteration of cellular redox equilibrium by regulating the expression of redox hemostasis-related genes and proteins. The purpose of this article is to compile and summarize the scientific research pertaining to MT's effects on plants' resilience to biotic and abiotic stresses. Here, we have summarized that MT exerts a synergistic effect with other phytohormones, for instance, ethylene, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid, and activates plant defense-related genes against phytopathogens. Furthermore, MT interacts with secondary messengers like Ca2+, nitric oxide, and reactive oxygen species to regulate the redox network. This interaction triggers different transcription factors to alleviate stress-related responses in plants. Hence, the critical synergic role of MT with diverse plant hormones and secondary messengers demonstrates phytomelatonin's importance in influencing multiple mechanisms to contribute to plant resilience against harsh environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sulaiman Ahmed
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Aziz Ul Ikram
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Fakhir Hannan
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Umair Yasin
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Biying Zhao
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Faisal Islam
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Jian Chen
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
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12
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Accumulation of Proline in Plants under Contaminated Soils—Are We on the Same Page? Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030666. [PMID: 36978914 PMCID: PMC10045403 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Agricultural soil degradation is occurring at unprecedented rates, not only as an indirect effect of climate change (CC) but also due to intensified agricultural practices which affect soil properties and biodiversity. Therefore, understanding the impacts of CC and soil degradation on plant physiology is crucial for the sustainable development of mitigation strategies to prevent crop productivity losses. The amino acid proline has long been recognized for playing distinct roles in plant cells undergoing osmotic stress. Due to its osmoprotectant and redox-buffering ability, a positive correlation between proline accumulation and plants’ tolerance to abiotic stress has been pointed out in numerous reviews. Indeed, proline quantification is used systematically by plant physiologists as an indicator of the degree of tolerance and a measurement of the antioxidant potential in plants under stressful conditions. Moreover, the exogenous application of proline has been shown to increase resilience to several stress factors, including those related to soil degradation such as salinity and exposure to metals and xenobiotics. However, recent data from several studies often refer to proline accumulation as a signal of stress sensitivity with no clear correlation with improved antioxidant activity or higher stress tolerance, including when proline is used exogenously as a stress reliever. Nevertheless, endogenous proline levels are strongly modified by these stresses, proving its involvement in plant responses. Hence, one main question arises—is proline augmentation always a sign of improved stress resilience? From this perspective, the present review aims to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the implications of proline accumulation in plants under abiotic stress induced by soil degradation factors, reinforcing the idea that proline quantification should not be employed as a sole indicator of stress sensitivity or resilience but rather complemented with further biochemical and physiological endpoints.
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Li G, Li Y, Zhu Y, Zheng W, Li M, Hu J, Fei Y, Zhu S. Exogenous application of melatonin to mitigate drought stress-induced oxidative damage in Phoebe sheareri seedlings. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15159. [PMID: 37090109 PMCID: PMC10117382 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Drought stress is a major prevalent environmental factor impairing growth. Melatonin mitigates the impacts of drought stress on plants. However, melatonin's role in Phoebe sheareri (Hemsl.) Gamble (P. sheareri) is unknown. We aimed to reveal the protective effects of melatonin on P. sheareri seedlings under drought conditions. Methods Melatonin was sprayed under drought or normal water conditions. The parameters, including growth, physiological factors, and phytohormones of P. sheareri, were examined. Results Compared to the normal control group, drought stress inhibited the growth of seedlings and significantly reduced the content of carotenoids, SOD, POD, APX, PPO, CAT, GR, and soluble sugars, and increased the contents of MDA, O2 •-, proline, soluble proteins, ABA, and JA-Me in P. sheareri seedlings. However, melatonin treatment significantly reversed the adverse drought-induced responses and promoted the P. sheareri seedling's growth. Moreover, the heatmap and principal component analysis suggested a high similarity in the behavior patterns of the six measured antioxidant enzymes in P. sheareri seedlings. Conclusion Our study reported for the first time that melatonin has a protective role in P. sheareri seedlings under drought-stress conditions. This role is related to ROS scavenging, activation of antioxidant enzymes, and crosstalk of phytohormones. This study provided a theoretical basis for improving the ability of P. sheareri adapted to arid environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guifang Li
- College of Tourism & Landscape Architecture, Guilin University of Technology/College of Plant and Ecological Engineering, Guilin, China
| | - Yanzhen Li
- College of Tourism & Landscape Architecture, Guilin University of Technology/College of Plant and Ecological Engineering, Guilin, China
| | - Yuzi Zhu
- College of Tourism & Landscape Architecture, Guilin University of Technology/College of Plant and Ecological Engineering, Guilin, China
| | - Wenjun Zheng
- College of Tourism & Landscape Architecture, Guilin University of Technology/College of Plant and Ecological Engineering, Guilin, China
| | - Mengxi Li
- College of Tourism & Landscape Architecture, Guilin University of Technology/College of Plant and Ecological Engineering, Guilin, China
| | - Jinlong Hu
- College of Tourism & Landscape Architecture, Guilin University of Technology/College of Plant and Ecological Engineering, Guilin, China
| | - Yongjun Fei
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Sijia Zhu
- College of Tourism & Landscape Architecture, Guilin University of Technology/College of Plant and Ecological Engineering, Guilin, China
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14
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Mahmoud AWM, Ayad AA, Abdel-Aziz HSM, Williams LL, El-Shazoly RM, Abdel-Wahab A, Abdeldaym EA. Foliar Application of Different Iron Sources Improves Morpho-Physiological Traits and Nutritional Quality of Broad Bean Grown in Sandy Soil. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11192599. [PMID: 36235465 PMCID: PMC9572197 DOI: 10.3390/plants11192599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Nano-fertilizers are a new tool that can be used to address plant production challenges, and it addresses such nutrient deficiencies through smart agriculture approaches. Iron (Fe) is a vital element for several metabolic and physiological processes; however, Fe deficiency is common in poorly fertile soils (sand soil) and in arid areas. Therefore, additional research is required to select the most efficient form of iron absorbance. This research was implemented on broad bean plants (Vicia faba L. var. major Harz) to examine the impact of three iron sources: nano-iron (FeNPs, T1), iron sulfate (T2), and chelated iron (T3) as a foliar spray on the morphological properties, physiological attributes, and nutritional status of these plants compared to the untreated plants (control). The obtained results showed that foliar spraying with FeNPs, chelated iron and sulphate iron fertilizers increased plant height by 35.01%, 26.2, and 20.4%; leaf area by 38.8%, 18.3%, and 8.1%; the fresh weight of the plant by 47%, 32.8%, and 7.3%; the dry weight of the plant by 52.9%, 37.3%, and 11.2%; and the number of branches by 47%, 31.3%, and 25.6 %, respectively, compared to the control treatment (CT). Furthermore, the application of FeNPs, chelated iron, and sulphate iron fertilizers improved the number of pods by 47.9%, 24.8%, and 6.1%; the number of seeds by 32.8%, 7.9%, and 2.8%; and seed weight by 20.8%, 9.1%, and 5.4%, compared to control treatment (CT). Additionally, foliar application of FeNPs showed the highest values of photosynthesis rate (Pn), water-use efficiency (WUE), total chlorophyll, and phytohormones (IAA, GA3) compared to all the other treatments. The anatomical structure revealed an enhancement of leaf size and thickness (epidermis cells and mesophyll tissue) affected by FeNPs treatment compared to other treatments. Foliar application of FeNPs also improved the total content of carbohydrates, crude protein, element content (N, P, K, Ca, Na, Fe, Zn, Mn, and Cu), and some amino acids such as lysine, arginine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, and tyrosine in the seeds of broad beans. Based on the above results, the maximum values of all tested measurements were observed when FeNPs were used as the foliar spraying followed by chelated and sulphate iron fertilizers. Therefore, these findings suggest that using FeNPs, as a foliar treatment, could be a promising strategy for reducing the Fe deficiency in sandy soil and enhancing plant growth, pod yield, and pod quality of broad bean plants in addition to being environmentally favored in arid areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel Wahab M. Mahmoud
- Plant Physiology Division, Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Amira A. Ayad
- Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Hend S. M. Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Leonard L. Williams
- Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Rasha M. El-Shazoly
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, New Valley University, Al-Kharja 72511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Vegetable, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Emad A. Abdeldaym
- Department of Vegetable, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
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