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Aboelghar SM, Hegazy MA, Wagdy HA. Eco-Friendly Synchronous Spectrofluorimetric Method for Simultaneous Determination of Remdesivir and Acetyl Salicylic Acid in Spiked Human Plasma. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03851-1. [PMID: 39150458 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03851-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Remdesivir and acetyl salicylic acid are often co-administered medications in the treatment of COVID-19, specifically targeting the viral infection and thromboembolism associated with the condition. Hence, it is essential to establish a technique that enables the concurrent quantification of these pharmaceutical compounds in plasma while also keeping environmentally friendly methods. Accordingly, the aim of this work is to simultaneously determine remdesivir and acetyl salicylic acid through a bioanalytical validated synchronous spectrofluorimetric method with applying principles of green chemistry. Since, the two drugs showed severe overlap after excitation at 242.0 nm, 284.0 nm for remdesivir and acetyl salicylic acid, respectively. The overlap was effectively overcome by using synchronous mode with a wavelength difference (Δλ) of 160.0 nm for remdesivir and 100.0 nm for acetyl salicylic acid. Different parameters have been optimized such as Δλ, solvent, pH and surfactant. A linear calibration was obtained over the concentration range 0.01-4.00 µg/mL for remdesivir and 0.01-3.00 µg/mL for acetyl salicylic acid and the method was precise and accurate. The method was successfully used for the investigation of pharmaceutical formulation and the quantification of the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of the two drugs. The method has been evaluated as an excellent green analytical method based on three greenness assessment tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohair M Aboelghar
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, P.O. Box 43, El-Sherouk City, Cairo, 11837, Egypt
- Health Research Center of Excellence, Drug Research and Development Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, El-Sherouk City, Egypt
| | - Maha A Hegazy
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr-El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Hebatallah A Wagdy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, P.O. Box 43, El-Sherouk City, Cairo, 11837, Egypt
- Health Research Center of Excellence, Drug Research and Development Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, El-Sherouk City, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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2
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Dupre RA, Smith B, Lloyd SW, Trushenski J. Improved Quantification of Geosmin and 2-Methylisoborneol in Farmed Fish Using Stable Isotope Dilution Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:6735-6743. [PMID: 38533988 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
A requisite to improving the taste and odor attributes of farmed fish is the availability of accurate and practical analytical methods to quantify 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) and geosmin (GSM). Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) enables reliable measurement of nanogram per liter quantities of MIB and GSM in water. In contrast, direct headspace (HS)-SPME of biological matrices with variable proximate compositions can increase bias and uncertainty in off-flavor determinations. Analytical recovery plays a crucial role in the accurate determination of MIB and GSM in fish, and this study investigates strategies to maximize and account for this recovery factor. MIB and GSM values in off-flavor catfish and trout were measured using direct HS-SPME and distillation as sample preparation techniques. Trout samples prepared by distillation yielded 10-fold higher GSM recoveries than those from direct HS-SPME (31% versus 3%). A stable isotope dilution method (SIDM) was implemented by routinely spiking samples with known quantities of deuterium-labeled MIB and GSM, allowing for the correction of sample-to-sample recovery deviations. SIDM-determined GSM values generated recoveries of 106 and 95% for direct HS-SPME and distilled trout, respectively. Aspects of the strategies and techniques presented can be incorporated into existing analytical methods to improve the accuracy and sample throughput. Particularly, routine inclusion of SIDM in the evaluation of MIB and GSM can facilitate identification of reliable practices to control off-flavors in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Adams Dupre
- Food Processing and Sensory Quality Research Unit, Southern Regional Research Center (SRRC), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), 1100 Allen Toussaint Boulevard, New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, United States
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, United States Department of Energy, 1299 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-0117, United States
| | - Brennan Smith
- Food Processing and Sensory Quality Research Unit, Southern Regional Research Center (SRRC), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), 1100 Allen Toussaint Boulevard, New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, United States
| | - Steven W Lloyd
- Food Processing and Sensory Quality Research Unit, Southern Regional Research Center (SRRC), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), 1100 Allen Toussaint Boulevard, New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, United States
| | - Jesse Trushenski
- Riverence Holdings, LLC, 604 West Franklin Street, Boise, Idaho 83702, United States
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Batubara AS, Ainousah BE, Ramzy S, Abdelazim AH, Gamal M, Tony RM. Synchronous spectrofluorimetric determination of favipiravir and aspirin at the nano-gram scale in spiked human plasma; greenness evaluation. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 299:122880. [PMID: 37216820 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Favipiravir and aspirin are co-administered during COVID-19 treatment to prevent venous thromboembolism. For the first time, a spectrofluorometric method has been developed for the simultaneous analysis of favipiravir and aspirin in plasma matrix at nano-gram detection limits. The native fluorescence spectra of favipiravir and aspirin in ethanol showed overlapping emission spectra at 423 nm and 403 nm, respectively, after excitation at 368 nm and 298 nm, respectively. Direct simultaneous determination with normal fluorescence spectroscopy was difficult. The use of synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy for analyzing the studied drugs in ethanol at Δλ = 80 nm improved spectral resolution and enabled the determination of favipiravir and aspirin in the plasma matrix at 437 nm and 384 nm, respectively. The method described allowed sensitive determination of favipiravir and aspirin over a concentration range of 10-500 ng/mL and 35-1600 ng/mL, respectively. The described method was validated with respect to the ICH M10 guidelines and successfully applied for the simultaneous determination of the mentioned drugs in pure form and in the spiked plasma matrix. Moreover, the compliance of the method with the concepts of environmentally friendly analytical chemistry was evaluated using two metrics, the Green Analytical Procedure Index and the AGREE tool. The results showed that the described method was consistent with the accepted metrics for green analytical chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afnan S Batubara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Bayan E Ainousah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sherif Ramzy
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, 11751 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed H Abdelazim
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, 11751 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Gamal
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, 62514 Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Rehab M Tony
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt
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Analytical Chemistry: Tasks, Resolutions and Future Standpoints of the Quantitative Analyses of Environmental Complex Sample Matrices. ANALYTICA 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/analytica3030022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the challenges that analytical chemistry has to face are ever greater and more complex both from the point of view of the selectivity of analytical methods and their sensitivity. This is especially true in quantitative analysis, where various methods must include the development and validation of new materials, strategies, and procedures to meet the growing need for rapid, sensitive, selective, and green methods. In this context, given the International Guidelines, which over time, are updated and which set up increasingly stringent “limits”, constant innovation is required both in the pre-treatment procedures and in the instrumental configurations to obtain reliable, accurate, and reproducible information. In addition, the environmental field certainly represents the greatest challenge, as analytes are often present at trace and ultra-trace levels. These samples containing analytes at ultra-low concentration levels, therefore, require very labor-intensive sample preparation procedures and involve the high consumption of organic solvents that may not be considered “green”. In the literature, in recent years, there has been a strong development of increasingly high-performing sample preparation techniques, often “solvent-free”, as well as the development of hyphenated instrumental configurations that allow for reaching previously unimaginable levels of sensitivity. This review aims to provide an update of the most recent developments currently in use in sample pre-treatment and instrument configurations in the environmental field, also evaluating the role and future developments of analytical chemistry in light of upcoming challenges and new goals yet to be achieved.
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Merone G, Tartaglia A, Rossi S, Santavenere F, Bassotti E, D'Ovidio C, Rosato E, de Grazia U, Locatelli M, Boccio PD, Savini F. Fast LC–MS/MS screening method for the evaluation of drugs, illicit drugs, and other compounds in biological matrices. TALANTA OPEN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2022.100105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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Song Y, Feng XS. Sample Preparation and Analytical Methods for Steroid Hormones in Environmental and Food Samples: An Update Since 2012. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 53:69-87. [PMID: 34152888 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.1936446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Steroid hormones (SHs) have been widely used over the past few decades as both human and veterinary drugs to prevent or treat infectious diseases and anti-inflammatory benefits in clinical. Unfortunately, their residues in foodstuffs and environmental samples can produce adverse effects on human and animal life such as disrupting the endocrine system. For these reasons, sensitive, simple and efficient methods have been developed for the determination of these compounds in various matrices. This critical review summarized the articles published in the period from 2012 to 2019 and can be used to help researchers to understand development of the sample pretreatment protocols and analytical methods used to detect SHs. The developed extraction and purification techniques used for steroids in different samples, such as cloud point extraction, solid phase extraction based on different novel materials, microextraction methods, QuEChERS and other methods are summarized and discussed. Analytical methods used to quantify these compounds, such as different chromatography methods, electrochemical methods, as well as other methods, are illustrated and compared. We focused on the latest advances in SHs pretreatment, and the application of new technologies in SHs analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Song
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xue-Song Feng
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Salve S, Bahiram Y, Jadhav A, Rathod R, Tekade RK. Nanoplatform-Integrated Miniaturized Solid-Phase Extraction Techniques: A Critical Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 53:46-68. [PMID: 34096402 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.1934651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Preparation of the biological samples is one of the most critical steps in sample analysis. In past decades, the liquid-liquid extraction technique has been used to extract the desired analytes from complex biological matrices. However, solid-phase extraction (SPE) gained popularity due to versatility, simplicity, selectivity, reproducibility, high sample recovery %, solvent economy, and time-saving nature. The superior extraction efficiency of SPE can be attributed to the development of advanced techniques, including the nanosorbents technology. The nanosorbent technology significantly simplified the sample preparation, improved the selectivity, diversified the application, and accelerated the sample analysis. This review critically expands on the to-date advancements reported in SPE with particular regards to the nanosorbent technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmita Salve
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Yogita Bahiram
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Amol Jadhav
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Rajeshwari Rathod
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Tekade
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
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Merone GM, Tartaglia A, Rossi S, Santavenere F, Bassotti E, D'Ovidio C, Bonelli M, Rosato E, de Grazia U, Zanardo A, Locatelli M, Savini F. Fast liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of phytocannabinoids in oily based preparations. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 203:114174. [PMID: 34062478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The reported method aims to be a powerful aid for the simultaneous determination of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD), cannabinol (CBN), cannabigerol (CBG), tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), and tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV) in oily based preparations. The chromatographic separation was carried out using an Hypersil Gold PFP (50 × 2.1 mm, 1.9 μm) column, using H2O + 2 mM ammonium formate + 0.2 % formic acid (M1) and Methanol + 2 mM ammonium formate + 0.2 % formic acid (M2) as mobile phases. The flow rate was set 0.4 mL/min. Specifically, this method was validated in terms of linearity, limit of detections and quantifications (LODs and LOQs), accuracy (precision and trueness, both intra and interday), selectivity, and matrix effects. This procedure allowed quantifying seven phytocannabinoids in less than 10 min. The validated method shows a good linearity within the range 0.25-1000 ng/mL, while precision and trueness (intra- and inter-day) were below <13.25 % and 7.59 %, respectively. Regarding the matrix effect, the method satisfies all the requirements, except for the THC and THCV, where it reaches about 120 %. This element does not affect the method performances as it has been observed that this value is constant and reproducible and therefore does not involve errors in the quantitative analysis. The method was tested and applied on more 70 different oily based preparations. Furthermore, starting from four different cannabis cultivar (FM2, Bedrolite, Bedrocan, and Bediol), it allowed to evaluate the reproducibility of the magistrali preparations. The real samples, in fact, derive from different local pharmacies, and were analyzed by the accredited UNI CEI EN ISO/IEC 17025:2018, Pharmatoxicology Laboratory (ACCREDIA, lab n. 2274 ASLPE, accreditation number 1822 L), accordingly to the current regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Merone
- Pharmatoxicology Laboratory - Hospital "Santo Spirito", Via Fonte Romana 8, Pescara, 65124, Italy
| | - A Tartaglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chieti-Pescara "G. d'Annunzio", Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti, 66100, Italy
| | - S Rossi
- Pharmatoxicology Laboratory - Hospital "Santo Spirito", Via Fonte Romana 8, Pescara, 65124, Italy
| | - F Santavenere
- Pharmatoxicology Laboratory - Hospital "Santo Spirito", Via Fonte Romana 8, Pescara, 65124, Italy
| | - E Bassotti
- R&D Department Eureka Lab Division, Chiaravalle, Italy
| | - C D'Ovidio
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Chieti-Pescara "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, 66100, Italy
| | - M Bonelli
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Chieti-Pescara "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, 66100, Italy
| | - E Rosato
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chieti-Pescara "G. d'Annunzio", Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti, 66100, Italy
| | - U de Grazia
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Laboratory of Neurological Biochemistry and Neuropharmacology, Via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - A Zanardo
- Section of Pharmatoxicology - Regional Hospital "Ca' Foncello", Piazzale Ospedale 1, Treviso, 31100, Italy
| | - M Locatelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chieti-Pescara "G. d'Annunzio", Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti, 66100, Italy.
| | - F Savini
- Pharmatoxicology Laboratory - Hospital "Santo Spirito", Via Fonte Romana 8, Pescara, 65124, Italy
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Overview of Sample Preparation and Chromatographic Methods to Analysis Pharmaceutical Active Compounds in Waters Matrices. SEPARATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/separations8020016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the environment, pharmaceutical residues are a field of particular interest due to the adverse effects to either human health or aquatic and soil environment. Because of the diversity of these compounds, at least 3000 substances were identified and categorized into 49 different therapeutic classes, and several actions are urgently required at multiple steps, the main ones: (i) occurrence studies of pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs) in the water cycle; (ii) the analysis of the potential impact of their introduction into the aquatic environment; (iii) the removal/degradation of the pharmaceutical compounds; and, (iv) the development of more sensible and selective analytical methods to their monitorization. This review aims to present the current state-of-the-art sample preparation methods and chromatographic analysis applied to the study of PhACs in water matrices by pinpointing their advantages and drawbacks. Because it is almost impossible to be comprehensive in all PhACs, instruments, extraction techniques, and applications, this overview focuses on works that were published in the last ten years, mainly those applicable to water matrices.
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