1
|
Youssef IM, Elsherbeni AI, Almuraee AA, Nass NM, Beyari EA, Alshammarii NM, Abdel-Ghany AM, Ahmed ESG, Nasr S, Youssef KM, Salem HM, Abd El-Hack ME, Saber HS. Influence of using synbiotics by various routes on Mandarah male chicks: intestinal bacterial counts, gut morphology and histological status. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103601. [PMID: 38503136 PMCID: PMC10966297 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This experiment investigated the influence of different synbiotic processing methods on the intestinal bacterial count, morphology and histological status of developed male Mandarah chicks. Two hundred and ten male Mandarah line chicks aged 1 d were randomized to receive one of 7 chicks. The method and dose for 1-time synbiotics administration to the day-old chicks were as follows: G1: chicks on basal diet received no treatment (control); G2: 0.25 mL synbiotics sprayed; G3: 0.50 mL synbiotics sprayed; G4: 0.25 mL of synbiotics are added to drinking water; G5: 0.50 mL of synbiotics are added to drinking water; G6: 0.25 mL of synbiotics dripped into the mouth; and G7: 0.50 mL of synbiotics dripped into mouth drops. Lactic acid bacteria(LAB) were significantly increased (P<0.0001) compared to the control group and other treated groups and had the maximum values after the use of synbiotics via drinking water (0.25 or 0.50 mL). Furthermore, when comparing the treated birds (G4, G5) with the control birds, the Escherichia coli concentration in the drinking water containing synbiotics was significantly lower. In addition, treated chickens at (G7) showed a higher duodenum, ileum villus height (VH), and VH. - Ileum crypt depth (CD) ratio compared to other groups. In addition, birds treated with 0.50 mL of synbiotics in drinking water (G5) performed better in duodenum, ileum, CD and VH. - CD ratio than the other groups. Meanwhile, intestinal tract length and visceral pH did not differ significantly between groups. It can be concluded that the use of 0.25 mL of synbiotics in drinking water can improve the overall health of birds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Islam M Youssef
- Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed I Elsherbeni
- Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Areej A Almuraee
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada M Nass
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Immunology Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman A Beyari
- Department of Biological Sciences, Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naheda M Alshammarii
- Department of Biological Sciences, Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Abdel-Ghany
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - El-Sayed G Ahmed
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Samia Nasr
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled M Youssef
- Food Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Heba M Salem
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Abd El-Hack
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Hamada S Saber
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huang C, Hernandez CE, Wall H, Tahamtani FM, Ivarsson E, Sun L. Live black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae in feed for laying hens: effects on hen gut microbiota and behavior. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103429. [PMID: 38244264 PMCID: PMC10831256 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effects of including live black soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens) larvae in the diet of laying hens on gut microbiota, and the association between microbiota and fearfulness. A total of 40 Bovans White laying hens were individually housed and fed 1 of 4 dietary treatments that provided 0, 10, 20%, or ad libitum daily dietary portions of live BSF larvae for 12 wk. Cecum microbiota was collected at the end of the experiment and sequenced. Behavioral fear responses to novel objects and open field tests on the same hens were compared against results from gut microbiota analyses. The results showed that the bacteria genera Enterococcus, Parabacteroides, and Ruminococcus torques group were positively associated with increased dietary portion of live larvae, while Lactobacillus, Faecalibacterium, Bifidobacterium, Subdoligranulum, and Butyricicoccus were negatively associated with larvae in the diet. Inclusion of larvae did not affect fear behavior, but the relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae CHKCI001 and Erysipelatoclostridium was associated with fear-related behaviors. Further studies are needed to determine whether the change in gut microbiota affects fearfulness in the long-term.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenxuan Huang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala 75007, Sweden; College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Carlos E Hernandez
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala 75007, Sweden
| | - Helena Wall
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala 75007, Sweden
| | | | - Emma Ivarsson
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala 75007, Sweden
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala 75007, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jiang S, Fu Y, Cheng HW. Daylight exposure and circadian clocks in broilers: part I-photoperiod effect on broiler behavior, skeletal health, and fear response. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103162. [PMID: 37924580 PMCID: PMC10654592 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine effects of various daylight exposure during the 24-h light-dark (L-D) cycle on growth performance, skeletal health, and welfare state in broilers. Environmental photoperiod and related circadian clock, the 24-h L-D cycle, are important factors in maintaining productive performance, pathophysiological homeostasis, and psychological reaction in humans and animals. Currently, various lighting programs as management tools for providing a satisfactory environmental condition have been used in commercial broiler production. Four hundred thirty-two 1-day-old Rose 308 broiler chicks were assigned to 24 pens (18 birds/pen). The pens were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 thermal and lighting control rooms, then the birds were exposed to (n = 6): 1) 12L, 2) 16L, 3) 18L, or 4) 20L at 15 d of age. Lighting program effects on bird body weight, behavioral patterns, bone health, and stress levels were evaluated from d 35 to d 45, respectively. The birds of 12L as well as 16L groups, reared under short photoperiods close to the natural 24-h L-D cycle, had improved production performance, leg bone health, and suppressed stress reaction compared to the birds of both 18L and 20L groups. Especially, 12L birds had heavier final body weight and averaged daily weight gain (P < 0.05), higher BMD and BMC with longer and wider femur (P < 0.05), lower H/L ratio (P < 0.05), and more birds reached the observer during the touch test (P < 0.05) but spent shorter latency during the tonic immobility test (P < 0.05). Taken together, the data suggest that supplying 12 h as well as 16L of daily light improves performance and health while decreasing stress levels in broilers, making it a potentially suitable approach for broiler production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sha Jiang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yuechi Fu
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Heng-Wei Cheng
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Livestock Behavior Research Unit, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mohamed EL Kafoury B, Ebrahim AT, Abd-El Hamid Ali MS, Shaker Mehanna N, Ibrahim Ramadan GES, Ezzat Morsy W. Short chain fatty acids and GIT hormones mitigate gut barrier disruption in high fat diet fed rats supplemented by synbiotics. MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2023; 16:139-163. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-230026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
High fat diet (HFD) predisposes to many metabolic changes; it may disrupt gut barrier integrity and gut microbiota composition. Synbiotic supplementation may promote host’s metabolic health by selective activation of the healthy microorganisms. This study aimed to probe the interaction between synbiotic supplementation, gut microbiota and gut hormones in HFD states. Twenty-seven adult male albino rats, 3 groups, group I: control, group II: HFD received HFD for 12 weeks and group III: synbiotic-supplemented HFD received synbiotic in the last 6 weeks. The anthropometric measurments were measured. Liver transaminases, lipid profile, parameters of insulin resistance, serum serotonin, glucagon like polypeptide-1 (GLP-1), oxidant/antioxidant markers (MDA/GPx), zonulin levels and quantitative cecal short chain fatty acids (SCFA) were assessed. Samples of liver and colon were employed for histopathological studies. Compared to HFD group, synbiotic led to a significant reduction in anthropometric measurements, liver enzymes, atherogenic index, HOMA-IR and MDA denoting improved dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and oxidative state. Moreover, synbiotic supplementation decreased serum zonulin and increased both serum serotonin, GLP-1 and cecal SCFAs. Synbiotic supplementation ameliorated the metabolic derangements and the disturbed integrity of the intestinal barrier induced by HFD. As synbiotics can increase gut hormones (serum GLP-1&serotonin) and SCFAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Asmaa Tarek Ebrahim
- Assistant Lecturer of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal Said Abd-El Hamid Ali
- Assistant Professor of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- Assistant Professor of Physiology, Armed Forces College of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nayra Shaker Mehanna
- Professor of Dairy and Food Microbiology, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Wessam Ezzat Morsy
- Assistant Professor of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- Assistant Professor of Physiology, Armed Forces College of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Feed additives of bacterial origin as an immunoprotective or imunostimulating factor. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2023-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Since January 2006 when using antibiotics as growth promoters in animal feed have been banned scientists are looking for the best resolution to apply alternative substances. Extensive research into the health-promoting properties of probiotics and prebiotics has led to significant interest in the mechanisms of action of the combined administration of these feed additives as a synbiotic. Subsequent research has led to the development of new products. Among the most important health benefits of additives are, inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the GI tract, maintenance of homeostasis, treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases, and increase in immunity. Specific immunomodulatory mechanisms of action are not well understood and the effect is not always positive, though there are no reports of adverse effects of these substances found in the literature. For this reason, research is still being conducted on their proper application. However, due to the difficulties of carrying out research on humans, evidence of the beneficial effect of these additives comes mainly from experiments on animals. The objective of the present work was to assess the effect of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, as well as new additives including postbiotics, proteobiotics, nutribiotics, and pharmabiotics, on specific immunomodulatory mechanisms of action, increase in immunity, the reduction of a broad spectrum of diseases.
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang H, Yang Y, Huang B, Cui Z, Li L. Protective effects of dietary dimethyl itaconate supplementation on oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in broilers under chronic heat stress. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad356. [PMID: 37837639 PMCID: PMC10625653 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary dimethyl itaconate (DI) supplementation on oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in broilers under chronic heat stress (HS). Twenty-one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers (n = 120) were randomly allocated to 5 groups: a control group, HS group, HS + 50 mg/kg DI group, HS + 150 mg/kg DI group, and HS + 200 mg/kg DI group. The birds in the control group received the basal diets and were maintained at 21 ± 1 °C for 24 h daily. The birds in the HS group and HS + DI groups were raised at 32 ± 1 °C for 8 h daily and received basal diets containing DI at the indicated dose (0, 50, 150, or 200 mg/kg). The results showed that the contents of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum were markedly elevated by exposure to chronic HS (P < 0.01), and this elevation was alleviated by 150 and 200 mg/kg DI supplementation (P < 0.05). Chronic HS-induced declines (P < 0.05) in total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and activities of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) in serum were markedly attenuated after 200 mg/kg DI treatment in broilers (P < 0.05). Moreover, broilers subjected to chronic HS exhibited higher contents of MDA, protein carbonyl, and hydrogen peroxide (P < 0.01), but lower T-AOC and activities of antioxidant enzymes (P < 0.05), as well as reduced inhibition of superoxide and hydroxyl free radicals (P < 0.01) in the liver compared to the control group; these changes were effectively mitigated by treatment with 200 mg/kg DI in broilers (P < 0.05). In addition, 50-200 mg/kg DI effectively ameliorated chronic HS-stimulated upregulation of the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory mediators in the livers of broilers (P < 0.01). Dietary supplementation with 150 and 200 mg/kg DI significantly alleviated chronic HS challenge-induced upregulation of the mRNA levels of Bcl-2-associated X, caspase 3, and caspase 9 (P < 0.01), but downregulation of Bcl-2 mRNA levels (P < 0.01) in broilers (P < 0.05). Importantly, chronic HS-induced downregulation of the mRNA or protein levels of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF-2), NADPH quinone acceptor oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), SOD2, or glutathione-S-transferases (GST) (P < 0.01) was markedly improved by 150 and 200 mg/kg DI (P < 0.05). The above results indicated that DI can ameliorate oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in broilers under chronic HS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Benzeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ziyi Cui
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Longlong Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu YL, Ding KN, Shen XL, Liu HX, Zhang YA, Liu YQ, He YM, Tang LP. Chronic heat stress promotes liver inflammation in broilers via enhancing NF-κB and NLRP3 signaling pathway. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:289. [PMID: 35871002 PMCID: PMC9308265 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03388-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study investigated the effects of chronic heat stress on liver inflammatory injury and its potential mechanisms in broilers. Chickens were randomly assigned to the 1-week control group (Control 1), 1-week heat stress group (HS1), 2-week control group (Control 2), and a 2-week heat stress group (HS2) with 15 replicates per group. Broilers in the heat stress groups were exposed to heat stress (35 ± 2 °C) for 8 h/d for 7 or 14 consecutive days, and the rest of 26 hours/day were kept at 23 ± 2 °C like control group broilers. Growth performance and liver inflammatory injury were examined for the analysis of liver injury. Results The results showed that heat stress for 2 weeks decreased the growth performance, reduced the liver weight (P < 0.05) and liver index (P < 0.05), induced obvious bleeding and necrosis points. Liver histological changes found that the heat stress induced the liver infiltration of neutrophils and lymphocytes in broilers. Serum levels of AST and SOD were enhanced in HS1 (P < 0.01, P < 0.05) and HS2 (P < 0.01, P < 0.05) group, compared with control 1 and 2 group broilers. The MDA content in HS1 group was higher than that of in control 1 group broilers (P < 0.05). Both the gene and protein expression levels of HSP70, TLR4 and NF-κB in the liver were significantly enhanced by heat stress. Furthermore, heat stress obviously enhanced the expression of IL-6, TNF-α, NF-κB P65, IκB and their phosphorylated proteins in the livers of broilers. In addition, heat stress promoted the activation of NLRP3 with increased NLRP3, caspase-1 and IL-1β levels. Conclusions These results suggested that heat stress can cause liver inflammation via activation of the TLR4-NF-κB and NLRP3 signaling pathways in broilers. With the extension of heat stress time, the effect of heat stress on the increase of NF-κB and NLRP3 signaling pathways tended to slow down. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12917-022-03388-0.
Collapse
|
8
|
Multifaceted role of synbiotics as nutraceuticals, therapeutics and carrier for drug delivery. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 368:110223. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
9
|
Oladokun S, Adewole DI. Biomarkers of heat stress and mechanism of heat stress response in Avian species: Current insights and future perspectives from poultry science. J Therm Biol 2022; 110:103332. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2022.103332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
10
|
Mohammed A, Hu J, Murugesan R, Cheng HW. Effects of a synbiotic as an antibiotic alternative on behavior, production performance, cecal microbial ecology, and jejunal histomorphology of broiler chickens under heat stress. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274179. [PMID: 36170274 PMCID: PMC9518870 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine if synbiotics present similar efficiency to a common antibiotic used in poultry production under heat stress (HS) conditions. Two hundred and forty-one-day-old male Ross 708 broiler chicks were distributed among 3 treatments with 8 pens per treatment of 80 birds each for a 42-day trial. From day 15, birds were heat stressed (32°C for 9 h daily, HS) and fed the basal diet (CONT), the basal diet mixed with an antibiotic (Bactiracin Methylene Disalicylate) (0.05 g/kg of feed, BMD) or a synbiotic (0.5 g/kg of feed, SYN). The treatment effects on bird behavior, production performance, jejunal histomorphology, and cecal microbial ecology were examined. Behavioral observation was recorded by using instantaneous scan sampling technique. Production parameters were measured on day 14, 28, and 42. Cecal microbial populations of Escherichia coli and Lactobacilli and jejunal histomorphological parameters were measured at day 42. The results showed that, SYN birds exhibited more feeding and preening but less drinking and panting behaviors compared with both BMD and CONT birds (P < 0.05). The SYN birds also had higher body weight (BW) at both day 28 and 42 compared to CONT birds (P < 0.05). At the end of the experiment, the counts of Escherichia coli of SYN birds were at the similar levels of BMD but were lower than that of CONT birds (P < 0.05); while there were no treatment effects on the populations of Lactobacilli (P > 0.05). In addition, SYN birds had greater villus height compared with both CONT and BMD birds (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that the dietary synbiotic supplement has significant performance and welfare benefits, with the potential to be used as an alternative to antibiotics for poultry meat production, especially during hot seasons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mohammed
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal and Poultry Behavior and Management, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Jiaying Hu
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
| | - Raj Murugesan
- BIOMIN America, Inc., Overland Park, KS, United States of America
| | - Heng-Wei Cheng
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Nguyen TT, Nguyen PT, Pham MN, Razafindralambo H, Hoang QK, Nguyen HT. Synbiotics: a New Route of Self-production and Applications to Human and Animal Health. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2022; 14:980-993. [PMID: 35650337 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-09960-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Synbiotics are preparations in which prebiotics are added to probiotics to achieve superior performance and benefits on the host. A new route of their formation is to induce the prebiotic biosynthesis within the probiotic for synbiotic self-production or autologous synbiotics. The aim of this review paper is first to overview the basic concept and (updated) definitions of synergistic synbiotics, and then to focus particularly on the prebiotic properties of probiotic wall components while describing the environmental factors/stresses that stimulate autologous synbiotics, that is, the biosynthesis of prebiotic-forming microcapsule by probiotic bacteria, and finally to present some of their applications to human and animal health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thi-Tho Nguyen
- Hutech Institute of Applied Science, HUTECH University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Phu-Tho Nguyen
- An Giang University, An Giang, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Minh-Nhut Pham
- Hutech Institute of Applied Science, HUTECH University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Quoc-Khanh Hoang
- Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Huu-Thanh Nguyen
- An Giang University, An Giang, Vietnam.
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
The Impact of Probiotic Bacillus subtilis on Injurious Behavior in Laying Hens. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12070870. [PMID: 35405859 PMCID: PMC8997090 DOI: 10.3390/ani12070870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Injurious behavior prevention is a critical issue in the poultry industry due to increasing social stress, leading to negative effects on bird production and survivability, consequently enhancing gut microbiota dysbiosis and neuroinflammation via the microbiota–gut–brain axis. Probiotics have been used as potential therapeutic psychobiotics to treat or improve neuropsychiatric disorders or symptoms by boosting cognitive and behavioral processes and reducing stress reactions in humans and various experimental animals. The current data will first report that probiotic Bacillus subtilis reduces stress-induced injurious behavior in laying hens via regulating microbiota–gut–brain function with the potential to be an alternative to beak trimming during poultry egg production. Abstract Intestinal microbiota functions such as an endocrine organ to regulate host physiological homeostasis and behavioral exhibition in stress responses via regulating the gut–brain axis in humans and other mammals. In humans, stress-induced dysbiosis of the gut microbiota leads to intestinal permeability, subsequently affecting the clinical course of neuropsychiatric disorders, increasing the frequency of aggression and related violent behaviors. Probiotics, as direct-fed microorganism, have been used as dietary supplements or functional foods to target gut microbiota (microbiome) for the prevention or therapeutic treatment of mental diseases including social stress-induced psychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety, impulsivity, and schizophrenia. Similar function of the probiotics may present in laying hens due to the intestinal microbiota having a similar function between avian and mammals. In laying hens, some management practices such as hens reared in conventional cages or at a high stocking density may cause stress, leading to injurious behaviors such as aggressive pecking, severe feather pecking, and cannibalism, which is a critical issue facing the poultry industry due to negative effects on hen health and welfare with devastating economic consequences. We discuss the current development of using probiotic Bacillus subtilis to prevent or reduce injurious behavior in laying hens.
Collapse
|
13
|
Antidiabetic Effects of Pediococcus acidilactici pA1c on HFD-Induced Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030692. [PMID: 35277051 PMCID: PMC8839473 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Prediabetes (PreD), which is associated with impaired glucose tolerance and fasting blood glucose, is a potential risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Growing evidence suggests the role of the gastrointestinal microbiota in both PreD and T2D, which opens the possibility for a novel nutritional approach, based on probiotics, for improving glucose regulation and delaying disease progression of PreD to T2D. In this light, the present study aimed to assess the antidiabetic properties of Pediococcus acidilactici (pA1c) in a murine model of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced T2D. For that purpose, C57BL/6 mice were given HFD enriched with either probiotic (1 × 1010 CFU/day) or placebo for 12 weeks. We determined body weight, fasting blood glucose, glucose tolerance, HOMA-IR and HOMA-β index, C-peptide, GLP-1, leptin, and lipid profile. We also measured hepatic gene expression (G6P, PEPCK, GCK, IL-1β, and IL-6) and examined pancreatic and intestinal histology (% of GLP-1+ cells, % of goblet cells and villus length). We found that pA1c supplementation significantly attenuated body weight gain, mitigated glucose dysregulation by reducing fasting blood glucose levels, glucose tolerance test, leptin levels, and insulin resistance, increased C-peptide and GLP-1 levels, enhanced pancreatic function, and improved intestinal histology. These findings indicate that pA1c improved HFD-induced T2D derived insulin resistance and intestinal histology, as well as protected from body weight increase. Together, our study proposes that pA1c may be a promising new dietary management strategy to improve metabolic disorders in PreD and T2D.
Collapse
|
14
|
Sugiharto S. Dietary strategies to alleviate high-stocking-density-induced stress in broiler chickens – a comprehensive review. Arch Anim Breed 2022; 65:21-36. [PMID: 35106363 PMCID: PMC8795885 DOI: 10.5194/aab-65-21-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Stocking broilers at a high density has been a strategy to optimize the area
of the cage and hence increase the efficiency of broiler production. If the
environmental (microclimate) conditions and rearing management are not
properly managed, stocking broilers at a high density may, however, result in
stressful conditions that are harmful for the production, health and welfare
of broilers. To ameliorate these unfavorable effects of overcrowding
stress, dietary interventions have been conducted. Probiotics, prebiotics,
synbiotics, plant-derived products, vitamins, propolis, amino acids, fatty
acids, etc. have been supplemented in diets to deal with the harmful impact
of stress induced by a high stocking density of broilers. This review
covers the detrimental effects of overcrowding-induced stress on broiler
development and attempts to ameliorate those negative effects by
dietary interventions.
Collapse
|
15
|
Ha SH, Kang HK, Hosseindoust A, Mun JY, Moturi J, Tajudeen H, Lee H, Cheong EJ, Kim JS. Effects of Scopoletin Supplementation and Stocking Density on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Activity, and Meat Quality of Korean Native Broiler Chickens. Foods 2021; 10:foods10071505. [PMID: 34209795 PMCID: PMC8305197 DOI: 10.3390/foods10071505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stocking density stress is one of the most common management stressors in the poultry industry. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of dietary Sophora koreensis (SK; 0 and 20 mg/kg diet) and stocking density (SD; 14 and 16 chickens/m2) on the antioxidant status, meat quality, and growth performance of native Korean chickens. There was a lower concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and a higher concentration of catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and total antioxidant capacity in the serum and leg muscle with the supplementation of SK. The concentration of MDA was increased and concentrations of SOD were decreased in the leg muscle of chickens in low SD treatments. The SK-supplemented treatments showed an increased 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate-reducing activity of leg muscles. The higher water holding capacity of breast muscle and a lower cooking loss and pH were shown in the SK-supplemented treatments. The addition of dietary SK resulted in a greater body weight gain and greater spleen and bursa Fabricius weight, as well as lower feed intake and abdominal fat. The low SD and supplementation of SK increased the concentrations of cholesterol. The concentration of glucose was increased in the low SD treatment. Corticosterone level was decreased in the SK-supplemented and low SD treatments. In conclusion, SK supplementation reduced the oxidative stress and increased meat quality and antioxidant status of chickens apart from the SD stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hun Ha
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (S.H.H.); (A.H.); (J.Y.M.); (J.M.); (H.T.)
| | - Hwan Ku Kang
- Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Pyeongchang 25342, Korea;
| | - Abdolreza Hosseindoust
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (S.H.H.); (A.H.); (J.Y.M.); (J.M.); (H.T.)
- Department of Animal Industry Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Jun Young Mun
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (S.H.H.); (A.H.); (J.Y.M.); (J.M.); (H.T.)
| | - Joseph Moturi
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (S.H.H.); (A.H.); (J.Y.M.); (J.M.); (H.T.)
| | - Habeeb Tajudeen
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (S.H.H.); (A.H.); (J.Y.M.); (J.M.); (H.T.)
| | - Hwa Lee
- Department of Forest Environmental System, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
| | - Eun Ju Cheong
- Department of Forest Environmental System, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
- Correspondence: (E.J.C.); (J.S.K.)
| | - Jin Soo Kim
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (S.H.H.); (A.H.); (J.Y.M.); (J.M.); (H.T.)
- Department of Animal Industry Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
- Correspondence: (E.J.C.); (J.S.K.)
| |
Collapse
|