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Ryan CA, Purfield DC, Matthews D, Canedo-Ribeiro C, Valldecabres A, Berry DP. Prevalence of sex-chromosome aneuploidy estimated using SNP genotype intensity information in a large population of juvenile dairy and beef cattle. J Anim Breed Genet 2024; 141:571-585. [PMID: 38551070 DOI: 10.1111/jbg.12866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Aneuploidy is a genetic condition characterized by the loss or gain of one or more chromosomes. Aneuploidy affecting the sex chromosomes can lead to infertility in otherwise externally phenotypically normal cattle. Early identification of cattle with sex chromosomal aneuploidy is important to minimize the costs associated with rearing infertile cattle and futile breeding attempts. As most livestock breeding programs routinely genotype their breeding populations using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays, this study aimed to assess the feasibility of integrating an aneuploidy screening tool into the existing pipelines that handle dense SNP genotype data. A further objective was to estimate the prevalence of sex chromosome aneuploidy in a population of 146,431 juvenile cattle using available genotype intensity data. Three genotype intensity statistics were used: the LogR Ratio (LRR), R-value (the sum of X and Y SNP probe intensities), and B-allele frequency (BAF) measurements. Within the female-verified population of 124,958 individuals, the estimated prevalence rate was 0.0048% for XO, 0.0350% for XXX, and 0.0004% for XXY. The prevalence of XXY in the male-verified population was 0.0870% (i.e., 18 out of 20,670 males). Cytogenetic testing was used to verify 2 of the XXX females who were still alive. The proposed approach can be readily integrated into existing genomic pipelines, serving as an efficient, large-scale screening tool for aneuploidy. Its implementation could enable the early identification of infertile animals with sex-chromosome aneuploidy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cliona A Ryan
- Teagasc, Moorepark, Fermoy, County Cork, Ireland
- Munster Technological University, Cork, County Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Daragh Matthews
- Irish Cattle Breeding Federation, Ballincollig, County Cork, Ireland
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Bernegossi AM, Galindo DJ, Peres PHF, Vozdova M, Cernohorska H, Kubickova S, Kadlcikova D, Rubes J, Duarte JMB. Comparative karyotype analysis of the red brocket deer (M. americana sensu lato and M. rufa) complex: evidence of drastic chromosomal evolution and implications on speciation process. J Appl Genet 2024; 65:601-614. [PMID: 38662189 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-024-00861-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Chromosomal rearrangements are often associated with playing a role in the speciation process. However, the underlying mechanism that favors the genetic isolation associated with chromosomal changes remains elusive. In this sense, the genus Mazama is recognized by its high level of karyotype diversity among species with similar morphology. A cryptic species complex has been identified within the genus, with the red brocket deer (Mazama americana and Mazama rufa) being the most impressive example. The chromosome variation was clustered in cytotypes with diploid numbers ranging from 42 to 53 and was correlated with geographical location. We conducted an analysis of chromosome evolution of the red brocket deer complex using comparative chromosome painting and Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) clones among different cytotypes. The aim was to deepen our understanding of the karyotypic relationships within the red brocket, thereby elucidating the significant chromosome variation among closely related species. This underscores the significance of chromosome changes as a key evolutionary process shaping their genomes. The results revealed the presence of three distinct cytogenetic lineages characterized by significant karyotypic divergence, suggesting the existence of efficient post-zygotic barriers. Tandem fusions constitute the main mechanism driving karyotype evolution, following a few centric fusions, inversion X-autosomal fusions. The BAC mapping has improved our comprehension of the karyotypic relationships within the red brocket deer complex, prompting questions regarding the role of these changes in the speciation process. We propose the red brocket as a model group to investigate how chromosomal changes contribute to isolation and explore the implications of these changes in taxonomy and conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agda Maria Bernegossi
- Deer Research and Conservation Center (NUPECCE), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil
| | - David Javier Galindo
- Deer Research and Conservation Center (NUPECCE), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, National University of San Marcos, San Borja, 15021, Lima, Peru.
| | - Pedro Henrique Faria Peres
- Deer Research and Conservation Center (NUPECCE), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Miluse Vozdova
- Central European Institute of Technology-Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Halina Cernohorska
- Central European Institute of Technology-Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Svatava Kubickova
- Central European Institute of Technology-Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dita Kadlcikova
- Central European Institute of Technology-Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Rubes
- Central European Institute of Technology-Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - José Maurício Barbanti Duarte
- Deer Research and Conservation Center (NUPECCE), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil.
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Jacinto JGP, Letko A, Häfliger IM, Drögemüller C, Agerholm JS. Congenital syndromic Chiari-like malformation (CSCM) in Holstein cattle: towards unravelling of possible genetic causes. Acta Vet Scand 2024; 66:29. [PMID: 38965607 PMCID: PMC11229497 DOI: 10.1186/s13028-024-00752-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chiari malformation type II (CMII) was originally reported in humans as a rare disorder characterized by the downward herniation of the hindbrain and towering cerebellum. The congenital brain malformation is usually accompanied by spina bifida, a congenital spinal anomaly resulting from incomplete closure of the dorsal aspect of the spinal neural tube, and occasionally by other lesions. A similar disorder has been reported in several animal species, including cattle, particularly as a congenital syndrome. A cause of congenital syndromic Chiari-like malformation (CSCM) in cattle has not been reported to date. We collected a series of 14 CSCM-affected Holstein calves (13 purebred, one Red Danish Dairy F1 cross) and performed whole-genome sequencing (WGS). WGS was performed on 33 cattle, including eight cases with parents (trio-based; group 1), three cases with one parent (group 2), and three single cases (solo-based; group 3). RESULTS Sequencing-based genome-wide association study of the 13 Holstein calves with CSCM and 166 controls revealed no significantly associated genome region. Assuming a single Holstein breed-specific recessive allele, no region of shared homozygosity was detected suggesting heterogeneity. Subsequent filtering for protein-changing variants that were only homozygous in the genomes of the individual cases allowed the identification of two missense variants affecting different genes, SHC4 in case 4 in group 1 and WDR45B in case 13 in group 3. Furthermore, these two variants were only observed in Holstein cattle when querying WGS data of > 5,100 animals. Alternatively, potential de novo mutational events were assessed in each case. Filtering for heterozygous private protein-changing variants identified one DYNC1H1 frameshift variant as a candidate causal dominant acting allele in case 12 in group 3. Finally, the presence of larger structural DNA variants and chromosomal abnormalities was investigated in all cases. Depth of coverage analysis revealed two different partial monosomies of chromosome 2 segments in cases 1 and 7 in group 1 and a trisomy of chromosome 12 in the WDR45B homozygous case 13 in group 3. CONCLUSIONS This study presents for the first time a detailed genomic evaluation of CSCM in Holstein cattle and suggests an unexpected genetic and allelic heterogeneity considering the mode of inheritance, as well as the type of variant. For the first time, we propose candidate causal variants that may explain bovine CSCM in a certain proportion of affected calves. We present cattle as a large animal model for human CMII and propose new genes and genomic variants as possible causes for related diseases in both animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Goncalves Pontes Jacinto
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
- Clinic for Ruminants, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Anna Letko
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Irene Monika Häfliger
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Cord Drögemüller
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3012, Switzerland.
| | - Jørgen Steen Agerholm
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegaard Allé 5A, Taastrup, 2630, Denmark
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Iannuzzi A, Demyda-Peyrás S, Pistucci R, Morales R, Zannotti M, Sbarra F, Quaglia A, Parma P. A genomic biomarker for the rapid identification of the rob(1;29) translocation in beef cattle breeds. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2951. [PMID: 38316831 PMCID: PMC10844278 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53232-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Robertsonian translocations, specifically rob(1;29) translocation, have reportedly been the most prevalent chromosomal abnormalities in cattle, affecting various breeds and leading to a decrease in fertility and reproductive value. Currently, the identification of rob(1;29) carriers relies on cytogenetic analysis that has limitations in terms of accessibility, cost, and sample requirements. To address these limitations, a novel genomic biomarker was developed in this study for the rapid and precise identification of rob(1;29) carriers. Using q-PCR, a specific copy number variation associated with translocation was targeted, which effectively distinguished between wild-type, homozygous and heterozygous carriers. Crucially, the biomarker can be applied to DNA extracted from various biological matrices, such as semen, embryos, oocytes, milk, saliva, coat, and muscle, and it is compatible with fresh, refrigerated, or frozen samples. Furthermore, this approach offers significant reductions in cost compared to those associated with traditional cytogenetic analysis and provides results within a short turnaround time. The successful development of this genomic biomarker has considerable potential for widespread adoption in screening programs. It facilitates timely identification and management of rob(1;29) carriers while mitigating economic losses and preserving genetic integrity in bovine populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Iannuzzi
- Institute for Animal Production System in Mediterranean Environment, National Research Council, 80055, Portici, Italy.
| | - Sebastián Demyda-Peyrás
- Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus Rabanales, 14014, Córdoba, Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacionald E La Plata, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Ramona Pistucci
- Institute for Animal Production System in Mediterranean Environment, National Research Council, 80055, Portici, Italy
| | - Rosa Morales
- Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus Rabanales, 14014, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Michele Zannotti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Fiorella Sbarra
- National Association of Italian Beef-Cattle Breeders (ANABIC), 06132, San Martino in Colle, Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrea Quaglia
- National Association of Italian Beef-Cattle Breeders (ANABIC), 06132, San Martino in Colle, Perugia, Italy
| | - Pietro Parma
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan, 20133, Milan, Italy
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5
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Cortellari M, Bionda A, Liotta L, Sbarra F, Parma P, Crepaldi P. Identification of a common haplotype in carriers of rob(1;29) in 32 Italian cattle breeds. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2057. [PMID: 38267480 PMCID: PMC10808231 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46341-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Robertsonian translocation 1;29 (rob(1;29)), a widespread chromosomal anomaly affecting cattle fertility, appears to have originated from a common ancestor. This study utilizes routine SNP data to investigate the chromosomal region associated with rob(1;29) and confirm the presence of a shared haplotype among carriers in diverse Italian breeds. Three datasets were employed: Dataset 1 included 151 subjects from 5 beef cattle breeds genotyped with the GGP Bovine 33 k SNP chip; Dataset 2 encompassed 800 subjects from 32 Italian breeds genotyped with the Illumina 50 k SNP chip, sourced from the BOVITA dataset; Dataset 3 combined Dataset 2 with 21 karyologically tested subjects from breeds with a high carrier frequency, genotyped using the Affymetrix 65 K SNP chip. FST analysis pinpointed a distinctive genomic region on the first six Mb of BTA29, the centromeric region involved in the translocation. Haplotype comparisons within this non-recombining region revealed a common haplotype shared among all carriers, supporting the theory of a common ancestor. Principal component and haplotype analysis allowed clear differentiation of rob(1;29) homozygous and heterozygous carriers. Expanding to Dataset 2 revealed rob(1;29) carriers in unexpected breeds, all sharing the same ancestral haplotype. Notably, previously untested breeds, including Cinisara, exhibited a high carrier prevalence (nearly 50%), confirmed by karyological analysis. This study validates the presence of a shared haplotype among all identified rob(1;29) carriers, reinforcing the common ancestor theory as the origin of this translocation's spread throughout the cattle population. Furthermore, it underscores the potential of SNP data analysis as a rapid, accurate, and cost-effective tool for broad rob(1;29) screening, given the translocation's consistent nature across all analyzed breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Cortellari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali-Produzione, Territorio, Agroenergia, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Bionda
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali-Produzione, Territorio, Agroenergia, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Luigi Liotta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci 13, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Fiorella Sbarra
- National Association of Italian Beef-Cattle Breeders (ANABIC), 06132, San Martino in Colle, Perugia, Italy
| | - Pietro Parma
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali-Produzione, Territorio, Agroenergia, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Crepaldi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali-Produzione, Territorio, Agroenergia, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
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Aponte PM, Gutierrez-Reinoso MA, Garcia-Herreros M. Bridging the Gap: Animal Models in Next-Generation Reproductive Technologies for Male Fertility Preservation. Life (Basel) 2023; 14:17. [PMID: 38276265 PMCID: PMC10820126 DOI: 10.3390/life14010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This review aims to explore advanced reproductive technologies for male fertility preservation, underscoring the essential role that animal models have played in shaping these techniques through historical contexts and into modern applications. Rising infertility concerns have become more prevalent in human populations recently. The surge in male fertility issues has prompted advanced reproductive technologies, with animal models playing a pivotal role in their evolution. Historically, animal models have aided our understanding in the field, from early reproductive basic research to developing techniques like artificial insemination, multiple ovulation, and in vitro fertilization. The contemporary landscape of male fertility preservation encompasses techniques such as sperm cryopreservation, testicular sperm extraction, and intracytoplasmic sperm injection, among others. The relevance of animal models will undoubtedly bridge the gap between traditional methods and revolutionary next-generation reproductive techniques, fortifying our collective efforts in enhancing male fertility preservation strategies. While we possess extensive knowledge about spermatogenesis and its regulation, largely thanks to insights from animal models that paved the way for human infertility treatments, a pressing need remains to further understand specific infertility issues unique to humans. The primary aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive analysis of how animal models have influenced the development and refinement of advanced reproductive technologies for male fertility preservation, and to assess their future potential in bridging the gap between current practices and cutting-edge fertility techniques, particularly in addressing unique human male factor infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro M. Aponte
- Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales (COCIBA), Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Quito 170901, Ecuador
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biomedicina “One-Health”, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Campus Cumbayá, Quito 170901, Ecuador
| | - Miguel A. Gutierrez-Reinoso
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales, Carrera de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC), Latacunga 050150, Ecuador;
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal, Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción (UdeC), Chillán 3780000, Chile
| | - Manuel Garcia-Herreros
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV), 2005-048 Santarém, Portugal
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Iannuzzi A, Pistucci R, Perucatti A, Zannotti M, Iannuzzi L, Parma P. Characterization of Robertsonian and Reciprocal Translocations in Cattle through NGS. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3018. [PMID: 37835624 PMCID: PMC10571785 DOI: 10.3390/ani13193018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study presents a novel approach that combines next-generation sequencing (NGS) and cytogenetic technologies for identifying chromosomes involved in chromosomal anomalies. This research focuses on a chromosome anomaly discovered in male Alpine Grey cattle, as well as two previously reported cases of reciprocal translocations (rcps), namely rcp(9;11) and rcp(4;7). Abnormal chromosomes from Alpine Grey cattle were microdissected from conventional preparations, and the amplified products were sequenced using NGS. The sequencing reads were then mapped to the reference genome, and the leverage effect was calculated to identify abnormal reads/Mb values. The result revealed the presence of rob(26;29), which was further confirmed through traditional cytogenetic analyses such as Giemsa staining, CBA-banding, RBA-banding, and FISH techniques. Furthermore, the feasibility of this approach on preserved metaphases was demonstrated through analysis of old slides from previously characterized cases. The study highlights the challenges involved in identifying and characterizing chromosomal aberrations in bovine species and offers a potential solution for analyzing historical anomalies when fresh blood material is unavailable. The combination of NGS and cytogenetic techniques provides a cost-effective and reliable approach for characterizing chromosomal anomalies in various species, including those identified before the availability of modern banding technologies and FISH mapping using specific molecular markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Iannuzzi
- Institute for Animal Production System in Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), 80055 Portici, Italy; (R.P.); (A.P.); (L.I.)
| | - Ramona Pistucci
- Institute for Animal Production System in Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), 80055 Portici, Italy; (R.P.); (A.P.); (L.I.)
| | - Angela Perucatti
- Institute for Animal Production System in Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), 80055 Portici, Italy; (R.P.); (A.P.); (L.I.)
| | - Michele Zannotti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.Z.); (P.P.)
| | - Leopoldo Iannuzzi
- Institute for Animal Production System in Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), 80055 Portici, Italy; (R.P.); (A.P.); (L.I.)
| | - Pietro Parma
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.Z.); (P.P.)
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8
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Heidari F, Rahbaran M, Mirzaei A, Mozafari Tabatabaei M, Shokrpoor S, Mahjoubi F, Ara MS, Akbarinejad V, Gharagozloo F. The study of a hermaphroditic sheep caused by a mutation in the promoter of SRY gene. Vet Anim Sci 2023; 21:100308. [PMID: 37593675 PMCID: PMC10428133 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2023.100308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In mammals, sex-determining region Y (SRY) gene plays vital role as a transcription factor to regulate the expression of the genes contributing to development of male genitals. Any mutation disrupting expression of SRY gene can cause disorders of sex development (DSDs). In this study, the examination of a hermaphroditic (female-like) Shal sheep which was referred for infertility is described. Initially, the reproductive system of the sheep was histologically and anatomically assessed. Karyotyping was used to determine the real gender of the animal. Sex hormones including progesterone, estradiol, and testosterone were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Eventually, promoter part and SRY gene were sequenced and aligned to detect any potential mutation using NCBI data base. Although anatomical inspection led to identification of uterus, ovary, and enlarged clitoris as well as testes in the sheep, the karyotyping results interestingly revealed that the animal was genetically a male. Although the sheep had both male and female gonads, there were no overt signs of reproductive behavior and gamete production was not observed. Plasma steroid hormone levels were reported to be at basal levels. Additionally, a mutation was detected on the promoter of the SRY gene. In conclusion, the case implies that mutation on the promoter part of SRY gene could disrupt sexual development of the fetus culminating in DSDs in the sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid Heidari
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohaddeseh Rahbaran
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asieh Mirzaei
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehran Mozafari Tabatabaei
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Animal Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sara Shokrpoor
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Frouzandeh Mahjoubi
- Department of Medical Genetic, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Shams Ara
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Akbarinejad
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faramarz Gharagozloo
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Kępka K, Wójcik E, Wysokińska A. Assessment of the genomic stability of calves obtained from artificial insemination and OPU/IVP in vitro fertilization. Reprod Domest Anim 2023; 58:1289-1297. [PMID: 37475181 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Damage to genetic material and errors in the functioning of cellular mechanisms disturb genome stability and integrity. Assessment of genomic stability in animals is a very important aspect of breeding work. Unfortunately, harmful instabilities affect the functioning, health and reproductive processes of animals. Obtaining healthy calves is a priority, whatever methods of reproductive biotechnology are applied. The aim of the study was to assess the genomic stability of calves obtained from artificial insemination and OPU/IVP in vitro fertilization. The genomic stability of the calves was evaluated using the comet, sister chromatid exchange, and fragile sites assays. Damage to the genetic material of calves obtained by two reproductive biotechnologies was identified. Identification of instability in animals can be a valuable tool in breeding work and accelerate breeding progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kępka
- Institute of Animal Science and Fisheries, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland
| | - Ewa Wójcik
- Institute of Animal Science and Fisheries, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland
| | - Anna Wysokińska
- Institute of Animal Science and Fisheries, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland
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10
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Jourdain J, Barasc H, Faraut T, Calgaro A, Bonnet N, Marcuzzo C, Suin A, Barbat A, Hozé C, Besnard F, Taussat S, Grohs C, Kuchly C, Iampietro C, Donnadieu C, Pinton A, Boichard D, Capitan A. Large-scale detection and characterization of interchromosomal rearrangements in normozoospermic bulls using massive genotype and phenotype data sets. Genome Res 2023; 33:957-971. [PMID: 37414574 PMCID: PMC10519396 DOI: 10.1101/gr.277787.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we developed a highly sensitive approach to detect interchromosomal rearrangements in cattle by searching for abnormal linkage disequilibrium patterns between markers located on different chromosomes in large paternal half-sib families genotyped as part of routine genomic evaluations. We screened 5571 families of artificial insemination sires from 15 breeds and revealed 13 putative interchromosomal rearrangements, 12 of which were validated by cytogenetic analysis and long-read sequencing. These consisted of one Robertsonian fusion, 10 reciprocal translocations, and the first case of insertional translocation reported in cattle. Taking advantage of the wealth of data available in cattle, we performed a series of complementary analyses to define the exact nature of these rearrangements, investigate their origins, and search for factors that may have favored their occurrence. We also evaluated the risks to the livestock industry and showed significant negative effects on several traits in the sires and in their balanced or aneuploid progeny compared with wild-type controls. Thus, we present the most comprehensive and thorough screen for interchromosomal rearrangements compatible with normal spermatogenesis in livestock species. This approach is readily applicable to any population that benefits from large genotype data sets, and will have direct applications in animal breeding. Finally, it also offers interesting prospects for basic research by allowing the detection of smaller and rarer types of chromosomal rearrangements than GTG banding, which are interesting models for studying gene regulation and the organization of genome structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanlin Jourdain
- Eliance, 75012 Paris, France;
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, G2B, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Harmonie Barasc
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31320 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Thomas Faraut
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31320 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Anne Calgaro
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31320 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Nathalie Bonnet
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31320 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Camille Marcuzzo
- INRAE, US 1426, GeT-PlaGe, Genotoul, France Génomique, Université Fédérale de Toulouse, 31320 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Amandine Suin
- INRAE, US 1426, GeT-PlaGe, Genotoul, France Génomique, Université Fédérale de Toulouse, 31320 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Anne Barbat
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, G2B, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Chris Hozé
- Eliance, 75012 Paris, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, G2B, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Florian Besnard
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, G2B, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Idele, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Taussat
- Eliance, 75012 Paris, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, G2B, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Cécile Grohs
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, G2B, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Claire Kuchly
- INRAE, US 1426, GeT-PlaGe, Genotoul, France Génomique, Université Fédérale de Toulouse, 31320 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Carole Iampietro
- INRAE, US 1426, GeT-PlaGe, Genotoul, France Génomique, Université Fédérale de Toulouse, 31320 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Cécile Donnadieu
- INRAE, US 1426, GeT-PlaGe, Genotoul, France Génomique, Université Fédérale de Toulouse, 31320 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Alain Pinton
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31320 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Didier Boichard
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, G2B, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Aurélien Capitan
- Eliance, 75012 Paris, France;
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, G2B, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
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11
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López-Gatius F, Garcia-Ispierto I. Sexing of Embryos at the Time of Twin Reduction: A Clinical Approach. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13081326. [PMID: 37106889 PMCID: PMC10134968 DOI: 10.3390/ani13081326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study provides new unique information on bovine twin pairs during the late embryonic period (28-34 days of pregnancy) in relation to (1) a predictive ultrasound measurement that was differential for sexing heterosexual twins; (2) intrauterine embryonic growth patterns in twin pairs; and (3) a higher vulnerability of female embryos compared to males following an induced embryo reduction in heterosexual twins. The study population comprised 92 dairy cows carrying bilateral twins. A length difference between co-twins equal to or greater than 25% in around 50% of pregnancies served to determine the sex of embryos with 100% accuracy in heterosexual twins, which was assessed four weeks later on the remaining fetus after twin reduction. The apparent rates of growth of twin pairs and of individual male and female embryos from day 28 to 34 of gestation were similar to established growth pattern standards for singletons. Mean embryo sizes in relation to gestational age were smaller by some 5 days' growth equivalent in twins compared to singletons. After the reduction in the female embryo in heterosexual twins, the risk of male embryo loss was null. This new information allowed for sex selection at the time of twin reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando López-Gatius
- Agrotecnio Centre, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- Transfer in Bovine Reproduction SLu, 22300 Barbastro, Spain
| | - Irina Garcia-Ispierto
- Agrotecnio Centre, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- Department of Animal Science, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
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12
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Berry DP, Herman EK, Carthy TR, Jennings R, Bandi-Kenari N, O'Connor RE, Mee JF, O'Donovan J, Mathews D, Stothard P. Characterisation of eight cattle with Swyer syndrome by whole-genome sequencing. Anim Genet 2023; 54:93-103. [PMID: 36504456 DOI: 10.1111/age.13280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Swyer syndrome is where an individual has the karyotype of a typical male yet is phenotypically a female. The lack of a (functional) SRY gene located on the Y-chromosome is implicated in some cases of the Swyer syndrome, although many Swyer individuals with an apparently fully functional SRY gene have also been documented. The present study undertook whole genome sequence analyses of eight cattle with suspected Swyer syndrome and compared their genome to that of both a control male and female. Sequence analyses coupled with female phenotypes confirmed that all eight individuals had the 60,XY sex reversal Swyer syndrome. Seven of the eight Swyer syndrome individuals had a deletion on the Y chromosome encompassing the SRY gene (i.e., SRY-). The eighth individual had no obvious mutation in the SRY gene (SRY+) or indeed in any reported gene associated with sex reversal in mammals; a necropsy was performed on this individual. No testicles were detected during the necropsy. Histological examination of the reproductive tract revealed an immature uterine body and horns with inactive glandular tissue of normal histological appearance; both gonads were elongated, a characteristic of most reported cases of Swyer in mammals. The flanking sequence of 11 single nucleotide polymorphisms within 10 kb of the SRY gene are provided to help diagnose some cases of Swyer syndrome. These single nucleotide polymorphisms will not, however, detect all cases of Swyer syndrome since, as evidenced from the present study (and other studies), some individuals with the Swyer condition still contain the SRY gene (i.e., SRY+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Donagh P Berry
- Teagasc, Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Emily K Herman
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tara R Carthy
- Teagasc, Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Nahid Bandi-Kenari
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - John F Mee
- Teagasc, Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Jim O'Donovan
- Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Regional Veterinary Laboratory, Cork, Ireland
| | - Daragh Mathews
- Irish Cattle Breeding Federation, Ballincollig, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Paul Stothard
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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13
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Molecular Cytogenetics in Domestic Bovids: A Review. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13050944. [PMID: 36899801 PMCID: PMC10000107 DOI: 10.3390/ani13050944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of the Robertsonian translocation (rob) involving cattle chromosomes 1 and 29 and the demonstration of its deleterious effects on fertility focused the interest of many scientific groups on using chromosome banding techniques to reveal chromosome abnormalities and verify their effects on fertility in domestic animals. At the same time, comparative banding studies among various species of domestic or wild animals were found useful for delineating chromosome evolution among species. The advent of molecular cytogenetics, particularly the use of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), has allowed a deeper investigation of the chromosomes of domestic animals through: (a) the physical mapping of specific DNA sequences on chromosome regions; (b) the use of specific chromosome markers for the identification of the chromosomes or chromosome regions involved in chromosome abnormalities, especially when poor banding patterns are produced; (c) better anchoring of radiation hybrid and genetic maps to specific chromosome regions; (d) better comparisons of related and unrelated species by comparative FISH mapping and/or Zoo-FISH techniques; (e) the study of meiotic segregation, especially by sperm-FISH, in some chromosome abnormalities; (f) better demonstration of conserved or lost DNA sequences in chromosome abnormalities; (g) the use of informatic and genomic reconstructions, in addition to CGH arrays, to predict conserved or lost chromosome regions in related species; and (h) the study of some chromosome abnormalities and genomic stability using PCR applications. This review summarizes the most important applications of molecular cytogenetics in domestic bovids, with an emphasis on FISH mapping applications.
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14
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Besnard F, Leclerc H, Boussaha M, Grohs C, Jewell N, Pinton A, Barasc H, Jourdain J, Femenia M, Dorso L, Strugnell B, Floyd T, Danchin C, Guatteo R, Cassart D, Hubin X, Mattalia S, Boichard D, Capitan A. Detailed analysis of mortality rates in the female progeny of 1,001 Holstein bulls allows the discovery of new dominant genetic defects. J Dairy Sci 2022; 106:439-451. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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15
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XX/XY Chimerism in Internal Genitalia of a Virilized Heifer. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12212932. [DOI: 10.3390/ani12212932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Five DSD heifers underwent genetic analysis in the present study. We cytogenetically analyzed in vitro cultured leukocytes and searched for SRY, AMELX/AMELY and ZFX/ZFY genes in leukocytes and hair follicles, finding that four of the studied heifers were freemartins (XX/XY leukocyte chimerism). The fifth case had an underdeveloped vulva localized ventrally and cranially to the mammary gland, a normal female sex chromosome complement (60,XX) in the leukocytes, and a lack of Y-chromosome-derived genes in the leukocytes and hair follicles. Postmortem anatomical examination of this heifer revealed the presence of normal ovaries with follicles, uterus, and oviducts, but molecular detection of the SRY, ZFX, ZFY,AMELX, and AMELY genes in these organs indicated the presence of a cell line carrying the Y chromosome. Further analysis of twelve microsatellite markers revealed the presence of additional variants at six loci in DNA samples derived from the reproductive organs; XX/XY chimerism was thus suspected in these samples. On the basis of the detection of AMELY (Y-linked) versus AMELX (X-linked) and SOX9 (autosomal) versus AMELY genes by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR), the Y/X and Y/autosome ratios were evaluated; they indicated the presence of XX and XY cell lines in the reproductive tissues. Our study showed that XX/XY chimerism can be present in the internal reproductive organs of the virilized heifers with a normal female set of sex chromosomes (60,XX) and a lack of Y-chromosome-derived genes in the leukocytes. The etiology of this phenomenon remains unknown.
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16
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Perucatti A, Iannuzzi A, Armezzani A, Palmarini M, Iannuzzi L. Comparative Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) Mapping of Twenty-Three Endogenous Jaagsiekte Sheep Retrovirus (enJSRVs) in Sheep ( Ovis aries) and River Buffalo ( Bubalus bubalis) Chromosomes. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12202834. [PMID: 36290220 PMCID: PMC9597706 DOI: 10.3390/ani12202834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are the remnants of ancient infections of host germline cells, thus representing key tools to study host and viral evolution. Homologous ERV sequences often map at the same genomic locus of different species, indicating that retroviral integration occurred in the genomes of the common ancestors of those species. The genome of domestic sheep (Ovis aries) harbors at least twenty-seven copies of ERVs related to the exogenous and pathogenic Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRVs), thus referred to as enJSRVs. Some of these loci are unequally distributed between breeds and individuals of the host species due to polymorphic insertions, thereby representing invaluable tools to trace the evolutionary dynamics of virus populations within their hosts. In this study, we extend the cytogenetic physical maps of sheep and river buffalo by performing fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) mapping of twenty-three genetically characterized enJSRVs. Additionally, we report the first comparative FISH mapping of enJSRVs in domestic sheep (2n = 54) and river buffalo (Bubalus bubalis, 2n = 50). Finally, we demonstrate that enJSRV loci are conserved in the homologous chromosomes and chromosome bands of both species. Altogether, our results support the hypothesis that enJSRVs were present in the genomes of both species before they differentiated within the Bovidae family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Perucatti
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Animal Production System on Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), Piazzale E. Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Alessandra Iannuzzi
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Animal Production System on Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), Piazzale E. Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-32-8961-7073
| | - Alessia Armezzani
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, 464 Bearsden Road, Glasgow G61-1QH, UK
| | - Massimo Palmarini
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, 464 Bearsden Road, Glasgow G61-1QH, UK
| | - Leopoldo Iannuzzi
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Animal Production System on Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), Piazzale E. Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici, Italy
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17
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Bakloushinskaya I. Chromosome Changes in Soma and Germ Line: Heritability and Evolutionary Outcome. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13040602. [PMID: 35456408 PMCID: PMC9029507 DOI: 10.3390/genes13040602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The origin and inheritance of chromosome changes provide the essential foundation for natural selection and evolution. The evolutionary fate of chromosome changes depends on the place and time of their emergence and is controlled by checkpoints in mitosis and meiosis. Estimating whether the altered genome can be passed to subsequent generations should be central when we consider a particular genome rearrangement. Through comparative analysis of chromosome rearrangements in soma and germ line, the potential impact of macromutations such as chromothripsis or chromoplexy appears to be fascinating. What happens with chromosomes during the early development, and which alterations lead to mosaicism are other poorly studied but undoubtedly essential issues. The evolutionary impact can be gained most effectively through chromosome rearrangements arising in male meiosis I and in female meiosis II, which are the last divisions following fertilization. The diversity of genome organization has unique features in distinct animals; the chromosome changes, their internal relations, and some factors safeguarding genome maintenance in generations under natural selection were considered for mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Bakloushinskaya
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
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18
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Ghosh S, Kjöllerström J, Metcalfe L, Reed S, Juras R, Raudsepp T. The Second Case of Non-Mosaic Trisomy of Chromosome 26 with Homologous Fusion 26q;26q in the Horse. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12070803. [PMID: 35405793 PMCID: PMC8996834 DOI: 10.3390/ani12070803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary We present chromosome and DNA analysis of a normal Thoroughbred mare and her abnormal foal born with neurologic defects. We show that the foal has an abnormal karyotype with three copies of chromosome 26 (trisomy chr26), instead of the normal two. However, two of the three chr26 have fused, forming an unusual derivative chromosome. Chromosomes of the dam are normal, suggesting that the chromosome abnormality found in the foal happened during egg or sperm formation or after fertilization. Analysis of the foal and the dam with chr26 DNA markers indicates that the extra chr26 in the foal is likely of maternal origin and that the unusual derivative chromosome resulted from the fusion of two parental chr26. We demonstrate that although conventional karyotype analysis can accurately identify chromosome abnormalities, determining the mechanism and parental origin of these abnormalities requires DNA analysis. Most curiously, this is the second case of trisomy chr26 with unusual derivative chromosome in the horse, whereas all other equine trisomies have three separate copies of the chromosome involved. Because horse chr26 shares genetic similarity with human chr21, which trisomy causes Down syndrome, common features between trisomies of horse chr26 and human chr21 are discussed. Abstract We present cytogenetic and genotyping analysis of a Thoroughbred foal with congenital neurologic disorders and its phenotypically normal dam. We show that the foal has non-mosaic trisomy for chromosome 26 (ECA26) but normal 2n = 64 diploid number because two copies of ECA26 form a metacentric derivative chromosome der(26q;26q). The dam has normal 64,XX karyotype indicating that der(26q;26q) in the foal originates from errors in parental meiosis or post-fertilization events. Genotyping ECA26 microsatellites in the foal and its dam suggests that trisomy ECA26 is likely of maternal origin and that der(26q;26q) resulted from Robertsonian fusion. We demonstrate that conventional and molecular cytogenetic approaches can accurately identify aneuploidy with a derivative chromosome but determining the mechanism and parental origin of the rearrangement requires genotyping with chromosome-specific polymorphic markers. Most curiously, this is the second case of trisomy ECA26 with der(26q;26q) in the horse, whereas all other equine autosomal trisomies are ‘traditional’ with three separate chromosomes. We discuss possible ECA26 instability as a contributing factor for the aberration and likely ECA26-specific genetic effects on the clinical phenotype. Finally, because ECA26 shares evolutionary homology with human chromosome 21, which trisomy causes Down syndrome, cytogenetic, molecular, and phenotypic similarities between trisomies ECA26 and HSA21 are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmila Ghosh
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (S.G.); (J.K.); (R.J.)
| | - Josefina Kjöllerström
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (S.G.); (J.K.); (R.J.)
| | - Laurie Metcalfe
- Rood & Riddle Equine Hospital, Lexington, KY 40580, USA; (L.M.); (S.R.)
| | - Stephen Reed
- Rood & Riddle Equine Hospital, Lexington, KY 40580, USA; (L.M.); (S.R.)
| | - Rytis Juras
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (S.G.); (J.K.); (R.J.)
| | - Terje Raudsepp
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (S.G.); (J.K.); (R.J.)
- Correspondence:
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19
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Jiménez JM, Morales R, Molina A, Moreno-Millán M, Demyda Peyrás S. The effect of the Robertsonian translocation 1/29 on the fertility of beef cattle reared under extensive conditions: a 30 years retrospective study. Reprod Domest Anim 2021; 57:349-356. [PMID: 34958697 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Robertsonian translocation 1/29 (rob(1;29)) is the most worldwide widespread chromosomal abnormality in domestic animals. Previous studies have demonstrated its negative effect on fertility in dairy herds, but not in beef cattle extensively bred. In this study, we analyzed the effect of rob(1;29) in a Retinta cattle breed dataset gathered during the last 30 years. The data presented herein includes rob(1;29) analysis of 11,505 cows from 251 herds, pedigree information of 24,790 animals, and 67,457 calving records. Fertility was evaluated using estimated breeding values for the reproductive efficiency (Re), calculated as the percentage ratio between the number of calvings of an individual with the number expected in an optimal situation. Our results showed that cows carrying the heterozygote genotype showed a significant decrease in their Re (-5.10%, p<0.001). No decrease was detected in free rob(1;29) animals and homozygous carriers. In addition, the incidence of rob(1;29) in the breed fertility was decreased to very low values after 30 years of avoiding selection bulls carrier as stallions. The effect of rob(1;29) in cattle fertility is only significant when the prevalence of carrier individuals is high. Selecting against the disease only by the paternal side reduced the incidence to negligible values.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Jiménez
- CEAG Diputación de Cádiz, Jerez de la Frontera, España
| | - R Morales
- Department of Genetics, Veterinary School, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - A Molina
- Department of Genetics, Veterinary School, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - M Moreno-Millán
- Department of Genetics, Veterinary School, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - S Demyda Peyrás
- Department of Animal Production, Veterinary School, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.,National Council for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICET), La Plata, Argentina
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20
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The Cytogenetics of the Water Buffalo: A Review. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113109. [PMID: 34827841 PMCID: PMC8614332 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis), also known as the Asian buffalo, is an essential domestic bovid. Indeed, although its world population (~209 million heads) is approximately one-ninth that of cattle, the management of this species involves a larger human population than that involved with raising cattle. Compared with cattle, water buffalo have been understudied for many years, but interest in this species has been increasing, especially considering that the world population of these bovids grows every year-particularly that of the river buffalo. There are two genera of buffalo worldwide: the Syncerus (from the African continent), and the Bubalus (from the southwest Asian continent, Mediterranean area, southern America, and Australia). All species belonging to these two genera have specific chromosome numbers and shapes. Because of such features, the study of chromosomes is a fascinating biological basis for differentiating various species (and hybrids) of buffaloes and characterizing their karyotypes in evolutionary, clinical, and molecular studies. In this review, we report an update on essential cytogenetic studies in which various buffalo species were described from evolutionary, clinical, and molecular perspectives-particularly considering the river buffalo (Bubalus bubalis 2n = 50). In addition, we show new data on swamp buffalo chromosomes.
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21
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Holečková B, Schwarzbacherová V, Galdíková M, Koleničová S, Halušková J, Staničová J, Verebová V, Jutková A. Chromosomal Aberrations in Cattle. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1330. [PMID: 34573313 PMCID: PMC8468509 DOI: 10.3390/genes12091330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal aberrations and their mechanisms have been studied for many years in livestock. In cattle, chromosomal abnormalities are often associated with serious reproduction-related problems, such as infertility of carriers and early mortality of embryos. In the present work, we review the mechanisms and consequences of the most important bovine chromosomal aberrations: Robertsonian translocations and reciprocal translocations. We also discuss the application of bovine cell cultures in genotoxicity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beáta Holečková
- Department of Biology and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia; (V.S.); (M.G.); (S.K.); (J.H.); (A.J.)
| | - Viera Schwarzbacherová
- Department of Biology and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia; (V.S.); (M.G.); (S.K.); (J.H.); (A.J.)
| | - Martina Galdíková
- Department of Biology and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia; (V.S.); (M.G.); (S.K.); (J.H.); (A.J.)
| | - Simona Koleničová
- Department of Biology and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia; (V.S.); (M.G.); (S.K.); (J.H.); (A.J.)
| | - Jana Halušková
- Department of Biology and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia; (V.S.); (M.G.); (S.K.); (J.H.); (A.J.)
| | - Jana Staničová
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Salmovská 1, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia;
| | - Valéria Verebová
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia;
| | - Annamária Jutková
- Department of Biology and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia; (V.S.); (M.G.); (S.K.); (J.H.); (A.J.)
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22
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Shaffer LG, Hopp B, Switonski M, Zahand A, Ballif BC. Identification of aneuploidy in dogs screened by a SNP microarray. Hum Genet 2021; 140:1619-1624. [PMID: 34287710 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-021-02318-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Microarray analysis is an efficient approach for screening and identifying cytogenetic imbalances in humans. SNP arrays, in particular, are a powerful way to identify copy-number gains and losses representing aneuploidy and aneusomy, but moreover, allow for the direct assessment of individual genotypes in known disease loci. Using these approaches, trisomies, monosomies, and mosaicism of whole chromosomes have been identified in human microarray studies. For canines, this approach is not widely used in clinical laboratory diagnostic practice. In our laboratory, we have implemented the use of a proprietary SNP array that represents approximately 650,000 loci across the domestic dog genome. During the validation of this microarray prior to clinical use, we identified three cases of aneuploidy after screening 2053 dogs of various breeds including monosomy X, trisomy X, and an apparent mosaic trisomy of canine chromosome 38 (CFA38). This study represents the first use of microarrays for copy-number evaluation to identify cytogenetic anomalies in canines. As microarray analysis becomes more routine in canine genetic testing, more cases of chromosome aneuploidy are likely to be uncovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa G Shaffer
- Paw Print Genetics, Genetic Veterinary Sciences, Inc, 220 E Rowan, Suite 220, Spokane, WA, 99207, USA. .,Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.
| | - Bradley Hopp
- Paw Print Genetics, Genetic Veterinary Sciences, Inc, 220 E Rowan, Suite 220, Spokane, WA, 99207, USA
| | - Marek Switonski
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Adam Zahand
- Paw Print Genetics, Genetic Veterinary Sciences, Inc, 220 E Rowan, Suite 220, Spokane, WA, 99207, USA
| | - Blake C Ballif
- Paw Print Genetics, Genetic Veterinary Sciences, Inc, 220 E Rowan, Suite 220, Spokane, WA, 99207, USA
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