1
|
Joaquim LA, Changule AP, da Glória Taela M, Novela M, Pinto SC, Bila CG. The generation interval and season of birth do not affect age at first calving, birth weight and calving interval of Mozambican Angoni cattle. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:177. [PMID: 38801479 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-04030-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The Angoni cattle breed's contribution to the country's economy is crucial, as it significantly contributes to animal draught power and meat supply, despite not being primarily used for milk production. Despite its importance, there is a lack of comprehensive research conducted to characterize this breed. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the generation interval (GI) and season of birth (SB) on key reproductive parameters, including age at first calving (AFC), birth weight (BW), and calving interval (CI) in angoni cattle. Data sourced from the Angónia Research Station (ARS) included records for 425 heifers' AFC, 1684 calves' BW, and 1272 cows' CI. The study calculated overall averages and explored the relationships between generation intervals, the season of birth, and the aforementioned reproductive traits. The mean values for AFC, BW, and CI were determined as 1475.40 days, 18.49 kg, and 634.62 days, respectively. The analysis revealed that both generation interval and season of birth exhibited weak relationships, and their influence did not yield significant effects on the reproductive traits under investigation (P > 0.05). The observed variability ranged from 0.37 to 0.46% for AFC, 0.10-0.01% for BW, and 0.11-0.26% for CI. In conclusion, this study determined that neither generation interval nor birth season significantly affected the age at first calving, birth weight, or calving interval in Angoni cattle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonel António Joaquim
- Agricultural Research Institute of Mozambique (IIAM), Angonia Research Station (EZA), Angonia, Mozambique
| | - Abílio Paulo Changule
- Directorate of Animal Science (DCA), Agricultural Research Institute of Mozambique (IIAM), Center for Genetic Resources and Animal Assisted Techniques (CRGTRA), Maputo, Mozambique.
| | - Maria da Glória Taela
- Directorate of Animal Science (DCA), Agricultural Research Institute of Mozambique (IIAM), Center for Genetic Resources and Animal Assisted Techniques (CRGTRA), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Mariana Novela
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal and Public Health, Eduardo Mondlane University (UEM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Sónia Carlitos Pinto
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal and Public Health, Eduardo Mondlane University (UEM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Custódio Gabriel Bila
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal and Public Health, Eduardo Mondlane University (UEM), Maputo, Mozambique
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dlamini NM, Dzomba EF, Magawana M, Ngcamu S, Muchadeyi FC. Linkage Disequilibrium, Haplotype Block Structures, Effective Population Size and Genome-Wide Signatures of Selection of Two Conservation Herds of the South African Nguni Cattle. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12162133. [PMID: 36009722 PMCID: PMC9405234 DOI: 10.3390/ani12162133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Nguni cattle of South Africa are a Sanga breed, characterized by many eco-types and research populations that have been established in an effort to conserve the diversity within the breed. The aim of this study was to investigate the overall genetic diversity as well as similarities and differences within and between two conservation herds of the South African Nguni Cattle. Mean LD (r2) estimates were 0.413 ± 0.219 for Bartlow Combine and 0.402 ± 0.209 for Kokstad. Genome-wide average LD (r2) decreased with increasing genetic marker distance for both populations from an average of 0.76 ± 0.28 and 0.77 ± 0.27 at 0–1 kb bin to 0.31 ± 0.13 and 0.32 ± 0.13 at 900–1000 kb bin in Bartlow Combine and Kokstad populations, respectively. Variation in LD levels across autosomes was observed in both populations. The results showed higher levels of LD than previously reported in Nguni field populations and other South African breeds, especially at shorter marker distances of less than 20 kb. A total number of 77,305 and 66,237 haplotype blocks covering a total of 1570.09 Mb (61.99% genome coverage) and 1367.42 Mb (53.96% genome coverage) were detected in Bartlow Combine and Kokstad populations, respectively. A total of 18,449 haploblocks were shared between the two populations while 58,856 and 47,788 haploblocks were unique to Bartlow Combine and Kokstad populations, respectively. Effective population size (Ne) results demonstrated a rapid decrease in Ne across generations for both Bartlow Combine and Kokstad conservation herds. Two complementary methods, integrated haplotype score (iHS) and Extend Haplotype Homozygosity Test (XP-EHH), were implemented in this study to detect the selection signatures in the two herds. A total of 553 and 166 selected regions were identified in Bartlow Combine and Kokstad populations, respectively. DAVID and GO terms analysis of the regions under selection reported genes/QTLs associated with fertility, carcass weight, coat colour, immune response, and eye area pigmentation. Some genes, such as HCAR1, GNAI1, PIK3R3, WNT3, RAB5A, BOLA-N (Class IB MHC Antigen QA-2-Related), BOLA (Class IB MHC Antigen QA-2-Related), and Rab-8B, etc., were found in regions under selection in this study. Overall, the study implied reduced genetic diversity in the two herds calling for corrective measures to maintain the diversity of the South African Nguni cattle. This study presented a comprehensive analysis of the genomic architecture of South African Nguni cattle populations, providing essential genetic information of utility in the management of conservation flocks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Njabulo M. Dlamini
- Discipline of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa or
- Agricultural Research Council, Biotechnology Platform, Private Bag X5, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0110, South Africa
| | - Edgar F. Dzomba
- Discipline of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa or
| | - Mpumelelo Magawana
- KZN Department of Agriculture & Rural Development, Private Bag X9059, Pietermaritzburg 3200, South Africa
| | - Sphamandla Ngcamu
- KZN Department of Agriculture & Rural Development, Private Bag X9059, Pietermaritzburg 3200, South Africa
| | - Farai C. Muchadeyi
- Agricultural Research Council, Biotechnology Platform, Private Bag X5, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0110, South Africa
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Loat S, Kumari N, Saini S, M S Dige, Kumar A, Dhilor N, Dang AK, Lathwal SS, Sodhi M, Kataria RS. Allelic diversity at BoLA DRB3 locus and association with predisposition to clinical mastitis in indicus and crossbred cattle. Anim Biotechnol 2021:1-10. [PMID: 34904511 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2021.2010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Bovine lymphocyte antigen (BoLA) DRB3 locus in healthy and mastitis affected cattle has been genotyped by a polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RLFP) using RsaI restriction enzyme, followed by sequencing. In 130 farm animals, 25 BoLA DRB3 alleles have been detected by PCR-RFLP. Three distinct allelic patterns significantly associated with mastitis in Karan Fries crossbred and Sahiwal indicus cattle have been identified, whereas, four other allelic patterns were significantly high in frequency among healthy animals. Sequencing of RFLP genotypes revealed 25 and 47 alleles among healthy Sahiwal and Karan Fries, respectively, while 17 and 38 patterns observed in mastitis affected Sahiwal and Karan Fries animals, respectively. From Tajima's D-test of neutrality, it was concluded that alleles associated with mastitis were expanding in the population, whereas those of healthy were under contraction. Phylogenetic analysis carried out to delineate the evolutionary relationship of the farm and field animals at DRB3 locus, differentiating allelic patterns into six different clusters. Among the phylogenetic lineages, five patterns DRB3*028:01, DRB3*011:03, DRB3*031:01, DRB3*001:01 and DRB3*043:01, were previously reported, whereas one novel allelic variant was observed in indicus and crossbred cattle. This information will help in further exploring the association between BoLA-DRB3 genetic diversity and disease resistance in distinct cattle breeds, important in designing breeding strategies for increasing the distribution of favorable alleles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Loat
- Animal Biotechnology Division, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Namita Kumari
- Animal Biotechnology Division, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Shallu Saini
- Animal Biotechnology Division, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - M S Dige
- Animal Biotechnology Division, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Anurag Kumar
- Animal Biotechnology Division, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Nitika Dhilor
- Animal Biotechnology Division, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Dang
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - S S Lathwal
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Monika Sodhi
- Animal Biotechnology Division, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Ranjit S Kataria
- Animal Biotechnology Division, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, India
| |
Collapse
|