1
|
Nelson CE, Aramouni FM, Goering MJ, Bortoluzzi EM, Knapp LA, Herrera-Ibata DM, Li KW, Jermoumi R, Hooker JA, Sturek J, Byrd JP, Wu H, Trinetta V, Alloosh M, Sturek M, Jaberi-Douraki M, Hulbert LE. Adult Ossabaw Pigs Prefer Fermented Sorghum Tea over Isocaloric Sweetened Water. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3253. [PMID: 37893977 PMCID: PMC10603632 DOI: 10.3390/ani13203253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ossabaw pigs (n = 11; 5-gilts, 6-barrows; age 15.6 ± 0.62 SD months) were exposed to a three-choice preference maze to evaluate preference for fermented sorghum teas (FSTs). After conditioning, pigs were exposed, in four sessions, to choices of white FST, sumac FST, and roasted sumac-FST. Then, pigs were exposed, in three sessions, to choices of deionized H2O (-control; avoidance), isocaloric control (+control; deionized H2O and sucrose), and blended FST (3Tea) (equal portions: white, sumac, and roasted sumac). When tea type was evaluated, no clear preference behaviors for tea type were observed (p > 0.10). When the 3Tea and controls were evaluated, pigs consumed minimal control (p < 0.01;18.0 ± 2.21% SEM), and they consumed great but similar volumes of +control and 3Tea (96.6 and 99.0 ± 2.21% SEM, respectively). Likewise, head-in-bowl duration was the least for -control, but 3Tea was the greatest (p < 0.01; 5.6 and 31.9 ± 1.87% SEM, respectively). Head-in-bowl duration for +control was less than 3Tea (p < 0.01; 27.6 vs. 31.9 ± 1.87% SEM). Exploration duration was the greatest in the area with the -control (p < 0.01; 7.1 ± 1.45% SEM), but 3Tea and +control exploration were not different from each other (1.4 and 3.0 ± 1.45% SEM, respectively). Regardless of tea type, adult pigs show preference for FST, even over +control. Adult pigs likely prefer the complexity of flavors, rather than the sweetness alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E. Nelson
- Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Fadi M. Aramouni
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Resource Services Center for Grain and Animal Research, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA
| | - Mikayla J. Goering
- Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Eduarda M. Bortoluzzi
- Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Laura A. Knapp
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Resource Services Center for Grain and Animal Research, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA
| | | | - Ka Wang Li
- Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | | | | | - Joshua Sturek
- CorVus Biomedical, LLC, Crawfordsville, IN 47933, USA
| | - James P. Byrd
- CorVus Biomedical, LLC, Crawfordsville, IN 47933, USA
| | - Hui Wu
- Department of Statistics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Valentina Trinetta
- Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | | | - Michael Sturek
- CorVus Biomedical, LLC, Crawfordsville, IN 47933, USA
- School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Majid Jaberi-Douraki
- Department of Mathematics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
- Computational Comparative Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
- FARAD Program, Kansas State University, Olathe, KS 66061, USA
| | - Lindsey E. Hulbert
- Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dang DX, Lee H, Lee SJ, Song JH, Mun S, Lee KY, Han K, Kim IH. Tributyrin and anise mixture supplementation improves growth performance, nutrient digestibility, jejunal villus height, and fecal microbiota in weaned pigs. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1107149. [PMID: 36777676 PMCID: PMC9911537 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1107149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of tributyrin and anise mixture (TA) on growth performance, apparent nutrient digestibility, fecal noxious gas emission, fecal score, jejunal villus height, hematology parameters, and fecal microbiota of weaned pigs. Methods A total of 150 21-day-old crossbred weaned pigs [(Landrace × Yorkshire) × Duroc] were used in a randomized complete block design experiment. All pigs were randomly assigned to 3 groups based on the initial body weight (6.19 ± 0.29 kg). Each group had 10 replicate pens with 5 pigs (three barrows and two gilts) per pen. The experimental period was 42 days and consisted of 3 phases (phase 1, days 1-7; phase 2, days 8-21; phase 3, days 22-42). Dietary treatments were based on a corn-soybean meal-basal diet and supplemented with 0.000, 0.075, or 0.150% TA. Results and discussion We found that dietary supplementation of graded levels of TA linearly improved body weight, body weight gain, average daily feed intake, and feed efficiency (P < 0.05). TA supplementation also had positive effects on apparent dry matter, crude protein, and energy digestibility (P < 0.05) and jejunal villus height (P < 0.05). The emission of ammonia from feces decreased linearly with the dose of TA increased (P < 0.05). Moreover, TA supplementation was capable to regulate the fecal microbiota diversity, manifesting in a linearly increased Chao1 index and observed species and a linearly decreased Pielou's index (P < 0.05). The abundance of Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus amylovorus, Clostridium butyricum were increased, while the abundance of Prevotella copri was decreased, by treatment (P < 0.05). Therefore, we speculated that TA supplementation would improve growth performance and reduce fecal ammonia emission through improving nutrient digestibility, which was attributed to the increase of jejunal villus height and the regulation of fecal microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- De Xin Dang
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeun Lee
- Department of Bioconvergence Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jae Lee
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ho Song
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Seyoung Mun
- Department of Microbiology, College of Science & Technology, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Republic of Korea,Center for Bio-Medical Engineering Core Facility, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Kyudong Han
- Department of Bioconvergence Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin-si, Republic of Korea,Department of Microbiology, College of Science & Technology, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Republic of Korea,Center for Bio-Medical Engineering Core Facility, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Republic of Korea,*Correspondence: Kyudong Han ✉
| | - In Ho Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Republic of Korea,In Ho Kim ✉
| |
Collapse
|