1
|
Mandalari G, Pennisi R, Gervasi T, Sciortino MT. Pistacia vera L. as natural source against antimicrobial and antiviral resistance. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1396514. [PMID: 39011148 PMCID: PMC11246903 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1396514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Increased global research is focused on the development of novel therapeutics to combat antimicrobial and antiviral resistance. Pistachio nuts represent a good source of protein, fiber, monounsaturated fatty acids, minerals, vitamins, and phytochemicals (carotenoids, phenolic acids, flavonoids and anthocyanins). The phytochemicals found in pistachios are structurally diverse compounds with antimicrobial and antiviral potential, demonstrated as individual compounds, extracts and complexed into nanoparticles. Synergistic effects have also been reported in combination with existing drugs. Here we report an overview of the antimicrobial and antiviral potential of pistachio nuts: studies show that Gram-positive bacterial strains, such as Staphylococcus aureus, are the most susceptible amongst bacteria, whereas antiviral effect has been reported against herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1). Amongst the known pistachio compounds, zeaxanthin has been shown to affect both HSV-1 attachment penetration of human cells and viral DNA synthesis. These data suggest that pistachio extracts and derivatives could be used for the topical treatment of S. aureus skin infections and ocular herpes infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Mandalari
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Rosamaria Pennisi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Teresa Gervasi
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Science and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Sciortino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang F, Chen C, Ni D, Yang Y, Tian J, Li Y, Chen S, Ye X, Wang L. Effects of Fermentation on Bioactivity and the Composition of Polyphenols Contained in Polyphenol-Rich Foods: A Review. Foods 2023; 12:3315. [PMID: 37685247 PMCID: PMC10486714 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols, as common components with various functional activities in plants, have become a research hotspot. However, researchers have found that the bioavailability and bioactivity of plant polyphenols is generally low because they are usually in the form of tannins, anthocyanins and glycosides. Polyphenol-rich fermented foods (PFFs) are reported to have better bioavailability and bioactivity than polyphenol-rich foods, because polyphenols are used as substrates during food fermentation and are hydrolyzed into smaller phenolic compounds (such as quercetin, kaempferol, gallic acid, ellagic acid, etc.) with higher bioactivity and bioavailability by polyphenol-associated enzymes (PAEs, e.g., tannases, esterases, phenolic acid decarboxylases and glycosidases). Biotransformation pathways of different polyphenols by PAEs secreted by different microorganisms are different. Meanwhile, polyphenols could also promote the growth of beneficial bacteria during the fermentation process while inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, during the fermentation of PFFs, there must be an interactive relationship between polyphenols and microorganisms. The present study is an integration and analysis of the interaction mechanism between PFFs and microorganisms and is systematically elaborated. The present study will provide some new insights to explore the bioavailability and bioactivity of polyphenol-rich foods and greater exploitation of the availability of functional components (such as polyphenols) in plant-derived foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Moutai Group, Institute of Science and Technology, Zunyi 564501, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbial Resources Development, Kweichow Moutai Co., Ltd., Renhuai 564501, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Moutai Group, Institute of Science and Technology, Zunyi 564501, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbial Resources Development, Kweichow Moutai Co., Ltd., Renhuai 564501, China
| | - Derang Ni
- Moutai Group, Institute of Science and Technology, Zunyi 564501, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbial Resources Development, Kweichow Moutai Co., Ltd., Renhuai 564501, China
| | - Yubo Yang
- Moutai Group, Institute of Science and Technology, Zunyi 564501, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbial Resources Development, Kweichow Moutai Co., Ltd., Renhuai 564501, China
| | - Jinhu Tian
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University Zhongyuan Institute, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- The Rural Development Academy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuanyi Li
- Moutai Group, Institute of Science and Technology, Zunyi 564501, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbial Resources Development, Kweichow Moutai Co., Ltd., Renhuai 564501, China
| | - Shiguo Chen
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xingqian Ye
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University Zhongyuan Institute, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- The Rural Development Academy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Li Wang
- Moutai Group, Institute of Science and Technology, Zunyi 564501, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbial Resources Development, Kweichow Moutai Co., Ltd., Renhuai 564501, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Flythe MD, Davis BE, Kagan IA. Reduction in Rumen Tetracycline-Insensitive Bacteria during a Grain Challenge Using the Isoflavone Biochanin A. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10040273. [PMID: 37104428 PMCID: PMC10143411 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10040273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The isoflavone biochanin A was previously shown to promote weight gain in growing steers by selectively inhibiting rumen bacteria-like growth-promoting feed antibiotics. The hypothesis that biochanin A inhibited the action of drug efflux pumps was tested by enumerating tetracycline-insensitive bacteria from steers in a subacute rumen acidosis (SARA) challenge. Steers (n = 3/group) treatment groups were forage only, SARA control, SARA with monensin (0.2 g d-1), and SARA with biochanin A (6.0 g d-1). As the steers were stepped up from the forage-only basal diet to 70% cracked corn, the number of rumen bacteria enumerated on two tetracycline-containing media types (nutrient glucose agar and tetracycline, and bile esculin azide and tetracycline) increased (p < 0.05) from as little as 1.7(105) to as great as 6.7(106) cfu mL-1 on the nutrient glucose agar in the SARA and monensin control groups. The biochanin A group maintained the same number of tetracycline-insensitive bacteria as the forage-only controls (p > 0.05). The effects were similar to the more selective media type, but the differences were smaller. These results support the hypothesis that biochanin A inhibits the activity of drug efflux pumps in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Flythe
- Forage-Animal Production Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
- Department of Animal & Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Brittany E Davis
- Forage-Animal Production Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
- Department of Animal & Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Isabelle A Kagan
- Forage-Animal Production Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang C, Zheng C. Using Caenorhabditis elegans to Model Therapeutic Interventions of Neurodegenerative Diseases Targeting Microbe-Host Interactions. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:875349. [PMID: 35571084 PMCID: PMC9096141 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.875349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence from both clinical studies and animal models indicates the importance of the interaction between the gut microbiome and the brain in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Although how microbes modulate neurodegeneration is still mostly unclear, recent studies have started to probe into the mechanisms for the communication between microbes and hosts in NDs. In this review, we highlight the advantages of using Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) to disentangle the microbe-host interaction that regulates neurodegeneration. We summarize the microbial pro- and anti-neurodegenerative factors identified using the C. elegans ND models and the effects of many are confirmed in mouse models. Specifically, we focused on the role of bacterial amyloid proteins, such as curli, in promoting proteotoxicity and neurodegeneration by cross-seeding the aggregation of endogenous ND-related proteins, such as α-synuclein. Targeting bacterial amyloid production may serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for treating NDs, and several compounds, such as epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), were shown to suppress neurodegeneration at least partly by inhibiting curli production. Because bacterial amyloid fibrils contribute to biofilm formation, inhibition of amyloid production often leads to the disruption of biofilms. Interestingly, from a list of 59 compounds that showed neuroprotective effects in C. elegans and mouse ND models, we found that about half of them are known to inhibit bacterial growth or biofilm formation, suggesting a strong correlation between the neuroprotective and antibiofilm activities. Whether these potential therapeutics indeed protect neurons from proteotoxicity by inhibiting the cross-seeding between bacterial and human amyloid proteins awaits further investigations. Finally, we propose to screen the long list of antibiofilm agents, both FDA-approved drugs and novel compounds, for their neuroprotective effects and develop new pharmaceuticals that target the gut microbiome for the treatment of NDs. To this end, the C. elegans ND models can serve as a platform for fast, high-throughput, and low-cost drug screens that target the microbe-host interaction in NDs.
Collapse
|