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Vijayaram S, Ghafarifarsani H, Vuppala S, Nedaei S, Mahendran K, Murugappan R, Chou CC. Selenium Nanoparticles: Revolutionizing Nutrient Enhancement in Aquaculture - A Review. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04172-x. [PMID: 38589682 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04172-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Aquaculture, a cornerstone of global food production, confronts myriad challenges including disease outbreaks and environmental degradation. Achieving nutritionally balanced aquafeed is critical for sustainable production, prompting exploration into innovative solutions like selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs). SeNPs offer potent antimicrobial, antioxidant, and growth-promoting properties, bolstering gut immunity and digestive capacity in aquatic animals. Their high bioavailability and ability to traverse gut barriers make them promising candidates for aquafeed supplementation. This study investigates SeNPs as a cutting-edge solution to enhance nutrient supply in aquaculture, addressing key challenges while promoting environmental stewardship and food security. By synthesizing current research and highlighting future directions, this review provides valuable insights into sustainable aquaculture practices. SeNPs hold promise for revolutionizing aquaculture feed formulations, offering a pathway to improved production outcomes and environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srirengaraj Vijayaram
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung-Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., Taichung, Taiwan, 40227
| | - Hamed Ghafarifarsani
- Department of Animal Science, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Srikanth Vuppala
- Research and Development Division, WIISE Srl Societa' Benefit, Via dei Grottoni 67/16, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Shiva Nedaei
- Department of Fisheries Science, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Karthikeyan Mahendran
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Thiagarajar College, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Ramanathan Murugappan
- Department of Zoology, Thiagarajar College, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Chi-Chung Chou
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung-Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., Taichung, Taiwan, 40227.
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Kokkali M, Sveen L, Larsson T, Krasnov A, Giakovakis A, Sweetman J, Lyons P, Kousoulaki K. Optimisation of trace mineral supplementation in diets for Atlantic salmon smolt with reference to holistic fish performance in terms of growth, health, welfare, and potential environmental impacts. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1214987. [PMID: 37664428 PMCID: PMC10469859 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1214987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aquafeed ingredient inventory is ever changing, from marine to plant based, and recently evolving to incorporate increasing amounts of low trophic, side stream and circular economy based raw materials, each one contributing with variable amounts and qualities of macro- and micronutrients. Meeting the micronutrient requirement of farmed fish for healthy and efficient growth under normal and challenging conditions is of paramount importance. In this study we run a trial based on a 2 × 4 factorial design with three replications for each dietary treatment, where Atlantic salmon smolt were fed one of 8 experimental diets supplemented with either organic or inorganic mineral premixes (copper, iron, manganese, selenium, and zinc) at four dietary inclusion levels. We saw a trend for higher growth rate in the organic mineral groups irrespective of the dietary mineral levels. Mineral digestibility was negatively correlated with increasing mineral supplementation levels for all tested minerals but Se which increased with the increasing supplementation in the inorganic and up to the 2nd inclusion level in the organic mineral groups. Increasing mineral supplementation affected retention efficiency of Zn, Mn, Cu and Fe while mineral source affected only the retention of Se which was higher in the organic mineral groups. Moreover, fish obtained higher EPA and DHA in their body and increased slaughter yield in the organic as compared to the inorganic mineral groups and corroborated that trace mineral inclusion levels play a key role on salmon fillet's technical quality. More effects from different origin and dietary inclusion levels of trace minerals were seen on fillet yield, fillet technical and nutritional quality, bone strength, skin morphology, organ mineralization and midgut transcriptome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lene Sveen
- Department of Fish Health, Nofima, Ås, Norway
| | - Thomas Larsson
- Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Nofima, Bergen, Norway
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Dellacqua Z, Di Biagio C, Costa C, Pousão-Ferreira P, Ribeiro L, Barata M, Gavaia PJ, Mattei F, Fabris A, Izquierdo M, Boglione C. Distinguishing the Effects of Water Volumes versus Stocking Densities on the Skeletal Quality during the Pre-Ongrowing Phase of Gilthead Seabream ( Sparus aurata). Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040557. [PMID: 36830345 PMCID: PMC9951685 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) production is a highly valued aquaculture industry in Europe. The presence of skeletal deformities in farmed gilthead seabream represents a major bottleneck for the industry leading to economic losses, negative impacts on the consumers' perception of aquaculture, and animal welfare issues for the fish. Although past work has primarily focused on the hatchery phase to reduce the incidence of skeletal anomalies, this work targets the successive pre-ongrowing phase in which more severe anomalies affecting the external shape often arise. This work aimed to test the effects of: (i) larger and smaller tank volumes, stocked at the same density; and (ii) higher and lower stocking densities maintained in the same water volume, on the skeleton of gilthead seabream fingerlings reared for ~63 days at a pilot scale. Experimental rearing was conducted with gilthead seabream juveniles (~6.7 ± 2.5 g), which were selected as 'non-deformed' based on external inspection, stocked at three different densities (Low Density (LD): 5 kg/m3; Medium Density (MD): 10 kg/m3; High Density (HD): 20 kg/m3) in both 500 L and 1000 L tanks. Gilthead seabream were sampled for growth performance and radiographed to assess the skeletal elements at the beginning and end of the experimental trial. Results revealed that (i) LD fish were significantly longer than HD fish, although there were no differences in final weights, regardless of the water volume; (ii) an increase in the prevalence of seabream exhibiting cranial and vertebral axis anomalies was found to be associated with increased density. These results suggest that farmers can significantly reduce the presence of some cranial and axis anomalies affecting pre-ongrown gilthead seabream by reducing the stocking density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Dellacqua
- Department of Biology, University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Ecoaqua Institute, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35214 Telde, Gran Canaria, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-351-857-0196
| | - Claudia Di Biagio
- Department of Biology, University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Developmental Biology, University of Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Corrado Costa
- CREA—Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e L’analisi Dell’economia Agraria (CREA)—Centro di Ricerca Ingegneria e Trasformazioni Agroalimentari, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Pedro Pousão-Ferreira
- IPMA—Instituto Portugues do Mar e Atmosfera—Research Station, 8700-305 Olhão, Portugal
| | - Laura Ribeiro
- IPMA—Instituto Portugues do Mar e Atmosfera—Research Station, 8700-305 Olhão, Portugal
| | - Marisa Barata
- IPMA—Instituto Portugues do Mar e Atmosfera—Research Station, 8700-305 Olhão, Portugal
| | - Paulo J. Gavaia
- CCMAR—Centre of Marine Sciences, University of the Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Francesco Mattei
- UMR 7093, Laboratoire d’Oceanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Sorbonne University, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France
| | - Andrea Fabris
- Associazione Piscicoltori Italiani, 37135 Verona, Italy
| | - Marisol Izquierdo
- Ecoaqua Institute, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35214 Telde, Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Clara Boglione
- Department of Biology, University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, 00133 Rome, Italy
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Toh P, Nicholson JL, Vetter AM, Berry MJ, Torres DJ. Selenium in Bodily Homeostasis: Hypothalamus, Hormones, and Highways of Communication. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315445. [PMID: 36499772 PMCID: PMC9739294 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of the body to maintain homeostasis requires constant communication between the brain and peripheral tissues. Different organs produce signals, often in the form of hormones, which are detected by the hypothalamus. In response, the hypothalamus alters its regulation of bodily processes, which is achieved through its own pathways of hormonal communication. The generation and transmission of the molecules involved in these bi-directional axes can be affected by redox balance. The essential trace element selenium is known to influence numerous physiological processes, including energy homeostasis, through its various redox functions. Selenium must be obtained through the diet and is used to synthesize selenoproteins, a family of proteins with mainly antioxidant functions. Alterations in selenium status have been correlated with homeostatic disturbances in humans and studies with animal models of selenoprotein dysfunction indicate a strong influence on energy balance. The relationship between selenium and energy metabolism is complicated, however, as selenium has been shown to participate in multiple levels of homeostatic communication. This review discusses the role of selenium in the various pathways of communication between the body and the brain that are essential for maintaining homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Toh
- Pacific Biosciences Research Center, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Jessica L. Nicholson
- Pacific Biosciences Research Center, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Alyssa M. Vetter
- Pacific Biosciences Research Center, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Marla J. Berry
- Pacific Biosciences Research Center, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Daniel J. Torres
- Pacific Biosciences Research Center, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
- Correspondence:
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