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An Y, Guo X, Yan T, Jia Y, Jiao R, Cai X, Deng B, Bao G, Li Y, Yang W, Wang R, Sun W, Xie J. Enhancing the stability and therapeutic potential of the antimicrobial peptide Feleucin-K3 against Multidrug-Resistant a. Baumannii through rational utilization of a D-amino acid substitution strategy. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 225:116269. [PMID: 38723723 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which have a low probability of developing resistance, are considered the most promising antimicrobial agents for combating antibiotic resistance. Feleucin-K3 is an amphiphilic cationic AMP that exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. In our previous research, the first phenylalanine residue was identified as the critical position affecting its biological activity. Here, a series of Feleucin-K3 analogs containing hydrophobic D-amino acids were developed, leveraging the low sensitivity of proteases to unnatural amino acids and the regulatory effect of hydrophobicity on antimicrobial activity. Among them, K-1dF, which replaced the phenylalanine of Feleucin-K3 with its enantiomer (D-phenylalanine), exhibited potent antimicrobial activity with a therapeutic index of 46.97 and MICs between 4 to 8 μg/ml against both sensitive and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. The introduction of D-phenylalanine increased the salt tolerance and serum stability of Feleucin-K3. Moreover, K-1dF displayed a rapid bactericidal effect, a low propensity to develop resistance, and a synergistic effect when combined with antibiotics. More importantly, it exhibited considerable or superior efficacy to imipenem against pneumonia and skin abscess infection. In brief, the K-1dF obtained by simple and effective modification strategy has emerged as a promising candidate antimicrobial agent for tackling multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying An
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaomin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Tiantian Yan
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yue Jia
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ruoyan Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xinyu Cai
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Bochuan Deng
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Guangjun Bao
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yiping Li
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wenle Yang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Wangsheng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Junqiu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Tiwari A, Poudel P, Khanal S, Lekhak S, Adhikari S, Sharma Regmi R, Sharma S, Panta OP, Karki TB. Emergence of mcr-1 Gene in Colistin-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolates from Chicken in Chitwan, Nepal. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2024. [PMID: 38607617 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2023.0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The escalating prevalence of colistin-resistant Escherichia coli in poultry has emerged as a significant concern. This study aimed to assess the occurrence of the mcr-1 gene in colistin-resistant E. coli isolates from poultry samples. A cross-sectional study was conducted at National Avian Disease Investigation Laboratory, Nepal, on 210 chicken meat samples, including liver, heart, and spleen. E. coli was isolated and identified by conventional cultural methods. Antibiotic resistance pattern was assessed by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The mcr-1 gene was detected by conventional polymerase chain reaction. The average viable count in chicken meat samples was log 6.01 CFU (colony-forming unit)/g, whereas the average coliform count was log 3.85 CFU/g. Coliforms were detected in at least one sample from 48.01% of total samples. The prevalence of E. coli in all meat samples was 39.52%. Liver accounted for the largest fraction of E. coli isolates (45.45%). Cefepime was the most effective antibiotic. Among all isolates, 45 (54.21%) were multidrug-resistant E. coli, 17 (20.48%) were colistin-resistant E. coli, and 11 (64.70%) harbored the mcr-1 gene. High prevalence of multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates, colistin-resistant isolates, and mcr-1 gene-carrying isolates indicates a serious concern, as it could potentially lead to colistin resistance in human pathogens through horizontal transfer of resistant genes from poultry to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashik Tiwari
- National College, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Pramod Poudel
- Central Department of Biotechnology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Santosh Khanal
- Tri-Chandra Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Sunil Lekhak
- Decode Genomic and Research Center, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Sanjib Adhikari
- Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | - Supriya Sharma
- Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Om Prakash Panta
- Central Campus of Technology, Tribhuvan University, Dharan, Nepal
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Bhavya JN, Anugna SS, Premanath R. Sub-inhibitory concentrations of colistin and imipenem impact the expression of biofilm-associated genes in Acinetobacter baumannii. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:169. [PMID: 38489041 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03869-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen that is responsible for nosocomial infections. Imipenem and colistin are drugs that are commonly used to treat severe infections caused by A. baumannii, such as sepsis, ventilator-associated pneumonia, and bacteremia. However, some strains of A. baumannii have become resistant to these drugs, which is a concern for public health. Biofilms produced by A. baumannii increase their resistance to antibiotics and the cells within the inner layers of biofilm are exposed to sub-inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of antibiotics. There is limited information available regarding how the genes of A. baumannii are linked to biofilm formation when the bacteria are exposed to sub-MICs of imipenem and colistin. Thus, this study's objective was to explore this relationship by examining the genes involved in biofilm formation in A. baumannii when exposed to low levels of imipenem and colistin. The study found that exposing an isolate of A. baumannii to low levels of these drugs caused changes in their drug susceptibility pattern. The relative gene expression profiles of the biofilm-associated genes exhibited a change in their expression profile during short-term and long-term exposure. This study highlights the potential consequences of overuse and misuse of antibiotics, which can help bacteria become resistant to these drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Bhavya
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research, Paneer Campus, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, 575018, India
| | - Sureddi Sai Anugna
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research, Paneer Campus, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, 575018, India
| | - Ramya Premanath
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research, Paneer Campus, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, 575018, India.
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Saleh NM, Ezzat H, El-Sayyad GS, Zedan H. Regulation of overexpressed efflux pump encoding genes by cinnamon oil and trimethoprim to abolish carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical strains. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:52. [PMID: 38331716 PMCID: PMC10851603 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03194-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Resistance mechanisms are a shelter for Acinetobacter baumannii to adapt to our environment which causes difficulty for the infections to be treated and WHO declares this organism on the top of pathogens priority for new drug development. The most common mechanism that develops drug resistance is the overexpression of the efflux pump, especially Resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) family, to almost most antibiotics. The study is designed to detect RND efflux pump genes in A. baumannii, and its correlation to multidrug resistance, in particular, the carbapenems resistance Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB), and using different inhibitors that restore the antibiotic susceptibility of imipenem. Clinical A. baumannii isolates were recovered from different Egyptian hospitals in Intensive care unit (ICU). The expression of genes in two strains was analyzed using RT-PCR before and after inhibitor treatment. About 100 clinical A. baumannii isolates were recovered and identified and recorded as MDR strains with 75% strains resistant to imipenem. adeB, adeC, adeK, and adeJ were detected in thirty- seven the carbapenems resistance Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) strains. Cinnamomum verum oil, Trimethoprim, and Omeprazole was promising inhibitor against 90% of the carbapenems resistance Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) strains with a 2-6-fold decrease in imipenem MIC. Downregulation of four genes was associated with the addition of those inhibitors to imipenem for two the carbapenems resistance Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) (ACN15 and ACN99) strains, and the effect was confirmed in 24 h killing kinetics. Our investigation points to the carbapenems resistance Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) strain's prevalence in Egyptian hospitals with the idea to revive the imipenem activity using natural and chemical drugs as inhibitors that possessed high synergistic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neveen M Saleh
- Department of Microbiology, Egyptian Drug Authority (former National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza, Egypt.
| | - Hadeer Ezzat
- Department of Microbiology, Egyptian Drug Authority (former National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza, Egypt
| | - Gharieb S El-Sayyad
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University (ACU), 6th October City, Giza, Egypt.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, New Galala City, Suez, Egypt.
- Drug Microbiology Lab., Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Hamdallah Zedan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Bhandari M, Poelstra JW, Kauffman M, Varghese B, Helmy YA, Scaria J, Rajashekara G. Genomic Diversity, Antimicrobial Resistance, Plasmidome, and Virulence Profiles of Salmonella Isolated from Small Specialty Crop Farms Revealed by Whole-Genome Sequencing. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1637. [PMID: 37998839 PMCID: PMC10668983 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12111637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella is the leading cause of death associated with foodborne illnesses in the USA. Difficulty in treating human salmonellosis is attributed to the development of antimicrobial resistance and the pathogenicity of Salmonella strains. Therefore, it is important to study the genetic landscape of Salmonella, such as the diversity, plasmids, and presence antimicrobial resistance genes (AMRs) and virulence genes. To this end, we isolated Salmonella from environmental samples from small specialty crop farms (SSCFs) in Northeast Ohio from 2016 to 2021; 80 Salmonella isolates from 29 Salmonella-positive samples were subjected to whole-genome sequencing (WGS). In silico serotyping revealed the presence of 15 serotypes. AMR genes were detected in 15% of the samples, with 75% exhibiting phenotypic and genotypic multidrug resistance (MDR). Plasmid analysis demonstrated the presence of nine different types of plasmids, and 75% of AMR genes were located on plasmids. Interestingly, five Salmonella Newport isolates and one Salmonella Dublin isolate carried the ACSSuT gene cassette on a plasmid, which confers resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfonamide, and tetracycline. Overall, our results show that SSCFs are a potential reservoir of Salmonella with MDR genes. Thus, regular monitoring is needed to prevent the transmission of MDR Salmonella from SSCFs to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menuka Bhandari
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (M.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Jelmer W. Poelstra
- Molecular and Cellular Imaging Center, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA;
| | - Michael Kauffman
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (M.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Binta Varghese
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74074, USA; (B.V.); (J.S.)
| | - Yosra A. Helmy
- Department of Veterinary Science, Martin-Gatton College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA;
| | - Joy Scaria
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74074, USA; (B.V.); (J.S.)
| | - Gireesh Rajashekara
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (M.B.); (M.K.)
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Gadar K, de Dios R, Kadeřábková N, Prescott TAK, Mavridou DAI, McCarthy RR. Disrupting iron homeostasis can potentiate colistin activity and overcome colistin resistance mechanisms in Gram-Negative Bacteria. Commun Biol 2023; 6:937. [PMID: 37704838 PMCID: PMC10499790 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05302-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative priority pathogen that can readily overcome antibiotic treatment through a range of intrinsic and acquired resistance mechanisms. Treatment of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii largely relies on the use of colistin in cases where other treatment options have been exhausted. However, the emergence of resistance against this last-line drug has significantly increased amongst clinical strains. In this study, we identify the phytochemical kaempferol as a potentiator of colistin activity. When administered singularly, kaempferol has no effect on growth but does impact biofilm formation. Nonetheless, co-administration of kaempferol with sub-inhibitory concentrations of colistin exposes bacteria to a metabolic Achilles heel, whereby kaempferol-induced dysregulation of iron homeostasis leads to bacterial killing. We demonstrate that this effect is due to the disruption of Fenton's reaction, and therefore to a lethal build-up of toxic reactive oxygen species in the cell. Furthermore, we show that this vulnerability can be exploited to overcome both intrinsic and acquired colistin resistance in clinical strains of A. baumannii and E. coli in vitro and in the Galleria mellonella model of infection. Overall, our findings provide a proof-of-principle demonstration that targeting iron homeostasis is a promising strategy for enhancing the efficacy of colistin and overcoming colistin-resistant infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Gadar
- Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, UK
| | - Rubén de Dios
- Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, UK
| | - Nikol Kadeřábková
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | | | - Despoina A I Mavridou
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
- John Ring LaMontagne Centre for Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Ronan R McCarthy
- Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, UK.
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Seethalakshmi PS, Rajeev R, Prabhakaran A, Kiran GS, Selvin J. The menace of colistin resistance across globe: Obstacles and opportunities in curbing its spread. Microbiol Res 2023; 270:127316. [PMID: 36812837 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Colistin-resistance in bacteria is a big concern for public health, since it is a last resort antibiotic to treat infectious diseases of multidrug resistant and carbapenem resistant Gram-negative pathogens in clinical settings. The emergence of colistin resistance in aquaculture and poultry settings has escalated the risks associated with colistin resistance in environment as well. The staggering number of reports pertaining to the rise of colistin resistance in bacteria from clinical and non-clinical settings is disconcerting. The co-existence of colistin resistant genes with other antibiotic resistant genes introduces new challenges in combatting antimicrobial resistance. Some countries have banned the manufacture, sale and distribution of colistin and its formulations for food producing animals. However, to tackle the issue of antimicrobial resistance, a one health approach initiative, inclusive of human, animal, and environmental health needs to be developed. Herein, we review the recent reports in colistin resistance in bacteria of clinical and non-clinical settings, deliberating on the new findings obtained regarding the development of colistin resistance. This review also discusses the initiatives implemented globally in mitigating colistin resistance, their strength and weakness.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Seethalakshmi
- Department of Microbiology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India.
| | - Riya Rajeev
- Department of Microbiology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India.
| | | | - George Seghal Kiran
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India.
| | - Joseph Selvin
- Department of Microbiology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India.
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Talat A, Miranda C, Poeta P, Khan AU. Farm to table: colistin resistance hitchhiking through food. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:167. [PMID: 37014461 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03476-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Colistin is a high priority, last-resort antibiotic recklessly used in livestock and poultry farms. It is used as an antibiotic for treating multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections as well as a growth promoter in poultry and animal farms. The sub-therapeutic doses of colistin exert a selection pressure on bacteria leading to the emergence of colistin resistance in the environment. Colistin resistance gene, mcr are mostly plasmid-mediated, amplifying the horizontal gene transfer. Food products such as chicken, meat, pork etc. disseminate colistin resistance to humans through zoonotic transfer. The antimicrobial residues used in livestock and poultry often leaches to soil and water through faeces. This review highlights the recent status of colistin use in food-producing animals, its association with colistin resistance adversely affecting public health. The underlying mechanism of colistin resistance has been explored. The prohibition of over-the-counter colistin sales and as growth promoters for animals and broilers has exhibited effective stewardship of colistin resistance in several countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Absar Talat
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology Lab, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Carla Miranda
- Microbiology and Antibiotic Resistance Team (MicroART), Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-Os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Sciences, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL, Gandra, Portugal
- Toxicology Research Unit (TOXRUN), IUCS, CESPU, CRL, Gandra, Portugal
- Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV-REQUIMTE), University NOVA of Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Poeta
- Microbiology and Antibiotic Resistance Team (MicroART), Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-Os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
- Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), University of Trás-Os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD)UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), University of Trás-Os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Asad U Khan
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology Lab, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
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Wang Z, Fan X, Wang S, Li S, Gao Y, Wang H, Li H. Emergence of Colistin-Resistant Acinetobacter junii in China. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11121693. [PMID: 36551350 PMCID: PMC9774529 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11121693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing number of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria presents a serious threat to global health. However, colistin-resistant Acinetobacter junii has rarely been reported. We identified a colistin-resistant A. junii clinical isolate, AJ6079, in blood. The colony of AJ6079 presented a dry phenotype, and it was difficult to form a bacterial suspension, whilst transmission electron microscopy revealed that AJ6079 possessed a thick outer membrane. The phenotypic and genomic comparisons were conducted with one colistin-susceptible A. junii, which had the same antibiotic susceptibility profile except for colistin, and had the same KL25 capsule biosynthesis locus. The AJ6079 exhibited a slower growth rate, indicating that colistin-resistant A. junii possesses a higher fitness cost. The genome of AJ6079 had a G+C content of 38.7% and contained one 3,362,966 bp circular chromosome with no plasmid or mobile colistin resistance (mcr) gene. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that the AJ6079 contained several previously unreported point mutations in colistin-resistance-related genes involving amino acid substitutions in PmrB (N5K, G147C), LpxA (I107F, H131Y), and LpxD (F20I, K263R), which might be correlated with colistin resistance in A. junii. Further research is needed for verification as the genetic background was not exactly the same between the two isolates.
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Gogry FA, Siddiqui MT, Sultan I, Haq QMR. Current Update on Intrinsic and Acquired Colistin Resistance Mechanisms in Bacteria. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:677720. [PMID: 34476235 PMCID: PMC8406936 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.677720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colistin regained global interest as a consequence of the rising prevalence of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae. In parallel, colistin-resistant bacteria emerged in response to the unregulated use of this antibiotic. However, some Gram-negative species are intrinsically resistant to colistin activity, such as Neisseria meningitides, Burkholderia species, and Proteus mirabilis. Most identified colistin resistance usually involves modulation of lipid A that decreases or removes early charge-based interaction with colistin through up-regulation of multistep capsular polysaccharide expression. The membrane modifications occur by the addition of cationic phosphoethanolamine (pEtN) or 4-amino-l-arabinose on lipid A that results in decrease in the negative charge on the bacterial surface. Therefore, electrostatic interaction between polycationic colistin and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is halted. It has been reported that these modifications on the bacterial surface occur due to overexpression of chromosomally mediated two-component system genes (PmrAB and PhoPQ) and mutation in lipid A biosynthesis genes that result in loss of the ability to produce lipid A and consequently LPS chain, thereafter recently identified variants of plasmid-borne genes (mcr-1 to mcr-10). It was hypothesized that mcr genes derived from intrinsically resistant environmental bacteria that carried chromosomal pmrC gene, a part of the pmrCAB operon, code three proteins viz. pEtN response regulator PmrA, sensor kinase protein PmrAB, and phosphotransferase PmrC. These plasmid-borne mcr genes become a serious concern as they assist in the dissemination of colistin resistance to other pathogenic bacteria. This review presents the progress of multiple strategies of colistin resistance mechanisms in bacteria, mainly focusing on surface changes of the outer membrane LPS structure and other resistance genetic determinants. New handier and versatile methods have been discussed for rapid detection of colistin resistance determinants and the latest approaches to revert colistin resistance that include the use of new drugs, drug combinations and inhibitors. Indeed, more investigations are required to identify the exact role of different colistin resistance determinants that will aid in developing new less toxic and potent drugs to treat bacterial infections. Therefore, colistin resistance should be considered a severe medical issue requiring multisectoral research with proper surveillance and suitable monitoring systems to report the dissemination rate of these resistant genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Insha Sultan
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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Ghahraman MRK, Hosseini-Nave H, Azizi O, Shakibaie MR, Mollaie HR, Shakibaie S. Molecular characterization of lpxACD and pmrA/B two-component regulatory system in the colistin resistance Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Ghahraman MRK, Hosseini-Nave H, Azizi O, Shakibaie MR, Mollaie HR, Shakibaie S. Molecular characterization of lpxACD and pmrA/B two-component regulatory system in the colistin resistance Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Ghahraman MRK, Hosseini-Nave H, Azizi O, Shakibaie MR, Mollaie HR, Shakibaie S. Molecular characterization of lpxACD and pmrA/B two-component regulatory system in the colistin resistance Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Danesh F, Ghavidel S, Emami M. Acinetobacter baumannii: Researchers' Scientific Cooperation Network in Three Decades. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.30699/ijmm.14.3.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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