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Bhagar R, Gill SS, Le-Niculescu H, Yin C, Roseberry K, Mullen J, Schmitz M, Paul E, Cooke J, Tracy C, Tracy Z, Gettelfinger AS, Battles D, Yard M, Sandusky G, Shekhar A, Kurian SM, Bogdan P, Niculescu AB. Next-generation precision medicine for suicidality prevention. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:362. [PMID: 39242534 PMCID: PMC11379963 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-03071-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Suicidality remains a clear and present danger in society in general, and for mental health patients in particular. Lack of widespread use of objective and/or quantitative information has hampered treatment and prevention efforts. Suicidality is a spectrum of severity from vague thoughts that life is not worth living, to ideation, plans, attempts, and completion. Blood biomarkers that track suicidality risk provide a window into the biology of suicidality, as well as could help with assessment and treatment. Previous studies by us were positive. Here we describe new studies we conducted transdiagnostically in psychiatric patients, starting with the whole genome, to expand the identification, prioritization, validation and testing of blood gene expression biomarkers for suicidality, using a multiple independent cohorts design. We found new as well as previously known biomarkers that were predictive of high suicidality states, and of future psychiatric hospitalizations related to them, using cross-sectional and longitudinal approaches. The overall top increased in expression biomarker was SLC6A4, the serotonin transporter. The top decreased biomarker was TINF2, a gene whose mutations result in very short telomeres. The top biological pathways were related to apoptosis. The top upstream regulator was prednisolone. Taken together, our data supports the possibility that biologically, suicidality is an extreme stress-driven form of active aging/death. Consistent with that, the top subtypes of suicidality identified by us just based on clinical measures had high stress and high anxiety. Top therapeutic matches overall were lithium, clozapine and ketamine, with lithium stronger in females and clozapine stronger in males. Drug repurposing bioinformatic analyses identified the potential of renin-angiotensin system modulators and of cyclooxygenase inhibitors. Additionally, we show how patient reports for doctors would look based on blood biomarkers testing, personalized by gender. We also integrated with the blood biomarker testing social determinants and psychological measures (CFI-S, suicidal ideation), showing synergy. Lastly, we compared that to machine learning approaches, to optimize predictive ability and identify key features. We propose that our findings and comprehensive approach can have transformative clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bhagar
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - S S Gill
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- MindX Sciences, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - H Le-Niculescu
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - C Yin
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - K Roseberry
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - J Mullen
- IT Core, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - M Schmitz
- MindX Sciences, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - E Paul
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - J Cooke
- VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - C Tracy
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Z Tracy
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - A S Gettelfinger
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - D Battles
- Marion County Coroner's Office, Indianapolis, USA
| | - M Yard
- INBRAIN, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - A Shekhar
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Office of the Dean, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - P Bogdan
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - A B Niculescu
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- MindX Sciences, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- INBRAIN, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
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2
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Shekho D, Mishra R, Kamal R, Bhatia R, Awasthi A. Breaking Barriers in Alzheimer's Disease: the Role of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:207. [PMID: 39237748 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02923-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by cognitive impairment, brain plaques, and tangles, is a global health concern affecting millions. It involves the build-up of amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau proteins, the formation of neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, cholinergic system dysfunction, genetic variations, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Various signaling pathways and metabolic processes are implicated in AD, along with numerous biomarkers used for diagnosis, risk assessment, and research. Despite these, there is no cure or effective treatment for AD. It is critically important to address this immediately to develop novel drug delivery systems (NDDS) capable of targeting the brain and delivering therapeutic agents to modulate the pathological processes of AD. This review summarizes AD, its pathogenesis, related signaling pathways, biomarkers, conventional treatments, the need for NDDS, and their application in AD treatment. It also covers preclinical, clinical, and ongoing trials, patents, and marketed AD formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devank Shekho
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Ritika Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Raj Kamal
- Department of Quality Assurance, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Rohit Bhatia
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Ankit Awasthi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India.
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3
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Rajendran K, Krishnan UM. Mechanistic insights and emerging therapeutic stratagems for Alzheimer's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 97:102309. [PMID: 38615895 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a multi-factorial neurodegenerative disorder has affected over 30 million individuals globally and these numbers are expected to increase in the coming decades. Current therapeutic interventions are largely ineffective as they focus on a single target. Development of an effective drug therapy requires a deep understanding of the various factors influencing the onset and progression of the disease. Aging and genetic factors exert a major influence on the development of AD. Other factors like post-viral infections, iron overload, gut dysbiosis, and vascular dysfunction also exacerbate the onset and progression of AD. Further, post-translational modifications in tau, DRP1, CREB, and p65 proteins increase the disease severity through triggering mitochondrial dysfunction, synaptic loss, and differential interaction of amyloid beta with different receptors leading to impaired intracellular signalling. With advancements in neuroscience tools, new inter-relations that aggravate AD are being discovered including pre-existing diseases and exposure to other pathogens. Simultaneously, new therapeutic strategies involving modulation of gene expression through targeted delivery or modulation with light, harnessing the immune response to promote clearance of amyloid deposits, introduction of stem cells and extracellular vesicles to replace the destroyed neurons, exploring new therapeutic molecules from plant, marine and biological sources delivered in the free state or through nanoparticles and use of non-pharmacological interventions like music, transcranial stimulation and yoga. Polypharmacology approaches involving combination of therapeutic agents are also under active investigation for superior therapeutic outcomes. This review elaborates on various disease-causing factors, their underlying mechanisms, the inter-play between different disease-causing players, and emerging therapeutic options including those under clinical trials, for treatment of AD. The challenges involved in AD therapy and the way forward have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayalvizhi Rajendran
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu 613401, India; Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu 613401, India
| | - Uma Maheswari Krishnan
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu 613401, India; Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu 613401, India; School of Arts, Sciences, Humanities & Education, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu 613401, India.
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4
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Jacob S, Kather FS, Morsy MA, Boddu SHS, Attimarad M, Shah J, Shinu P, Nair AB. Advances in Nanocarrier Systems for Overcoming Formulation Challenges of Curcumin: Current Insights. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:672. [PMID: 38668166 PMCID: PMC11054677 DOI: 10.3390/nano14080672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Curcumin, an organic phenolic molecule that is extracted from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa Linn, has undergone extensive evaluation for its diverse biological activities in both animals and humans. Despite its favorable characteristics, curcumin encounters various formulation challenges and stability issues that can be effectively addressed through the application of nanotechnology. Nano-based techniques specifically focused on enhancing solubility, bioavailability, and therapeutic efficacy while mitigating toxicity, have been explored for curcumin. This review systematically presents information on the improvement of curcumin's beneficial properties when incorporated, either individually or in conjunction with other drugs, into diverse nanosystems such as liposomes, nanoemulsions, polymeric micelles, dendrimers, polymeric nanoparticles, solid-lipid nanoparticles, and nanostructured lipid carriers. Additionally, the review examines ongoing clinical trials and recently granted patents, offering a thorough overview of the dynamic landscape in curcumin delivery. Researchers are currently exploring nanocarriers with crucial features such as surface modification, substantial loading capacity, biodegradability, compatibility, and autonomous targeting specificity and selectivity. Nevertheless, the utilization of nanocarriers for curcumin delivery is still in its initial phases, with regulatory approval pending and persistent safety concerns surrounding their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shery Jacob
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Fathima Sheik Kather
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.M.); (M.A.); (A.B.N.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Sai H. S. Boddu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates;
- Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mahesh Attimarad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.M.); (M.A.); (A.B.N.)
| | - Jigar Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, India;
| | - Pottathil Shinu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.M.); (M.A.); (A.B.N.)
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5
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Panghal A, Flora SJS. Nanotechnology in the diagnostic and therapy for Alzheimer's disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2024; 1868:130559. [PMID: 38191034 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2024.130559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder primarily characterized by β-amyloid plaque, intraneuronal tangles, significant neuronal loss and cognitive deficit. Treatment in the early stages of the disease is crucial for preventing or perhaps reversing the neurodegeneration in the AD cases. However, none of the current diagnostic procedures are capable of early diagnosis of AD. Further, the available treatments merely provide symptomatic alleviation in AD and do not address the underlying illness. Therefore, there is no permanent cure for AD currently. Better therapeutic outcomes need the optimum drug concentration in the central nervous system (CNS) by traversing blood-brain-barrier (BBB). Nanotechnology offers enormous promise to transform the treatment and diagnostics of neurodegenerative diseases. Nanotechnology based diagnostic tools, drug delivery systems and theragnostic are capable of highly sensitive molecular detection, effective drug targeting and their combination. Significant work has been done in this area over the last decade and prospective results have been obtained in AD therapy. This review explores the various applications of nanotechnology in addressing the varied facets of AD, ranging from early detection to therapeutic interventions. This review also looks at how nanotechnology can help with the development of disease-modifying medicines, such as the delivery of anti-amyloid, anti-tau, cholinesterase inhibitors, antioxidants and hormonal drugs. In conclusion, this paper discusses the role of nanotechnology in the early detection of AD, effective drug targeting to the CNS and theragnostic applications in the management of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archna Panghal
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Panjab 160012, India
| | - S J S Flora
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Panjab 160012, India; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Era Medical University, Safarajganj, Lucknow 226003, U.P., India.
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6
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Perez-Araluce M, Jüngst T, Sanmartin C, Prosper F, Plano D, Mazo MM. Biomaterials-Based Antioxidant Strategies for the Treatment of Oxidative Stress Diseases. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:23. [PMID: 38248597 PMCID: PMC10813727 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is characterized by an increase in reactive oxygen species or a decrease in antioxidants in the body. This imbalance leads to detrimental effects, including inflammation and multiple chronic diseases, ranging from impaired wound healing to highly impacting pathologies in the neural and cardiovascular systems, or the bone, amongst others. However, supplying compounds with antioxidant activity is hampered by their low bioavailability. The development of biomaterials with antioxidant capacity is poised to overcome this roadblock. Moreover, in the treatment of chronic inflammation, material-based strategies would allow the controlled and targeted release of antioxidants into the affected tissue. In this review, we revise the main causes and effects of oxidative stress, and survey antioxidant biomaterials used for the treatment of chronic wounds, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases (focusing on cardiac infarction, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and atherosclerosis) and osteoporosis. We anticipate that these developments will lead to the emergence of new technologies for tissue engineering, control of oxidative stress and prevention of diseases associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Perez-Araluce
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Enabling Technologies Division, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Tomasz Jüngst
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Functional Materials and Biofabrication, University of Würzburg, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany
- Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Carmen Sanmartin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Felipe Prosper
- Hematology and Cell Therapy Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Cancer (CIBERONC) CB16/12/00489, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Hemato-Oncology Program, Cancer Division, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Daniel Plano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Manuel M. Mazo
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Enabling Technologies Division, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Hematology and Cell Therapy Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
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7
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Hu L, Tao Y, Jiang Y, Qin F. Recent progress of nanomedicine in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1228679. [PMID: 37457297 PMCID: PMC10340527 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1228679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of memory disruption in elderly subjects, with the prevalence continuing to rise mainly because of the aging world population. Unfortunately, no efficient therapy is currently available for the AD treatment, due to low drug potency and several challenges to delivery, including low bioavailability and the impediments of the blood-brain barrier. Recently, nanomedicine has gained considerable attention among researchers all over the world and shown promising developments in AD treatment. A wide range of nano-carriers, such as polymer nanoparticles, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, dendritic nanoparticles, biomimetic nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, etc., have been adapted to develop successful new treatment strategies. This review comprehensively summarizes the recent advances of different nanomedicine for their efficacy in pre-clinical studies. Finally, some insights and future research directions are proposed. This review can provide useful information to guide the future design and evaluation of nanomedicine in AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Hu
- Mental Health Center and West China-California Research Center for Predictive Intervention Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiran Tao
- Mental Health Center and West China-California Research Center for Predictive Intervention Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanjiao Jiang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Qin
- Andrology Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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8
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O'Day DH. Phytochemical Interactions with Calmodulin and Critical Calmodulin Binding Proteins Involved in Amyloidogenesis in Alzheimer's Disease. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13040678. [PMID: 37189425 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of plant-based herbal treatments, dietary supplements, medical foods and nutraceuticals and their component phytochemicals are used as alternative treatments to prevent or slow the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease. Their appeal stems from the fact that no current pharmaceutical or medical treatment can accomplish this. While a handful of pharmaceuticals are approved to treat Alzheimer's, none has been shown to prevent, significantly slow or stop the disease. As a result, many see the appeal of alternative plant-based treatments as an option. Here, we show that many phytochemicals proposed or used as Alzheimer's treatments share a common theme: they work via a calmodulin-mediated mode of action. Some phytochemicals bind to and inhibit calmodulin directly while others bind to and regulate calmodulin-binding proteins, including Aβ monomers and BACE1. Phytochemical binding to Aβ monomers can prevent the formation of Aβ oligomers. A limited number of phytochemicals are also known to stimulate calmodulin gene expression. The significance of these interactions to amyloidogenesis in Alzheimer's disease is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danton H O'Day
- Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada
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Campisi A, Sposito G, Grasso R, Bisicchia J, Spatuzza M, Raciti G, Scordino A, Pellitteri R. Effect of Astaxanthin on Tissue Transglutaminase and Cytoskeletal Protein Expression in Amyloid-Beta Stressed Olfactory Ensheathing Cells: Molecular and Delayed Luminescence Studies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030750. [PMID: 36978998 PMCID: PMC10045022 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Astaxanthin, a natural compound of Haematococcus pluvialis, possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and immunomodulatory activities. It also represents a potential therapeutic in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), that is related to oxidative stress and agglomeration of proteins such as amyloid-beta (Aβ). Aβ is a neurotoxic protein and a substrate of tissue transglutaminase (TG2), an ubiquitary protein involved in AD. Herein, the effect of astaxanthin pretreatment on olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) exposed to Aβ(1–42) or by Aβ(25–35) or Aβ(35–25), and on TG2 expression were assessed. Vimentin, GFAP, nestin, cyclin D1 and caspase-3 were evaluated. ROS levels and the percentage of cell viability were also detected. In parallel, delayed luminescence (DL) was used to monitor mitochondrial status. ASTA reduced TG2, GFAP and vimentin overexpression, inhibiting cyclin D1 levels and apoptotic pathway activation which induced an increase in the nestin levels. In addition, significant changes in DL intensities were particularly observed in OECs exposed to Aβ toxic fragment (25–35), that completely disappear when OECs were pre-incubated in astaxantin. Therefore, we suggest that ASTA pre-treatment might represent an innovative mechanism to contrast TG2 overexpression in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agatina Campisi
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
- CERNUT, Research Centre for Nutraceuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-095-738-4070; Fax: +39-095-738-4220
| | - Giovanni Sposito
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
- CERNUT, Research Centre for Nutraceuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Rosaria Grasso
- Department of Physics and Astronomy “Ettore Majorana”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Julia Bisicchia
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Michela Spatuzza
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Raciti
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Agata Scordino
- Department of Physics and Astronomy “Ettore Majorana”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, National Institute for Nuclear Physics, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Rosalia Pellitteri
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council, 95126 Catania, Italy
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El-Saadony MT, Yang T, Korma SA, Sitohy M, Abd El-Mageed TA, Selim S, Al Jaouni SK, Salem HM, Mahmmod Y, Soliman SM, Mo’men SAA, Mosa WFA, El-Wafai NA, Abou-Aly HE, Sitohy B, Abd El-Hack ME, El-Tarabily KA, Saad AM. Impacts of turmeric and its principal bioactive curcumin on human health: Pharmaceutical, medicinal, and food applications: A comprehensive review. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1040259. [PMID: 36712505 PMCID: PMC9881416 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1040259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The yellow polyphenolic pigment known as curcumin, originating from the rhizome of the turmeric plant Curcuma longa L., has been utilized for ages in ancient medicine, as well as in cooking and food coloring. Recently, the biological activities of turmeric and curcumin have been thoroughly investigated. The studies mainly focused on their antioxidant, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and cardioprotective impacts. This review seeks to provide an in-depth, detailed discussion of curcumin usage within the food processing industries and its effect on health support and disease prevention. Curcumin's bioavailability, bio-efficacy, and bio-safety characteristics, as well as its side effects and quality standards, are also discussed. Finally, curcumin's multifaceted uses, food appeal enhancement, agro-industrial techniques counteracting its instability and low bioavailability, nanotechnology and focused drug delivery systems to increase its bioavailability, and prospective clinical use tactics are all discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed T. El-Saadony
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Tao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Sameh A. Korma
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Sitohy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Taia A. Abd El-Mageed
- Department of Soils and Water, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba M. Salem
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yasser Mahmmod
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Higher Colleges of Technology, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Soliman M. Soliman
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa A. A. Mo’men
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walid F. A. Mosa
- Plant Production Department (Horticulture-Pomology), Faculty of Agriculture Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nahed A. El-Wafai
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hamed E. Abou-Aly
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Basel Sitohy
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Infection and Immunology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Khaled A. El-Tarabily
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Ahmed M. Saad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Laurindo LF, de Carvalho GM, de Oliveira Zanuso B, Figueira ME, Direito R, de Alvares Goulart R, Buglio DS, Barbalho SM. Curcumin-Based Nanomedicines in the Treatment of Inflammatory and Immunomodulated Diseases: An Evidence-Based Comprehensive Review. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15010229. [PMID: 36678859 PMCID: PMC9861982 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin (CUR) is a polyphenol extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma longa that possesses potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential. Despite CUR's numerous beneficial effects on human health, it has limitations, such as poor absorption. Nano-based drug delivery systems have recently been applied to improve CUR's solubility and bioavailability and potentialize its health effects. This review investigated the effects of different CUR-based nanomedicines on inflammatory and immunomodulated diseases. PUBMED, EMBASE, COCHRANE, and GOOGLE SCHOLAR databases were searched, and the Scale for Assessment of Narrative Review Articles (SANRA) was used for quality assessment and PRISMA guidelines. Overall, 66 studies were included comprising atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), Huntington's disease (HD), inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), psoriasis, liver fibrosis, epilepsy, and COVID-19. The available scientific studies show that there are many known nanoformulations with curcumin. They can be found in nanosuspensions, nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, solid lipid particles, nanocapsules, nanospheres, and liposomes. These formulations can improve CUR bioavailability and can effectively be used as adjuvants in several inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases such as atheroma plaque formation, RA, dementia, AD, PD, MS, IBD, psoriasis, epilepsy, COVID-19, and can be used as potent anti-fibrotic adjuvants in fibrotic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Fornari Laurindo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília, São Paulo 17525-902, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Magno de Carvalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília, São Paulo 17525-902, Brazil
| | - Bárbara de Oliveira Zanuso
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília, São Paulo 17525-902, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduardo Figueira
- Laboratory of Systems Integration Pharmacology, Clinical & Regulatory Science, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rosa Direito
- Laboratory of Systems Integration Pharmacology, Clinical & Regulatory Science, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ricardo de Alvares Goulart
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília, São Paulo 17525-902, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília, São Paulo 17525-902, Brazil
| | - Daiene Santos Buglio
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília, São Paulo 17525-902, Brazil
| | - Sandra Maria Barbalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília, São Paulo 17525-902, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília, São Paulo 17525-902, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Avenida Castro Alves, 62, Marília, São Paulo 17500-000, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-14-99655-3190
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Jurcău MC, Andronie-Cioara FL, Jurcău A, Marcu F, Ţiț DM, Pașcalău N, Nistor-Cseppentö DC. The Link between Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neuroinflammation in the Pathophysiology of Alzheimer's Disease: Therapeutic Implications and Future Perspectives. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2167. [PMID: 36358538 PMCID: PMC9686795 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, has increasing incidence, increasing mortality rates, and poses a huge burden on healthcare. None of the currently approved drugs for the treatment of AD influence disease progression. Many clinical trials aiming at inhibiting amyloid plaque formation, increasing amyloid beta clearance, or inhibiting neurofibrillary tangle pathology yielded inconclusive results or failed. Meanwhile, research has identified many interlinked vicious cascades implicating oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and chronic neuroinflammation, and has pointed to novel therapeutic targets such as improving mitochondrial bioenergetics and quality control, diminishing oxidative stress, or modulating the neuroinflammatory pathways. Many novel molecules tested in vitro or in animal models have proven efficient, but their translation into clinic needs further research regarding appropriate doses, delivery routes, and possible side effects. Cell-based therapies and extracellular vesicle-mediated delivery of messenger RNAs and microRNAs seem also promising strategies allowing to target specific signaling pathways, but need further research regarding the most appropriate harvesting and culture methods as well as control of the possible tumorigenic side effects. The rapidly developing area of nanotechnology could improve drug delivery and also be used in early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Felicia Liana Andronie-Cioara
- Department of Psycho-Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Anamaria Jurcău
- Department of Psycho-Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Florin Marcu
- Department of Psycho-Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Delia Mirela Ţiț
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Pașcalău
- Department of Psycho-Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Delia Carmen Nistor-Cseppentö
- Department of Psycho-Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
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