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Yu T, Yang L, Shang X, Bian S. Recovery of Cembratrien-Diols from Waste Tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) Flowers by Microwave-Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvent Extraction: Optimization, Separation, and In Vitro Bioactivity. Molecules 2024; 29:1563. [PMID: 38611842 PMCID: PMC11013614 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are novel solvents with physicochemical properties similar to those of ionic liquids, and they have attracted extensive attention for the extraction of bioactive compounds from different plant materials in the context of green chemistry and sustainable development. In this study, seven DESs with different polarities were explored as green extraction solvents for cembratrien-diols (CBT-diols) from waste tobacco flowers. The best solvent, DES-3 (choline chloride: lactic acid (1:3)), which outperformed conventional solvents (methanol, ethanol, and ethyl acetate), was selected and further optimized for microwave-assisted DES extraction using the response surface methodology. The maximum yield of CBT-diols (6.23 ± 0.15 mg/g) was achieved using a microwave power of 425 W, microwave time of 32 min, solid/liquid ratio of 20 mg/mL, and microwave temperature of 40 °C. Additionally, the isolated CBT-diols exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and antitumor activity in the human liver cancer HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cell lines. This study highlights the feasibility of recovering CBT-diols from tobacco flower waste using DESs and provides opportunities for potential waste management using green technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Long Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Xianchao Shang
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Shiquan Bian
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Rice Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
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Liu M, Jing S, Xie T, Liu H, Bai L. Fabrication of a bio-based polymer adsorbent and its application for extraction and determination of glycosides from Huangqi Liuyi decoction. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 240:115947. [PMID: 38181557 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Huangqi Liuyi Decoction, a famous classical Chinese prescription, shows significant curative effect on diabetes and its complications, in which calycosin-7-glucoside, liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid are the main components that playing these mentioned pharmacological activity, under the synergistic action of various other ingredients in the decoction. However, there are significant differences in the content of active compounds in Chinese medicinal materials, which mainly due to origin, picking seasons, and processing methods. Hence, the accurate content of the glycosides is the prerequisite for ensuring the pharmacological efficacy. Aiming at establishing an efficient extraction and determination method for accurate quantitative analysis of calycosin-7-glucoside, liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid in Huangqi Liuyi Decoction, an on line solid-phase extraction-high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed, using a homemade bio-based monolithic adsorbent. The bio-based adsorbent was prepared in a stainless steel tube, using bio-monomers of methyleugenol and S-allyl-L-cysteine, which effectively reduced the dependence of the polymer field on non-renewable fossil resources and reduced carbon emissions. Furthermore, the prepared adsorbent owned abundant chemical groups, which can produce interactions of hydrogen bond, dipole-dipole, π-π and hydrophobic force with the target glycosides, thus improving the specific recognition ability of the adsorbent. The experiments were carried out on an LC-3000 HPLC instrument with a six-way valve. Methodology validation indicates that the recovery is in the range of 97.0%-103.4% with the RSD in the range of 1.6%-4.0%, due to the specific selectivity of the bio-based monolithic adsorbent for these three glycosides, and good matrix-removal ability for Huangqi Liuyi decoction. The limit of detection is 0.17, 0.50 and 0.33 μg/mL for calycosin-7-glucoside, liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid, respectively, and the limit of quantitation is 0.50, 1.50 and 1.00 μg/mL, respectively, with the linear range of 2-200 μg/mL for calycosin-7-glucoside, and 5-500 μg/mL for liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid. The present work provided a simple and efficient method for the extraction and determination of glycosides in complex medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Siqi Jing
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Tiantian Xie
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Ligai Bai
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
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Adam G, Cojocaru FD, Verestiuc L, Cioanca O, Vasilache IA, Adam AM, Mircea C, Nechita A, Harabor V, Huzum B, Harabor A, Hancianu M. Assessing the Antioxidant Properties, In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Antitumoral Effects of Polyphenol-Rich Perilla leaves Extracts. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 13:58. [PMID: 38247482 PMCID: PMC10812795 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: This study aimed to outline the antioxidant, antitumoral, and cytotoxic proprieties of various types of Perilla frutescens extracts obtained from the leaves of the species. (2) Methods: We determined total polyphenols, flavonoids and anthocyanins contents, as well as the in vitro antioxidant, antitumoral, and cytotoxic actions in three types of ethanolic extracts (E1, E2, E3) and in three types of acetone: ethanol extracts (A1, A2, A3) of Perilla frutescens according to standardized procedures. (3) Results: We found that Perilla frutescens ethanolic extracts had the highest total phenol and anthocyanins concentrations. The flavonoids concentration was not statistically different between the extracts. The iron chelating capacity, hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity, superoxide anion radical scavenging capacity, and lipoxygenase inhibition capacity showed a significant increase with higher concentrations of Perilla frutescens extracts, particularly the ethanolic extracts. Perillyl alcohol had greater cytotoxic capacity in the MG-63 cell line and E1 extract showed similar significant cytotoxic effects in the A431 cell line. (4) Conclusions: Both ethanolic and acetone-ethanol extracts from Perilla frutescens exhibited important antioxidant and antitumoral actions in vitro, which proportionally increased with concentration. The cytotoxic threshold determined in this study for various types of extracts could help determine the best dosage with the maximum antioxidant and antitumoral potential. Our results could serve as a basis for further studies that will investigate the cytotoxic effects of Perilla frutescens variants on various types of cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gigi Adam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania (C.M.); (M.H.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University, 35 Al. I. Cuza Street, 800216 Galati, Romania; (A.N.); (V.H.); (A.H.)
| | - Florina Daniela Cojocaru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa” Iasi, 700454 Iasi, Romania; (F.D.C.); (L.V.)
| | - Liliana Verestiuc
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa” Iasi, 700454 Iasi, Romania; (F.D.C.); (L.V.)
| | - Oana Cioanca
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania (C.M.); (M.H.)
| | - Ingrid-Andrada Vasilache
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Adam
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University, 35 Al. I. Cuza Street, 800216 Galati, Romania; (A.N.); (V.H.); (A.H.)
| | - Cornelia Mircea
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania (C.M.); (M.H.)
| | - Aurel Nechita
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University, 35 Al. I. Cuza Street, 800216 Galati, Romania; (A.N.); (V.H.); (A.H.)
| | - Valeriu Harabor
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University, 35 Al. I. Cuza Street, 800216 Galati, Romania; (A.N.); (V.H.); (A.H.)
| | - Bogdan Huzum
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - AnaMaria Harabor
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University, 35 Al. I. Cuza Street, 800216 Galati, Romania; (A.N.); (V.H.); (A.H.)
| | - Monica Hancianu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania (C.M.); (M.H.)
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Kefale H, Segla Koffi Dossou S, Li F, Jiang N, Zhou R, Wang L, Zhang Y, Li D, You J, Wang L. Widely targeted metabolic profiling provides insights into variations in bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of sesame, soybean, peanut, and perilla. Food Res Int 2023; 174:113586. [PMID: 37986527 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Oilseeds are important sources of diversified nutraceuticals with marked health attributes. Thus, a better understanding of metabolome differences between common oilseeds will be conducive to the food pharmacy. This study aimed to compare the metabolite profiles and antioxidant activity of sesame, soybean, peanut, and perilla seeds and reveal the variation in bioactive compounds. LC-MS-based widely targeted metabolic profiling identified a total of 975 metabolites, of which 753 were common to the four crops. Multivariate analyses unveiled a crop-specific accumulation of metabolites, with 298-388 DAMs (differentially accumulated metabolites) identified. Amino acid metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, and lipid metabolism were the most differentially regulated pathways. Furthermore, we revealed the variation in the relative content of 48, 20, 18, 9, 18, 11, and 6 differentially accumulated bioactive flavonoids, phenolic acids, amino acids, vitamins, terpenoids, alkaloids, and coumarins, respectively. Most of the flavonoids accumulated highly in soybean, followed by perilla. Sesame exhibited a better amino acid profile than other oilseeds. DPPH and FRAP assays showed that the antioxidant activity of perilla seed extracts was the highest, followed by soybean, peanut, and sesame. Our results provide data support for the comprehensive use of sesame, perilla, soybean, and peanut seeds in food, and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habtamu Kefale
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; Department of Plant Science, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Debre Markos University, Ethiopia
| | - Senouwa Segla Koffi Dossou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Feng Li
- Amway (China) Botanical R&D Center, Wuxi 214115, China
| | - Nanjun Jiang
- Amway (China) Botanical R&D Center, Wuxi 214115, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yanxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Donghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Jun You
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Linhai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China.
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Jiao P, He X, Ma S, Wang S, Niu Q. Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Antioxidants from Perilla frutescens Leaves Based on Tailor-Made Deep Eutectic Solvents: Optimization and Antioxidant Activity. Molecules 2023; 28:7554. [PMID: 38005276 PMCID: PMC10674400 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of natural antioxidants to replace synthetic compounds is attractive. Perilla frutescens leaves were proven to be rich in antioxidants. The extraction of antioxidants from Perilla leaves via ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) based on choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) was studied. Firstly, several DESs were prepared, and their extraction effects were compared. Secondly, the extraction process was optimized by single-factor experiments and response surface methodology (RSM). Finally, the optimization results were verified and compared with the results of traditional solvent-based UAE. The effects of solvents on the surface cell morphology of Perilla frutescens leaves were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Choline chloride-acetic acid-based DES (ChCl-AcA) extract showed a relatively high ferric-reducing antioxidant activity (FRAP) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhyldrazyl radical scavenging rate (DPPH). Under the optimal operating conditions (temperature 41 °C, liquid-solid ratio 33:1, ultrasonic time 30 min, water content 25%, ultrasonic power 219 W), the experimental results are as follows: DPPH64.40% and FRAP0.40 mM Fe(II)SE/g DW. The experimental and predicted results were highly consistent with a low error (<3.38%). The values of the DPPH and FRAP were significantly higher than that for the water, ethanol, and butanol-based UAE. SEM analysis confirmed that ChCl-AcA enhanced the destruction of the cell wall, so that more antioxidants were released. This study provides an eco-friendly technology for the efficient extraction of antioxidants from Perilla frutescens leaves. The cytotoxicity and biodegradability of the extract will be further verified in a future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Jiao
- Research Center of Henan Provincial Agricultural Biomass Resource Engineering and Technology, College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | | | | | | | - Qiuhong Niu
- Research Center of Henan Provincial Agricultural Biomass Resource Engineering and Technology, College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
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Del-Castillo-Llamosas A, Rodríguez-Rebelo F, Rodríguez-Martínez B, Mallo-Fraga A, Del-Río PG, Gullón B. Valorization of Avocado Seed Wastes for Antioxidant Phenolics and Carbohydrates Recovery Using Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES). Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1156. [PMID: 37371886 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Avocado seeds represent the chief waste produced in avocado processing, leading not only to environmental problems regarding its elimination but to a loss of economic profitability. In fact, avocado seeds are known as interesting sources of bioactive compounds and carbohydrates, so their utilization may reduce the negative effect produced during the industrial manufacture of avocado-related products. In this sense, deep eutectic solvents (DES) are a novel greener alternative than organic solvents to extract bioactive polyphenols and carbohydrates. The study was based on a Box-Behnken experimental design to study the effect of three factors, temperature (40, 50, 60 °C), time (60, 120, 180 min) and water content (10, 30, 50% v/v) on the responses of total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant capacity (measured as ABTS and FRAP) and xylose content in the extract. The DES Choline chloride:glycerol (1:1) was used as solvent on avocado seed. Under optimal conditions, TPC: 19.71 mg GAE/g, TFC: 33.41 mg RE/g, ABTS: 20.91 mg TE/g, FRAP: 15.59 mg TE/g and xylose: 5.47 g/L were obtained. The tentative identification of eight phenolic compounds was assayed via HPLC-ESI. The carbohydrate content of the solid residue was also evaluated, and that solid was subjected to two different processing (delignification with DES and microwave-assisted autohydrolysis) to increase the glucan susceptibility to enzymes, and was also assayed reaching almost quantitative glucose yields. These results, added to the non-toxic, eco-friendly, and economic nature of DES, demonstrate that these solvents are an efficient alternative to organic solvents to recover phenolics and carbohydrates from food wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Rebelo
- Departamento de Enxeñaría Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | | | - Adrián Mallo-Fraga
- Departamento de Enxeñaría Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Pablo G Del-Río
- Departamento de Enxeñaría Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
- Stokes Laboratories, School of Engineering, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Beatriz Gullón
- Departamento de Enxeñaría Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
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