1
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Khatua S, Simal-Gandara J, Acharya K. Myco-remediation of plastic pollution: current knowledge and future prospects. Biodegradation 2024; 35:249-279. [PMID: 37665521 PMCID: PMC10950981 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-023-10053-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
To date, enumerable fungi have been reported to participate in the biodegradation of several notorious plastic materials following their isolation from soil of plastic-dumping sites, marine water, waste of mulch films, landfills, plant parts and gut of wax moth. The general mechanism begins with formation of hydrophobin and biofilm proceding to secretion of specific plastic degarding enzymes (peroxidase, hydrolase, protease and urease), penetration of three dimensional substrates and mineralization of plastic polymers into harmless products. As a result, several synthetic polymers including polyethylene, polystyrene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane and/or bio-degradable plastics have been validated to deteriorate within months through the action of a wide variety of fungal strains predominantly Ascomycota (Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Penicillium spp.). Understanding the potential and mode of operation of these organisms is thus of prime importance inspiring us to furnish an up to date view on all the presently known fungal strains claimed to mitigate the plastic waste problem. Future research henceforth needs to be directed towards metagenomic approach to distinguish polymer degrading microbial diversity followed by bio-augmentation to build fascinating future of waste disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somanjana Khatua
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, 211002, India
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, 32004, Ourense, Spain.
| | - Krishnendu Acharya
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Study, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700019, India.
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2
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Villar L, Schlapp-Hackl I, Sánchez PB, Hummel M. High-Quality Cellulosic Fibers Engineered from Cotton-Elastane Textile Waste. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:1942-1949. [PMID: 38385297 PMCID: PMC10934812 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Even small amounts of elastane in cotton-elastane blended textiles can prevent fiber-to-fiber recycling strategies in textile recycling. Herein, the selective separation of elastane from cotton blends was addressed by the aminolytic degradation of the synthetic component. Polar aprotic solvents were tested as elastane solvents, but side reactions impeded aminolysis with some of them. Aminolysis of elastane succeeded under mild conditions using dimethyl sulfoxide in combination with diethylenetriamine and 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene as a cleaving agent and catalyst, respectively. The analysis of the nitrogen content in the recovered cellulose fraction demonstrated that 2 h of reaction at 80 °C reduced the elastane content to values lower than 0.08%. The characterization of the recovered cellulose showed that the applied conditions did not affect the macromolecular properties of cellulose and maintained a cellulose I crystal structure. Degraded elastane products were recovered through precipitation with water. Finally, the cellulosic component was turned into new fibers by dry-jet wet spinning with excellent tensile properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Villar
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Vigo, Vigo 36310, Spain
| | - Inge Schlapp-Hackl
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland
| | - Pablo B. Sánchez
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Vigo, Vigo 36310, Spain
| | - Michael Hummel
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland
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3
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Martínez-Barciela Y, Polina A, Garrido J. Ecology and diversity of mosquito larvae in ponds and lagoons of Northwestern Spain. Med Vet Entomol 2024; 38:38-47. [PMID: 37702244 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Galicia, located in the northwestern part of Spain, has a great number and variety of aquatic ecosystems where mosquitoes can breed. Despite the sanitary relevance of these insects, studies on mosquito populations in the region are still scarce. The field research was carried out in 48 sampling points (27 continental lagoons, 12 coastal lagoons and 9 temporary ponds) throughout the entire Galician territory. The samples were collected intermittently and seasonally through different water quality monitoring projects between 2001 and 2017. More than 1500 mosquito larvae belonging to 10 species of five genera (Aedes, Anopheles, Coquillettidia, Culex and Culiseta) were identified. Anopheles (Anopheles) maculipennis s.l. Meigen was the most widely distributed species in the study, being especially dominant in rural areas. In contrast, Culex (Culex) pipiens Linnaeus and Culex (Culex) theileri Theobald showed a preference for breeding in urban areas. New contributions to the knowledge about the larval ecology and distribution of these mosquito species are made throughout this study, including information about the tolerance of each species to water parameters (temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and conductivity). Likewise, the relationship between culicid diversity and the habitat characteristics of the breeding sites (water body type, climate and level of anthropization) is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alejandro Polina
- Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Josefina Garrido
- Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
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4
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Mendes LA, Domínguez J. Spent coffee grounds as a suitable alternative to standard soil in ecotoxicological tests. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:16725-16734. [PMID: 38326678 PMCID: PMC10894160 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32297-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Eisenia andrei is considered in OECD and ISO guidelines to be a suitable replacement for Eisenia fetida in ecotoxicological assays. This suggests that other alternative materials and methods could also be used in standard procedures for toxicity testing. The guidelines also favor using less time-consuming procedures and reducing costs and other limitations to ecotoxicological assessments. In recent years, spent coffee grounds (SCG) have been used to produce vermicompost and biochar and as an additive to organic fertilizers. In addition, the physicochemical characteristics of SCG indicate that the material is a suitable substrate for earthworms, with the organisms performing as well as in natural soil. In the present study, a battery of ecotoxicological tests was established with unwashed and washed SCG and a natural reference soil (LUFA 2.2). The test substrates were spiked with different concentrations of silver nitrate. Survival and reproduction of the earthworm E. andrei were assessed under different conditions, along with substrate basal respiration (SBR) as a proxy for microbial activity. Seedling emergence and the germination index of Lepidium sativum were also determined, following standard guidelines. Exposure to silver nitrate had similar effects on earthworm survival and reproduction, as the estimated effective concentrations (EC10 and EC50) in unwashed SCG and LUFA 2.2 overlapped. A hormetic effect was observed for SBR in LUFA 2.2 spiked with 12.8 mg/kg but not in unwashed SCG. Both SBR and root development were inhibited by similar concentrations of silver nitrate in washed SCG. The findings indicate that unwashed SCG could potentially be used as a substrate in E. andrei toxicity tests and support the eventual inclusion of this material in the standard guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís André Mendes
- GEA (Grupo de Ecoloxía Animal), Universidade de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain.
| | - Jorge Domínguez
- GEA (Grupo de Ecoloxía Animal), Universidade de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
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5
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Alves D, Villar I, Mato S. Community composting strategies for biowaste treatment: methodology, bulking agent and compost quality. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:9873-9885. [PMID: 36820966 PMCID: PMC10850185 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25564-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The European Union's commitment to increase recycling and recovery rates of municipal solid waste requires significant changes in current waste management. Local governments are developing various strategies for treating the organic fraction of municipal waste (biowaste) via composting. Community composting centres (CCC), green waste collection, treatment points and community gardens are some of these new approaches. Population density and spatial distribution, together with the existence of community green areas, determine the location of the various infrastructures for recycling local biowaste. The composting process consumes high amounts of bulking agent (BA) necessary to provide the structure that allows, amongst other uses, biowaste aeration and microbial surface colonisation. Shredded green waste from parks, gardens and households can be used as BA in community composting and home composting. In this study, a total of 46 compost samples obtained from CCC with two types of handling were analysed: 22 samples treated by vertical flow (VF) and 24 samples treated by horizontal flow (HF). The HF model allowed better use of the volume of modular composting units and the VF model required less effort and time for the CCC operator. Mature, stable and high-nutrient-content composts were obtained with both models. These composts met the legal requirements to be used as an organic amendment, and they can be delivered to the participants or used in community gardens in the municipality.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Alves
- Environmental Biology Group, Universidade de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - Iria Villar
- Environmental Biology Group, Universidade de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain.
| | - Salustiano Mato
- Environmental Biology Group, Universidade de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
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6
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Freiría-Gándara J, Martínez-Senra T, Bravo-Díaz C. Exploring the Use of Hydroxytyrosol and Some of Its Esters in Food-Grade Nanoemulsions: Establishing Connection between Structure and Efficiency. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2002. [PMID: 38001855 PMCID: PMC10669426 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12112002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficiency of HT and that of some of its hydrophobic derivatives and their distribution and effective concentrations were investigated in fish oil-in-water nanoemulsions. For this purpose, we carried out two sets of independent, but complementary, kinetic experiments in the same intact fish nanoemulsions. In one of them, we monitored the progress of lipid oxidation in intact nanoemulsions by monitoring the formation of conjugated dienes with time. In the second set of experiments, we determined the distributions and effective concentrations of HT and its derivatives in the same intact nanoemulsions as those employed in the oxidation experiments. Results show that the antioxidant efficiency is consistent with the "cut-off" effect-the efficiency of HT derivatives increases upon increasing their hydrophobicity up to the octyl derivative after which a further increase in the hydrophobicity decreases their efficiency. Results indicate that the effective interfacial concentration is the main factor controlling the efficiency of the antioxidants and that such efficiency strongly depends on the surfactant concentration and on the oil-to-water (o/w) ratio employed to prepare the nanoemulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefa Freiría-Gándara
- Departamento Química-Física, Facultad de Química, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Tamara Martínez-Senra
- Departamento Química-Física, Facultad de Química, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Carlos Bravo-Díaz
- Departamento Química-Física, Facultad de Química, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
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7
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Novo I, Pérez-Pereira N, Santiago E, Quesada H, Caballero A. An empirical test of the estimation of historical effective population size using Drosophila melanogaster. Mol Ecol Resour 2023; 23:1632-1640. [PMID: 37455584 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The availability of a large number of high-density markers (SNPs) allows the estimation of historical effective population size (Ne ) from linkage disequilibrium between loci. A recent refinement of methods to estimate historical Ne from the recent past has been shown to be rather accurate with simulation data. The method has also been applied to real data for numerous species. However, the simulation data cannot encompass all the complexities of real genomes, and the performance of any estimation method with real data is always uncertain, as the true demography of the populations is not known. Here, we carried out an experimental design with Drosophila melanogaster to test the method with real data following a known demographic history. We used a population maintained in the laboratory with a constant census size of about 2800 individuals and subjected the population to a drastic decline to a size of 100 individuals. After a few generations, the population was expanded back to the previous size and after a few further generations again expanded to twice the initial size. Estimates of historical Ne were obtained with the software GONE both for autosomal and X chromosomes from samples of 17 individuals sequenced for the whole genome. Estimates of the historical effective size were able to infer the patterns of changes that occurred in the populations showing generally good performance of the method. We discuss the limitations of the method and the application of the software carried out so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Novo
- Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Vigo, Spain
| | - Noelia Pérez-Pereira
- Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Vigo, Spain
| | - Enrique Santiago
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Humberto Quesada
- Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Vigo, Spain
| | - Armando Caballero
- Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Vigo, Spain
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8
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Paz C, Suárez E, Cabarcos A, Pinto SIS. Numerical Study of a Thrombus Migration Risk in Aneurysm After Coil Embolization in Patient Cases: FSI Modelling. Cardiovasc Eng Technol 2023; 14:544-559. [PMID: 37468797 PMCID: PMC10465652 DOI: 10.1007/s13239-023-00672-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE There are still many challenges for modelling a thrombus migration process in aneurysms. The main novelty of the present research lies in the modelling of aneurysm clot migration process in a realistic cerebral aneurysm, and the analysis of forces suffered by clots inside an aneurysm, through transient FSI simulations. METHODS The blood flow has been modelled using a Womersley velocity profile, and following the Carreau viscosity model. Hyperelastic Ogden model has been used for clot and isotropic linear elastic model for the artery walls. The FSI coupled model was implemented in ANSYS® software. The hemodynamic forces suffered by the clot have been quantified using eight different clot sizes and positions inside a real aneurysm. RESULTS The obtained results have shown that it is almost impossible for clots adjacent to aneurysm walls, to leave the aneurysm. Nevertheless, in clots positioned in the centre of the aneurysm, there is a real risk of clot migration. The risk of migration of a typical post-coiling intervention clot in an aneurysm, in contact with the wall and occupying a significant percentage of its volume is very low in the case studied, even in the presence of abnormally intense events, associated with sneezes or impacts. CONCLUSIONS The proposed methodology allows evaluating the clot migration risk, vital for evaluating the progress after endovascular interventions, it is a step forward in the personalized medicine, patient follow-up, and helping the medical team deciding the optimal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Paz
- CINTECX, Universidade de Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - E. Suárez
- CINTECX, Universidade de Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - A. Cabarcos
- CINTECX, Universidade de Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - S. I. S. Pinto
- Engineering Faculty of University of Porto, Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (LAETA-INEGI), Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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9
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Vieites-Álvarez Y, Otero P, López-González D, Prieto MA, Simal-Gandara J, Reigosa MJ, Hussain MI, Sánchez-Moreiras AM. Specialized Metabolites Accumulation Pattern in Buckwheat Is Strongly Influenced by Accession Choice and Co-Existing Weeds. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:2401. [PMID: 37446961 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Screening suitable allelopathic crops and crop genotypes that are competitive with weeds can be a sustainable weed control strategy to reduce the massive use of herbicides. In this study, three accessions of common buckwheat Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. (Gema, Kora, and Eva) and one of Tartary buckwheat Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn. (PI481671) were screened against the germination and growth of the herbicide-resistant weeds Lolium rigidum Gaud. and Portulaca oleracea L. The chemical profile of the four buckwheat accessions was characterised in their shoots, roots, and root exudates in order to know more about their ability to sustainably manage weeds and the relation of this ability with the polyphenol accumulation and exudation from buckwheat plants. Our results show that different buckwheat genotypes may have different capacities to produce and exude several types of specialized metabolites, which lead to a wide range of allelopathic and defence functions in the agroecosystem to sustainably manage the growing weeds in their vicinity. The ability of the different buckwheat accessions to suppress weeds was accession-dependent without differences between species, as the common (Eva, Gema, and Kora) and Tartary (PI481671) accessions did not show any species-dependent pattern in their ability to control the germination and growth of the target weeds. Finally, Gema appeared to be the most promising accession to be evaluated in organic farming due to its capacity to sustainably control target weeds while stimulating the root growth of buckwheat plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yedra Vieites-Álvarez
- Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencia do Solo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Paz Otero
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - David López-González
- Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencia do Solo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Prieto
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain
- Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA), Universidade de Vigo, Campus Auga, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Manuel J Reigosa
- Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencia do Solo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA), Universidade de Vigo, Campus Auga, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - M Iftikhar Hussain
- Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencia do Solo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Adela M Sánchez-Moreiras
- Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencia do Solo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA), Universidade de Vigo, Campus Auga, 32004 Ourense, Spain
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10
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Martínez-Senra T, Losada-Barreiro S, Bravo-Díaz C. Efficiency of δ-Tocopherol in Inhibiting Lipid Oxidation in Emulsions: Effects of Surfactant Charge and of Surfactant Concentration. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1158. [PMID: 37371888 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Charged interfaces may play an important role in the fate of chemical reactions. Alterations in, for instance, the interfacial acidity of emulsions induced by the charge of the surfactant head group and associated counterions may change the ionization status of antioxidants, modifying their effective concentrations. The chemical reactivity between interfacial reactants and charged species of opposite charge (protons, metallic ions, etc.) is usually interpreted in terms of pseudophase ion-exchange models, treating the distribution of charged species in terms of partitioning and ion exchange. Here, we focus on analyzing the effects of charged interfaces on the oxidative stability of soybean oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions prepared with anionic (sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS), cationic (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTAB) and neutral (Tween 20) surfactants, and some of their mixtures, in the presence and absence of δ-tocopherol (δ-TOC). We have also determined the effective concentrations of δ-TOC in the oil, interfacial and aqueous regions of the intact emulsions. In the absence of δ-TOC, the relative oxidative stability order was CTAB < TW20 ~ TW20/CTAB < SDS. Surprisingly, upon the addition of δ-TOC, the relative order was SDS ≈ TW20 << TW20/CTAB < CTAB. These apparently surprising results can be rationalized in terms of the nice correlation that exists between the relative oxidative stability and the effective interfacial concentrations of δ-TOC in the various emulsions. The results emphasize the importance of considering the effective interfacial concentrations of antioxidants in interpreting their relative efficiency in emulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Martínez-Senra
- Departamento Química-Física, Facultad de Química, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Sonia Losada-Barreiro
- Departamento Química-Física, Facultad de Química, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Carlos Bravo-Díaz
- Departamento Química-Física, Facultad de Química, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
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11
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Del-Castillo-Llamosas A, Rodríguez-Rebelo F, Rodríguez-Martínez B, Mallo-Fraga A, Del-Río PG, Gullón B. Valorization of Avocado Seed Wastes for Antioxidant Phenolics and Carbohydrates Recovery Using Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES). Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1156. [PMID: 37371886 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Avocado seeds represent the chief waste produced in avocado processing, leading not only to environmental problems regarding its elimination but to a loss of economic profitability. In fact, avocado seeds are known as interesting sources of bioactive compounds and carbohydrates, so their utilization may reduce the negative effect produced during the industrial manufacture of avocado-related products. In this sense, deep eutectic solvents (DES) are a novel greener alternative than organic solvents to extract bioactive polyphenols and carbohydrates. The study was based on a Box-Behnken experimental design to study the effect of three factors, temperature (40, 50, 60 °C), time (60, 120, 180 min) and water content (10, 30, 50% v/v) on the responses of total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant capacity (measured as ABTS and FRAP) and xylose content in the extract. The DES Choline chloride:glycerol (1:1) was used as solvent on avocado seed. Under optimal conditions, TPC: 19.71 mg GAE/g, TFC: 33.41 mg RE/g, ABTS: 20.91 mg TE/g, FRAP: 15.59 mg TE/g and xylose: 5.47 g/L were obtained. The tentative identification of eight phenolic compounds was assayed via HPLC-ESI. The carbohydrate content of the solid residue was also evaluated, and that solid was subjected to two different processing (delignification with DES and microwave-assisted autohydrolysis) to increase the glucan susceptibility to enzymes, and was also assayed reaching almost quantitative glucose yields. These results, added to the non-toxic, eco-friendly, and economic nature of DES, demonstrate that these solvents are an efficient alternative to organic solvents to recover phenolics and carbohydrates from food wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Rebelo
- Departamento de Enxeñaría Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | | | - Adrián Mallo-Fraga
- Departamento de Enxeñaría Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Pablo G Del-Río
- Departamento de Enxeñaría Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
- Stokes Laboratories, School of Engineering, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Beatriz Gullón
- Departamento de Enxeñaría Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
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12
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Cabrera Alvargonzález J, Larrañaga Janeiro A, Pérez Castro S, Martínez Torres J, Martínez Lamas L, Daviña Nuñez C, Del Campo-Pérez V, Suarez Luque S, Regueiro García B, Porteiro Fresco J. Proof of concept of the potential of a machine learning algorithm to extract new information from conventional SARS-CoV-2 rRT-PCR results. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7786. [PMID: 37179356 PMCID: PMC10182547 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34882-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been and remains one of the major challenges modern society has faced thus far. Over the past few months, large amounts of information have been collected that are only now beginning to be assimilated. In the present work, the existence of residual information in the massive numbers of rRT-PCRs that tested positive out of the almost half a million tests that were performed during the pandemic is investigated. This residual information is believed to be highly related to a pattern in the number of cycles that are necessary to detect positive samples as such. Thus, a database of more than 20,000 positive samples was collected, and two supervised classification algorithms (a support vector machine and a neural network) were trained to temporally locate each sample based solely and exclusively on the number of cycles determined in the rRT-PCR of each individual. Overall, this study suggests that there is valuable residual information in the rRT-PCR positive samples that can be used to identify patterns in the development of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The successful application of supervised classification algorithms to detect these patterns demonstrates the potential of machine learning techniques to aid in understanding the spread of the virus and its variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Cabrera Alvargonzález
- Microbiology and Infectology Research Group, Galicia sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
- Microbiology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo (CHUVI), Sergas, Vigo, Spain
- Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | | | - Sonia Pérez Castro
- Microbiology and Infectology Research Group, Galicia sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
- Microbiology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo (CHUVI), Sergas, Vigo, Spain
- Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Javier Martínez Torres
- Applied Mathematics I, Telecommunications Engineering School, Universidad de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - Lucía Martínez Lamas
- Microbiology and Infectology Research Group, Galicia sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
- Microbiology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo (CHUVI), Sergas, Vigo, Spain
| | - Carlos Daviña Nuñez
- Microbiology and Infectology Research Group, Galicia sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
| | - Víctor Del Campo-Pérez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Álvaro Cunqueiro Hospital, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Silvia Suarez Luque
- Dirección Xeral de Saúde Pública, Consellería de Sanidade, Xunta de Galicia, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Benito Regueiro García
- Microbiology and Infectology Research Group, Galicia sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
- Microbiology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo (CHUVI), Sergas, Vigo, Spain
- Microbiology and Parasitology Department, Medicine and Odontology, Universidade de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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13
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Rauf A, Joshi PB, Ahmad Z, Hemeg HA, Olatunde A, Naz S, Hafeez N, Simal-Gandara J. Edible mushrooms as potential functional foods in amelioration of hypertension. Phytother Res 2023. [PMID: 37157920 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Edible mushrooms are popular functional foods attributed to their rich nutritional bioactive constituent profile influencing cardiovascular function. Edible mushrooms are omnipresent in various prescribed Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, Mediterranean diet, and fortified meal plans as they are rich in amino acids, dietary fiber, proteins, sterols, vitamins, and minerals. However, without an understanding of the influence of mushroom bioactive constituents, mechanism of action on heart and allergenicity, it is difficult to fully comprehend the role of mushrooms as dietary interventions in alleviating hypertension and other cardiovascular malfunctions. To accomplish this endeavor, we chose to review edible mushrooms and their bioactive constituents in ameliorating hypertension. Hypertension and cardiovascular diseases are interrelated and if the former is managed by dietary changes, it is postulated that overall heart health could also be improved. With a concise note on different edible varieties of mushrooms, a particular focus is presented on the antihypertensive potential of mushroom bioactive constituents, mode of action, absorption kinetics and bioavailability. Ergosterol, lovastatin, cordycepin, tocopherols, chitosan, ergothioneine, γ-aminobutyric acid, quercetin, and eritadenine are described as essential bioactives with hypotensive effects. Finally, safety concerns on allergens and limitations of consuming edible mushrooms with special reference to chemical toxins and their postulated metabolites are highlighted. It is opined that the present review will redirect toxicologists to further investigate mushroom bioactives and allergens, thereby influencing dietary interventions for heart health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Payal B Joshi
- Operations and Method Development, Shefali Research Laboratories, Ambernath, India
| | - Zubair Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Pakistan
| | - Hassan A Hemeg
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Olatunde
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria
| | - Saima Naz
- Department of Biotechnology, Bacha Khan University, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Nabia Hafeez
- Center of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical Chemistry and Food Science Department, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
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14
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Álvarez-Rodríguez S, Alvite CM, Reigosa MJ, Sánchez-Moreiras AM, Araniti F. Application of Indole-Alkaloid Harmaline Induces Physical Damage to Photosystem II Antenna Complexes in Adult Plants of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:6073-6086. [PMID: 37026701 PMCID: PMC10119982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Finding herbicides with new and multiple modes of action is a solution to stop the increase in resistant weed species. Harmaline, a natural alkaloid with proven phytotoxic potential, was tested on Arabidopsis adult plants by watering and spraying; watering resulted as the more effective treatment. Harmaline altered several photosynthetic parameters, reducing the efficiency of the light- (ΦII) and dark-adapted (Fv/Fm) PSII, suggesting physical damages in photosystem II, although dissipation of the energy in excess under the form of heat was not compromised as demonstrated by the significant increase in ΦNPQ. Metabolomic alterations, such as osmoprotectant accumulation and reduction in sugars' content, also indicate a reduction of photosynthetic efficiency and suggest early senescence and water status alteration induced by harmaline. Data suggest that harmaline might be considered a new phytotoxic molecule interesting for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Álvarez-Rodríguez
- Departamento
de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencias do Solo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - Carla M. Alvite
- Departamento
de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencias do Solo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - Manuel J. Reigosa
- Departamento
de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencias do Solo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - Adela M. Sánchez-Moreiras
- Departamento
de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencias do Solo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - Fabrizio Araniti
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali - Produzione, Territorio, Agroenergia, Università Statale di Milano, Via Celoria n° 2, 20133 Milano, Italy
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15
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Rivas-Fandiño P, Acuña-Alonso C, Novo A, Pacheco FAL, Álvarez X. Assessment of high spatial resolution satellite imagery for monitoring riparian vegetation: riverine management in the smallholding. Environ Monit Assess 2022; 195:81. [PMID: 36342553 PMCID: PMC9640423 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10667-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Riverine habitats are essential ecotones that bridge aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, providing multiple ecosystem services. This study analyses the potential use of high-resolution satellite imagery, provided by the WorldView-2 satellite, in order to assess its viability for monitoring riparian ecosystems. It is performed by calculating the riparian strip quality index (RSQI) and calibrating it with the riparian quality index (QBR). The methodology was implemented in the Umia River, which is characterised by elevated anthropogenic pressures (located in the northwest of Spain). The results obtained by the method have a 92% of veracity and a kappa coefficient of 0.88. The average quality value obtained for the RSQI index was 71.57, while the average value for the QBR was 55.88. This difference could be attributed to the fact that the former does not differ between autochthonous and non-autochthonous vegetation. The areas with more accurate mapping corresponded to stretches of vegetation with optimal cover (80-50%), with good connectivity with the adjacent forest ecosystem and few or no presence of invasive plants. The worst-scoring sites had the next characteristics: low connectivity (< 10%), low forest cover (< 10%) and a higher presence of invasive plants. The degradation of vegetation could be explained by the presence of agriculture and deficient land use rationing caused by the type of ownership of the study area. The application of this index through satellite images will facilitate the environmental governance of multiple ecosystems and in special riparian ecosystems, obtaining a quick and objective methodology, easily replicable in other basins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Rivas-Fandiño
- Agroforestry Group, School of Forestry Engineering, University of Vigo, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Carolina Acuña-Alonso
- Agroforestry Group, School of Forestry Engineering, University of Vigo, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Ana Novo
- Geotech Group, Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Mining Engineering, CINTECX, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | | | - Xana Álvarez
- Agroforestry Group, School of Forestry Engineering, University of Vigo, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain
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16
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Rodríguez-Benavides D, Andrés-Rosales R, del Río-Rama MDLC, Irfan M. Modeling oil price uncertainty effects on economic growth in Mexico: a sector-level analysis. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:73987-74002. [PMID: 35633455 PMCID: PMC9143715 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20711-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This paper analyzes the impact of international oil price uncertainty on the different economic sectors (primary, secondary, and tertiary) in Mexico in the period 1993:1-2020:4 through a bivariate structural vector autoregressive (VAR) model with a generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) in mean to capture the impact of oil volatility on economic growth at the sectoral level of economic activity. The results show that the uncertainty of the international price of oil has a differentiated effect on the different sectors of economic activity in Mexico since it does not influence the primary sector; it negatively impacts the secondary sector, and there is mixed evidence in the tertiary sector. Additionally, evidence is provided that both positive and negative shocks to the international oil price have asymmetric effects at the sectoral level in Mexico. The results highlight the need to implement public policies, at the country level, that help mitigate the effect of uncertainty in the oil market and promote economic stability at the sector level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domingo Rodríguez-Benavides
- Department of Applied Econometrics, Metropolitan Autonomous University, 02200 Mexico City, State of Mexico Mexico
| | - Roldán Andrés-Rosales
- Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Higher Studies Cuautitlan-UNAM, 54714 Mexico, State of Mexico Mexico
| | | | - Muhammad Irfan
- School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081 China
- Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081 China
- Department of Business Administration, ILMA University, Karachi, 75190 Pakistan
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17
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Iglesias R, Rangel LF, Fernández-Vázquez F, Santos MJ, García-Estévez JM. Morphometric and molecular characterization of Kudoa encrasicoli n. sp. (Myxozoa: Myxosporea) from the European anchovy, Engraulis encrasicolus (L.) (Clupeiformes: Engraulidae). Syst Parasitol 2022; 99:621-636. [PMID: 35778583 PMCID: PMC9402732 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-022-10051-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The European anchovy represents the main fisheries for countries in the Mediterranean and Black Sea basins. The skeletal muscle of 13 of 48 (27.1%) Engraulis encrasicolus (L.) specimens from North East Atlantic waters (FAO 27.8.c) was found infected with interfibrillar elongated plasmodia (130-980 µm in length) containing mature myxospores belonging to the genus Kudoa Meglitsch, 1947. No flesh softening was found associated with infection. Fresh myxospores were 10.8 ± 0.7 (9.1-12.3) µm in width 1, 11.3 ± 0.9 (9.5-13.4) µm in width 2, 6.7 ± 0.4 (5.8-7.4) µm in thickness, and 6.9 ± 0.5 (5.8-7.5) µm in length. They were almost stellate in apical view having three pointed-edged shell valves bearing three small polar capsules equal in size 5.0 ± 0.3 (4.4-5.4) μm long and 2.4 ± 0.2 (2.0-3.0) μm wide, and one rounded- to rarely bluntly pointed-edged shell valve bearing a large and particularly wide polar capsule 6.8 ± 0.4 (5.9-7.6) μm long and 4.1 ± 0.2 (3.6-4.4) μm wide. Morphological and morphometrical comparisons between these myxospores and those of Kudoa thyrsites (Gilchrist, 1923) from the clupeid Sardina pilchardus (Walbaum) (North East Atlantic waters, FAO 27.9.a), with which exhibited a similarity of 98.9% and 96.2% using SSU and LSU rDNA sequences, respectively, support the creation of Kudoa encrasicolin. sp. Morphometrical analysis of the polar capsules of flattened myxospores is suggested as a useful approach to differentiate phylogenetically related kudoids with stellate or almost stellate myxospores bearing four polar capsules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Iglesias
- Laboratorio de Parasitología, Centro de Investigación Mariña (CIM), Universidade de Vigo, Edificio de Ciencias Experimentales, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310, Vigo, Spain.
| | - Luís Filipe Rangel
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, University of Porto, Avda. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Fabio Fernández-Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Parasitología, Centro de Investigación Mariña (CIM), Universidade de Vigo, Edificio de Ciencias Experimentales, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - Maria João Santos
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, University of Porto, Avda. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, FC4, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - José M García-Estévez
- Laboratorio de Parasitología, Centro de Investigación Mariña (CIM), Universidade de Vigo, Edificio de Ciencias Experimentales, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310, Vigo, Spain
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18
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Biswas S, Mahmud S, Mita MA, Afrose S, Hasan MR, Paul GK, Shimu MSS, Uddin MS, Zaman S, Park MN, Siyadatpanah A, Obaidullah AJ, Saleh MA, Simal-Gandara J, Kim B. The Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Variants With a Lower Antibody Response: A Genomic and Clinical Perspective. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:825245. [PMID: 35602477 PMCID: PMC9121733 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.825245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of several novel SARS-CoV-2 variants regarded as variants of concern (VOCs) has exacerbated pathogenic and immunologic prominences, as well as reduced diagnostic sensitivity due to phenotype modification-capable mutations. Furthermore, latent and more virulent strains that have arisen as a result of unique mutations with increased evolutionary potential represent a threat to vaccine effectiveness in terms of incoming and existing variants. As a result, resisting natural immunity, which leads to higher reinfection rates, and avoiding vaccination-induced immunization, which leads to a lack of vaccine effectiveness, has become a crucial problem for public health around the world. This study attempts to review the genomic variation and pandemic impact of emerging variations of concern based on clinical characteristics management and immunization effectiveness. The goal of this study is to gain a better understanding of the link between genome level polymorphism, clinical symptom manifestation, and current vaccination in the instance of VOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvro Biswas
- Miocrobiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Shafi Mahmud
- Miocrobiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Mohasana Akter Mita
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Shamima Afrose
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Robiul Hasan
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Gobindo Kumar Paul
- Miocrobiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md. Salah Uddin
- Miocrobiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Shahriar Zaman
- Miocrobiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Moon Nyeo Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Abolghasem Siyadatpanah
- Ferdows School of Paramedical and Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Ahmad J. Obaidullah
- Drug Exploration and Development Chair (DEDC), Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Abu Saleh
- Miocrobiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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de Arriba-Pérez F, García-Méndez S, González-Castaño FJ, Costa-Montenegro E. Automatic detection of cognitive impairment in elderly people using an entertainment chatbot with Natural Language Processing capabilities. J Ambient Intell Humaniz Comput 2022; 14:1-16. [PMID: 35529905 PMCID: PMC9053565 DOI: 10.1007/s12652-022-03849-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Previous researchers have proposed intelligent systems for therapeutic monitoring of cognitive impairments. However, most existing practical approaches for this purpose are based on manual tests. This raises issues such as excessive caretaking effort and the white-coat effect. To avoid these issues, we present an intelligent conversational system for entertaining elderly people with news of their interest that monitors cognitive impairment transparently. Automatic chatbot dialogue stages allow assessing content description skills and detecting cognitive impairment with Machine Learning algorithms. We create these dialogue flows automatically from updated news items using Natural Language Generation techniques. The system also infers the gold standard of the answers to the questions, so it can assess cognitive capabilities automatically by comparing these answers with the user responses. It employs a similarity metric with values in [0, 1], in increasing level of similarity. To evaluate the performance and usability of our approach, we have conducted field tests with a test group of 30 elderly people in the earliest stages of dementia, under the supervision of gerontologists. In the experiments, we have analysed the effect of stress and concentration in these users. Those without cognitive impairment performed up to five times better. In particular, the similarity metric varied between 0.03, for stressed and unfocused participants, and 0.36, for relaxed and focused users. Finally, we developed a Machine Learning algorithm based on textual analysis features for automatic cognitive impairment detection, which attained accuracy, F-measure and recall levels above 80%. We have thus validated the automatic approach to detect cognitive impairment in elderly people based on entertainment content. The results suggest that the solution has strong potential for long-term user-friendly therapeutic monitoring of elderly people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco de Arriba-Pérez
- Information Technologies Group, atlanTTic, School of Telecommunications Engineering, University of Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Silvia García-Méndez
- Information Technologies Group, atlanTTic, School of Telecommunications Engineering, University of Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Francisco J. González-Castaño
- Information Technologies Group, atlanTTic, School of Telecommunications Engineering, University of Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Enrique Costa-Montenegro
- Information Technologies Group, atlanTTic, School of Telecommunications Engineering, University of Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
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20
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Ana LM, Rogelio S, Xose Carlos S, Rosa Ana M. Cell Wall Composition Impacts Structural Characteristics of the Stems and Thereby the Biomass Yield. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:3136-3141. [PMID: 35232018 PMCID: PMC8931758 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Maize stalks support leaves and reproductive structures and functionally support water and nutrient transport; besides, their anatomical and biochemical characteristics have been described as a plant defense against stress, also impacting economically important applications. In this study, we evaluated agronomical and stem description traits in a subset of maize inbred lines that showed variability for cell wall composition in the internodes. Overall, a great proportion of lignin subunit G and a low concentration of p-coumaric acid and lignin subunit S are beneficial for greater rind puncture resistance and taller plants, with a greater biomass yield. Also, the greater the proportions of subunit H, the longer the internode. Finally, the lower the total hemicellulose content, the greater the rind puncture resistance. Our results confirmed the effect of the cell wall on agronomic and stalk traits, which would be useful in applied breeding programs focused on biomass yield improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- López-Malvar Ana
- Facultad
de Biología, Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ciencias
del Suelo, Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Santiago Rogelio
- Facultad
de Biología, Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ciencias
del Suelo, Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Agrobiología
Ambiental, Calidad de Suelos y Plantas (UVIGO), Unidad Asociada a la MBG (CSIC), 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Misión
Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Pazo
de Salcedo, Carballeira 8, 36143 Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Souto Xose Carlos
- Departamente
Ingeniería Recursos Naturales Y Medio Ambiente, E.E. Forestales, Universidade de Vigo, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Malvar Rosa Ana
- Agrobiología
Ambiental, Calidad de Suelos y Plantas (UVIGO), Unidad Asociada a la MBG (CSIC), 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Misión
Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Pazo
de Salcedo, Carballeira 8, 36143 Pontevedra, Spain
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21
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Kumar SPJ, Susmita C, Sripathy KV, Agarwal DK, Pal G, Singh AN, Kumar S, Rai AK, Simal-Gandara J. Molecular characterization and genetic diversity studies of Indian soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cultivars using SSR markers. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:2129-2140. [PMID: 34894334 PMCID: PMC8863763 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-07030-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genetic base of soybean cultivars in India has been reported to be extremely narrow, due to repeated use of few selected and elite genotypes as parents in the breeding programmes. This ultimately led to the reduction of genetic variability among existing soybean cultivars and stagnation in crop yield. Thus in order to enhance production and productivity of soybean, broadening of genetic base and exploring untapped valuable genetic diversity has become quite indispensable. This could be successfully accomplished through molecular characterization of soybean genotypes using various DNA based markers. Hence, an attempt was made to study the molecular divergence and relatedness among 29 genotypes of soybean using SSR markers. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 35 SSR primers were deployed to study the genetic divergence among 29 genotypes of soybean. Among them, 14 primer pairs were found to be polymorphic producing a total of 34 polymorphic alleles; and the allele number for each locus ranged from two to four with an average of 2.43 alleles per primer pair. Polymorphic information content (PIC) values of SSRs ranged from 0.064 to 0.689 with an average of 0.331. The dendrogram constructed based on dissimilarity indices clustered the 29 genotypes into two major groups and four sub-groups. Similarly, principal coordinate analysis grouped the genotypes into four major groups that exactly corresponded to the clustering of genotypes among four sub-groups of dendrogram. Besides, the study has reported eight unique and two rare alleles that could be potentially utilized for genetic purity analysis and cultivar identification in soybean. CONCLUSION In the present investigation, two major clusters were reported and grouping of large number of genotypes in each cluster indicated high degree of genetic resemblance and narrow genetic base among the genotypes used in the study. With respect to the primers used in the study, the values of PIC and other related parameters revealed that the selected SSR markers are moderately informative and could be potentially utilized for diversity analysis of soybean. The clustering pattern of dendrogram constructed based on SSR loci profile displayed good agreement with the cultivar's pedigree information. High level of genetic similarity observed among the genotypes from the present study necessitates the inclusion of wild relatives, land races and traditional cultivars in future soybean breeding programmes to widen the crop gene pool. Thus, hybridization among diverse gene pool could result in more heterotic combinations ultimately enhancing genetic gain, crop yield and resistance to various stress factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Jeevan Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Seed Science, Mau, Kushmaur, Uttar Pradesh, 275103, India.
- ICAR-Directorate of Floricultural Research, Pune, Maharashtra, 411 036, India.
| | - C Susmita
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Seed Science, Mau, Kushmaur, Uttar Pradesh, 275103, India
| | - K V Sripathy
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Seed Science, Mau, Kushmaur, Uttar Pradesh, 275103, India
| | - Dinesh K Agarwal
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Seed Science, Mau, Kushmaur, Uttar Pradesh, 275103, India
| | - Govind Pal
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Seed Science, Mau, Kushmaur, Uttar Pradesh, 275103, India
| | - Arvind Nath Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Seed Science, Mau, Kushmaur, Uttar Pradesh, 275103, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Seed Science, Mau, Kushmaur, Uttar Pradesh, 275103, India
| | - Abhishek Kumar Rai
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Seed Science, Mau, Kushmaur, Uttar Pradesh, 275103, India
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical Chemistry and Food Science Department, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, 32004, Ourense, Spain.
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Fernández AF, Abad PV, Nóvoa AAR. 3D photogrammetry as a tool for studying erosive processes at a Roman coastal site: the case of the Roman fish-salting plant at Sobreira (Vigo, Spain). Archaeol Anthropol Sci 2022; 14:32. [PMID: 35211209 PMCID: PMC8827392 DOI: 10.1007/s12520-022-01508-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rising sea levels, along with other biological and human factors, have increased erosion rates at a number of important sites located along the Atlantic coastline. Project GaltFish implemented a series of contingency measures to record some of these sites before they degraded further or totally disappeared. This process involved detailed photogrammetric recording of some of the sites under threat over a set period of time. One of the sites selected for this project was Sobreira (Vigo, Galicia): a Roman fish-salting factory which was partially destroyed by building activity in the 1980s and the remains of which are under threat from marine erosion and human action. In order to study the site, two photogrammetric models were created to examine the effect of erosive processes across the course of one year. The results illustrate that photogrammetry is an efficient tool for recording and analysing the issue of erosion. The data compiled helped in designing additional action in the factory, which was subject to a rescue excavation to record and help protect the site from further damage. This paper presents the results of this project, as well as the methodology used to produce the models, the data generated and their analysis. It is argued that the methodology can be used to collect and analyse data from other sites, and that this data could inform the political/administrative decision-making processes which concern the future management and preservation of archaeological sites under threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adolfo Fernández Fernández
- Faculty of History, Department of Art, Geography and History, GEAAT, University of Vigo, Olga Gallego 1st floor, 28, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Patricia Valle Abad
- Faculty of History, Department of Art, Geography and History, GEAAT, University of Vigo, Olga Gallego 1st floor, 28, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Alba Antía Rodríguez Nóvoa
- Faculty of History, Department of Art, Geography and History, GEAAT, University of Vigo, Olga Gallego 1st floor, 28, 32004 Ourense, Spain
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Wu J, Zhai Y, Monikh FA, Arenas-Lago D, Grillo R, Vijver MG, Peijnenburg WJGM. The Differences between the Effects of a Nanoformulation and a Conventional Form of Atrazine to Lettuce: Physiological Responses, Defense Mechanisms, and Nutrient Displacement. J Agric Food Chem 2021; 69:12527-12540. [PMID: 34657419 PMCID: PMC8554755 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of nanotechnology influences the developments within the agro-sector. An example is provided by the production of nanoenabled pesticides with the intention to optimize the efficiency of the pesticides. At the same time, it is important to collect information on the unintended and unwanted adverse effects of emerging nanopesticides on nontarget plants. Currently, this information is limited. In the present study, we compared the effects of a nanoformulation of atrazine (NPATZ) and the nonencapsulated atrazine formulation (ATZ) on physiological responses, defense mechanisms, and nutrient displacement in lettuce over time with the applied concentrations ranging from 0.3 to 3 mg atrazine per kg soil. Our results revealed that both NPATZ and ATZ induced significant decreases in plant biomass, chlorophyll content, and protein content. Additionally, exposure to NPATZ and ATZ caused oxidative stress to the lettuce plant and significantly elevated the activities of the tested ROS scavenger enzymes in plant tissues. These results indicate that NPATZ and ATZ cause distinct adverse impacts on lettuce plants. When comparing the adverse effects in plants after exposure to NPATZ and ATZ, no obvious differences in plant biomass and chlorophyll content were observed between NPATZ and ATZ treatments at the same exposure concentration regardless of exposure duration. An enhanced efficiency of the active ingredient of the nanopesticide as compared to the conventional formulation was observed after long-term exposure to the high concentration of NPATZ, as it induced higher impacts on plants in terms of the end points of the contents of protein, superoxide anion (O2̇-), and MDA, and the activities of stress-related enzymes as compared to the same concentration of ATZ. Furthermore, exposure to both NPATZ and ATZ disrupted the uptake of mineral nutrients in plants, and the differences in the displacement of nutrients between the NPATZ and ATZ treatments depended on the element type, plant organ, exposure concentration, and time. Overall, the application dose of a nanopesticide should balance their increased herbicidal efficiency with the long-term adverse effects in order to maximize the desired impact while minimizing adverse impacts; only then will we be able to understand the potential impact of nanopesticides on the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wu
- Leiden
University, Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yujia Zhai
- Leiden
University, Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Fazel Abdolahpur Monikh
- Leiden
University, Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Arenas-Lago
- University
of Vigo, Department of Plant Biology and
Soil Science, As Lagoas, Marcosende, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Renato Grillo
- Department
of Physics and Chemistry, School of Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 15385-000 Ilha Solteira, SP Brazil
| | - Martina G. Vijver
- Leiden
University, Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Willie J. G. M. Peijnenburg
- Leiden
University, Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
- National
Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, Bilthoven 3720 BA, The
Netherlands
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Beiras R. Towards standard methods for the classification of aquatic toxicity for biologically active household chemicals (BAHC) present in plastics, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetic products. Environ Monit Assess 2021; 193:685. [PMID: 34599667 PMCID: PMC8487416 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09436-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A standard method to test the aquatic toxicity of biologically active household chemicals (BAHC), including those with very low water solubility, is proposed. The method uses the common marine models Paracentrotus lividus embryos and Acartia clausi larvae, in order to advance towards derivation of water quality criteria for these emerging pollutants that currently lack environmental standards. Depending on the water solubility and octanol-water partition coefficient (Kow) of the substance, the protocol consists of testing the toxicity of the substances by serial dilutions of water stocks, dimethyl-sulfoxide stocks, or 100 mg/L lixiviates in seawater. When this method is applied to eleven model BAHC, the pharmaceutical fluoxetine, the antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene, and the UV filters broadly present in cosmetics octocrylene and 4-methylbenzylidene camphor, are classified as very toxic to aquatic life, since their EC50 values are < 1 mg/L. In general, both biological models, P. lividus and A. clausi, yield the same classification of the substances tested, but variations in the classification of aquatic toxicity depending on methodological aspects are discussed. The use of A. clausi nauplii provides more protecting value to the toxicity parameters obtained by using this protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Beiras
- Department of Ecology and Animal Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, University of Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Galicia, Spain.
- ECIMAT-CIM, University of Vigo, Illa de Toralla, 36331, Vigo, Galicia, Spain.
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Costa M, Losada-Barreiro S, Paiva-Martins F, Bravo-Díaz C. Polyphenolic Antioxidants in Lipid Emulsions: Partitioning Effects and Interfacial Phenomena. Foods 2021; 10:539. [PMID: 33807705 PMCID: PMC8001919 DOI: 10.3390/foods10030539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The autoxidation of lipids in complex systems such as emulsions or biological membranes, although known to occur readily and to be associated with important pathological events, is lacking in quantitative data in spite of the huge efforts that have been made in attempting to unravel the complex mechanisms of lipid oxidation and its inhibition by antioxidants. Lipids are present as oil-in-water emulsions in many foods and pharmaceutical formulations, and the prevalent role of the interfacial region is critical to understand the antioxidant behavior and to correctly interpret antioxidant efficiencies. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on the chemical fate of antioxidants before they react with peroxyl radicals. Many researchers highlighted the predominant role of interfaces, and although some attempts have been made to understand their role, in most instances, they were essentially qualitative and based on putative hypotheses. It is only recently that quantitative reports have been published. Indeed, knowledge on the effects of relevant experimental variables on the effective concentrations of antioxidants is necessary for a successful design of alternate, effective antioxidative solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Costa
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (M.C.); (S.L.-B.); (F.P.-M.)
| | - Sonia Losada-Barreiro
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (M.C.); (S.L.-B.); (F.P.-M.)
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad de Vigo, 36200 Vigo, Spain
| | - Fátima Paiva-Martins
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (M.C.); (S.L.-B.); (F.P.-M.)
| | - Carlos Bravo-Díaz
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad de Vigo, 36200 Vigo, Spain
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López-Malvar A, Butron A, Malvar RA, McQueen-Mason SJ, Faas L, Gómez LD, Revilla P, Figueroa-Garrido DJ, Santiago R. Association mapping for maize stover yield and saccharification efficiency using a multiparent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) population. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3425. [PMID: 33564080 PMCID: PMC7873224 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83107-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulosic ethanol derived from fast growing C4 grasses could become an alternative to finite fossil fuels. With the potential to generate a major source of lignocellulosic biomass, maize has gained importance as an outstanding model plant for studying the complex cell wall network and also to optimize crop breeding strategies in bioenergy grasses. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted using a subset of 408 Recombinant Inbred Lines (RILs) from a Multi-Parent Advanced Generation Intercross (MAGIC) Population in order to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with yield and saccharification efficiency of maize stover. We identified 13 SNPs significantly associated with increased stover yield that corresponded to 13 QTL, and 2 SNPs significantly associated with improved saccharification efficiency, that could be clustered into 2 QTL. We have pointed out the most interesting SNPs to be implemented in breeding programs based on results from analyses of averaged and yearly data. Association mapping in this MAGIC population highlight genomic regions directly linked to traits that influence the final use of maize. Markers linked to these QTL could be used in genomic or marker-assisted selection programs to improve biomass quality for ethanol production. This study opens a possible optimisation path for improving the viability of second-generation biofuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- A López-Malvar
- Facultad de Biología, Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ciencias del Suelo, Universidad de Vigo, As Lagoas Marcosende, 36310, Vigo, Spain.
- Agrobiología Ambiental, Calidad de Suelos y Plantas (UVIGO), Unidad Asociada a la MBG (CSIC), Pontevedra, Spain.
| | - A Butron
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Pazo de Salcedo, Carballeira 8, 36143, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - R A Malvar
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Pazo de Salcedo, Carballeira 8, 36143, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - S J McQueen-Mason
- Department of Biology, Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, CNAP, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - L Faas
- Department of Biology, Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, CNAP, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - L D Gómez
- Department of Biology, Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, CNAP, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - P Revilla
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Pazo de Salcedo, Carballeira 8, 36143, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - D J Figueroa-Garrido
- Facultad de Biología, Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ciencias del Suelo, Universidad de Vigo, As Lagoas Marcosende, 36310, Vigo, Spain
- Agrobiología Ambiental, Calidad de Suelos y Plantas (UVIGO), Unidad Asociada a la MBG (CSIC), Pontevedra, Spain
| | - R Santiago
- Facultad de Biología, Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ciencias del Suelo, Universidad de Vigo, As Lagoas Marcosende, 36310, Vigo, Spain
- Agrobiología Ambiental, Calidad de Suelos y Plantas (UVIGO), Unidad Asociada a la MBG (CSIC), Pontevedra, Spain
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Rodríguez-Vila A, Selwyn-Smith H, Enunwa L, Smail I, Covelo EF, Sizmur T. Predicting Cu and Zn sorption capacity of biochar from feedstock C/N ratio and pyrolysis temperature. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:7730-7739. [PMID: 29288302 PMCID: PMC5847629 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-1047-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Biochars have been proposed for remediation of metal-contaminated water due to their low cost, high surface area and high sorption capacity for metals. However, there is a lack of understanding over how feedstock material and pyrolysis conditions contribute to the metal sorption capacity of biochar. We produced biochars from 10 different organic materials by pyrolysing at 450 °C and a further 10 biochars from cedar wood by pyrolysing at 50 °C intervals (250-700 °C). Batch sorption experiments were conducted to derive the maximum Cu and Zn sorption capacity of each biochar. The results revealed an exponential relationship between Cu and Zn sorption capacity and the feedstock C/N ratio and a sigmoidal relationship between the pyrolysis temperature and the maximum Cu and Zn sorption capacity. FTIR analysis revealed that as temperature increased, the abundance of functional groups reduced. We conclude that the high sorption capacity of high temperature biochars is due to an electrostatic attraction between positively charged Cu and Zn ions and delocalised pi-electrons on the greater surface area of these biochars. These findings demonstrate a method for predicting the maximum sorption capacity of a biochar based on the feedstock C/N ratio and the pyrolysis temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Rodríguez-Vila
- Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, Reading, UK
- Department of Plant Biology and Soil Science, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Heather Selwyn-Smith
- Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Laurretta Enunwa
- Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | | | - Emma F Covelo
- Department of Plant Biology and Soil Science, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Tom Sizmur
- Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, Reading, UK.
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