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Rauf A, Naz S, Akram Z, Saleem M, Alomar TS, AlMasoud N, Ribaudo G. Bioactivity of 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one from pistacia chinensis on ENPP1 and aldose reductase. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-5. [PMID: 38712509 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2344744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Pistacia chinensis is used as a decorative tree and currently studied as a source of biofuels. Besides, its parts and extracts are endowed with several therapeutic uses which have been widely explored in traditional medicine and that are related to its rich composition in phytochemicals. Molecular docking and enzymatic inhibition tests were used to study the activity of eriodictyol, a flavonoid extracted from the barks of P. chinensis, against ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) and aldose reductase (ALR2). The compound was highlighted as a micromolar inhibitor in vitro (IC50 = 263.76 ± 1.32 µM and 4.21 ± 0.94 µM, respectively) and docking showed that eriodictyol efficiently targets the binding sites of the enzymes. In conclusion, this study unveils the potential of eriodictyol on enzymes that are involved in immunostimulation and in complications of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Pakistan
| | - Saima Naz
- Department of Biotechnology, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Charsadda, Pakistan
| | - Zuneera Akram
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saleem
- Department of Chemistry, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Taghrid S Alomar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najla AlMasoud
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Giovanni Ribaudo
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Rauf A, Rashid U, Shah ZA, Khalil AA, Shah M, Tufail T, Rehman G, Rahman A, Naz S, Alsahammari A, Alharbi M, Al-Shahrani A, Formanowicz D. Anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic properties of indanone derivative isolated from Fernandoa adenophylla in vitro and in silico studies. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9624. [PMID: 38671030 PMCID: PMC11053151 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59703-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Fernandoa adenophylla, due to the presence of phytochemicals, has various beneficial properties and is used in folk medicine to treat many conditions. This study aimed to isolate indanone derivative from F. adenophylla root heartwood and assess in-vitro anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic characteristics at varying concentrations. Heat-induced hemolysis and glucose uptake by yeast cells assays were conducted to evaluate these properties. Besides, docking analyses were performed on four molecular targets. These studies were combined with molecular dynamics simulations to elucidate the time-evolving inhibitory effect of selected inhibitors within the active pockets of the target proteins (COX-1 and COX-2). Indanone derivative (10-100 µM) inhibited the lysis of human red blood cells from 9.12 ± 0.75 to 72.82 ± 4.36% and, at 5-100 µM concentrations, it significantly increased the yeast cells' glucose uptake (5.16 ± 1.28% to 76.59 ± 1.62%). Concluding, the isolated indanone might act as an anti-diabetic agent by interacting with critical amino acid residues of 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and it showed a binding affinity with anti-inflammatory targets COX-1, COX-2, and TNF-α. Besides, the obtained results may help to consider the indanone derivative isolated from F. adenophylla as a promising candidate for drug delivery, subject to outcomes of further in vivo and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Anbar, 23430, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan.
| | - Umer Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Islamabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Zafar Ali Shah
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Anees Ahmed Khalil
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shah
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Islamabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Tabussam Tufail
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Gauhar Rehman
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan
| | - Abdur Rahman
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan
| | - Saima Naz
- Institute of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan
| | - Abdulrahman Alsahammari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Post Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Metab Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Post Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmajeed Al-Shahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Post Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Laboratory Department, Almadah General Hospital, Ministry of Health, Khamis Mushait, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dorota Formanowicz
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806, Poznan, Poland.
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, National Research Institute, Kolejowa 2, 62-064, Plewiska, Poland.
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Abu-Izneid T, Rauf A, Akram Z, Naz S, Wadood A, Muhammad N, Hayat C, Al-Awthan YS, Bahattab OS. Discovery of new α-glucosides, antiglycation agent, and in silico study of 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7,8-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-4H-chromen-4-one isolated from Pistacia chinensis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27298. [PMID: 38495136 PMCID: PMC10943337 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Pistacia chinensis is locally practiced for treating diabetes, pain, inflammation, and erectile dysfunction. Therefore, the current studies subjected the crude extract/fractions and the isolated compound (2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7,8-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-4H-chromen-4-one) to α-glucosidase inhibitor and anti-glycation activities. The development of long-term complications associated with diabetes is primarily caused by chronic hyperglycemia. Regarding α-glucosidase, the most significant inhibitory effect was observed with compound 1 (93.09%), followed by the methanolic extract (80.87%) with IC50 values of 45.86 and 86.32 μM. The maximum anti-glycation potential was shown by an isolated compound 1 followed by methanolic extract with effect inhibition of 90.12 and 72.09, respectively. Compound 1 is expected to have the highest gastrointestinal absorption rate, with a predicted absorption rate of 86.156%. This indicates oral suitability. The compound 1 is expected to have no harmful effects on the liver. In addition, our docking results suggest that alpha-glucosidase and isolated compounds showed strong interaction with ILE821, GLN900, and ALA901 residues, along with a -11.95 docking score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareq Abu-Izneid
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Program, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain, 64141, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Anbar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Zuneera Akram
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Saima Naz
- Institute of Biotechnology & Microbiology, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan KPK, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Muhammad
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan, University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Chandni Hayat
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan KPK, Pakistan
| | - Yahya S. Al-Awthan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar S. Bahattab
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
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Abu-Izneid T, Rauf A, Ahmad Z, Wadood A, Ayub K, Muhammad N, Al-Awthan YS, Maqbool M, Bahattab OS, Hemeg HA, Naz S, Formanowicz D. Density functional theory (DFT), molecular docking, and xanthine oxidase inhibitory studies of dinaphthodiospyrol S from Diospyros kaki L. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:101936. [PMID: 38261938 PMCID: PMC10797153 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In this work, we investigated Diospyros kaki extract and an isolated compound for their potential as xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitors, a target enzyme involved in inflammatory disorders. The prepared extract was subjected to column chromatography, and dinaphthodiospyrol S was isolated. Then XO inhibitory properties were assessed using a spectrophotometry microplate reader. DMSO was taken as a negative control, and allopurinol was used as a standard drug. The molecular docking study of the isolated compound to the XO active site was performed, followed by visualization and protein-ligand interaction. The defatted chloroform extract showed the highest inhibitory effect, followed by the chloroform extract and the isolated compound. The isolated compound exhibited significant inhibitory activity against XO with an IC50 value of 1.09 µM. Molecular docking studies showed that the compound strongly interacts with XO, forming hydrogen bond interactions with Arg149 and Cys113 and H-pi interactions with Cys116 and Leu147. The binding score of -7.678 kcal/mol further supported the potential of the isolated compound as an XO inhibitor. The quantum chemical procedures were used to study the electronic behavior of dinaphthodiospyrol S isolated from D. kaki. Frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis was performed to understand the distribution of electronic density, highest occupied molecular orbital HOMO, lowest unoccupied molecular orbital LUMO, and energy gaps. The values of HOMO, LUMO, and energy gap were found to be -6.39, -3.51 and 2.88 eV respectively. The FMO results indicated the intramolecular charge transfer. Moreover, reactivity descriptors were also determined to confirm the stability of the compound. The molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) investigation was done to analyze the electrophilic and nucleophilic sites within a molecule. The oxygen atoms in the compound exhibited negative potential, indicating that they are favorable sites for electrophilic attacks. The results indicate its potential as a therapeutic agent for related disorders. Further studies are needed to investigate this compound's in vivo efficacy and safety as a potential drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareq Abu-Izneid
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain 64141, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Ambar 23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Zubair Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Ambar 23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan, University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Muhammad
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan, University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Yahya S. Al-Awthan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71421, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ibb University, Ibb 70270, Yemen
| | - Maria Maqbool
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Omar S. Bahattab
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A. Hemeg
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, P.O. Box 344, Al-Madinah Al-Monawra 41411, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saima Naz
- Institute of Biotechnology & Microbiology, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (K.P.), Pakistan
| | - Dorota Formanowicz
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
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Naz S, Sychra O, Rizvi SA, Dharejo AM. The genus Neopsittaconirmus (Psocodea: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from parrots of Pakistan, and evaluation of its distribution on captive parrots (Psittaciformes) around the world. Res Vet Sci 2024; 167:105121. [PMID: 38150940 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.105121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
The genus Neopsittaconirmus Conci, 1942 is a host-specific genus, found on both wild and captive parrots and love birds (order Psittaciformes). Two species of this genus: N. lybartota (Ansari, 1947) and N. chandabani (Ansari, 1947) have been previously reported from the Punjab province, Pakistan. We recorded N. lybartota from Psittacula eupatria nipalensis (n = 2), Psittacula krameri borealis (n = 13), and captive Psittacula krameri krameri (n = 4) with the mean intensity of 2.0 ± 1, 2.13 ± 0.35 and 2.25 ± 0.47, respectively; the prevalence of louse infestation was 62% in P. krameri borealis and 100% in P. krameri krameri and P. eupatria nipalensis. From this material, we redescribed its morphological variations in taxonomic features. Records on P. eupatria nipalensis and P. krameri krameri represent new host associations for this species of louse. We also present a new record of Neopsittaconirmus vendulae from a captive cockatiel, Nymphicus hollandicua (n = 3) in Pakistan, with mean intensity of 2.6 ± 0.66. Intraspecific variability of this species is described in detail, with special reference to the male and female terminalia, and male genitalia. We aimed to update and extend the fauna of chewing lice infesting birds of Pakistan. Previous records of Neopsittaconirmus on captive parrots around the world are summarized and discussed. Despite long-standing systematic veterinary care, some Neopsittaconirmus have cosmopolitan distribution and they are able to survive and successfully reproduce in captivity with their hosts, and even colonize novel hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Naz
- Advanced Parasitology Research Laboratory (APRL), Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Sindh, Pakistan.
| | - Oldřich Sychra
- Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Syed Anser Rizvi
- Department of Zoology, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Ali Murtaza Dharejo
- Advanced Parasitology Research Laboratory (APRL), Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Sindh, Pakistan
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Abid F, Saleem M, Leghari T, Rafi I, Maqbool T, Fatima F, Arshad AM, Khurshid S, Naz S, Hadi F, Tahir M, Akhtar S, Yasir S, Mobashar A, Ashraf M. Evaluation of in vitro anticancer potential of pharmacological ethanolic plant extracts Acacia modesta and Opuntia monocantha against liver cancer cells. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e252526. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.252526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Acacia modesta (AM) and Opuntia monocantha (OM) are distributed in Pakistan, Afghanistan and India. Both of these plants have different pharmacological properties. This study was designed to evaluate anticancer potential of Acacia modesta (AM) and Opuntia monocantha (OM). Liver cancer cell line HepG2 was used for assessment of anticancer activity. For the evaluation of anti-proliferative effects, cell viability and cell death in all groups of cells were evaluated via MTT, crystal violet and trypan blue assays. For the evaluation of apoptosis ELISA of p53 performed. Furthermore, LDH assay to find out the ability of malignant cells to metabolize pyruvate to lactate and antioxidant enzymes activity (GSH, CAT and SOD) at the end HPLC was performed to find active compound of AM and OM. Cytotoxicity (MTT), Viability assays (trypan blue, crystal viability, MUSE analysis) showed more dead, less live cells in plant treated groups with increase of concentration. Scratch assay for the anti-migratory effect of these plants showed treated groups have not ability to heal scratch/wound. ELISA of p53 for cellular apoptosis showed more release of p53 in treated groups. Antioxidant assay via glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) showed less anti-oxidative potential in treated cancer groups. LDH assay showed more lactate dehydrogenase release in treated groups compared with untreated. HPLC analysis showed the presence of phytochemicals such as steroids, alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, anthraquinone and amino acids in AM and OM plant extracts. Based on all these findings, it can be concluded that ethanolic extracts of Acacia modesta and Opuntia monocantha have promising anti-cancer potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Abid
- Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan; The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M. Saleem
- Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan; University of the Punjab, Pakistan
| | | | - I. Rafi
- University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | | | - S. Naz
- University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - F. Hadi
- University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - S. Akhtar
- University of Lahore, Pakistan; University of Bradford, United Kingdom
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Latif M, Zahoor M, Muhammad A, Naz S, Kamran AW, Ullah R, Shah AB, Almeer R, Sayed A. Bioaccumulation of lead in different organs of Ctenopharyngodon Idella (grass fish) and Tor putitora (Mahseer) fish. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e260355. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.260355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Bioaccumulation of toxic heavy metals in the human body can give rise to adverse health effects, the severity of which depends upon their dosage and duration of exposure. In this study, yearlings of two different species of edible fish, i.e., Tor putitora (Mahseer) and Ctenopharyngodon Idella (grass carp), were exposed to different concentrations of lead nitrate in a controlled environment of aquarium for three different lengths of duration (14, 28, and 60 days). The bioaccumulation of lead in different organs, including gills, skin, muscles, liver, intestine, and swim bladder of the fish, was assessed using atomic absorption spectrometry. Generally, the highest lead concentration was observed in the gills and lowest in the muscles for both species at each experimental dosage and duration. In 14-days exposure, the relative pattern of bioaccumulation in different organs was observed as gill > liver > skin > intestine > swim bladder > muscle for both fish species. Similarly, the pattern of bioaccumulation observed in 28-days exposure was as: gill > liver > intestine > skin > swim bladder > muscle in both species. Whereas, pattern in 60-days exposure was observed as gill > liver > intestine > swim bladder > muscle > skin. The data shows that grass carp had stored higher concentrations of lead than Mahseer, which may be attributed to the fact that they are omnivorous. Furthermore, the lowest bioaccumulation was recorded in the muscles until the 56th day of the exposure, after which the concentration steadily increased in the muscles. The observed pattern highlights the importance of exposure’s duration to lead; chronic exposure could result in its bioaccumulation at toxic concentrations in the muscles, which is particularly of concern because the fish muscles are heavily consumed as food worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Latif
- University of Peshawar, Islamia College, Pakistan
| | | | - A. Muhammad
- University of Peshawar, Islamia College, Pakistan
| | - S. Naz
- University of Malakand, Pakistan
| | | | - R. Ullah
- King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - A. B. Shah
- Gyeongsang National University, Republic of South Korea
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Khan JM, Tahir M, Qamar MF, Naz S, Rauf M, Noreen R, Ayaz MM, Khan M, Ahmad M, Khurshid U, Saeed S, Iqbal MJ, Younas QUA, Hameed Y. Mutations in the bone morphogenetic protein 15 gene causing defective protein secretion in Cholistani infertile sheep. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e256923. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.256923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Naturally occurring mutations in morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) are associated with decreased ovulation rate (OR), litter size (LS), and sterility. It is of a great interest to elucidate BMP15 gene in Cholistani sheep breed to uplift socio-economic status and the knowledge of Cholistani sheep breeding in Southern Punjab, Pakistan. In our study, a total of 50 infertile Cholistani sheep aged between 2-6 years and having no blood relation were screened for BMP15 mutations. For this purpose, a high-quality DNA was extracted from the blood of sheep followed by primer designing, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification, DNA sequencing, and in silico analyses. Out of total 50 samples, 9 samples including case 1 (T3), case 2 (T8), case 3 (T17), case 4 (T22), case 5 (T25), case 6 (T33), case 7 (T40), case 8 (T44), and case 9 (T47) were found positive for a variety of already reported and novel BMP15 mutations. Further in silico analyses of the observed mutations have shown the functional impact of these mutations on different characteristics (molecular weight, theoretical PI, estimated half-life, instability index, sub-cellular localization, and 3D confirmation) of the encoded proteins, possibly altering the normal functionality. In a nutshell, findings of this study have confirmed the possible essential role of the BMP15 mutations in the infertility of the Cholistani sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. M. Khan
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | | | - M. F. Qamar
- College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - S. Naz
- The Government Sadiq College Women University Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - M. Rauf
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - R. Noreen
- Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M. M. Ayaz
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - M. Khan
- The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - M. Ahmad
- The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - U. Khurshid
- The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - S. Saeed
- The Government Sadiq College Women University, Pakistan
| | | | - Q. U. A. Younas
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - Y. Hameed
- The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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Khan M, Khan I, Tauseef I, Haleem KS, Shah TA, Naz S, Nazir N, Aziz T, Thamer HA. Cloning and periplasmic soluble expression of hepatitis B surface antigen gene in Escherichia coli. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:11734-11745. [PMID: 38164836 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202312_34770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to clone and express the hepatitis B surface antigen gene (HBsAg) in Escherichia coli (E. coli), thereby aiming to develop potential local therapeutics for combating Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in the Pakistani community by producing HBsAg in E. coli. MATERIALS AND METHODS Blood serum samples were collected from hepatitis B-infected patients, and their genomic DNA was extracted. Real-time and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to amplify the HBsAg gene. The gene of interest was cloned into the pET20b expression vector and transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3) using Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) induction. The gene's precise size was confirmed with gene-specific external and internal primers (681 bp and 400 bp, respectively). RESULTS The HBsAg gene was successfully sequenced and submitted to GenBank, exhibiting 98% homology with targeted HBV sequences worldwide. The expression of HBsAg protein was confirmed through silver staining, Coomassie staining, western blot, and dot blot analysis. CONCLUSIONS The expressed protein clones are now available for further development as a local recombinant DNA vaccine to prevent hepatitis B viral infection in the local community.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Hazara University, Garden Campus, Mansehra, Pakistan.
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Hamid M, Salar U, Rashid Y, Azim MK, Khan KM, Naz S, Aziz T, Alharbi M, Alshammari A, Alasmari AF. Determining the 3-substituted Coumarins inhibitory potential against the HslV protease of E. coli. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:9169-9182. [PMID: 37843331 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202310_33945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The growing bacterial resistance towards classical antibiotics demands the development of novel approaches for the effective treatment of potentially fatal bacterial infections in humans. Proteostasis is crucial for the survival of every living cell, as several important physiological functions depend on well-regulated proteostasis. Within bacteria, the regulation of proteostasis relies on AAA+ (Adenosine 5'-triphosphatases associated with diverse cellular activities), ATPases, such as the HslVU complex (heat shock locus gene products U and V), along with other proteases. The HslVU protease/chaperon complex is thought to be the progenitor of the eukaryotic proteasome that regulates proteostasis mostly in prokaryotes. This study aimed to determine the inhibitory potential of 3-substituted coumarin derivatives against Escherichia coli heat shock locus V (HslV) protease. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, twenty-three derivatives of 3-substituted coumarin were assessed for their inhibitory potential against E. coli HslV protease using both in-vitro and in-silico techniques. RESULTS Among all the tested compounds, US-I-64, US-I-66, US-I-67, and US-I-68 displayed notable inhibitory potential against the HslV protease, showing IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration) values ranging from 0.2 to 0.73 μM. Additionally, the inhibitory potential of these compounds against the eukaryotic proteasome was also evaluated using a separate in-silico study. It was found that these compounds did not bind with the proteasomal active site, suggesting no apparent side effects of these lead molecules. CONCLUSIONS These identified HslV protease inhibitors can be used for the development of novel and safer anti-bacterial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hamid
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
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Rauf A, Rashid U, Atta A, Khan I, Shah ZA, Mobeen B, Javed A, Alomar TS, Almasoud N, Naz S, Ahmad Z, Ribaudo G. Antiproliferative Activity of Lignans from Olea ferruginea: In Vitro Evidence Supported by Docking Studies. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2023; 28:216. [PMID: 37796717 DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2809216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the current study was to investigate the anticancer potential of bioactive compounds isolated from the leaves of Olea ferruginea (O. ferruginea). Lignans from O. ferruginea were previously described to possess antibacterial, antileishmanial, and antioxidant properties. Nevertheless, the antiproliferative activity of cycloolivil (1), ferruginan (2), and ferruginan A (3) have not been investigated in depth. METHODS The compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of the leaves extract of O. ferruginea. The isolated molecules were evaluated for their anticancer activity against U-87 MG malignant glioma cells. In parallel, molecular docking studies were also performed to investigate the interaction of the compounds with a duplex DNA sequence and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). RESULTS In vitro tests showed that all three compounds inhibit U-87 MG malignant glioma cell proliferation dose-dependently in the µM range, and ferruginan A (3) was highlighted as the most promising compound of the set. Molecular docking studies showed that the compounds could interfere with double stranded DNA possessing a cisplatin 1,2-d(GpG) intrastrand cross-link and EGFR. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the findings suggest that the tested compounds from O. ferruginea may represent a starting point for the identification of novel tools to inhibit glioma cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, 11671 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Anbar, 23430 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (K.P.), Pakistan
| | - Umer Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, 22060 Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Aniqa Atta
- Cancer Cell Culture & Precision Oncomedicine Lab, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, 25100 Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ishaq Khan
- Cancer Cell Culture & Precision Oncomedicine Lab, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, 25100 Peshawar, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taxes A&M Health Science Center, Joe H. Reynolds Medical Sciences Build, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Zafar Ali Shah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Anbar, 23430 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (K.P.), Pakistan
| | - Bushra Mobeen
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, 22060 Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Taghrid S Alomar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, 11671 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najla Almasoud
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, 11671 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saima Naz
- Institute of Biotechnology & Microbiology, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, 24540 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (K.P.), Pakistan
| | - Zubair Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Anbar, 23430 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (K.P.), Pakistan
| | - Giovanni Ribaudo
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
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Naz S, Chatha AMM, Danabas D, Khan MF, Xu Y, Zhu P, Shafique L. Bioaccumulation Pattern and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Cirrhinus mrigala at Panjnad Headworks, Bahawalpur, Pakistan. Toxics 2023; 11:596. [PMID: 37505563 PMCID: PMC10384201 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11070596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal accumulation in freshwater ecosystem has become one of the major aquatic environmental concerns for freshwater flora and fauna due to their higher stability and bioaccumulation as well as bio-magnification properties. Furthermore, passing through the food web, these heavy metals affect human populations ultimately. This study assessed the heavy metal accumulation in Cirrhinus mrigala in spring, autumn, and winter at different locations (I, II, and III) of Panjnad headwork. Furthermore, the human health risk assessment for the consumption of C. mrigala from the sampling locations was also carried out. Fish were collected from upper (I), middle (II), and lower (III) stream of Panjnad on a monthly basis. The current study evaluated the accumulation of Aluminum (Al), Arsenic (As), Barium (Ba), and Lead (Pb) in various fish organs (liver, kidney, gills, fins, skin, muscles and bones) and assessed their potential hazard to human health through health risk assessment indicators. The results demonstrated a significant difference (p < 0.05) in heavy metal accumulation in different fish organs, seasons, and locations. The accumulation of Al, As, Ba, and Pb were considerably higher in liver and kidney as compared to the other body organs and followed a trend of liver > kidney > gills > fins > skin > bones > muscle and the overall mean concentrations of metals in different body tissues of C. mrigala were in the order of Al > As > Ba > Pb. The results also concluded that C. mrigala caught from the Panjnad headwork is not safe for human consumption due to higher values of TTHQIng (3.76), THQIng for Ba (3.27) and CRIng for As (6.4742).
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Naz
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China
- Department of Zoology, Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur 36100, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Durali Danabas
- Fisheries Faculty, Munzur University, TR62000 Tunceli, Turkey
| | | | - Youhou Xu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China
| | - Laiba Shafique
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China
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Ikram A, Pervez S, Khadim MT, Sohaib M, Uddin H, Badar F, Masood AI, Khattak ZIA, Naz S, Rahat T, Murad N, Memon FN, Abid S, Bashir F, Rafique I, Mustafa MA, Kumar R, Shafiq A. National Cancer Registry of Pakistan: First Comprehensive Report of Cancer Statistics 2015-2019. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2023; 33:625-632. [PMID: 37300256 DOI: 10.29271/jcpsp.2023.06.625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compile a comprehensive national cancer registry report of Pakistan by merging and analysing cancer registration data received from major functional cancer registries in various parts of Pakistan. STUDY DESIGN Observational study. Place and Duration of the Study: Health Research Institute (HRI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Islamabad, from 2015-2019. METHODOLOGY Data from major cancer registries which included 'Punjab Cancer Registry (PCR), 'Karachi Cancer Registry (KCR)', 'Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) Cancer Registry', Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) Cancer Registry, Nishtar Medical University Hospital Multan (NMH), and Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad (SIH) registries were pooled, cleared, and analysed at HRI. RESULTS A total of 269,707 cancer cases were analysed. Gender-wise 46.7% were males and 53.61% were females. As per province-wise distribution, 45.13% of cases were from Punjab, 26.83% from Sindh, 16.46% from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), and 3.52% from Baluchistan. Both genders combined, 'breast cancer' 57633 (21.4%) was the most common cancer. In males, the top-5 cancers in order of frequency/percenatages were 'oral' 14477 (11.6%), 'liver' 8398 (6.73%), colorectal 8024 (6.43%), 'lung' 7547 (6.05%) and 'prostate' 7322 (5.87% cancers). In females, causes of the top-5-cancers included 'breast' 56250 (38.8%), 'ovary' 8823 (6.09%), 'oral' 7195 (4.97%), 'cervix' 6043 (4.17%), and 'colorectal' 4860 (3.36%) cancers. In children 'Leukemia' 1626 (14.50%) and in adolescents 'Bone' 880 (14%) were the leading malignancies. CONCLUSION Breast cancer is the most common cancer in females touching epidemic proportions while 'oral cancer' which is the leading cancer in males ranks third in frequency in females. Like 'oral cancer' which shows a strong correlation with chewing, other common cancers in Pakistan including liver cancer, lung cancer, and cervical cancer are also largely preventable as showed a strong correlation with hepatitis B and C, smoking, and high-risk human papillomavirus. KEY WORDS National Cancer Registry, Health Research Institute - NIH, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamer Ikram
- Health Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Muhammad Sohaib
- Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission Cancer Registry, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hafeez Uddin
- Armed Forces Institute of Pathology Cancer Registry, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | | | - Ahmed Ijaz Masood
- Nishtar Medical University Hospital Cancer Registry, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Zafar I A Khattak
- Shifa International Hospital Islamabad Cancer Registry, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saima Naz
- Health Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Rahat
- Health Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nighat Murad
- Health Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Farah Naz Memon
- Health Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Abid
- Health Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Bashir
- Health Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ibrar Rafique
- Health Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Roshan Kumar
- Health Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aisha Shafiq
- Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission Cancer Registry, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Asad F, Naz S, Ali T, Gul Y, Jamal R, Shaheen Z, Tasadaq M, Nadeem A, Anwar N, Batool N, Bano S. Effect of natural and synthetic androgen hormone on sex reversal of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 84:e272413. [PMID: 37255178 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.272413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to produce a monosex population of all male Nile tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) using 17α-methyl testosterone and common carp testes (as a source of natural androgen). Trial was conducted into two consecutive phases, the first was fry (4-5 days old)administration with negative control (without hormone) and positive control (with hormone) feed viz., MT1:60mg/kg, MT2:70mg/kg (17α-MT), carp testis CT1:70% and CT2:80% for 30 days to reverse the sex of male fish and the second phase was nursing the fingerlings for two months on control diet (32% Crude protein).Results revealed a significant growth rate (P<0.05) in the control group where final weight (4.8±0.34ab) and weight gained was recorded as 0.66±0.03ac. In proximate chemical composition of body meat, CT2 treatment showed maximum retention of crude protein, crude fat, and ash whereas dry matter showed maximum retention in MT2 and CT1 treatments. Morphological and histological examination revealed significant difference (p<0.05) in phenotypic males of Nile tilapia fed with the highest percent in MT-treated diet (MT2) of 95±0.58a while MT1, CT2 and CT1 had males of 85±6.0b, 70±5.0b and 65±6.5b, respectively. It was concluded that synthetic androgen (17αMT) was more effective for masculinization but natural androgen scan be an alternative method to produce male tilapia population in an environment-friendly manner as they are inexpensive, eco-friendly, and radially available. These results suggested that synthetic and natural androgen supplementation in the diet plays a significant role in improving growth performance and body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Asad
- Government College University Faisalabad, Zoology Department, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - S Naz
- Government College University Faisalabad, Zoology Department, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - T Ali
- Government College University Faisalabad, Zoology Department, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Y Gul
- Government College Women University Faisalabad, Zoology Department, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - R Jamal
- Government College University Faisalabad, Zoology Department, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Z Shaheen
- Government College University Faisalabad, Zoology Department, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - M Tasadaq
- Government College University Faisalabad, Zoology Department, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - A Nadeem
- Government College University Faisalabad, Zoology Department, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - N Anwar
- Government College University Faisalabad, Zoology Department, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - N Batool
- Government College University Faisalabad, Zoology Department, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - S Bano
- Government College University Faisalabad, Zoology Department, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
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Rauf A, Joshi PB, Ahmad Z, Hemeg HA, Olatunde A, Naz S, Hafeez N, Simal-Gandara J. Edible mushrooms as potential functional foods in amelioration of hypertension. Phytother Res 2023. [PMID: 37157920 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Edible mushrooms are popular functional foods attributed to their rich nutritional bioactive constituent profile influencing cardiovascular function. Edible mushrooms are omnipresent in various prescribed Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, Mediterranean diet, and fortified meal plans as they are rich in amino acids, dietary fiber, proteins, sterols, vitamins, and minerals. However, without an understanding of the influence of mushroom bioactive constituents, mechanism of action on heart and allergenicity, it is difficult to fully comprehend the role of mushrooms as dietary interventions in alleviating hypertension and other cardiovascular malfunctions. To accomplish this endeavor, we chose to review edible mushrooms and their bioactive constituents in ameliorating hypertension. Hypertension and cardiovascular diseases are interrelated and if the former is managed by dietary changes, it is postulated that overall heart health could also be improved. With a concise note on different edible varieties of mushrooms, a particular focus is presented on the antihypertensive potential of mushroom bioactive constituents, mode of action, absorption kinetics and bioavailability. Ergosterol, lovastatin, cordycepin, tocopherols, chitosan, ergothioneine, γ-aminobutyric acid, quercetin, and eritadenine are described as essential bioactives with hypotensive effects. Finally, safety concerns on allergens and limitations of consuming edible mushrooms with special reference to chemical toxins and their postulated metabolites are highlighted. It is opined that the present review will redirect toxicologists to further investigate mushroom bioactives and allergens, thereby influencing dietary interventions for heart health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Payal B Joshi
- Operations and Method Development, Shefali Research Laboratories, Ambernath, India
| | - Zubair Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Pakistan
| | - Hassan A Hemeg
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Olatunde
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria
| | - Saima Naz
- Department of Biotechnology, Bacha Khan University, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Nabia Hafeez
- Center of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical Chemistry and Food Science Department, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
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Chatha AMM, Naz S, Mansouri B, Nawaz A. Accumulation and human health risk assessment of trace elements in two fish species, Cirrhinus mrigala and Oreochromis niloticus, at Tarukri Drain, District Rahimyar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:56522-56533. [PMID: 36920608 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26337-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The toxic discharge of heavy metals into the water affects the aquatic ecosystem as well as the human population interacting with it because of their toxicity, bioaccumulation, long persistence, and transfer through the food chain. Thus, it is very important to conduct studies to determine the level of heavy metal pollution in order to better control, manage, and preserve the pollution of aquatic ecosystems. This study assessed heavy metal contamination in fish and its associated health risk to the population around the Tarukri Drain, Punjab, Pakistan. Two fish species (Oreochromis niloticus and Cirrhinus mrigala) were collected from three different sites in two different seasons. Collected fish were analyzed for cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn) accumulation using atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS). Furthermore, the human health risks associated with the consumption of affected fish were also assessed. Target hazardous quotient for seasonal consumers was between 0.12, - 1.58 × 10-4, and 0.54 - 3.28 × 10-4 (mg/kg) in O. niloticus and C. mrigala, respectively. While for regular consumers it was between 0.28-3.71 × 10-4 and 1.27-7.68 × 10-4 (mg/kg) in O. niloticus and C. mrigala respectively for the studied heavy metals. Fish sampled from Sadiqabad contained the highest concentration of heavy metals. The analysis of fish organs (kidney, liver, and muscles) showed heavy metal accumulation in the order of kidney > liver > muscles (p < 0.00). The obtained results showed that heavy metal contaminations in both fish species were within the permissible limits recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Both sampling seasons (i.e., summer and winter) showed a non-significant difference in heavy metal concentration. The calculated total target hazardous quotient across all heavy metals remained < 1 with only one exception. The carcinogenic risk assessment of heavy metals showed a non-significant effect in both fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Saima Naz
- Department of Zoology, The Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Borhan Mansouri
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Research Institute for Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Amna Nawaz
- Department of Zoology, The Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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Nawaz MZ, Nawaz H, Majeed MI, Rashid N, Javed MR, Naz S, Ali MZ, Sabir A, Sadaf N, Rafiq N, Shakeel M, Ali Z, Amin I. Comparison of surface-enhanced Raman spectral data sets of filtrate portions of serum samples of hepatitis B and Hepatitis C infected patients obtained by centrifugal filtration. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 42:103532. [PMID: 36963645 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is an efficient technique which has been used for the analysis of filtrate portions of serum samples of Hepatitis B (HBV) and Hepatitis C (HCV) virus. OBJECTIVES The main reason for this study is to differentiate and compare HBV and HCV serum samples for disease diagnosis through SERS. Hepatitis B and hepatitis C disease biomarkers are more predictable in their centrifuged form as compared in their uncentrifuged form. For differentiation of SERS spectral data sets of hepatitis B, hepatitis C and healthy person principal component analysis (PCA) proved to be a helpful. Centrifugally filtered serum samples of hepatitis B and hepatitis C are clearly differentiated from centrifugally filtered serum samples of healthy individuals by using partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). METHODOLOGY Serum sample of HBV, HCV and healthy patients were centrifugally filtered to separate filtrate portion for studying biochemical changes in serum sample. The SERS of these samples is performed using silver nanoparticles as substrates to identify specific spectral features of both viral diseases which can be used for the diagnosis and differentiation of these diseases. The purpose of centrifugal filtration of the serum samples of HBV and HCV positive and control samples by using filter membranes of 50 KDa size is to eliminate the proteins bigger than 50 KDa so that their contribution in the SERS spectrum is removed and disease related smaller proteins may be observed. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) are statistical tools which were used for the further validation of SERS. RESULTS HBV and HCV centrifugally filtered serum sample were compared and biomarkers including (uracil, phenylalanine, methionine, adenine, phosphodiester, proline, tyrosine, tryptophan, amino acid, thymine, fatty acid, nucleic acid, triglyceride, guanine and hydroxyproline) were identified through PCA and PLS-DA. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were used as a multivariate data analysis tool for the diagnosis of the characteristic SERS spectral features associated with both types of viral diseases. For the classification and differentiation of centrifugally filtered HBV, HCV, and control serum samples, Principal component analysis is found helpful. Moreover, PLS-DA can classify these two distinct sets of SERS spectral data with 0.90 percent specificity, 0.85 percent precision, and 0.83 percent accuracy. CONCLUSIONS Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy along with chemometric analysis like PCA and PLS-DA have been successfully differentiated HBV and HCV and healthy individuals' serum samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zaman Nawaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad (38000), Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad (38000), Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Irfan Majeed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad (38000), Pakistan.
| | - Nosheen Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Education, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad (38000), Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Rizwan Javed
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Faisalabad (38000), Pakistan
| | - Saima Naz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Education, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad (38000), Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zeeshan Ali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad (38000), Pakistan
| | - Amina Sabir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad (38000), Pakistan
| | - Nimra Sadaf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad (38000), Pakistan
| | - Nighat Rafiq
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad (38000), Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shakeel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad (38000), Pakistan
| | - Zain Ali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad (38000), Pakistan
| | - Imran Amin
- PCR Laboratory, PINUM Hospital, Faisalabad (38000), Pakistan
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Naz S, Hussain R, Guangbin Z, Chatha AMM, Rehman ZU, Jahan S, Liaquat M, Khan A. Copper sulfate induces clinico-hematological, oxidative stress, serum biochemical and histopathological changes in freshwater fish rohu ( Labeo rohita). Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1142042. [PMID: 36968466 PMCID: PMC10034017 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1142042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite being an essential trace element for numerous metabolic processes and micronutrients, copper (Cu) has induced adverse effects on the environment and public health due to its continuous and widespread use for the last several decades. The current study assessed the hematological and histopathological alterations in the freshwater fish (Labeo rohita) exposed to graded concentrations of copper sulfate. For this purpose, L. rohita fish (n = 72), weighing ~200-215 g, were randomly divided into four experimental groups and then exposed to acute doses of CuSO4, i.e., control, 0.28, 0.42, and 0.56 μgL-1. For comparative analysis of hematological and biochemical changes, blood/serum samples were obtained on 12, 24, and 36 days. Overall, the body weight of fish decreased with the time and dose of CuSO4; as the dose increases, body weight decreases. Dose and time-dependent results were observed in other parameters also. Results showed a significant increase in leukocytes, whereas red blood cells count, Hb, and Hct were significantly reduced in treated groups compared to the control. The mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MHC) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) showed a non-significant decrease in treated groups compared to the control group. Serum biochemical parameters, including total proteins, albumin, and globulin, decreased significantly (p < 0.05). At the same time, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glucose, and cholesterol were significantly (p < 0.05) increased in the treated groups compared to the control group. Significantly (p < 0.05) increased levels of lipid peroxidation while decreased values of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and reduced glutathione (RGSH) in the blood of fish were recorded. Histopathological examination of fish gills, liver, and kidneys showed inflammation and degenerative changes due to CuSO4 exposure. In the brain tissue, degenerative changes like neuron necrosis, intracellular edema, cytoplasmic vacuolization, and congestion were observed. In conclusion, the study indicates that exposure to copper sulfate, even in smaller concentrations, can cause adverse hematological and histopathological changes in L. rohita fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Naz
- Department of Zoology, Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Hussain
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Zhang Guangbin
- Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Weifang, China
| | - Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Zia Ur Rehman
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Shfaq Jahan
- Department of Zoology, Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Momil Liaquat
- Department of Zoology, Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Ahrar Khan
- Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Weifang, China
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Usman M, Hameed Y, Ahmad M, Iqbal MJ, Maryam A, Mazhar A, Naz S, Tanveer R, Saeed H, Bint-E-Fatima, Ashraf A, Hadi A, Hameed Z, Tariq E, Aslam AS. SHMT2 is Associated with Tumor Purity, CD8+ T Immune Cells Infiltration, and a Novel Therapeutic Target in Four Different Human Cancers. Curr Mol Med 2023; 23:161-176. [PMID: 35023455 DOI: 10.2174/1566524022666220112142409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study was launched to identify the SHMT2 associated Human Cancer subtypes. BACKGROUND Cancer is the 2nd leading cause of death worldwide. Previous reports revealed the limited involvement of SHMT2 in human cancer. In the current study, we comprehensively analyzed the role of SHMT2 in 24 major subtypes of human cancers using in silico approach and identified a few subtypes that are mainly associated with SHMT2. OBJECTIVE We aim to comprehensively analyze the role of SHMT2 in 24 major subtypes of human cancers using in silico approach and identified a few subtypes that are mainly associated with SHMT2. Earlier, limited knowledge exists in the medical literature regarding the involvement of Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase 2 (SHMT2) in human cancer. METHODS In the current study, we comprehensively analyzed the role of SHMT2 in 24 major subtypes of human cancers using in silico approach and identified a few subtypes that are mainly associated with SHMT2. Pan-cancer transcriptional expression profiling of SHMT2 was done using UALCAN while further validation was performed using GENT2. For translational profiling of SHMT2, we utilized Human Protein Atlas (HPA) platform. Promoter methylation, genetic alteration, and copy number variations (CNVs) profiles were analyzed through MEXPRESS and cBioPortal. Survival analysis was carried out through Kaplan-Meier (KM) plotter platform. Pathway enrichment analysis of SHMT2 was performed using DAVID, while the gene-drug network was drawn through CTD and Cytoscape. Furthermore, in the tumor microenvironment, a correlation between tumor purity, CD8+ T immune cells infiltration, and SHMT2 expression was accessed using TIMER. RESULTS SHMT2 was found overexpressed in 24 different subtypes of human cancers and its overexpression was significantly associated with the reduced Overall survival (OS) and Relapse-free survival durations of Breast cancer (BRCA), Kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma (KIRP), Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), and Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients. This implies that SHMT2 plays a significant role in the development and progression of these cancers. We further noticed that SHMT2 was also up-regulated in BRCA, KIRP, LIHC, and LUAD patients of different clinicopathological features. Pathways enrichment analysis revealed the involvement of SHMT2 enriched genes in five diverse pathways. Furthermore, we also explored some interesting correlations between SHMT2 expression and promoter methylation, genetic alterations, CNVs, tumor purity, and CD8+ T immune cell infiltrates. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that overexpressed SHMT2 is correlated with the reduced OS and RFS of the BRCA, KIRP, LIHC, and LUAD patients and can be a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for these cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Yasir Hameed
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Mukhtiar Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | | | - Aghna Maryam
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Afshan Mazhar
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saima Naz
- Department of zoology, Government Sadiq College Women University Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Rida Tanveer
- University College of Conventional Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Hina Saeed
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Bint-E-Fatima
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Ashraf
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Alishba Hadi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Zahid Hameed
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Eman Tariq
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Swabi, Swabi, Pakistan
| | - Alia Sumyya Aslam
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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Naz S, Asghar F, Iqbal Y, Naseem Z, jathol M. Knowledge and attitude of young female population toward early diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome. BioMedica 2022. [DOI: 10.24911/biomedica/5-713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
<p>Background and Objective: The heterogeneous illness known as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) causes multisystem morbidities and is one of the major causes of female infertility. This study aimed at assessing the knowledge and attitude of the young female population towards the early diagnosis of PCOS in Pakistan.</p>
<p>Methods: This cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey study was carried out at the Lahore Wapda Hospital Complex, Pakistan over a period of 1 year (January 2021 to 2022). A total of 1,278 females with active PCOS from 18-23 years of age were selected for the study from all provinces of Pakistan. A total of 96 responses were excluded because of inconsistency, incompletion, or duplication while the remaining 1,182 respondents were finally included in the study. Regression analysis, analysis of variance, and t-test were applied for statistical inferences.</p>
<p>Results: Only 45.3% of the patients had significant knowledge (p-value = 0.001) or a positive attitude about the early diagnosis of PCOS. The participants who were diagnosed with abdominal ultrasonography scored significantly higher in attitude towards earlier diagnosis than those who were diagnosed with serum gonadotropins and/or androgens levels (p = 0.001).</p>
<p>Conclusion: Lack of appropriate information and awareness regarding PCOS and its complications while bearing a poor attitude concerning the early diagnosis of this syndrome leads to higher disease burden and morbidity in our younger female population.</p>
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Naz
- Consultant Gynecologist, Wapda Medical Complex, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Farhana Asghar
- Senior Registrar, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wapda Medical Complex, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Yusra Iqbal
- Tehsil Head Quarter Hospital Talagang, Talagang, Pakistan
| | - Zulekha Naseem
- Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Islam Medical College Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Mahnoor jathol
- Medical Officer, Wapda Medical Complex, Lahore, Pakistan
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Tahir A, Naz S, Afzal MS, Shabbir RMK, Ali S, Shah NA, Ahmed H. Community based assessment on Knowledge, Attitude and Practices (KAP), Risk Factors and One Health Perspective of Brucellosis in rural and urban settings of Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study. J HELL VET MED SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.12681/jhvms.26869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Bovine brucellosis is an endemic zoonotic infection of ruminants in Pakistan with detrimental impacts on livestock economy. The major losses caused by brucellosis in animals include abortions, week calves, infertility, and reduced milk production. Regardless of the prevalence of the disease, limited data is available about brucellosis in Pakistan. The present study aimed to access the one health concept in prospective of Brucellosis among small-scale dairy farmers by examining knowledge, attitude and practices at the farms and household level that might pose a risk for humans contracting brucellosis. A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among small household dairy farms (n=333) in rural and urban areas of district Rawalpindi and Islamabad. The results revealed almost 74.17% of the participants knew about animal brucellosis and about 69.97% of the participants were able to identify the symptoms of animal brucellosis. 58.26% of participants showed knowledge about the transmission of disease from animals to humans. A majority (70.87%) of participants used the raw milk for making other dairy products. Most household farmers are unaware of routes of transmission and major risk factors of brucellosis. Almost all the participants, except veterinarians, including butchers, dairy farm owners and workers, slaughterhouse owners and workers and farmers were involved in at least one risky practice. The moderate knowledge and poor understanding of the disease emphasize the need to initiate awareness programs to educate the farmers who are at high risk along with the improvement of vaccination programs for animals and strict implementation of brucellosis eradication policy which should be devised by government.
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Latif S, Naz S, Ashraf S, Ahmed Jafri S. Junk food consumption in relation to menstrual abnormalities among adolescent girls: A comparative cross sectional study. Pak J Med Sci 2022; 38:2307-2312. [DOI: 10.12669/pjms.38.8.6177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The study was aimed at evaluating the association between junk food consumption and BMI of adolescent girls along with the menstrual abnormalities and to compare it with controls.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 girls between 13 – 19 years of age at Bahria International Hospital, Lahore based on self-administered questionnaire from July 2021 to September 2021. The total subjects were divided in two groups Viz; Group-A which comprised of 100 girls with menstrual abnormalities and Group-B included 100 girls without menstrual problem (control group). The data recorded on the questionnaire about the demographic profile, anthropometric measurements, menstrual cycle characteristics, and dietary habits was subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS version 20 and Chi-Square was used to test quantitative significance between the two groups.
Results: The mean age of participants was 17.02±1.76 years. It was observed that 40% girls had irregular menstrual cycle, 56% girls were suffering from dysmenorrhea and almost all girls of Group-I were suffering from premenstrual dysfunctions. The current study found a non-significant difference between two groups with regard to body mass index (P≥0.05). Significant difference was observed between two groups (P ≤ 0.05) as junk food consumption was high in Group-A as compared to Group-B. However, no significant difference was found between Group-A and B in relation to the consumption of salty snacks and frozen meat items (P≥0.05).
Conclusion: The results suggested that junk food consumption affects menstrual cycle negatively however more studies are needed to confirm the association of BMI, consumption of salty snacks and frozen meat items with menstrual abnormalities.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.6177
How to cite this:Latif S, Naz S, Ashraf S, Jafri SA. Junk food consumption in relation to menstrual abnormalities among adolescent girls: A comparative cross sectional study. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(8):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.6177
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Zahoor M, Naz S, Amin S, Iftikhar M, Nazir N, Kamran AW, Khan FA. Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Monotheca buxifolia Leaf Extract; Their Biological Activities and Use in Fabrication of Nano-Biosensor. Surf Engin Appl Electrochem 2022. [DOI: 10.3103/s106837552205012x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Semwal P, Painuli S, Jamloki A, Rauf A, Rahman MM, Olatunde A, Hemeg HA, Abu-Izneid T, Naz S, Punia Bangar S, Lorenzo JM, Simal-Gandara J. Himalayan Wild Fruits as a Strong Source of Nutraceuticals, Therapeutics, Food and Nutrition Security. Food Reviews International 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2121407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prabhakar Semwal
- Department of Life Sciences, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, India
| | - Sakshi Painuli
- Uttarakhand Council for Biotechnology, Premnagar Dehradun, India
| | - Abhishek Jamloki
- High Altitude Plant Physiology Research Centre (HAPPRC), H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar, India
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Khyber, Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Md. Mominur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ahmed Olatunde
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria
| | - Hassan A. Hemeg
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Medinah Al-Monawara, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tareq Abu-Izneid
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Program, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain Campus, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saima Naz
- Department of Biotechnology, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Khyber, Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Sneh Punia Bangar
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Jose M. Lorenzo
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Ourense, Spain
- Área de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias de Ourense, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical Chemistry and Food Science Department, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
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Das R, Rauf A, Mitra S, Emran TB, Hossain MJ, Khan Z, Naz S, Ahmad B, Meyyazhagan A, Pushparaj K, Wan CC, Balasubramanian B, Rengasamy KR, Simal-Gandara J. Therapeutic potential of marine macrolides: An overview from 1990 to 2022. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 365:110072. [PMID: 35952775 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The sea is a vast ecosystem that has remained primarily unexploited and untapped, resulting in numerous organisms. Consequently, marine organisms have piqued the interest of scientists as an abundant source of natural resources with unique structural features and fascinating biological activities. Marine macrolide is a top-class natural product with a heavily oxygenated polyene backbone containing macrocyclic lactone. In the last few decades, significant efforts have been made to isolate and characterize macrolides' chemical and biological properties. Numerous macrolides are extracted from different marine organisms such as marine microorganisms, sponges, zooplankton, molluscs, cnidarians, red algae, tunicates, and bryozoans. Notably, the prominent macrolide sources are fungi, dinoflagellates, and sponges. Marine macrolides have several bioactive characteristics such as antimicrobial (antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, antiviral), anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, cytotoxic, and neuroprotective activities. In brief, marine organisms are plentiful in naturally occurring macrolides, which can become the source of efficient and effective therapeutics for many diseases. This current review summarizes these exciting and promising novel marine macrolides in biological activities and possible therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Das
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, 94640, Pakistan.
| | - Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, 4381, Bangladesh; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Jamal Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh.
| | - Zidan Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh.
| | - Saima Naz
- Department of Biotechnology, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, KPK, Pakistan.
| | - Bashir Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, KPK, Pakistan.
| | - Arun Meyyazhagan
- Department of Life Science, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560076, India.
| | - Karthika Pushparaj
- Department of Zoology, School of Biosciences, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, 641 043, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Chunpeng Craig Wan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruit &Vegetables, Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruit & Vegetables, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, China.
| | | | - Kannan Rr Rengasamy
- Centre for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, 600077, India.
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
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Naz S, Mansouri B, Chatha AMM, Ullah Q, Abadeen ZU, Khan MZ, Khan A, Saeed S, Bhat RA. Water quality and health risk assessment of trace elements in surface water at Punjnad Headworks, Punjab, Pakistan. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:61457-61469. [PMID: 35442001 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20210-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pollution of the aquatic ecosystem due to different trace elements has become a global concern which has raised health-related issues for both aquatic and human life. Industrial and agricultural water run-off drained into the rivers and deposit trace elements in water, sediments and planktons. This study was designed to calculate the burden of trace elements such as aluminium (Al), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), and lead (Pb) in the river water of Punjnad Headworks, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Samples were collected from surface water, bed sediments and planktons during autumn, winter and spring seasons (September 2018 to May 2019). The results showed that the concentration of Pb was highest in surface water (453.87 mg L-1), while that of Al was highest in sediments (370.24 µg g-1) and plankton (315.05 µg g-1). A significant difference was found in metal concentrations among surface water, bed sediments and plankton at different sampling stations during various seasons. Importantly, the Exping (0.71, 1.23-3, 0.34, 0.02 for Pb, As, Al, and Ba, respectively) and Expderm (7.09-8, 1.2310, 3.42-8, and 2.48-9 for Pb, As, Al, and Ba, respectively) for trace elements were below 1.0 suggesting non-significant adverse effects of trace elements on human health. This study provided better understanding of various pollutants and their concentrations in water sources at the studied location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Naz
- Department of Zoology, The Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Borhan Mansouri
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Qudrat Ullah
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - Zain Ul Abadeen
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, 38040, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Zahoor Khan
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Khan
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agriculture Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Saba Saeed
- Department of Zoology, The Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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Sajid MS, Iqbal A, Rizwan HM, Naz S, Maqbool M, Malik MA, Jawad-ul-Hassan M. Epidemiology and therapeutic efficacy of a synthetic pyrethroid against Haematopinus tuberculatus (Phthiraptera: Haematopinidae) in Bubalus bubalis. J HELL VET MED SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.12681/jhvms.27120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Lice (Insecta: Pthiraptera) are common ectoparasite of buffalos (Bubalis bubalis) causing huge economic loss. An epidemiological survey was conducted in selected tehsils (administrative division) of Faisalabad district to determine the prevalence of lice infestation and the efficacy of cypermethrin (CYP) against lice infestation in buffalos. To determine the efficacy of CYP, 40 lice-infested buffaloes were divided into two groups i.e. drug-treated group and control group (each group contains 20 animals). Cypermethrin drug was used as pour-on at day 0 and lice counts were conducted on days 0, 7, 21, 35, 49, and 63 from predilection sites of each animal. Only one species of sucking louse Haematopinus tuberculatus was found in buffalo population of Faisalabad district. The overall prevalence of lice infestation was 37.76%. The variable like age and sex showed significant (P<0.05) variation of lice infestation while breed showed insignificant variation. Among extrinsic factors, seasons, floor pattern, and feeding system showed significant association (P<0.05) with lice infestation, while animal keeping as free or tethered and tehsils showed an insignificant association. On day 7, 100% effective results were obtained while 99.6% at day 21 and 100% from day 35 till day 63. No clinical adverse reaction was observed during this trial and cypermethrin was found efficacious. Based on these results it can be concluded that cypermethrin is an effective drug against lice infestation.
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Ahmed W, Azmant R, Chendouh-Brahmi N, Ahmed R, Naz S, Qayyum A, El Askary A, Gharib AF, Alrehaili AA, Ali N. Natural and commercial antibiotic comparison with drugs modeling Cell Integrity Cell Stability of Bio-Kinetics Changes under Morphological Topographies cells with lower Toxicological Characteristics for multidrug resistances problem. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:103351. [PMID: 35846384 PMCID: PMC9283668 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibacterial drug-resistant strains are a serious problem of bacterial treatments nowadays and have a concern. The plant exacts of Adhatoda vasica and Calotropis procera are well-known for their role as antibiotic agents. The extraction of novel antibiotic compounds was done by HPLC-DAD, their yield is quantified by numerous solvents. The complete biological activity with antioxidants, bio-kinematicof four compounds of B-Sitosteryl linoleate, Myristyl diglucoside, D-Triglucopyranoside, and S- allylcysteine acids were studied. The supercritical fluid extraction techniques were the best strategies for higher yield, accuracy clarity, and inter, intra process of all four compounds. A. vasica and C. procera samples and investigated in six different solvents. D-Triglucopyranoside (13.81 ± 0.48%), Myristyl diglucoside (11.81 ± 0.41%), B- Sitosteryl linoleate (12.81 ± 0.48%), and s-allylcysteine acids (14.81 ± 0.31%) were higher. The design and action of compounds were applied to proper compartmental pharmacokinetic modelling for in-depth design understanding. The morphology and structure of bacterial cells with the extracted compounds upheld the permeability of cell membranes, membrane integrity, and membrane potential and lower the bacterial binding capacity the infectious index was measured in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and their alteration process. Plants have well upheld the cellular permeability The toxicity test was performed on both extracted samples with concentrations (1, 0.4, and 0.8%). The areas under plasma half-life of compounds with their solubility, abortion level were higher in four compounds showed the potential of novel antibiotics. The novel medicinal plants used as antibiotics could be the best sources of infection control as a source of future medicines with antibacterial potential solving multidrug issues of bacteria in the world.
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Naz Memon F, Naz S, Tayyaba Rahat. Pregnancy outcomes with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection during first wave: a review. J PAK MED ASSOC 2022; 72:2503-2508. [DOI: 10.47391/jpma.5182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Maternal and foetal care has become an important concern in the wake of enormous global spread of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), but there is scarcity of information about maternal and perinatal outcomes. The current review was conducted from March to July 2020. Appropriate and related databases were searched electronically by using terms, like “COVID-19 and pregnancy”, “pregnancy outcomes of COVID-19”. Pooled analysis of the reviewed studies showed that of the 164 newborns, vertical transmission was noted in 7(2.95%). The most common element 140(84.98%) was caesarean section deliveries. COVID-19 pneumonia developed in almost 54(30.90%) of 175 women. The most common symptom of COVID-19 among women was fever 88(50.77%). Adverse maternal and foetal outcomes were found to be associated with COVID-19 in the form of severe illness, increased rates of caesarean section deliveries and worse birth outcomes. Yet, vertical transmission of COVID-19 infection remains debatable.
Key Words: COVID-19, Maternal outcomes, Perinatal outcomes.
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Rafique I, Saqib MAN, Murad N, Munir MK, Khan A, Irshad R, Rahat T, Naz S. Dietary patterns of Pakistani adults and their associations with sociodemographic characteristics-a community based study. J PAK MED ASSOC 2022; 72:2218-2222. [PMID: 37013290 DOI: 10.47391/jpma.4732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To identify the dietary patterns and understand their association with sociodemographic characteristics among adults.
Methods: The community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Islamabad, Lahore, Karachi, Peshawar and Quetta cities of Pakistan from March to November 2018, after approval from the National Bioethics Committee, Islamabad, and comprised adults of either gender. Data was collected using the food frequency questionnaire, and dietary patterns were identified using factor analysis. Multivariate regression analysis was used to assess the association of socio-demographic determinants with dietary patterns. Data was analysed using SPSS 21. Parallel Analysis criterion (Eigen values) was determined along with Monte Carlo simulation.
Results: Of the 448 subjects, 206(46%) were males and 242(54%) were females. The largest age group was 36-55 years 199(47.4%). Six dietary patterns were identified: “Vegetables”, “Fruits”, “Mixed Junk and Processed food”, “Dairy and Fast food”, “Discretionary” and “Fish”. Regression analysis showed that those aged 36-55 years had higher scores for vegetables, fruit and fish pattern (p<0.05). Females scored more for vegetables, fish and fruits, and a significantly low score for discretionary diet pattern (p<0.05). Participants with high education level and socioeconomic status had raised scores for discretionary diet items (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Six distinct dietary patterns among Pakistani adults were identified, showing significant association with sociodemographic characteristics.
Key Words: Healthy diet, Nutrition, Factor analysis, Diet pattern, Pakistan, Unhealthy diet.
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Dyball S, Reynolds J, Herrick A, Chinoy H, Haque S, Naz S, Bruce E, Bruce IN, Parker B. POS0756 DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE (HR-QoL) ACROSS THE SPECTRUM OF SYSTEMIC AUTOIMMUNE RHEUMATIC DISEASES: RESULTS FROM THE LEAP COHORT. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.2868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundPoor health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) is recognised in patients with established connective tissue diseases (CTDs), however it is not clear how it affects patients with undifferentiated CTD (UCTD) which has traditionally been associated with a mild or more benign profile.ObjectivesTo investigate HR-QoL in patients affected with a variety of CTDs (including UCTD) using the SF-36 questionnaire; and secondly, to review demographic and clinical factors predictive of a poor HR-QoLMethodsThe Lupus Extended Autoimmune Phenotype (LEAP) cohort is a multicentre prospective study of patients with a CTD. Rheumatologist diagnosis was used to classify patients into four groups: systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS), UCTD, and (combined because of low numbers) those with an idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM), systemic sclerosis (SSc) or overlap syndrome. The SF-36 quality of life questionnaire was completed at enrolment and includes eight domains: physical function (PF), role physical (RP), bodily pain (BP), general health (GH), vitality (VT), social functioning (SF), role emotional (RE) and mental health (MH) which range from 0 to 100, with higher scores reflecting better HR-QoL. Physical (PCS) and mental component score (MCS) were calculated for each group, with a score below 50 representing a worse HR-QoL compared to the general UK population. Predictors for poor HR-QoL was chosen a priori, then tested using linear regression adjusted for age, gender and ethnicity. All statistical analysis was performed using STATA v14, with results expressed as beta coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).ResultsData were collected from 309 patients (280 [90.6%] women, with a mean [SD] age of 48.9 [12.9] years) from three UK rheumatology centres. The majority of patients were Caucasian (n=235, 76.1%). By rheumatologist diagnosis, 115 (37.2%) had SLE, 56 (18.1%) pSS, 72 (23.3%) UCTD and 66 (21.4%) SSc, IIM or an overlap syndrome. Patients with UCTD, pSS and SSc/IIM spectrum disorders had a shorter median disease duration (3.8, 3.7 and 6.1 years respectively) compared with patients with those with SLE (11.0 years), p<0.001. Previous steroid and immunosuppressant use was highest in patients with SLE and SSc/IIM spectrum disorders (p<0.001). The most affected domains include VT, GH and BP (Figure 1), and the PCS is more impaired compared with the MCS, with similar scores across disease groups. Agnostic of disease group, factors associated with a lower PCS include increasing age (beta -0.15 [95%CI -0.26, -0.06], p=0.008), prednisolone use (-3.1 [-6.05, -0.19], p=0.037), c-reactive protein (-0.09 [-0.62, -0.10], p=0.007), fatigue (-2.00 [-3.79, -0.22], p=0.028), and sicca syndrome (-4.70 [-7.66, -1.74] p=0.002), and these remained significant in a multivariate model.Figure 1.radar diagrams of eight SF-36 domains, and MCS and PCS boxplots. SLE; systemic lupus erythematosus; UCTD, undifferentiated CTD; pSS, primary Sjögren’s syndrome; IIM, idiopathic inflammatory myopathy; SSc, systemic sclerosis; PF, physical function; RP, role physical; BP, bodily pain; GH, general health; VT, vitality; SF, social functioning; RE, role emotional; MH, mental healthConclusionPatients with UCTD exhibit similar impairment in physical components of HR-QoL compared with other established CTDs, despite perceived differences in disease severity. This study highlights sicca syndrome, fatigue, and steroid burden as key targets for improving HR-QoL in patients across the spectrum of CTDs.Disclosure of InterestsSarah Dyball Grant/research support from: UCB and Eli Lilly, John Reynolds: None declared, Ariane Herrick Speakers bureau: Janssen, Consultant of: Arena, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Camurus, CSL-Behring, and Gesynta, Grant/research support from: Gesynta, Hector Chinoy Speakers bureau: UCB, Biogen, Consultant of: Novartis, Eli Lilly, Orphazyme, Astra Zeneca, Grant/research support from: Eli Lilly and UCB, Sahena Haque: None declared, Sophia Naz: None declared, Ellen Bruce: None declared, Ian N. Bruce Speakers bureau: AstraZeneca, GSK and UCB, Consultant of: AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly, GSK, Merck Serono, UCB and ILTOO, Grant/research support from: Genzyme/Sanofi, GSK, Roche and UCB, Ben Parker Speakers bureau: Eli Lilly and Roche, Consultant of: Fresenius-Kabi and AbbVie, Grant/research support from: Genzyme/Sanofi and GSK
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Naz S, Ghafoor F, Mukhtar S, Tayyaba Rahat. Maternal and peri-natal outcomes of dengue fever with special emphasis on vertical transmission. J PAK MED ASSOC 2022; 72:658-663. [DOI: 10.47391/jpma.1488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the maternal and peri-natal outcomes of dengue infection and frequency of dengue immunoglobulin G positivity in pregnant women along with pregnancy outcomes.
Method: The observational two-phase study was conducted from 2012 to 2015 in Lahore, Pakistan. I In phase 1, pregnant women who had acute dengue fever were prospectively and retrospectively enrolled from 4 tertiary care hospitals. Demographic data, clinical/laboratory parameters and maternal/foetal outcomes were recorded for each subject. In the second phase, normal pregnant women with no current or past history of dengue fever were enrolled from Gynaecology Department of Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore, to determine the frequency of dengue immunoglobulin G positivity and pregnancy outcome. Data was analysed using SPSS 20.
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Rauf A, Raza M, Humayun Khan M, Hemeg HA, Al-Awthan YS, Bahattab O, Bawazeer S, Naz S, Basoglu F, Saleem M, Khan M, Seyyedamirhossein H, Mubarak MS, Erdogan Orhan I. In vitro and in silico studies on clinically important enzymes inhibitory activities of flavonoids isolated from Euphorbia pulcherrima. Ann Med 2022; 54:495-506. [PMID: 35112936 PMCID: PMC8820783 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2033826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The genus Euphorbia is known to contain diterpenoids, and several isolated compounds which exhibited biological activities including significant multidrug resistance reversal effects. This work is focused on the isolation, in vitro and in silico studies of two natural bio-active flavonoids (1 & 2) isolated from Euphorbia pulcherrima bark for the very first time.Methods: The phytochemical investigation resulted in the identification of two flavonoids: 3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-6-methoxy-4H-chromen-4-one (1) and 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-6-methoxy-4H-chromen-4-one (2), which were isolated for the first time from Euphorbia pulcherrima.Results: The chemical structures of the two isolated compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and ESI-HRMS spectral data. The Bioactivity activity of these compounds was evaluated; results revealed that compounds 1 & 2 exhibit promising urease inhibitory potential with IC50 values of 15.3 ± 2.13 μM and 19.0 ± 2.43 μM, respectively, whereas the positive control thiourea had an IC50 of 21.0 ± 0.23 μM. Similarly, these compounds were also evaluated against the tyrosinase enzyme; results showed that compound 1 displays significant inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 48.7 ± 2.19 μM, whereas compound 2 exhibited a moderate effect with an IC50 value of 74.8 ± 1.79 μM, when compared with the standard (alpha-kojic acid, IC50 = 47.6 ± 0.67 μM). Additionally, compounds 1 and 2 also exhibited anti-glycation and phosphodiesterase inhibitory activities.Conclusion: Studies dealing with the drug like properties such as in silico screening (docking study) was also carried out to discover the structural features of both compounds 1 and 2. Results indicated that the docking scores of compounds 1 and 2 are in agreement with their IC50 values. Key messagesIsolation and characterization of two bioactive flavonoids (1 and 2) from Euphorbia pulcherrima.In silico and in vitro enzyme inhibition studies were conducted to identify the therapeutic potential of flavonoids 1 and 2.Drug-like properties were calculated to discover important pharmacophoric features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muslim Raza
- Department of Chemistry, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Humayun Khan
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Hassan A Hemeg
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya S Al-Awthan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudia Arabia.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
| | - Omar Bahattab
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudia Arabia
| | - Sami Bawazeer
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saima Naz
- Department Biotechnology and Microbiology, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Faika Basoglu
- European University of Lefke, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Lefke, Northern Cyprus, Mersin, Turkey
| | | | - Majid Khan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Ilkay Erdogan Orhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Kanaparthi KJ, Afroz S, Minhas G, Moitra A, Khan RA, Medikonda J, Naz S, Cholleti SN, Banerjee S, Khan N. Immunogenic profiling of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DosR protein Rv0569 reveals its ability to switch on Th1 based immunity. Immunol Lett 2022; 242:27-36. [PMID: 35007662 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) is a multifaceted bacterial pathogen known to infect more than 2 billion people globally. However, a majority of the individuals (>90%) show no overt clinical symptoms of active Tuberculosis (TB) and, it is reported that M.tb in these individuals resides in the latent form. Therefore, huge burden of latently infected population poses serious threat to human health. Inconsistent efficacy of BCG vaccine and poor understanding of latency-associated determinants contribute to the failure of combating M.tb. The discovery of DosR as the master regulator of dormancy, opened new avenues to understand the pathophysiology of the bacterium. Though the specific functions of various DosR genes are yet to be discovered, they have been reported as potent T-cell activators and could elicit strong protective immune responses. Rv0569 is a DosR-encoded conserved hypothetical protein overexpressed during dormancy. However, it is not clearly understood how this protein modulates the host immune response. In the present study, we have demonstrated that Rv0569 has a high antigenic index and induces enhanced secretion of Th1 cytokines IL-12p40 and TNF-α as compared to Th2 cytokine IL-10 in macrophages. Mechanistically, Rv0569 induced the transcription of these pro-inflammatory signatures through the activation of NF-κB pathway. Further, immunization of mice with DosR protein Rv0569 switched the immune response towards Th1-biased cytokine pattern, characterized by the enhanced production of IFN-γ, IL-12p40, and TNF-α. Rv0569 augmented the expansion of antigen-specific IFN-γ and IL-2 producing effector CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells which are hallmarks of Th1 biased protective immunity. Additionally, IgG2a/IgG1 and IgG2b/IgG1 ratio in the serum of immunized mice further confirmed the ability of Rv0569 to skew Th1 biased immune response. In conclusion, we emphasize that Rv0569 has the ability to generate signals to switch on Th1-dominated responses and further suggest that it could be a potential vaccine candidate against latent M.tb infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kala Jyothi Kanaparthi
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life-Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad-500046, Telangana, India
| | - Sumbul Afroz
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life-Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad-500046, Telangana, India
| | - Gillipsie Minhas
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life-Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad-500046, Telangana, India
| | - Anurupa Moitra
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life-Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad-500046, Telangana, India
| | - Rafiq Ahmad Khan
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life-Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad-500046, Telangana, India
| | - Jayashankar Medikonda
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life-Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad-500046, Telangana, India
| | - Saima Naz
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life-Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad-500046, Telangana, India
| | - Sai Nikhith Cholleti
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life-Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad-500046, Telangana, India
| | - Sharmistha Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life-Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad-500046, Telangana, India
| | - Nooruddin Khan
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life-Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad-500046, Telangana, India.; Department of Animal Biology, School of Life-Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad-500046, Telangana, India..
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Rehman A, Alam MW, Saira M, Naz S, Mushtaq R, Chohan TA, Din SU, Noureen A, Gilani K, Hussain D. Nigrospora sphaerica Causing Leaf Blight Disease on Sesame in Pakistan. Plant Dis 2022; 106:317. [PMID: 34340558 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-03-21-0460-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Rehman
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - M W Alam
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Okara, Pakistan
| | - M Saira
- Plant Pathology Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - S Naz
- Plant Pathology Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - R Mushtaq
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - T A Chohan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S U Din
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Noureen
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - K Gilani
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - D Hussain
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
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Naz S. Current Status of Fish Diversity and Abundance at Panjnad Headworks Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. PAK J ZOOL 2022. [DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/20220411080448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Rauf A, Abu-Izneid T, Thiruvengadam M, Imran M, Olatunde A, Shariati MA, Bawazeer S, Naz S, Shirooie S, Sanches-Silva A, Farooq U, Kazhybayeva G. Garlic (Allium sativum L.): Its Chemistry, Nutritional Composition, Toxicity and Anticancer Properties. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 22:957-972. [PMID: 34749610 DOI: 10.2174/1568026621666211105094939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The current review discuss the chemistry, nutritional composition, toxicity, and biological functions of garlic and its bioactive compounds against various types of cancers via different anticancer mechanisms. Several scientific documents were found in reliable literature and searched in databases viz Science Direct, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Research Gate were carried out using keywords such as "garlic", "garlic bioactive compounds", "anticancer mechanisms of garlic", "nutritional composition of garlic", and others. Garlic contains several phytoconstituents with activities against cancer, and these compounds such as diallyl trisulfide (DATS), allicin, and diallyl disulfide (DADS), diallyl sulfide (DAS), and allyl mercaptan (AM). The influence of numerous garlic-derived products, phytochemicals, and nanoformulations on the liver, oral, prostate, breast, gastric, colorectal, skin, and pancreatic cancers has been studied. Based on our search, the bioactive molecules in garlic were found to inhibit the various phases of cancer. Moreover, the compounds in this plant also abrogate the peroxidation of lipids, activity of nitric oxide synthase, epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), protein kinase C, and regulate cell cycle and survival signaling cascades. Hence, garlic and its bioactive molecules exhibit the aforementioned mechanistic actions and thus, they could be used to inhibit the induction, development and progression of cancer. The review describes the nutritional Composition of garlic, its bioactive molecules, and nanoformulations against various types of cancers, as well as the potential for developing these agents as antitumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Anbar 23430, KPK. Pakistan
| | - Tareq Abu-Izneid
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain Campus. United Arab Emirates
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029. South Korea
| | - Muhammad Imran
- University Institute of Diet & Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore. Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Olatunde
- Department of Biochemistry, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi 740272. Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management [the First Cossack University], Moscow. Russian Federation
| | - Saud Bawazeer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 42, Makkah. Saudi Arabia
| | - Saima Naz
- Department of Biotechnology, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, KPK. Pakistan
| | - Samira Shirooie
- School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah. Iran
| | - Ana Sanches-Silva
- National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research, 4485-655 Vila do Conde. Portugal
| | - Umar Farooq
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad-campus. Pakistan
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Bano SA, Naz S, Uzair B, Hussain M, Khan MM, Bibi H, Habiba U, Nisa S, Israr M. Detection of microorganisms with antibacterial activities from different industrial wastes and GC-MS analysis of crude microbial extract. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e245585. [PMID: 34495157 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.245585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Many soil microorganisms' i.e., bacteria and fungi produce secondary metabolites called antibiotics. These are used for the treatment of some of the bacterial, fungal and protozoal diseases of humans. There is a need for isolation of a broad spectrum of antibiotics from microorganisms due to the emergence of antibiotic resistance. In the present study two antibiotic producing bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacillus cereus were isolated from pharmaceutical and poultry feed industry of Hattar, Haripur Pakistan. Total 10 waste samples were collected from different industries (Marble, Ghee, Soap, Mineral, Steel, Poultry Feed, Pharmaceutical, Qarshi, Cosmetic and Glass). Thirty-three bacterial strains were isolated from industrial wastes of these ten different industries. Fourteen out of thirty-three bacterial strains exhibited antimicrobial activities against at least one of the test microbes considered in this study including Escherchia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi. The bacteria were isolated by standard serial dilution spread plate technique. Morphological characterization of the isolates was done by Gram staining. Nine bacterial isolates out of fourteen were initially identified as B. cereus and five as K. pneumoniae through biochemical characterization. The antibacterial activities were tested by well diffusion method. Maximum number of antibiotic producing bacteria were isolated from pharmaceutical and poultry feed industry based on the results of primary screening, the most potential isolates S9, S19, S20, S22 and S23 were selected for secondary screening. The maximum activity against E. coli and S. aureus was recorded by bacterial isolate S19 i.e zones of inhibition of 6.5mm and 9mm while S20 showed 7.5mm and 6mm zones respectively. Molecular identification was carried out on the basis of 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Finally, the isolates were identified as B. cereus accession number LC538271and K. pneumoniae accession number MT078679. Analysis of bacterial extract S20 through GC-MS indicated the presence of 8 compounds of diverse nature and structure. Present study suggests that wastes of pharmaceutical and poultry feed industry may have antibiotic producing bacteria. These bacteria could be utilized for the production of antibiotics. B. cereus and K. pneumoniae isolated from wastes of poultry feed and pharmaceutical industries have the potential to produce antibiotics and could be used to control the microbial growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Bano
- The University of Haripur, Department of Microbiology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - S Naz
- The University of Haripur, Department of Microbiology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - B Uzair
- International Islamic University, Department of Biosciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M Hussain
- The University of Haripur, Department of Forestry and Wild Life, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - M M Khan
- The University of Haripur, Department of Microbiology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - H Bibi
- Agricultural University, Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - U Habiba
- The University of Haripur, Department of Forestry and Wild Life, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - S Nisa
- The University of Haripur, Department of Microbiology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - M Israr
- The University of Haripur, Department of Biology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.,Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang, College of Life Science, Hebei, PR China
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Rafiq N, Ahmad SZ, Yasmeen G, Baset A, Iqbal MA, Khan A, Naz S, Ahmad S, Khan T, Kamal M, Ali A. Identification of terrestrial gastropods families found in district Swat, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e248420. [PMID: 34495163 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.248420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Very little is known about the malacofauna in district Swat of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, situated in the Northern part of Pakistan. The Swat valley possesses a variety of suitable environmental conditions, providing different types of habitats for both flora and fauna. Taken into consideration these points, the present study was conducted to explore the terrestrial snails diversity in agricultural and non-agricultural fields in the lower Swat valley. A total of 417 shells were collected from three sites: Kokarai, Kanju Township, and Deolai. Based on conchological features, three families: Bradybaenidae, Hygromiidae, and Zonitidae were identified using different terrestrial snail keys. In Kokarai and Deolai, shells of members of all the above-mentioned families were found from agricultural fields. In Kanju Township, shells of members of the family Bradybaenidae and Zonitidae were found. From these findings, it was concluded that district Swat possesses a significant malacofauna which was unexplored before and aided more to the existing literature on malacofauna. It also supports the idea that the agroecosystem is rich in species diversity. Further in-depth and extensive study is recommended to be carried out for a detailed taxonomy of the described terrestrial gastropod families.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Rafiq
- Abdul Wali Khan University, Department of Zoology, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - S Z Ahmad
- Abdul Wali Khan University, Department of Zoology, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - G Yasmeen
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - A Baset
- Bacha Khan University, Department of Zoology, Charsadda, Pakistan
| | - M A Iqbal
- Gomal University, Department of Zoology, Tank Campus, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - A Khan
- Bacha Khan University, Department of Zoology, Charsadda, Pakistan
| | - S Naz
- Abdul Wali Khan University, Department of Zoology, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - S Ahmad
- Abdul Wali Khan University, Department of Zoology, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - T Khan
- Abdul Wali Khan University, Department of Zoology, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - M Kamal
- Abdul Wali Khan University, Department of Zoology, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - A Ali
- Abdul Wali Khan University, Department of Zoology, Mardan, Pakistan
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40
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Asad F, Ashraf A, Rafique A, Qamer S, Naz S, Ali T, Shaheen Z, Mazhar A. Chromium supplemented carbohydrate diets for Cirrhinus mrigala: effects on body composition, gut enzyme activity and hematological parameters. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e247284. [PMID: 34468527 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.247284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A ninety days nutritional trial was directed to explore the effects of dietary chromium on body composition, gut enzyme activity and physiological status of Cirrhinus mrigala by using G & NG corn. Six experimental diets were prepared by using different levels of chromium chloride hexahydrate (0, 0.2, 0.4 mg/kg, each with G & NG corn). For this experimental trial, 480 fingerlings, irrespective of sex were distributed in six aquariums each with replicate. Results revealed that gelatinized corn along with increasing level of Cr2Cl3.6H2O have a positive impact upon body composition of fish. Hematology was positively correlated with chromium chloride hexahydrate supplementation in gelatinized corn. Amylase gut enzyme also showed significant (P<0.05) increase in group fed with chromium chloride hexahydrate supplemented diet (G corn). However, corn with chromium chloride hexahydrate supplementation did not revealed any significant impact on gut protease enzyme activity. From these results it can be concluded that both chromium chloride hexahydrate and gelatinized corn in fish feed are very beneficial to improve body composition, enzymes activity and physiological health status of fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Asad
- Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - A Ashraf
- Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - A Rafique
- Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - S Qamer
- Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - S Naz
- Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - T Ali
- Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Z Shaheen
- Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - A Mazhar
- Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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41
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Saeed S, Irfan M, Naz S, Liaquat M, Jahan S, Hayat S. Routes and barriers associated with protein and peptide drug delivery system. J Pak Med Assoc 2021; 71:2032-2039. [PMID: 34418025 DOI: 10.47391/jpma.759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Proteins and peptide drugs have a great therapeutic potential and their usage in the treatment of various severe diseases has revolutionised the fields of pharmaceuticals and biotechnology. For successful therapeutic effects, various efforts have been made for effective delivery of proteins/peptide drugs through various routes of administrations. Parenteral and non-parenteral drug deliveries are regarded as significant routes of drug absorption. In addition to intravenous, subcutaneous and intramuscular routes, the oral route is more effective for protein and peptides therapeutics. However, there is a need to improve non-parenteral drug delivery systems (DDS) to increase drug absorption in a more effective way. The present narrative review was planned to describe routes and barriers for protein/peptide drugs and how to improve drug delivery systems in an effective way. For this purpose, numerous research articles were searched from year 2000-2021 using search engines like PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline and ISI Web of Knowledge, and Bioline International while applying different keywords such as 'protein and peptide drugs', 'drug delivery systems', 'parenteral and non-parenteral routes of drug delivery' and 'physicochemical barriers'. It was concluded that the success of the therapeutics is strongly influenced by the differential delivery of targeted antigen, the choice of targeting protein or peptide, and drug-release characteristics of the linker used. Furthermore, there should be an improvement in non-parenteral DDSs so that the drugs might be administered in an appropriate manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Saeed
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mavra Irfan
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saima Naz
- Department of Zoology, The Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Momil Liaquat
- Department of Zoology, The Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Shafaq Jahan
- Department of Zoology, The Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Sana Hayat
- Department of Zoology, The Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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Arif M, Hussain N, Yasmeen A, Naz S, Anwar A, Mushtaq S, Iqbal J, Shaheen A, Aziz M, Bukhari SAH, Shah SH. Exogenous application of bio-stimulant and growth retardant improved the productivity of cotton cultivars under different planting arrangement. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e238812. [PMID: 34161424 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.238812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimum planting arrangement is an important attribute for efficient utilization of available resources and to obtain high yield of cotton. Application of plant growth promoter and retardant on cotton in improved planting density are the innovative techniques in the establishment of more productive cotton crop. Therefore, we planned a field study to assess the role of bio-stimulant and growth retardant in the resource utilization efficiency of cotton cultivars planted under variable row spacing at Agronomic Research Area Bahauddin Zakariya University and Usmania Agricultural Farm Shujabad during Kharif 2012. Experimental treatments consisted of cotton genotypes viz. CIM-573 and CIM-598, cultivated under conventional (75 cm), medium (50 cm) and ultra-narrow row spacing (25 cm) with foliar spray of bio-stimulant (moringa leaf extract) and growth retardant (mepiquate chloride), either sole or in combination, keeping distilled water as a control. Exogenously applied MLE alone and MLE + MC significantly enhanced the number of squares, flowers and green bolls per plant leading to higher cotton seed and lint yield of CIM 598 cultivar cultivated under conventional row spacing. While application of MC alone and MLE + MC produced maximum micronaire value, fiber strength and fiber uniformity ratio of CIM 573 cultivar cultivated under conventional row spacing. The results suggested that application of MLE is a possible approach to enhance the cotton productivity and the use of MC to enhance the fiber quality attributes under conventional row spacing.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arif
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.,Directorate of Land Reclamation, Irrigation Department Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - N Hussain
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - A Yasmeen
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - S Naz
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - A Anwar
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - S Mushtaq
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - J Iqbal
- The Ismia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - A Shaheen
- Govt. Sadiq College Women University Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - M Aziz
- Barani Agricultural Research Institute, Chakwal, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - S A H Bukhari
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - S H Shah
- Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Ikram M, Hayat S, Imran M, Haider A, Naz S, Ul-Hamid A, Shahzadi I, Haider J, Shahzadi A, Nabgan W, Ali S. Novel Ag/cellulose-doped CeO 2 quantum dots for efficient dye degradation and bactericidal activity with molecular docking study. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 269:118346. [PMID: 34294353 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the novel Ag/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-doped CeO2 quantum dots (QDs) with highly efficient catalytic performance were synthesized using one pot co-precipitation technique, which were then applied in the degradation of methylene blue and ciprofloxacin (MBCF) in wastewater. Catalytic activity against MBCF dye was significantly reduced (99.3%) for (4%) Ag dopant concentration in acidic medium. For Ag/CNC-doped CeO2 vast inhibition domain of G-ve was significantly confirmed as (5.25-11.70 mm) and (7.15-13.60 mm), while medium- to high-concentration of CNC levels were calculated for G + ve (0.95 nm, 1.65 mm), respectively. Overall, (4%) Ag/CNC-doped CeO2 revealed significant antimicrobial activity against G-ve relative to G + ve at both concentrations, respectively. Furthermore, in silico molecular docking studies were performed against selected enzyme targets dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS), and DNA gyrase belonging to folate and nucleic acid biosynthetic pathway, respectively to rationalize possible mechanism behind bactericidal potential of CNC-CeO2 and Ag/CNC-CeO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ikram
- Solar Cell Application Research Lab, Department of Physics, Government College University Lahore, Lahore 54000, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - S Hayat
- Department of Physics, Riphah Institute of Computing and Applied Sciences (RICAS), Riphah International University, 14 Ali Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Imran
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Engineering Centre for Hierarchical Catalysts, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - A Haider
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - S Naz
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - A Ul-Hamid
- Core Research Facilities, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| | - I Shahzadi
- College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - J Haider
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - A Shahzadi
- College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - W Nabgan
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - S Ali
- Department of Physics, Riphah Institute of Computing and Applied Sciences (RICAS), Riphah International University, 14 Ali Road, Lahore, Pakistan
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Hussain N, Yasmeen A, Yousaf MM, Malik W, Naz S, Qadir I, Saddiq B, Shaheen A, Iqbal R. Exogenously applied nutrients can improve the chickpea productivity under water stress conditions by modulating the antioxidant enzyme system. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e236251. [PMID: 34105664 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.236251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Water stress is one of the major factor restricting the growth and development of chickpea plants by inducing various morphological and physiological changes. Therefore, the present research activity was designed to improve the chickpea productivity under water stress conditions by modulating antioxidant enzyme system. Experimental treatments comprised of two chickpea genotypes i.e. Bhakhar 2011 (drought tolerant) and DUSHT (drought sensitive), two water stress levels i.e. water stress at flowering stage and water stress at flowering + pod formation + grain filling stage including well watered (control) and three exogenous application of nutrients i.e. KCl 200 ppm, MgCl2, 50 ppm and CaCl2, 10 mM including distilled water (control). Results indicated that water stress at various growth stages adversely affects the growth, yield and quality attributes of both chickpea cultivars. Exogenous application of nutrients improved the growth, yield and antioxidant enzyme activities of both chickpea genotypes even under water stress conditions. However, superior results were obtained with foliar spray of potassium chloride on Bhakhar 2011 under well-watered conditions. Similarly, foliar spray of potassium chloride on chickpea cultivar Bhakhar 2011 cultivated under stress at flowering + pod formation + grain filling stage produced significantly higher contents of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase. These results suggests that the application of potassium chloride mitigates the adverse effects of water stress and enhanced tolerance in chickpea mainly due to higher antioxidant enzymes activity, demonstrating the protective measures of plant cells in stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hussain
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - A Yasmeen
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - M M Yousaf
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - W Malik
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - S Naz
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - I Qadir
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - B Saddiq
- The Ismia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - A Shaheen
- Govt. Sadiq College Women University Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - R Iqbal
- The Ismia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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Al-Awthan YS, Rauf A, Rashid U, Bawazeer S, Naz S, Bahattab O, Bawazeer S, Muhammad N, Waggas DS, Batiha GES, Shariati MA, Derkho M, Suleria HAR. Sedative-hypnotic effect and in silico study of dinaphthodiospyrols isolated from Diospyros lotus Linn. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 140:111745. [PMID: 34020246 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, Diospyros lotus Linn is used for insomnia and other associated disorders. Insomnia is a worldwide disorder with different etiology which is treated with different synthetic medicine associated with addiction. Natural products are generally devoid of such addition with good efficacy. Current research was conducted to evaluate the sedative and hypnotic effects of dimeric naphthoquinones such as dinaphthodiospyrol A (1), dinaphthodiospyrol B (2), dinaphthodiospyrol C (3), dinaphthodiospyrol D (4), dinaphthodiospyrol E (5) and dinaphthodiospyrol F (6) isolated from the chloroform fractions of D. lotus. The sedative and hypnotic effects at the dose of 5 and 10 mg/kg (each compound) were assessed through open field and phenobarbital induced sleep test, respectively. In the case of open field test the administration of tested compounds significantly hindered the movement of animals, while in case of hypnotic effect the tested samples significantly improved the onset and duration of sleep as compared to control. The overall effects were in a dose dependent manner. The compounds were also assessed for acute toxicity, but no toxicity was observed. In this regard, our research triumphantly announced the strong chemical base for the folkloric values of the plant with their fringe benefits and implemented a platform for further aspects of mechanistic and clinical studies. A possible mechanism of in vivo inhibition was studied by using docking simulations on GABA receptors. Binding orientations and types of interactions revealed that a possible mechanism behind these pharmacological actions might be interaction with GABA receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahya S Al-Awthan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Anbar 23430, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan.
| | - Umer Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Sami Bawazeer
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saima Naz
- Department of Biotechnology, Woman University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Omar Bahattab
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Bawazeer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 42, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naveed Muhammad
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Dania Saad Waggas
- Department of Pharmacology, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, El-Beheira, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (the First Cossack University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Marina Derkho
- South-Ural State Agrarian University, Troitsk, Russian Federation
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Hayat U, Azam NA, Gallegos-Ruiz HR, Naz S, Batool L. A Truly Dynamic Substitution Box Generator for Block Ciphers Based on Elliptic Curves Over Finite Rings. Arab J Sci Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-021-05666-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Qumar U, Hassan J, Naz S, Haider A, Raza A, Ul-Hamid A, Haider J, Shahzadi I, Ahmad I, Ikram M. Silver decorated 2D nanosheets of GO and MoS 2serve as nanocatalyst for water treatment and antimicrobial applications as ascertained with molecular docking evaluation. Nanotechnology 2021; 32:255704. [PMID: 33556921 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abe43c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was realized through a modified Hummers route. Different concentrations (5 and 10 wt%) of Ag were doped in MoS2and rGO using a hydrothermal technique. Synthesized Ag-MoS2and Ag-rGO were evaluated through XRD that confirmed the hexagonal structure of MoS2along with the transformation of GO to Ag-rGO as indicated by a shift in XRD peaks while Mo-O bonding and S=O functional groups were confirmed with FTIR. Morphological information of GO and formation of MoS2nanopetals as well as interlayer spacing were verified through FESEM and HRTEM respectively. Raman analysis was employed to probe any evidence regarding defect densities of GO. Optical properties of GO, MoS2, Ag-rGO, and Ag-MoS2were visualized through UV-vis and PL spectroscopy. Prepared products were employed as nanocatalysts to purify industrial wastewater. Experimental results revealed that Ag-rGO and Ag-MoS2showed 99% and 80% response in photocatalytic activity. Besides, the nanocatalyst (Ag-MoS2and Ag-rGO) exhibited 6.05 mm inhibition zones againstS. aureusgram positive (G+) and 3.05 mm forE. coligram negative (G-) in antibacterial activity. To rationalize biocidal mechanism of Ag-doped MoS2NPs and Ag-rGO,in silicomolecular docking study was employed for two enzymes i.e.β-lactamase and D-alanine-D-alanine ligase B (ddlB) from cell wall biosynthetic pathway and enoyl-[acylcarrier-protein] reductase (FabI) from fatty acid biosynthetic pathway belonging toS. aureus. The present study provides evidence for the development of cost-effective, environment friendly and viable candidate for photocatalytic and antimicrobial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Qumar
- Department of Physics, Riphah Institute of Computing and Applied Sciences (RICAS), Riphah International University, 14 Ali Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - J Hassan
- Department of Physics, Riphah Institute of Computing and Applied Sciences (RICAS), Riphah International University, 14 Ali Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S Naz
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, People's Republic of China
| | - A Haider
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - A Raza
- Department of Physics, Riphah Institute of Computing and Applied Sciences (RICAS), Riphah International University, 14 Ali Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Ul-Hamid
- Center for Engineering Research, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - J Haider
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, People's Republic of China
| | - I Shahzadi
- College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - I Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - M Ikram
- Solar Cell Applications Research Lab, Department of Physics, Government College University Lahore, 54000, Punjab, Pakistan
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Rauf A, Khalil AA, Rahman UU, Khalid A, Naz S, Shariati MA, Rebezov M, Urtecho EZ, de Albuquerque RDDG, Anwar S, Alamri A, Saini RK, Rengasamy KRR. Recent advances in the therapeutic application of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs): An updated review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:6034-6054. [PMID: 33703960 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1895064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, the gut microbiota has emerged as an important frontier in understanding the human body's homeostasis and the development of diseases. Gut flora in human beings regulates various metabolic functionalities, including enzymes, amino acid synthesis, bio-transformation of bile acid, fermentation of non-digestible carbohydrates (NDCs), generation of indoles and polyamines (PAs), and production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Among all the metabolites produced by gut microbiota, SCFAs, the final product of fermentation of dietary fibers by gut microbiota, receive lots of attention from scientists due to their pharmacological and physiological characteristics. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of SCFAs in the interaction between diet, gut microbiota, and host energy metabolism is still needed in-depth research. This review highlights the recent biotechnological advances in applying SCFAs as important metabolites to treat various diseases and maintain colonic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Anbar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan
| | - Anees Ahmed Khalil
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ubaid-Ur- Rahman
- School of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ahood Khalid
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saima Naz
- Deaprtment of Biotechnology, Woman University Mardan, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- K.G. Razumovsky, Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (the First Cossack University), Moscow, Russian
| | - Maksim Rebezov
- V.M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian.,Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russian
| | | | | | - Sirajudheen Anwar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, KSA
| | - Abdulwahab Alamri
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, KSA
| | | | - Kannan R R Rengasamy
- Indigenous Knowledge Systems Centre, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, North West Province, South Africa
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Aljohny B, Rauf A, Anwar Y, Naz S, Wadood A. Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antioxidant, and Docking Studies of Potential Dinaphthodiospyrols from Diospyros lotus Linn Roots. ACS Omega 2021; 6:5878-5885. [PMID: 33681626 PMCID: PMC7931376 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c06297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The main aims of this investigation were the isolation of dimeric naphthoquinones, a new class of dinaphthodiospyrols (1-7), from chloroform fractions and screening them for antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant potential. The susceptibility of the isolated compounds, namely, dinaphthodiospyrol A (1), dinaphthodiospyrol B (2), dinaphthodiospyrol C (3), dinaphthodiospyrol D (4), dinaphthodiospyrol E (5), dinaphthodiospyrol F (6), and dinaphthodiospyrol G (7) was assessed for antibacterial potential using well diffusion methods. The isolated compounds showed excellent antibacterial activity against selected bacterial strains, including Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus epidermis, and Bacillus subtilis, and Gram-negative bacteria Klebsiella pneumonia with the zones of inhibition 6 to 26 nm. The standard drug Imipenem showed a maximum inhibitory zone 30 to 35 nm. Similarly, the isolated compounds were screened for antifungal properties, which showed an excellent reduction in the growth of selected fungal strain including Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium solani, Trichyton logifusus, Microsporum canis , and Candida glabrata. Among all the screened compounds, 7 exhibited good activity (30-49 mm), followed by compounds 5 and 6, (35-46 mm), while compounds 1-4 showed a moderate effect (8-28 mm) against the selected fungal strain against miconazole which showed potent effects (101-110.98 mm). The isolated compounds were also screened for 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) activity. In vitro-based free radical was employed using ascorbic acid as a standard antioxidant. The tested compounds (1-7) exhibited significant antioxidant activity in a concentration-dependent manner. The dinaphthodiospyrol 7 exhibited 97.32% scavenging activity, followed by dinaphthodiospyrol 6, 92.01%, and compounds 5 and 4 with 89.90 and 88.43% scavenging activity at 100 μg/mL, respectively; ascorbic acid showed 96.45% scavenging effect. Furthermore, docking analysis was performed to know the exact binding mode of the tetra-substituted derivatives of dinaphthodiospyrols to the selected target proteins. From the docking analysis, it was found that the docking results are well correlated with the experimental observations. In conclusion, the dinaphthodiospyrols exhibited excellent antibacterial, antifungal, and free radical scavenging potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassam
Oudh Aljohny
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21441 Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Ambar 23430, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan
| | - Yasir Anwar
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21441 Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saima Naz
- Department
of Biotechnology, Woman University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department
of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan, University
Mardan, Mardan, KPK 23200 Pakistan
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Hussain N, Anwar A, Yasmeen A, Arif M, Naz S, Bibi M, Iqbal J, Qadir I, Salim MN, Latif S. Resource use efficiency of cotton in improved vs conventional planting geometry with exogenous application of bio-stimulant and synthetic growth retardant. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 81:18-26. [PMID: 32074169 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.213951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant growth regulators and improved planting density are the innovative techniques in the establishment of more productive cotton crop. A field study was planned to assess the role of growth regulators in the resource utilization efficiency of cotton cultivars under different row spacing at Agronomic Research Area, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan and Usmania Agricultural Farm, Shujaabad during Kharif 2012. The study was comprised of cotton cultivars viz. CIM-573 and CIM-598, cultivated under conventional (75 cm), medium (50 cm) and improved ultra-narrow row spacing (25 cm) and foliar spray of growth regulators viz. moringa leaf extract (MLE) and mepiquat chloride (MC), either alone or in combination, distilled water as a control. The application of MLE alone and in combination (MLE + MC) showed the promoting effect on crop growth rate, net assimilation rate, leaf area index, leaf area duration, sympodial branches and number of bolls leading to higher seed cotton yield of both cotton cultivars grown under conventional row spacing. While application of MC averts the plant growth without considerably improving the productivity. MLE being rich source of growth promoting hormone and nutrients showed its potential to a far greater extent under conventional row spacing in efficient utilization of available resources compared to MC and distilled water.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hussain
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - A Anwar
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - A Yasmeen
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - M Arif
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - S Naz
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - M Bibi
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - J Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - I Qadir
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - M N Salim
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - S Latif
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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