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Ahmed S, Lotia-Farrukh I, Khan PY, Adnan S, Sodho JS, Bano S, Siddiqui MR, Ghafoor A, Isani AK, Salahuddin N, Khan U. High prevalence of multidrug-resistant TB among household contacts in a high burden setting. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2023; 27:646-648. [PMID: 37491755 PMCID: PMC10365561 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.23.0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Ahmed
- Interactive Research and Development, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - I Lotia-Farrukh
- Interactive Research and Development, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - P Y Khan
- Interactive Research and Development, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - S Adnan
- Indus Hospital and Health Network, Karachi
| | - J S Sodho
- Interactive Research and Development, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - S Bano
- Indus Hospital and Health Network, Karachi
| | | | - A Ghafoor
- National TB Control Programme, Islamabad
| | - A K Isani
- Communicable Disease Control Sindh, Hyderabad, Pakistan
| | | | - U Khan
- Interactive Research and Development, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
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Asad F, Naz S, Ali T, Gul Y, Jamal R, Shaheen Z, Tasadaq M, Nadeem A, Anwar N, Batool N, Bano S. Effect of natural and synthetic androgen hormone on sex reversal of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 84:e272413. [PMID: 37255178 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.272413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to produce a monosex population of all male Nile tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) using 17α-methyl testosterone and common carp testes (as a source of natural androgen). Trial was conducted into two consecutive phases, the first was fry (4-5 days old)administration with negative control (without hormone) and positive control (with hormone) feed viz., MT1:60mg/kg, MT2:70mg/kg (17α-MT), carp testis CT1:70% and CT2:80% for 30 days to reverse the sex of male fish and the second phase was nursing the fingerlings for two months on control diet (32% Crude protein).Results revealed a significant growth rate (P<0.05) in the control group where final weight (4.8±0.34ab) and weight gained was recorded as 0.66±0.03ac. In proximate chemical composition of body meat, CT2 treatment showed maximum retention of crude protein, crude fat, and ash whereas dry matter showed maximum retention in MT2 and CT1 treatments. Morphological and histological examination revealed significant difference (p<0.05) in phenotypic males of Nile tilapia fed with the highest percent in MT-treated diet (MT2) of 95±0.58a while MT1, CT2 and CT1 had males of 85±6.0b, 70±5.0b and 65±6.5b, respectively. It was concluded that synthetic androgen (17αMT) was more effective for masculinization but natural androgen scan be an alternative method to produce male tilapia population in an environment-friendly manner as they are inexpensive, eco-friendly, and radially available. These results suggested that synthetic and natural androgen supplementation in the diet plays a significant role in improving growth performance and body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Asad
- Government College University Faisalabad, Zoology Department, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - S Naz
- Government College University Faisalabad, Zoology Department, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - T Ali
- Government College University Faisalabad, Zoology Department, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Y Gul
- Government College Women University Faisalabad, Zoology Department, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - R Jamal
- Government College University Faisalabad, Zoology Department, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Z Shaheen
- Government College University Faisalabad, Zoology Department, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - M Tasadaq
- Government College University Faisalabad, Zoology Department, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - A Nadeem
- Government College University Faisalabad, Zoology Department, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - N Anwar
- Government College University Faisalabad, Zoology Department, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - N Batool
- Government College University Faisalabad, Zoology Department, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - S Bano
- Government College University Faisalabad, Zoology Department, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
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Collins J, Khetrapal P, Sridhar A, Hung A, Ghazi A, Slack M, Bishop S, Wang Y, Maier-Hein L, Anvari M, Nakawala H, Garcia P, Jarc A, Bano S, Nathan A, Percy E, Burke J, Stoyanov D, Kelly J. Digital transformation of surgical services with a focus on patient wearables. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(22)02189-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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4
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Latha R, Mukherjee A, Dahiya K, Bano S, Pawar P, Kalbande R, Maji S, Beig G, Murthy BS. On the varied emission fingerprints of particulate matter over typical locations of NCR (Delhi) - A perspective for mitigation plans. J Environ Manage 2022; 311:114834. [PMID: 35287076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Source apportionment study of PM2.5 using positive matrix factorization was performed to identify the emission characteristic from different sectors (sub-urban residential, industrial and rapidly urbanizing) of Delhi during winter. Chemical characterization of PM2.5 included metals (Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb and Zn), water soluble ionic compounds (WSICs) (Cl-, NO3-, SO42- and NH4+) and Carbon partitions (OC, EC). Particulates (PM2.5) were collected on filter twice daily for stable and unstable atmospheric conditions, at the locations with specific characteristics, viz. Ayanagar, Noida and Okhla. Ions solely occupied 50% of the total PM2.5 concentration. Irrespective of location, high correlation between OC and EC (0.871-0.891) at p ≤ 0.1 is observed. Relatively lower ratio of NO3/SO4 at Ayanagar (0.696) and Okhla (0.84) denotes predominance of emission from stationary sources rather than mobile sources like that observed at Noida (1.038). Using EPA PMF5.0, optimum factors for each location are fixed based on error estimation (EE). Crustal dust, vehicular emission, biomass burning and secondary aerosol are the major contributing sources in all the three locations. Incineration contributes about 19% at Ayanagar and 18% at Okhla. Metal industries in Okhla contribute about 19% to PM2.5. These specific local emissions with considerable potency are to be targeted for long-term policymaking. Considerable secondary aerosol contribution (15%-24%) indicates that gaseous emissions also need to be reduced to improve air quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Latha
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Pune, India.
| | - A Mukherjee
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Pune, India
| | - K Dahiya
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Pune, India
| | - S Bano
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Pune, India
| | - P Pawar
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Pune, India
| | - R Kalbande
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Pune, India
| | - S Maji
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Pune, India
| | - G Beig
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Pune, India
| | - B S Murthy
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Pune, India
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De Silva P, Saad M, Mai Z, Bano S, Camargo A, Kidd M, Choe J, Hasan T. 180P Photodynamic priming of pancreatic cancer: Enabling immunotherapy. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.10.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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6
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Farid M, Khan N, Fatima M, Rasool F, Azmat H, Iqbal KJ, Nazir S, Bano S, Khizar A, Asghar M. Performance evaluation of the commercial aquafeeds available in the market of Pakistan on Channa marulius (Sole). BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 84:e250821. [PMID: 34755812 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.250821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the effect of different levels of protein on the growth, body composition, amino acid profile and serology of Channa marulius fingerlings. The experiment was conducted in ten happas installed in earthen ponds, each stocked with 10 fishes for 90 days. Four commercial fish feeds having 25%, 30%, 32% and 40% crude protein (CP) levels were fed to fish at 3% of their wet body weight three times a day. The results of the study revealed that highest weight gain, feed conversion ratio and survival rate were observed in 30% protein feed. Meanwhile, moisture content was higher in fish fed with 30% CP feed while highest crude protein was recorded in 40% CP fed fish. Lowest fat content was observed in 32% CP feed. Amino acid profile of fish revealed better results in 30% CP feed. Total protein, glucose and globulin were also highest in fish feeding 30% CP feed, while albumin was highest in 40% CP feed. It is concluded that 30% CP feed showed better results in terms of growth, amino acid profile and serological parameters without effecting fish body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Farid
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - N Khan
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Fatima
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - F Rasool
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - H Azmat
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - K J Iqbal
- Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Department of Zoology, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - S Nazir
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S Bano
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Khizar
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Asghar
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
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Beig G, Bano S, Sahu SK, Anand V, Korhale N, Rathod A, Yadav R, Mangaraj P, Murthy BS, Singh S, Latha R, Shinde R. COVID-19 and environmental -weather markers: Unfolding baseline levels and veracity of linkages in tropical India. Environ Res 2020; 191:110121. [PMID: 32835684 PMCID: PMC7442551 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is rapidly spreading across the globe due to its contagion nature. We hereby report the baseline permanent levels of two most toxic air pollutants in top ranked mega cities of India. This could be made possible for the first time due to the unprecedented COVID-19 lockdown emission scenario. The study also unfolds the association of COVID-19 with different environmental and weather markers. Although there are numerous confounding factors for the pandemic, we find a strong association of COVID-19 mortality with baseline PM2.5 levels (80% correlation) to which the population is chronically exposed and may be considered as one of the critical factors. The COVID-19 morbidity is found to be moderately anti-correlated with maximum temperature during the pandemic period (-56%). Findings although preliminary but provide a first line of information for epidemiologists and may be useful for the development of effective health risk management policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gufran Beig
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune (Ministry of Earth Sciences, Govt. of India), India.
| | - S Bano
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune (Ministry of Earth Sciences, Govt. of India), India
| | - S K Sahu
- Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - V Anand
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune (Ministry of Earth Sciences, Govt. of India), India
| | - N Korhale
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune (Ministry of Earth Sciences, Govt. of India), India
| | - A Rathod
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune (Ministry of Earth Sciences, Govt. of India), India
| | - R Yadav
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune (Ministry of Earth Sciences, Govt. of India), India
| | | | - B S Murthy
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune (Ministry of Earth Sciences, Govt. of India), India
| | - S Singh
- India Meteorological Department, New Delhi, India
| | - R Latha
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune (Ministry of Earth Sciences, Govt. of India), India
| | - R Shinde
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune (Ministry of Earth Sciences, Govt. of India), India
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8
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Abstract
Monolithic zirconia crowns have become very popular; their surface finish is considered a key factor for restoration longevity. While polishing has shown excellent results in vivo, the surface glass infiltration of zirconia may offer superior damage resistance and aesthetic advantages by using tooth-colored glasses. Thus, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of polishing and glass infiltration on the wear behavior of monolithic zirconia crowns. The wear behavior of intact natural molar teeth was investigated as a reference. Zirconia crowns were divided into 3 groups: PolZ-sintered then polished; PolGZ-polished in the presintered state and then glass infiltrated and sintered; NoPolGZ-as machined, glass infiltrated and sintered. Crowns were adhesively bonded to a dentin-like abutment. Zirconia crowns and molar teeth ( n = 15) were subjected to contact-slide-liftoff cyclic loading (200 N, 1.25 million cycles) with a steatite sphere ( r = 3 mm) as an antagonist in water. Surface and subsurface damages were investigated with optical and scanning electron microscopies. Wear depth and volume loss were determined with micro-computed tomography. PolGZ and NoPolGZ crowns exhibited shallow wear scars, where material loss remained within the glass/zirconia layer with no visible cracks. Meanwhile, PolZ crowns presented no visible wear damage. Volume loss (mm3) in the steatite antagonist was as follows (mean ± SD): PolZ = 0.022 ± 0.007, PolGZ = 0.011 ± 0.004, and NoPolGZ = 0.014 ± 0.006. Molar teeth yielded no measurable wear on the antagonist, while the wear scar on the teeth was greater than that on zirconia crowns, ranging from 0.07 to 0.35 mm3. The combination of polishing and glass infiltration on the occlusal surface of monolithic zirconia crowns yielded reduced wear on both crown and antagonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Kaizer
- 1 Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - S Bano
- 1 Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Borba
- 1 Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA.,2 Graduate Program in Dentistry, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | - V Garg
- 1 Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - M B F Dos Santos
- 3 Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Y Zhang
- 1 Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
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Islam MS, Ahmed SM, Bano S, Nadeem A, Shafi M. Correlation and agreement between arterial and central venous blood pH, PO2, PCO2 and HCO3− values of mechanically ventilated patients in intensive care unit: A prospective observational study. Colombian Journal of Anesthesiology 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rcae.2013.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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10
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Bhandari S, Shaffi M, Bano S, Siddiqui SS, Ahmad J. A case of hypotension after intranasal adrenaline infiltration causing a clinical dilemma during the intraoperative period. Indian J Anaesth 2011; 55:74-6. [PMID: 21431060 PMCID: PMC3057253 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5049.76595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Solutions containing adrenaline are widely used for presurgical infiltration. Haemodynamic changes associated with its use are well documented in the literature. Prolonged intraoperative hypotension after subcutaneous infiltration of diluted adrenaline is an uncommon scenario. We believe that our case of the prolonged episode of hypotension was secondary to infiltration of nasal septum with a high concentration of adrenaline. As β2 receptor activation leads to skeletal muscle vasodilation, a decrease in preload may have lead to profound hypotension. Postoperatively, the patient was examined and any autonomic or endocrinological pathology was ruled out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyam Bhandari
- Department of Anaeasthesiology, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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11
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Hasan SU, Pendlebury J, Yusuf K, Bano S, Lumb KJ, Schneider JM. Postnatal Vulnerability Period of Aberrant Respiratory Control in Rat Pups Exposed to Prenatal Cigarette Smoke. Paediatr Child Health 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/15.suppl_a.8a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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12
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Baig MS, Humail SM, Zaidi SI, Noor S, Bano S, Rehman S, Fawwad A. The efficacy of disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in rheumatoid arthritis in local patients of Karachi. Pak J Biol Sci 2009; 12:339-45. [PMID: 19579967 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2009.339.345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The primary objective of the study is to assess the efficacy of the 'Disease Modifying AntiRheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) on the disease activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) in the local patients of Karachi. The secondary objective is to evaluate whether the combination of two concurrent DMARDs (Combination Therapy) is superior to a single DMARD (Mono-therapy). This is an open labeled retrospective case series. One hundred and five consecutive patients fulfilling 1987 ACR criteria for the diagnosis of RA were initially selected from the case notes of out patients department. Sixty nine patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were finally recruited for analysis. Details of the Tender Joint Count (TJC), Swolen Joint Count (SJC), Patient Global Assessment (PGA) and ESR were obtained at six weeks, three months, six months and one year. Out of the 69 patients studied 48 were in the mono-therapy group and 21 in the combination therapy group. Methotrexate (MTX) was the most commonly used single DMARD (75%) as well as the most frequent component of the combination groups (85%). The TJC, SJC and PGA analyses of all patients show that DMARDs are effective agents for clinically controlling RA activity. The speed of their beneficial effect is slow and unlike analgesics and NSAIDS, may take up to six weeks to start working. The 6 week responses showed 32.49% improvement in TJC, 33.19% improvement in SJC and 59% better responses in PGA. This response continued to show further improvement and at six months when TJC improved by 63.41%, SJC by 53.21% and PGA with 81% better responses. After 6 months the response reached a plateau but nevertheless maintained until 1 year with improvements in TJC by 66.23%, SJC by 56.48% and PGA with 88.23% better responses. The changes in ESR did not go parallel with the other three outcome measures. The mean baseline ESR of 56 reduced to 44 at 6 weeks but rose again gradually to 54 at 1 year. The sub-group analysis did not show the overall superiority of combination therapy over mono-therapy. DMARDs are effective in controlling disease activity in RA. Their effect starts slowly over 6 week and may take up to 6 months to show full benefits. The beneficial effect was maintained for at least 1 year. Sub-group analysis did not show any advantage of combination therapy over mono-therapy in this series of patients. Methotrexote being the most frequently used DMARDs in both groups and being most cost effective agent seems to be the most useful drug in RA in the developing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Baig
- Baqai Rheumatology Unit, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
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Atiq M, Bana M, Ahmed US, Bano S, Yousuf M, Fadoo Z, Khurshid M. Cardiac disease in beta-thalassaemia major: Is it reversible? Singapore Med J 2006; 47:693-6. [PMID: 16865210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate the spectrum of cardiac involvement and its outcome in beta-thalassaemia major. METHODS There were 75 patients with a mean age of 13.8 (+/- 5.5) years, of whom 33 were male and 42 were female. Clinical history, examination and laboratory investigations were assessed. Electrocardiograms, chest radiographs and echocardiograms were reviewed. RESULTS 44 patients had cardiac involvement in the form of left ventricular systolic dysfunction in 17, diastolic dysfunction in 22, pericardial effusion in 12 and pulmonary hypertension in 12 patients. With intense chelation therapy and cardiac medications, the condition of 13 of 17 patients with systolic dysfunction, and four of 22 with diastolic dysfunction, improved. CONCLUSION Cardiac disease is a common complication of siderotic disease in thalassaemia major and it can be prevented with regular chelation. This study has shown improved systolic function after regular chelation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Atiq
- Department of Paediatrics, The Aga Khan University Hospital, PO Box 3500, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan.
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Bano S, Bombardieri S, Doria A, Iaccarino L, Lehmann P, Mosca M. Lupus erythematosus and the skin. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2006; 24:S26-35. [PMID: 16466622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous manifestations of patients with lupus erythematosus (LE) are very frequent, show a great variety and can occur at any stage of the disease. The most consistent environmental trigger factors so far recognized are exposure to ultraviolet light and certain drug classes known to be capable of inducing LE in otherwise healthy individuals. A classification system has been established including clinical, histologic, photobiologic, serologic, and immunogenetic findings to better define the different cutaneous subtypes of LE. During their clinical evolution, the cutaneous manifestations vary considerably, and, therefore, the diseases which should be considered in differential diagnosis are different, according to the stages of disease development. Furthermore, 25 years of experience worldwide have revealed that individuals whose disease presentation is dominated by subacute cutaneous LE skin lesions and the presence of circulating anti-Ro/SS-A antibodies represent a rather homogeneous immunogenetic subphenotype of LE that enjoys a good prognosis over time. Treatment should be individualized according to disease severity. The majority of patients with cutaneous manifestations of LE do not require systemic immuno-suppressive/ immunomodulatory therapy and the advent of recombinant biologicals has given hope to the small percentage of patients that suffer from particularly severe skin disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bano
- Division of Dermatology, University of Padova, Italy
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Abstract
QSAR studies on a set of 36 congeners of 4-aminodiphenylsulfone derivatives with measured inhibition potencies of dihydropterate synthase were made using multiple regression analysis. Conformational entropy in combination with indicator parameters gave excellent results.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Agrawal
- Department of Chemistry, A. P. S. University, Rewa 486 003, India.
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Abstract
Recently seven isolates of avian influenza virus (AIV) serotype H9N2 recovered from an outbreak of AI were analyzed on the basis of their biological and molecular characteristics. All the isolates belonged to the low-pathogenicity group of AIV. To further evaluate their pathogenic potential in association with other organisms, an isolate was inoculated experimentally in chickens using different routes and subsequently challenged with infectious bronchitis virus, Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale or Escherichia coli. The virus isolation and seromonitoring data revealed a significant role of Escherichia coli in aggravating the clinical condition of the birds earlier infected with AIV (H9N2). The AIV-antigen was detected in lung, trachea, kidney, and cloacal bursa among the infected birds, using immunofluorescent antibody technique. In another experiment, chickens that were immunosuppressed chemically showed high mortality when challenged with AIV H9N2. The results indicated that this low pathogenicity AIV (H9N2) isolate could produce severe infection depending on the type of secondary opportunistic pathogens present under field conditions. This may explain the severity of infection with the present H9N2 outbreak in the field. A prolonged antibacterial therapy in flocks infected with AIV H9N2 and use of oil-based vaccine at an early age in new flocks has helped to control this infection and the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bano
- Animal Health Laboratory, Animal Sciences Institute, National Agricultural Research Center, Park Road, Islamabad-45500, Pakistan
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Naeem K, Naurin M, Rashid S, Bano S. Seroprevalence of avian influenza virus and its relationship with increased mortality and decreased egg production. Avian Pathol 2003; 32:285-9. [PMID: 12850918 DOI: 10.1080/1030794503100009788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the occurrence of avian influenza viruses (AIV) infections in southern Pakistan, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was initially used to screen sera from broiler, layer and broiler breeder flocks for the presence of antibodies to type A influenza viruses. Data from this survey showed high levels of AIV antibodies, indicating unrecognized AIV infection occurring in these flocks. Based on this information a second investigation was undertaken in selected broiler-breeder, broiler and layer flocks. In this investigation, nine H9N2 AIV isolates were recovered. Serological data from this investigation indicated that chickens in flocks with a previous history of respiratory tract infection and some without overt clinical respiratory signs had seroconverted to H9N2 AIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Naeem
- Animal Sciences Institute National Agricultural Research Centre Park Road Islamabad-45500, Pakistsan.
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18
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Naeem K, Naurin M, Rashid S, Bano S. Seroprevalence of avian influenza virus and its relationship with increased mortality and decreased egg production. Avian Pathol 2003. [DOI: 10.1080/0307945031000097886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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19
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Singh M, Khan RM, Bano S, Huda W, Hakim S, Grover N. Non-pharmacological relief of acute pain following total abdominal hysterectomy. Can J Anaesth 2002; 49:530-1. [PMID: 11983680 DOI: 10.1007/bf03017944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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20
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Abstract
The present paper discusses QSAR studies on antimalarial 2,4-diamino-6-quinazoline sulfonamide derivatives using electronic parameters, namely energy of highest occupied molecular orbitals (EH), energy of lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (EL) and charge density (CD). The results have shown that better results are obtained by introducing dummy parameters (indicator parameter), Ip. Excellent results are obtained when all the four parameters (EH, EL, CD and Ip) are used in correlation analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Agrawal
- Department of Chemistry, APS University, Rewa 486 003, India
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21
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Oretti RG, Bano S, Azani MO, Badawy AA, Morgan CJ, McGuffin P, Buckland PR. Rat liver tryptophan pyrrolase activity and gene expression during alcohol withdrawal. Alcohol Alcohol 2000; 35:427-34. [PMID: 11022015 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/35.5.427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rat liver tryptophan (Trp) pyrrolase activity and gene expression were studied in relation to the alcohol-withdrawal syndrome (AWS). Both activity and gene expression were enhanced after withdrawal of ethanol-containing liquid diets and the time-course of these changes mirrored that of development and intensity of the behavioural disturbances of the AWS. By contrast, no correlation was observed between the AWS-induced behaviour and changes in activity of another hepatic glucocorticoid-inducible enzyme, tyrosine aminotransferase, and a negative correlation was noted between behaviour and the gene expression of this latter enzyme and also of that of the hepatic glucocorticoid receptor. We suggest that the metabolic consequences of activation of liver Trp pyrrolase during alcohol withdrawal may play a role in the behavioural features of the AWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- R G Oretti
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN. Cardiff, UK
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22
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Agrawal VK, Sinha S, Bano S, Khadikar PV. QSAR studies on antimalarial activities of 2-phenyl-4-quinoline-carbinolamines. Pol J Pharmacol 1999; 51:517-23. [PMID: 10817530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
QSAR study on a series of 2-phenyl-4-quinoline carbinolamine antimalarials was performed using electronic parameters to correlate the electronic features with antimalarial activities. The electronic parameters used were energy of the highest occupied molecular orbitals (EH), energy of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (EL), the total pi-electron energy (ET) and charge density (CD). The results have shown that the antimalarial potential can be modeled by these parameters. The study will aid in efficient designing of this class of antimalarial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Agrawal
- Department of Chemistry, APS University, Rewa, India
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23
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Bano S, Morgan CJ, Badawy AA, Buckland PR, Guffin PM. Inhibition of rat liver tryptophan pyrrolase activity by fluoxetine. Pak J Pharm Sci 1999; 12:11-6. [PMID: 16414828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study has demonstrated the effectiveness of acute administration of fluoxetine to inhibit rat liver tryptophan pyrrolase activity. The maximum inhibition of basal liver tryptophan pyrrolase activity at 2 h after administration was observed with 1 mg/kg dose for the total enzyme and apoenzyme activities and that significant inhibition of these two activities was evident with a dose of the drug as small as 0.5 mg/kg. Serum free tryptophan concentrations were also increased using 10 mg/kg dose of fluoxetine. In view of the role of tryptophan depletion and thus 5-HT in pathophysiology of depression, it is strongly suggested that the inhibition of liver tryptophan pyrrolase activity may be a major mechanism of antidepressant action.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bano
- Cardiff Community Health Care NHS Trust, Biomedical Research Laboratory, Witchurch Hospital, Cardiff CF4 7XB, UK
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24
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Ahmed SM, Khan RM, Bano S, Ajmani P, Kumar A. Is spinal anaesthesia safe in pre-eclamptic toxaemia patients? J Indian Med Assoc 1999; 97:165-8. [PMID: 10652883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Thirty-three patients of pre-eclamptic toxaemia underwent caesarean section (CS) under general anaesthesia (n = 16) and spinal anaesthesia (n = 17). The Apgar score at 1, 5 and 10 minutes of the babies following spinal anaesthesia (SA) were only marginally better than that of general anaesthesia (GA; P > 0.05). The incidence of complication following GA (68.8%) were significantly (P < 0.05) more than that of SA (47.1%). Commonest complications following GA were intra-operative hypertension (68.8%) followed by difficult intubation (25%), pulmonary oedema (12.8%), delayed recovery (12.8%) and mortality (4.3%). While following SA complications were intra-operative hypotension (47.1%), difficult SA (29.4%) and intra-operative vomiting (5.9%). The nature of complications following GA were more serious which may even lead to mortality (4.3%), whereas following SA it was less serious and easily manageable. Hence SA is not as unsafe as it is thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Ahmed
- Department of Anaesthesiology, JN Medical College, AMU, Aligarh
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25
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Bano S, Morgan CJ, Badawy AA, Colombo G, Buckland PR, McGuffin P, Fadda F, Gessa GL. Tryptophan metabolism in male Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) and -non-preferring (sNP) rats. Alcohol Alcohol 1998; 33:220-5. [PMID: 9632047 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.alcalc.a008385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Parameters of tryptophan (Trp) and related metabolism were compared in male Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) and -non-preferring (sNP) rats. Liver Trp pyrrolase activity was 38-58% higher in sP than in sNP rats, and this was associated with a greater expression of the enzyme mRNA as measured by multiprobe oligonucleotide solution hybridization. Moderately (about 10-19%), but significantly, lower concentrations of free serum, total serum, and brain Trp were also observed in sP compared with sNP rats. Concentrations of whole brain 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and its major metabolite 5-hydroxyindol-3-yl-acetic acid (5-HIAA) were, however, 14-21% higher in sP rats. Serum corticosterone concentration was 18% higher in sP rats. We conclude that alcohol preference in Sardinian rats is associated with increased liver Trp pyrrolase activity and mRNA expression leading to a decrease in Trp availability to the brain. Although a simple serotonin deficiency could not be demonstrated in the whole brain, the possibility could not be ruled out that a deficiency may be present in discrete areas of the brain of the sP rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bano
- Division of Psychological Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
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26
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Bano S, Parihar MS. Reduction of lipid peroxidation in different brain regions by a combination of alpha-tocopherol and ascorbic acid. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 1998; 104:1277-86. [PMID: 9503273 DOI: 10.1007/bf01294728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lipid peroxidation an outcome of free radicals activity has been hypothesized as one of the possible factor involved in the pathogenesis of neuronal damage. We investigated the effects of free radical scavengers, alpha-tocopherol (T) and ascorbic acid (A) combination (TA-combination) to attenuate tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH)-induced lipid peroxidation in different regions of mice brain. Examinations of effect of three regimens (100, 200, 300 mg/kg body weight) of t-BuOOH on mid brain, cerebellum, striatum, cortex and hippocampus revealed dose and time dependent increase in lipid peroxidation. We observed that prior supplementation of TA-combination reduced lipid peroxidation induced by t-BuOOH in every brain region. These findings suggest that TA-combination may play a vital role in protecting the brain tissue against free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bano
- Biochemistry Division, School of Studies in Zoology, Vikram University, Ujjain, India
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Ahmed SM, Panja C, Khan RM, Bano S. Lansoprazole potentiates vecuronium paralysis. J Indian Med Assoc 1997; 95:422-3. [PMID: 9425843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The effect of lansoprazole, a newer second generation proton pump inhibitor, on vecuronium induced muscle paralysis was evaluated. Fifty adult patients comprising grade I (normal healthy patient) and grade II (patient with a mild systemic disease) as classified by the American Society of Anesthesiologists were randomly allocated into two different groups each consisting of 25 patients. Group I (control) did not receive lansoprazole and group II (study) received 30 mg lansoprazole in the night before operation. There was no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) in the time required for complete paralysis between group I (215.7 +/- 15.19 seconds) and group II (197.5 +/- 14.13 seconds). However, the duration of paralysis was significantly different (p < 0.05) between group I (32.7 +/- 8.7 minutes) and group II (43.9 +/- 9.3 minutes). It was concluded that there is a potential for interactions and one should carefully and closely monitor the patients to prevent prolonged paralysis in patients receiving lansoprazole, as a pre-anaesthetic medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Ahmed
- Department of Anaesthesiology, JN Medical College, Aligarh
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Oretti R, Bano S, Morgan CJ, Badawy AA, Bonner A, Buckland P, McGuffin P. Prevention by cycloheximide of the audiogenic seizures and tryptophan metabolic disturbances of ethanol withdrawal in rats. Alcohol Alcohol 1996; 31:243-7. [PMID: 8844029 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.alcalc.a008143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cycloheximide (20 mg/kg body wt, given intraperitoneally at-1 and 3 h after withdrawal of an ethanol-containing liquid diet) prevents the activation of liver tryptophan pyrrolase, the consequent inhibition of synthesis of brain 5-hydroxytryptamine, and the audiogenic seizures observed at 7 h after alcohol withdrawal. We suggest that a rapidly-turning-over protein mediates the alcohol withdrawal syndrome and discuss the possible role of liver tryptophan pyrrolase.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Oretti
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Health Park, Cardiff, UK
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30
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Bano S, Oretti RG, Morgan CJ, Badawy AA, Buckland PR, McGuffin P. Effects of chronic administration and subsequent withdrawal of ethanol-containing liquid diet on rat liver tryptophan pyrrolase and tryptophan metabolism. Alcohol Alcohol 1996; 31:205-15. [PMID: 8737017 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.alcalc.a008133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
An investigation of the effects of chronic administration of ethanol by the liquid diet procedure and its subsequent withdrawal on tryptophan (Trp) metabolism and disposition was performed in rats. Treatment with the control liquid diet caused an enhancement of liver Trp pyrrolase activity and mRNA abundance. These effects are not due to the starvation associated with this feeding procedure, because they occur in rats maintained on the liquid diet ad libitum. Chronic ethanol administration in the liquid diet did not further influence the above increased expression of Trp pyrrolase mRNA but caused inhibition of pyrrolase activity in competition with the effects of the diet. The control liquid diet decreased liver Trp concentration, but exerted no significant effects on other aspects of Trp disposition. The most striking and robust finding was a highly significant elevation in both Trp pyrrolase activity and mRNA expression at 7 h following discontinuation of ethanol availability, at which time there were demonstrable behavioural signs of ethanol withdrawal. The increase in Trp pyrrolase mRNA during alcohol withdrawal may be caused by corticosterone, whose circulating concentration was also increased. The changes in Trp pyrrolase activity during ethanol withdrawal were associated with significant alterations in Trp disposition including decreased brain Trp concentration and 5-hydroxytryptamine synthesis and turnover. These alterations may play a pivotal role in the behavioural manifestations of ethanol withdrawal including the hyperexcitement underlying audiogenic seizures. We suggest that rat Trp pyrrolase gene regulation may be an important biological determinant of the ethanol withdrawal syndrome and requires further study, and that the use of the liquid diet procedure in Trp metabolic studies requires inclusion of adequate controls and special attention to the effects of the liquid diet itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bano
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
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31
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Morgan JC, Bano S, Buckland P, McGuffin P. Mechanism of enhancement of rat brain serotonin synthesis by acute fluoxetine administration. J Neurochem 1996; 66:436-7. [PMID: 8522987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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32
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Shaikh W, Shameel M, Hayee-Memon A, Usmanghani K, Bano S, Ahmad VU. Isolation and characterization of chemical constituents of Stoechospermum marginatum (Dictyotales, Phaeophyta) and their antimicrobial activity. Pak J Pharm Sci 1990; 3:1-9. [PMID: 16414664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
From chloroform and methanolic extracts of Stoechospermum marginatum (C. Ag.) Kutz. Five saturated and four unsaturated fatty acids, three sterols, four diterpenes and D-mannitol were isolated. The fatty acids, analysed as methyl esters, were myristate, pentadecylate, palmitate, margarate and nonadecylate among saturated and tetradecatrienoate, pentadecenoate, hiragonate and oleate among unsaturated ones. The sterols were identified as cholesterol [1], 24-methylene cholesterol [2] and 24-methyl cholesterol [3]. The diterpenoids were determined as 19-acetoxy-5 (R), 15, 18 (R and S)-trihydroxyapata-13, 16 (E)-diene [4], 5 (R), 15, 18 (R and S), l9-tetrahydraxyspata-13, 16 (E)-diene [5], 5 (R), 18-dihydroayspata-13, 16 (E)-diene [6] and 5 (R), 16-dihydroxyspata-13, 17-diene [7]. All these diterpenes showed strong antibacterial activity against three gram +ve and six gram -ve bacteria. The crude extract was found active against three fungi in 10 mg/ml concentration, whereas the diterpene [5] exhibited activity against only one fungus.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Shaikh
- Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
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Abstract
Guaiacin A and B, two new saponins, have been isolated from the leaves of G. OFFICINALE and were characterised on the basis of (13)C-NMR and FAD mass spectroscopy as 3- O-(beta- D-glucopyranosyl (1-->3)-alpha- L-arabinopyranosyl]-30-nor-olean-12,20(29)-dien-28- O-beta- D-glucopyranosyl ester ( 1) and 3- O-[ D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)-alpha- L-arabinopyranosyl] oleanolic acid-28- O-beta- D-glucopyranosyl ester ( 2).
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Affiliation(s)
- V U Ahmad
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi-32, Pakistan
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Bano S, Ali MS, Ahmad VU. Marine Natural Products; VI. A Halogenated Chamigrene Epoxide from the Red Alga Laurencia pinnatifida. Planta Med 1987; 53:508. [PMID: 17269091 DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-962796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Bano
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi-32, Pakistan
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Rieu R, Bano S, Pelissier R, Bergeron P, Reggi M, Courbier R. Influence of the haemodynamic parameters on the repartition of the flow between an artery and its graft. INT ANGIOL 1987; 6:147-52. [PMID: 3323352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the repartition of the flow between an artery and its graft for several values of the geometric and dynamic parameters (length and severity of the stenosis, Reynolds number and frequency pulse value). The model, fabricated in silicone, was included in an hydrodynamic test bench, allowing to reproduce physiological conditions. Our study showed that the severity of the stenosis was the most influent parameter on the repartition of the flow; in particular, a 75% severity was necessary to obtain a repartition 70-30% between the graft and the artery.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rieu
- Institut de Mécanique des Fluides, U.M. 34 C.N.R.S., Marseille, France
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Abstract
A new triterpene, nepehinol, has been isolated from the medicinal plant NEPETA HINDOSTANA. The structure 3beta-hydroxy-18beta, 19alpha H-lup-20 (19)-ene has been suggested for it.
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Affiliation(s)
- V U Ahmad
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi-32/Pakistan
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Khan MA, Ansari MN, Bano S. Role of prophylactic antibiotics in clean surgical procedures. J Indian Med Assoc 1984; 82:441-3. [PMID: 6535814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Bano S, Sen AB. Cephalic structures in the microfilaria of Chandlerella hawkingi. J Helminthol 1973; 47:1-8. [PMID: 4122099 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x00023683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Microfilariae of Chandlerella hawkingi, a filarial parasite of the Indian jungle crow Corvus macrorhynchos Wagler, have been studied using the special staining techniques of Laurence and Simpson (1969). At the tip of the cephalic space a fang-like hook, bifurcated at the base, was visible. Near the hook four equilateral triangle-shaped spines could be seen arranged in a transverse row. There is a well defined oral ring. The pharyngeal thread starts as a funnel-shaped structure to end in the Innenkorper situated in the posterior third of the body.
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