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Gil-Guillén I, Freitas PAV, González-Martínez C, Chiralt A. Obtaining Cellulose Fibers from Almond Shell by Combining Subcritical Water Extraction and Bleaching with Hydrogen Peroxide. Molecules 2024; 29:3284. [PMID: 39064863 PMCID: PMC11279672 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29143284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Almond shell (AS) represents about 33% of the almond fruit, being a cellulose-rich by-product. The use of greener methods for separating cellulose would contribute to better exploitation of this biomass. Subcritical water extraction (SWE) at 160 and 180 °C has been used as a previous treatment to purify cellulose of AS, followed by a bleaching step with hydrogen peroxide (8%) at pH 12. For comparison purposes, bleaching with sodium chlorite of the extraction residues was also studied. The highest extraction temperature promoted the removal of hemicellulose and the subsequent delignification during the bleaching step. After bleaching with hydrogen peroxide, the AS particles had a cellulose content of 71 and 78%, with crystallinity index of 50 and 62%, respectively, for those treated at 160 and 180 °C. The use of sodium chlorite as bleaching agent improved the cellulose purification and crystallinity index. Nevertheless, cellulose obtained by both bleaching treatments could be useful for different applications. Therefore, SWE represents a promising green technique to improve the bleaching sensitivity of lignocellulosic residues, such as AS, allowing for a great reduction in chemicals in the cellulose purification processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Gil-Guillén
- Institute of Food Engineering—FoodUPV, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (P.A.V.F.); (C.G.-M.); (A.C.)
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Tenyang N, Haman B, Tawai A, Tabanty Z, Douka G, Ponka R, Womeni H. Leaves of Allium cepa and Xylopia aethiopica fruits as potent sources of natural antioxidant for stabilization of viscera FISH oil during accelerated storage. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31225. [PMID: 38799740 PMCID: PMC11126847 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the antioxidant activities of methanolic extracts of two local plants and their capacities to preserve the quality of viscera fish oil during storage. The total phenolic, total flavonoids and tannins contents were analyzed by colorimetry, the preliminary antioxidant tests done and identification of phenolic compounds by HPLC-DAD (Diode Array Detector) and ESI-MS. After these evaluation, the plant extracts were added in viscera fish oil at concentration 200-1000 ppm. The oxidative stability of these fish oil samples was evaluated by measuring their qualities indices during 16 days at 70 °C. Here, oils were collected at the day 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16. The total phenolic, flavonoids and tannins contents in Xylopia aethiopica fruits were 15.62 g Eq acid galic/100g of dry extract, 10.85 mg Eq quercetin/100g of dry extract and 0.79 mg Eq cathechin/100 mg of dry extract. Those of Allium cepa leaves were 6.85 g Eq acid galic/100g of dry extract, 1.50 mg Eq quercetin/100g of dry extract and 0.11 mg Eq cathechin/100 mg of dry extract. All the methanolic extracts exhibited antioxidant activity. The results recorded after FRAP assay revealed the low IC50 (12.87 mg/mL) in Allium cepa extract compared to that of Xylopia aethiopica extract (44.90 mg/mL). These local plants contain many classes of phenolic compounds and they can be used in oil and fat industries as alternative of synthetic antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Tenyang
- University of Maroua, Faculty of Science, Department of Biological Science, P.O. Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - B.Z. Haman
- University of Maroua, Faculty of Science, Department of Biological Science, P.O. Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - A.J. Tawai
- University of Maroua, Faculty of Science, Department of Biological Science, P.O. Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - Z.G. Tabanty
- University of Maroua, Faculty of Science, Department of Biological Science, P.O. Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - G. Douka
- University of Maroua, Faculty of Science, Department of Biological Science, P.O. Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - R. Ponka
- University of Maroua, National Advanced School of Engineering, Department of Agriculture, Livestock and By-Products, P.O. Box 46, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - H.M. Womeni
- University of Dschang, Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
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Gomez-Molina M, Albaladejo-Marico L, Yepes-Molina L, Nicolas-Espinosa J, Navarro-León E, Garcia-Ibañez P, Carvajal M. Exploring Phenolic Compounds in Crop By-Products for Cosmetic Efficacy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5884. [PMID: 38892070 PMCID: PMC11172794 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds represent a group of secondary metabolites that serve essential functions in plants. Beyond their positive impact on plants, these phenolic metabolites, often referred to as polyphenols, possess a range of biological properties that can promote skin health. Scientific research indicates that topically using phenolics derived from plants can be advantageous, but their activity and stability highly depend on storage of the source material and the extraction method. These compounds have the ability to relieve symptoms and hinder the progression of different skin diseases. Because they come from natural sources and have minimal toxicity, phenolic compounds show potential in addressing the causes and effects of skin aging, skin diseases, and various types of skin damage, such as wounds and burns. Hence, this review provides extensive information on the particular crops from which by-product phenolic compounds can be sourced, also emphasizing the need to conduct research according to proper plant material storage practices and the choice of the best extracting method, along with an examination of their specific functions and the mechanisms by which they act to protect skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gomez-Molina
- Aquaporins Group, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus Universitario de Espinardo—25, E-30100 Murcia, Spain; (M.G.-M.); (L.A.-M.); (L.Y.-M.); (J.N.-E.); (P.G.-I.)
| | - Lorena Albaladejo-Marico
- Aquaporins Group, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus Universitario de Espinardo—25, E-30100 Murcia, Spain; (M.G.-M.); (L.A.-M.); (L.Y.-M.); (J.N.-E.); (P.G.-I.)
| | - Lucia Yepes-Molina
- Aquaporins Group, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus Universitario de Espinardo—25, E-30100 Murcia, Spain; (M.G.-M.); (L.A.-M.); (L.Y.-M.); (J.N.-E.); (P.G.-I.)
| | - Juan Nicolas-Espinosa
- Aquaporins Group, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus Universitario de Espinardo—25, E-30100 Murcia, Spain; (M.G.-M.); (L.A.-M.); (L.Y.-M.); (J.N.-E.); (P.G.-I.)
| | - Eloy Navarro-León
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain;
| | - Paula Garcia-Ibañez
- Aquaporins Group, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus Universitario de Espinardo—25, E-30100 Murcia, Spain; (M.G.-M.); (L.A.-M.); (L.Y.-M.); (J.N.-E.); (P.G.-I.)
| | - Micaela Carvajal
- Aquaporins Group, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus Universitario de Espinardo—25, E-30100 Murcia, Spain; (M.G.-M.); (L.A.-M.); (L.Y.-M.); (J.N.-E.); (P.G.-I.)
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Alshahrani AA, Alqarni LS, Alghamdi MD, Alotaibi NF, Moustafa SM, Nassar AM. Phytosynthesis via wasted onion peel extract of samarium oxide/silver core/shell nanoparticles for excellent inhibition of microbes. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24815. [PMID: 38322933 PMCID: PMC10845252 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The aqueous onion peel extract (OPE) was used to synthesize silver nanoparticles (Ag-onion), samarium oxide nanoparticles (Sm2O3-onion), and silver/samarium oxide core/shell nanoparticles (Ag@Sm2O3-onion). The produced nanoparticles were characterized by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectra (FT-IR), absorption spectra (UV-Vis), energy band gap, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), zeta potential, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). OPE and NPs were tested for the disinfection of some water microbes. XRD analysis exhibited an amorphous structure of samarium oxide in both Sm2O3-onion and Ag@ Sm2O3-onion. The isolated bacteria from the water sample were Bacillus subtilis (OQ073500) and Escherichia coli (MW534699), while the isolated fungi were Alternaria brassicae (MZ266540), Aspergillus flavus (MT550030), Aspergillus penicillioides (MW957971), Pythium ultimum (MW830915), Verticillium dahlia (MW830379), Fusarium acuminatum (MZ266538), Candida albicans (MW534712), and Candida parapsilosis (MW960416). High levels of antimicrobial activity were seen in both the nanoparticles and the aqueous onion peel extract. Based on experimental results, Ag@Sm2O3 demonstrated the highest activity as an effective disinfectant, indicating the effectiveness of the modification process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha A. Alshahrani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al‐Baha University, P.O. Box 1988, Al‐Baha, 65799, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laila S. Alqarni
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha D. Alghamdi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al‐Baha University, P.O. Box 1988, Al‐Baha, 65799, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser F. Alotaibi
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Amr M. Nassar
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
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Trigueros E, Benito-Román Ó, Oliveira AP, Videira RA, Andrade PB, Sanz MT, Beltrán S. Onion ( Allium cepa L.) Skin Waste Valorization: Unveiling the Phenolic Profile and Biological Potential for the Creation of Bioactive Agents through Subcritical Water Extraction. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:205. [PMID: 38397803 PMCID: PMC10886289 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Onion skin waste (OSW), the primary non-edible byproduct from onion processing, offers a renewable source of bioactive compounds. This study aims to valorize OSW through subcritical water extraction (SWE), aligning with a circular economy and biorefinery principles. SWE was carried out at 145 °C and 50 bar for 50 min in a discontinuous reactor, producing a phenolic-rich extract (32.3 ± 2.6 mg/g) dominated by protocatechuic acid (20.3 ± 2.5 mg/g), quercetin-4'-O-glucoside (7.5 ± 0.2 mg/g), and quercetin (3.2 ± 0.6 mg/g). Additionally, the extract contains sugars (207.1 ± 20.3 mg sucrose-Eq/g), proteins (22.8 ± 1.6 mg BSA-Eq/g), and free amino acids (20.4 ± 1.2 mg arginine-Eq/g). Its phenolic richness determines its scavenging activity against ●NO and O2●- radicals and its α-glucosidase and aldose-reductase inhibition without affecting α-amylase. Notably, the extract demonstrates significant α-glucosidase inhibition (IC50 = 75.6 ± 43.5 µg/mL), surpassing acarbose (IC50 = 129.5 ± 1.0 µg/mL) in both pure enzyme and cell culture tests without showing cytotoxicity to AGS, HepG2, and Caco-2 human cell lines. The extract's bioactivity and nutritional content make it suitable for developing antioxidant and antidiabetic nutraceutical/food components, highlighting SWE's potential for OSW valorization without using organic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Trigueros
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Chemical Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050–313 Porto, Portugal; (A.P.O.); (R.A.V.); (P.B.A.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Chemical Engineering Division, University of Burgos, Plza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain; (Ó.B.-R.); (M.T.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Óscar Benito-Román
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Chemical Engineering Division, University of Burgos, Plza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain; (Ó.B.-R.); (M.T.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Andreia P. Oliveira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Chemical Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050–313 Porto, Portugal; (A.P.O.); (R.A.V.); (P.B.A.)
| | - Romeu A. Videira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Chemical Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050–313 Porto, Portugal; (A.P.O.); (R.A.V.); (P.B.A.)
| | - Paula B. Andrade
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Chemical Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050–313 Porto, Portugal; (A.P.O.); (R.A.V.); (P.B.A.)
| | - María Teresa Sanz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Chemical Engineering Division, University of Burgos, Plza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain; (Ó.B.-R.); (M.T.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Sagrario Beltrán
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Chemical Engineering Division, University of Burgos, Plza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain; (Ó.B.-R.); (M.T.S.); (S.B.)
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Maqbool Z, Khalid W, Mahum, Khan A, Azmat M, Sehrish A, Zia S, Koraqi H, AL‐Farga A, Aqlan F, Khan KA. Cereal sprout-based food products: Industrial application, novel extraction, consumer acceptance, antioxidant potential, sensory evaluation, and health perspective. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:707-721. [PMID: 38370091 PMCID: PMC10867502 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Cereal grains are a good source of macronutrients and micronutrients that are required for metabolic activity in the human body. Sprouts have been studied to enhance the nutrient profile. Moreover, secondary metabolites are examined as green food engineering technology that is used in the pharmaceutical, functional ingredients, nutraceutical, and cosmetic industries. The sprout-based food is commonly used to enhance the quality of products by softening the structure of the whole grain and increasing the phytochemicals (nutritional value and bioactive compounds). These sprouting grains can be added to a variety of products including snacks, bakery, beverage, and meat. Consuming whole grains has been shown to reduce the incidence and mortality of a variety of chronic and noncommunicable diseases. Sprouting grains have a diversity of biological functions, including antidiabetic, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. Cereal sprout-based products are more beneficial in reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases and gastrointestinal tract diseases. The novel extraction techniques (microwave-existed extraction, pulse electric field, and enzyme-associated) are applied to maintain and ensure the efficiency, safety, and nutritional profile of sprout. Nutrient-dense sprouts have a low environmental impact and are widely accepted by consumers. This review explores for the first time and sheds light on the antioxidant potential, sensory evaluation, industrial applications, and health perspective of cereal sprout-based food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Maqbool
- Department of Food ScienceGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Waseem Khalid
- University Institute of Food Science and TechnologyThe University of LahoreLahorePakistan
| | - Mahum
- Food Science and TechnologyMuhammad Nawaz Sharif University of AgricultureMultanPakistan
| | - Anosha Khan
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Maliha Azmat
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Aqeela Sehrish
- Department of Plant and Soil ScienceTexas Tech UniversityLubbockTexasUSA
| | - Sania Zia
- University Institute of Food Science and TechnologyThe University of LahoreLahorePakistan
| | - Hyrije Koraqi
- Faculty of Food Science and BiotechnologyUBT‐Higher Education InstitutionPristinaKosovo
| | - Ammar AL‐Farga
- Department of Biochemistry, College of SciencesUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Aqlan
- Department of Chemistry, College of SciencesIbb UniversityIbbYemen
| | - Khalid Ali Khan
- Center of Bee Research and its Products/ Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS)King Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia
- Applied CollegeKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia
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Kumar G, Perera D, Sudheer KP, Zhang P, Dhital S. Leaching of Phytochemicals from Beans during Hydration, Kinetics, and Modeling. Foods 2024; 13:354. [PMID: 38275721 PMCID: PMC10815358 DOI: 10.3390/foods13020354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In the current era, there is a growing emphasis on the circular economy and the valorization of waste products. Bean processing industries generate substantial nutrient-rich waste laden with valuable phytochemicals. Understanding the leaching patterns and kinetics of major phytochemicals is key to designing better processes leading to increased sustainability. This review investigates phytochemical leaching mechanisms and kinetic modeling methods. Firstly we lay the foundation with a broad theoretical framework, and later deal with kinetic modeling approaches and promising areas for future research. Currently, the composition of industrial-scale bean wastewater remains undocumented in the open literature. Nonetheless, drawing from existing studies and general bean composition knowledge, we proposed a multi-phase leaching process. We hypothesize three distinct phases: initial leaching of phytochemicals from the outer seed coat, followed by a second phase involving polysaccharides, and concluding with a third phase wherein phenolic acids within the cotyledons leach into the hydration water. This review aims to shed light on the complex process of phytochemical leaching from common beans during hydration. By combining theoretical insights and practical modeling strategies, this work seeks to enhance our understanding of this phenomenon and ultimately contribute to the optimization of food processing methods with reduced environmental impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Kumar
- Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia (BioPRIA), Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (G.K.); (D.P.)
| | - Dilini Perera
- Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia (BioPRIA), Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (G.K.); (D.P.)
| | | | - Pangzhen Zhang
- School of Agriculture & Food, Faculty of Veterinary & Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - Sushil Dhital
- Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia (BioPRIA), Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (G.K.); (D.P.)
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Pusty K, Kumar Dash K, Giri S, Raj GVSB, Tiwari A, Shaikh AM, Béla K. Ultrasound assisted phytochemical extraction of red cabbage by using deep eutectic solvent: Modelling using ANFIS and optimization by genetic algorithms. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 102:106762. [PMID: 38211496 PMCID: PMC10825368 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The present investigation studied the effect of process parameters on the extraction of phytochemicals from red cabbage by the application of ultrasonication and temperature. The solvent selected for the study was deep eutectic solvent (DES) prepared by choline chloride and citric acid. The ultrasound assisted extraction process was modeled using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) algorithm and integrated with the genetic algorithm for optimization purposes. The independent variables that influenced the responses (total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, total anthocyanin activity, and total flavonoid content) were ultrasonication power, temperature, molar ratio of DES, and water content of DES. Each ANFIS model was formed by the training of three Gaussian-type membership functions (MF) for each input, trained by a hybrid algorithm with 500 epochs and linear type MF for output MF. The ANFIS model predicted each response close to the experimental data which is evident by the statistical parameters (R2>0.953 and RMSE <1.165). The integrated hybrid ANFIS-GA algorithm predicted the optimized condition for the process parameters of ultrasound assisted extraction of phytochemicals from red cabbage was found to be 252.114 W for ultrasonication power, 52.715 °C of temperature, 2.0677:1 of molar ratio of DES and 25.947 % of water content in DES solvent with maximum extraction content of responses, with fitness value 3.352. The relative deviation between the experimental and ANFIS predicted values for total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, total anthocyanin activity, and total flavonoid content was found to be 1.849 %, 3.495 %, 2.801 %, and 4.661 % respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasturi Pusty
- Department of Food Processing Technology, Ghani Khan Choudhury Institute of Engineering and Technology, Malda, West Bengal, India; Department of Agricultural Engineering, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Kshirod Kumar Dash
- Department of Food Processing Technology, Ghani Khan Choudhury Institute of Engineering and Technology, Malda, West Bengal, India.
| | - Souvik Giri
- Department of Food Processing Technology, Ghani Khan Choudhury Institute of Engineering and Technology, Malda, West Bengal, India
| | - G V S Bhagya Raj
- Department of Food Processing Technology, Ghani Khan Choudhury Institute of Engineering and Technology, Malda, West Bengal, India
| | - Ajita Tiwari
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Ayaz Mukarram Shaikh
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food Science and Environmental Management Institute of Food Science, University of Debrecen, Debrecen 4032, Hungary
| | - Kovács Béla
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food Science and Environmental Management Institute of Food Science, University of Debrecen, Debrecen 4032, Hungary.
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Bains A, Sridhar K, Singh BN, Kuhad RC, Chawla P, Sharma M. Valorization of onion peel waste: From trash to treasure. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 343:140178. [PMID: 37714483 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Globally, fruits and vegetables are consumed as raw, processed, or as an additive, accounting for approximately 50% of total food wastage. Among the fruits and vegetables, onion is well known for its potential bioactive components; however, peels of onion are a major concern for the environmental health and food industries. Effective utilization methods for valorizing the onion peel should be needed to develop value-added products, which are more eco-friendly, cost-effective, and sustainable. Therefore, this review attempts to emphasize the conventional and emerging valorization techniques for onion peel waste to generate value-added products. Several vital applications including anticancerous, antiobesity, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities are thoroughly discussed. The findings showed that the use of advanced technologies like ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, and enzymatic extraction, demonstrated improved extraction efficiency and higher yield of bioactive compounds, which showed the anticancerous, antiobesity, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, in-depth studies are recommended to elucidate the mechanisms of action and potential synergistic effects of the bioactive compounds derived from onion peel waste, and to promote the sustainable utilization of onion peel waste in the long-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Bains
- Department of Microbiology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Kandi Sridhar
- Department of Food Technology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education (Deemed to be University), Coimbatore, 641021, India
| | - Brahma Nand Singh
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ramesh Chander Kuhad
- Sharda School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida - 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India; DPG Institute of Management and Technology, Sector-34, Gurugram - 122004, Haryana, India
| | - Prince Chawla
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India.
| | - Minaxi Sharma
- CARAH ASBL, Rue Paul Pastur, 11, Ath, 7800, Belgium.
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Messias MA, Ferreira SM, Tavares L, Santos L. A Comparative Study between Onion Peel Extracts, Free and Complexed with β-Cyclodextrin, as a Natural UV Filter to Cosmetic Formulations. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15854. [PMID: 37958837 PMCID: PMC10650503 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing concern regarding the adverse effects of synthetic UV filters found in sunscreens has spurred significant attention due to their potential harm to aquatic ecosystems and human health. To address this, the present study aimed to extract and microencapsulate sensitive bioactive compounds derived from by-product onion peel (OP) by molecular inclusion using β-cyclodextrin as the wall material. Identification and quantification of bioactive compounds within the extract were conducted through high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-DAD) analysis, revealing quercetin and resveratrol as the primary constituents. The photoprotection capacity, evaluated by the sun protection factor (SPF), revealed a protection factor comparable to the value for a synthetic UV filter. The produced microparticles presented high antioxidant capacity, significant photoprotection capacity, encapsulation efficiency of 91.8%, mean diameter of 31 μm, and polydispersity of 2.09. Furthermore, to comprehensively evaluate the performance of OP extract and its potential as a natural UV filter, five O/W emulsions were produced. Results demonstrated that microparticles displayed superior ability in maintaining SPF values over a five-week period. Photoprotection evaluation-skin reactivity tests revealed that both extract and microparticles absorb UV radiation in other regions of UV radiation, revealing their potential to be used as a natural UV filter to produce a sustainable and eco-friendly value-added sunscreen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana A. Messias
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty de Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (M.A.M.); (S.M.F.)
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty de Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara M. Ferreira
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty de Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (M.A.M.); (S.M.F.)
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty de Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Loleny Tavares
- ESAN—School of Design, Management and Production Technologies Northern Aveiro, University of Aveiro, Estrada do Cercal 449, Santiago de Riba-UI, 3720-509 Oliveira de Azeméis, Portugal;
- CICECO-Aveiro—Institute of Materials, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- EMaRT Group—Emerging: Materials, Research, Technology, School of Design, Management and Production Technologies Northern Aveiro, University of Aveiro, Estrada do Cercal, 449, 3720-509 Oliveira de Azeméis, Portugal
| | - Lúcia Santos
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty de Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (M.A.M.); (S.M.F.)
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty de Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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11
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Shahkouhmahali E, Mohamadzadeh J. Optimization of phenolic compounds extraction from olive mill wastewater using response surface methodology. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 88:2400-2408. [PMID: 37966190 PMCID: wst_2023_346 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Large amounts of pomace are produced during the extraction of olive oil. This is because only 21% of an olive's weight is made up of oil, while 79% includes water, bark and pulp. This project extracted total phenolic compounds (TPCs) from olive mill wastewater as efficiently as possible. The TPCs were analyzed and the total antioxidant activity (TAA) was evaluated by spectrophotometry. Data were evaluated using the response surface method (RSM). The largest TAA and TPC were discovered in extracting using 80% ethanol at 25 °C, and 2.5 bar with pH = 4. The highest amount of TPCs was 11.614 mg of gallic acid per 100 mL, and a value of 71.06% was reported for TAA. The results of the quadratic model showed that R2 is equal to 0.937, because it has a larger coefficient and the pH factor had the least effect. The temperature factor had the greatest impact on the extraction of TPC and TAA, and the mutual temperature and pH impacts affected the extraction positively. As a result, it can be concluded that the RSM was a useful tool for assessing the ideal circumstances for phenolic component extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Shahkouhmahali
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Golestan Institute of High Education, Gorgan, Iran E-mail:
| | - Jalal Mohamadzadeh
- Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Gorgan, Iran
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12
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Tabanty Zambou G, Tenyang N, Birault L, Kermarrec A, Gacel A, Kansci G, Meynier A, Guyot S, Ponka R. Effect of some local plant extracts on fatty acid composition of fish ( Alestes baremoze) during smoking and sun drying in the Far-North region of Cameroon. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:5621-5637. [PMID: 37701218 PMCID: PMC10494655 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the antioxidant activities of three plant extracts (Moringa oleifera leaves, Xylopia aethiopica fruits, and Allium cepa leaves) and to evaluate their effects on the preservation of fish polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) during smoking and sun-drying processes. PUFAs are highly prone to oxidation during fish processing. The plant extracts were analyzed for their polyphenol contents and were evaluated for their total antiradical capacity. The polyphenol components of each plant were characterized. The hydroethanolic and aqueous extracts were added to the fish at concentrations of 3, 6, 9, and 12 g/L and 10, 20, 30, and 40 g/L, respectively. Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) was used as a positive control at a concentration of 2 g/L to compare the antioxidant effects of the plant extracts. The treated fish was subjected to smoking or sun drying and the fatty acid composition of the fish lipid extract was assessed. The results showed that the total polyphenolic, flavonoid, and tannin contents varied significantly from one plant extract to the other (p < .05). The radical scavenging and FRAP increased significantly with the concentration of the plant extracts (p < .05). An HPLC analysis of the extracts led to the preliminary identification of four hydroxycinnamic acids in M. oleifera and X. aethiopica, one anthocyanin and one flavone glycoside in M. oleifera, and four flavan-3-ols in X. aethiopica. Moreover, eight flavonols were preliminarily identified in the three plants. Compared to the control product, these plant extracts significantly protected fish PUFAs from oxidation (p < .05). The aqueous extract of A. cepa at 40 g/L better preserved omega-3 in fish during smoking and sun drying than the control product. Incorporating the three plant extracts during smoking and sun-drying processes can effectively preserve the PUFAs in fish. Therefore, these plants are viable sources of natural antioxidants in the preservation of fish products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Noël Tenyang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MarouaMarouaCameroon
| | | | | | - Agnes Gacel
- INRAE, UR1268 BIA (Biopolymers, Interactions & Assemblies), PRP Group (Polyphenols, Reactivity, Processes)Le RheuFrance
| | - Germain Kansci
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Yaoundé IYaoundéCameroon
| | | | - Sylvain Guyot
- INRAE, UR1268 BIA (Biopolymers, Interactions & Assemblies), PRP Group (Polyphenols, Reactivity, Processes)Le RheuFrance
| | - Roger Ponka
- Department of Agriculture, Livestock and Derivated Products, National Advanced School of Engineering of MarouaUniversity of MarouaMarouaCameroon
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13
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Ramires FA, Bavaro AR, D’Antuono I, Linsalata V, D’Amico L, Baruzzi F, Pinto L, Tarantini A, Garbetta A, Cardinali A, Bleve G. Liquid submerged fermentation by selected microbial strains for onion skins valorization and its effects on polyphenols. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:258. [PMID: 37493825 PMCID: PMC10371881 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03708-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Onion skins, actually recycled as organic fertilizers, could be used as a substrate in environmental-friendly bioprocesses to recover high-value bioactive compounds and food ingredients.In this work, a bioprospecting method was carried out including 94 bacterial and 45 yeast strains from several agri-food and environmental niches to verify their ability to grow on onion skins as unique nutrients source.Red and yellow onion skins were assessed by newly selected starter-driven liquid submerged fermentation assays mainly aimed at the release and modification of polyphenols through microbial activities. Fermented onion skins were also investigated as a inexpensive favourable source of microbial enzymes (amylases, proteases, lipases, esterases, cellulases, xylanases).In red onion skins, the treatment with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TB 11-32 produced a slight increase of bioactive compounds in terms of total phenolics, whereas with the yeast strain Zygosaccharomyces mrakii CL 30 - 29 the quercetin aglycone content increased of about 25% of the initial raw material.In yellow onion skins inoculated, the highest content of phenolic compounds was detected with the yeast strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae En SC, while quercetin aglycone increased of about 60% of the initial raw material in presence of the bacterial strain L. plantarum C 180 - 34.In conclusion, the proposed microbial pre-treatment method can be a potential strategy to re-use onion skins as a fermentation substrate, and as a first step in the development of a biorefinery process to produce value-added products from onion by-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Anna Ramires
- Lecce Unit, National Research Council, - Institute of Sciences of Food Procuction (CNR-ISPA), Lecce, 73100 Italy
| | - Anna Rita Bavaro
- National Research Council, - Institute of Sciences of Food Procuction (CNR-ISPA), Bari, 70126 Italy
| | - Isabella D’Antuono
- National Research Council, - Institute of Sciences of Food Procuction (CNR-ISPA), Bari, 70126 Italy
| | - Vito Linsalata
- National Research Council, - Institute of Sciences of Food Procuction (CNR-ISPA), Bari, 70126 Italy
| | - Leone D’Amico
- Lecce Unit, National Research Council, - Institute of Sciences of Food Procuction (CNR-ISPA), Lecce, 73100 Italy
| | - Federico Baruzzi
- National Research Council, - Institute of Sciences of Food Procuction (CNR-ISPA), Bari, 70126 Italy
| | - Loris Pinto
- National Research Council, - Institute of Sciences of Food Procuction (CNR-ISPA), Bari, 70126 Italy
| | - Annamaria Tarantini
- Lecce Unit, National Research Council, - Institute of Sciences of Food Procuction (CNR-ISPA), Lecce, 73100 Italy
- University of Bari Aldo Moro, Plant and Food Science Department (Di.S.S.P.A), Soil, Bari, 70126 Italy
| | - Antonella Garbetta
- National Research Council, - Institute of Sciences of Food Procuction (CNR-ISPA), Bari, 70126 Italy
| | - Angela Cardinali
- National Research Council, - Institute of Sciences of Food Procuction (CNR-ISPA), Bari, 70126 Italy
| | - Gianluca Bleve
- Lecce Unit, National Research Council, - Institute of Sciences of Food Procuction (CNR-ISPA), Lecce, 73100 Italy
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14
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Yang X, Wang W, Jiang Q, Xie S, Zhao P, Liu Z, Zhu G, Xu J, Wang J, Li Y. Subcritical Water Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Vaccinium Dunalianum Wight Leaves and Their Antioxidant and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activities in Vitro. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202201099. [PMID: 37096966 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202201099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Subcritical water extraction was used to extract bioactive phenolic compounds from Vaccinium dunalianum Wight leaves. The optimal extraction conditions were determined as an extraction temperature of 150 °C, an extraction time of 40 min, and a liquid-solid ratio of 35 : 1 mL/g. The total phenolic content reached 21.35 mg gallic acid /g, which was 16 % higher than that by hot water extraction. The subcritical water extraction extract exhibited strong scavenging activity of DPPH free radical and ABTS+ free radical, as well as significant tyrosinase inhibitory activity. The study suggests that subcritical water extraction can alter the composition of the extracts, leading to the production of various phenolic compounds, effective antioxidants, and tyrosinase inhibitors from Vaccinium dulciana Wight leaves. These findings confirm the potential of Vaccinium dunalianum Wight as a natural antioxidant molecule source for the medicine and food industries, and for the therapy of skin pigmentation disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Yang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Sida Xie
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Guolei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Junming Xu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210042, China
| | - Jieyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Yonghe Li
- Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China
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15
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Recovery of Anthocyanins from Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Using a Combination of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction and Subcritical Water Extraction. Processes (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11030751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are one of the bioactive compounds in roselle that has many medicinal proposes. Anthocyanins are placed in the inner part of the roselle; therefore, combinations of two methods were applied to extract the anthocyanins. The first stage is employing supercritical carbon dioxide (ScCO2) to break the particle surface or outer layer of the roselle based on the total phenolic compounds (TPC) recovery, and the second step was to apply subcritical water extraction (SWE) for the extraction of anthocyanins. The objective is to determine the best conditions to obtain high yields of total anthocyanins compounds (TAC) from the roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) by employing a combination of ScCO2 and SWE. The optimal conditions of ScCO2 (first stage) were 19.13 MPa, 60 °C, and 4.31 mL/min, yielding 18.20%, and 80.34 mg/100 g TPC, respectively. The optimum conditions of SWE (second stage) were 9.48 MPa, 137 °C, and 6.14 mL/min, yielding 86.11% and 1224.61 mg/100 g TAC, respectively. The application of integrated ScCO2 and SWE proved successful in achieving high anthocyanins production and yield as compared to previous extraction methods. This approach may be used to extract the roselle with a greater anthocyanin’s concentration than the prior method.
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16
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Current Challenges in the Sustainable Valorisation of Agri-Food Wastes: A Review. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the upcoming years, the world will face societal challenges arising, in particular, from the impact of climate change and the inefficient use of natural resources, in addition to an exponential growth of the world population, which according to the United Nations (UN) estimations will be 9.8 billion in 2050. This increasing trend requires optimized management of natural resources with the use of value-added waste and a significant reduction in food loss and food waste. Moreover, the recent pandemic situation, COVID-19, has contributed indisputably. Along with the agri-food supply chain, several amounts of waste or by-products are generated. In most cases, these biomass wastes cause serious environmental concerns and high costs to enterprises. The valorisation of the agri-food loss and food industry wastes emerged as a useful strategy to produce certain value-added compounds with several potential applications, namely in the food, health, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and environmental fields. Therefore, in this review, some of the crucial sustainable challenges with impacts on the valorisation of agri-food loss/wastes and by-products are discussed and identified, in addition to several opportunities, trends and innovations. Potential applications and usages of the most important compounds found in food loss/waste will be highlighted, with a focus on the food industry, pharmaceutical industry, and the environment.
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17
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Optimization of Red Pigment Anthocyanin Recovery from Hibiscus sabdariffa by Subcritical Water Extraction. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10122635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The optimization of red pigment anthocyanin from roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) by subcritical water extraction (SWE) has not been the topic of a scientific investigation. Therefore, the objective of this paper was to establish the optimal parameters for obtaining the maximum yield, total anthocyanin compounds (TAC), total phenolic compounds (TPC), and total flavonoid compounds (TFC) by SWE utilizing a response surface methodology. The optimal conditions were 8.75 MPa, 393.54 K, and 4.89 mL/min, with a yield of 0.69 g/g, TAC of 927.74 mg/100 g, TPC of 39.54 mg/100 g, and TFC of 614.57 mg/100 g. High temperatures and flow rates are favorable for achieving a maximum yield. In contrast, a high temperature is suitable for obtaining high concentrations of anthocyanin, flavonoid, and phenolic compounds. This technique (SWE) recovers anthocyanin at a greater extraction rate than traditional methods; hence, SWE may be substituted for conventional methods for extracting anthocyanin.
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18
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Anti-Inflammatory and Chondroprotective Effects Induced by Phenolic Compounds from Onion Waste Extracts in ATDC-5 Chondrogenic Cell Line. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122381. [PMID: 36552589 PMCID: PMC9774380 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a prevalent degenerative condition that is closely related to the destruction and inflammation of cartilage. The high prevalence of this pathology exhorts researchers to search for novel therapeutic approaches. Vegetable-fruit wastes have emerged as a promising origin of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compounds that, in some cases, may also exert chondroprotective effects. This study aims to decipher the potential of onion waste products in the inhibition of molecular events involved in osteoarthritis. Onion extracts showed a high content of phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties. Cytocompatibility was demonstrated in the chondrogenic cell line ATDC-5, exerting viability percentages higher than 90% and a slight increase in the S phase cycle cell. The induction of inflammation mediated by the lipopolysaccharide and onion extracts' treatment substantially inhibited molecular markers related to inflammation and cartilage degradation, highlighting the promising application of onion extracts in biomedical approaches. The in silico analyses suggested that the results could be attributed to protocatechuic, ellagic, and vanillic acids' greater cell membrane permeability. Our work provides distinctive information about the possible application of waste onion extracts as functional components with anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective characteristics in osteoarthritis.
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19
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Comparison of Alliin Recovery from Allium sativum L. Using Soxhlet Extraction and Subcritical Water Extraction. CHEMENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemengineering6050073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an herbaceous plant and is recognised for its numerous medicinal and culinary properties, and it is used in diverse food preparations for its characteristic flavour and aroma. High alliin content increases the formation of allicin, a bioactive compound of garlic. Therefore, this research aimed to compare different extraction methods for garlic (Allium sativum L.) between subcritical water extraction (SWE) and Soxhlet extraction to obtain a high extraction yield and alliin content. The SWE conditions were 120 °C and 180 °C temperatures and 2 mL/min and 6 mL/min flow rates at a constant pressure of 15 MPa for a 10 min extraction time, respectively. In the meanwhile, the extraction time for Soxhlet extraction with various solvents, namely, distilled water, ethanol–water (1:1), and 100% ethanol, was two hours. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to analyse alliin. Soxhlet extraction had the best yield (1.96 g) using ethanol–water (1:1) as the solvent in comparison to SWE extraction (1.28 g) at 180 °C and 6 mL/min. In contrast, SWE yielded a greater concentration of alliin (136.82 mg/g) at 120 °C and 2 mL/min than the Soxhlet method when using distilled water as the solvent (65.18 mg/g). Therefore, SWE may replace Soxhlet extraction as the conventional method for extracting alliin from garlic at a high concentration, and SWE has advantages that favour garlic extracts.
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20
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Kumar M, Barbhai MD, Hasan M, Dhumal S, Singh S, Pandiselvam R, Rais N, Natta S, Senapathy M, Sinha N, Amarowicz R. Onion (
Allium cepa
L.) peel: A review on the extraction of bioactive compounds, its antioxidant potential, and its application as a functional food ingredient. J Food Sci 2022; 87:4289-4311. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division ICAR—Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology Mumbai India
| | - Mrunal D Barbhai
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division ICAR—Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology Mumbai India
| | - Muzaffar Hasan
- Agro Produce Processing Division ICAR—Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering Bhopal India
| | - Sangram Dhumal
- Division of Horticulture RCSM College of Agriculture Kolhapur India
| | - Surinder Singh
- Dr. S.S. Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology Punjab University Chandigarh India
| | - Ravi Pandiselvam
- Division of Physiology, Biochemistry and Post‐Harvest Technology ICAR—Central Plantation Crops Research Institute (CPCRI) Kasaragod Kerala India
| | - Nadeem Rais
- Department of Pharmacy Bhagwant University Ajmer India
| | - Suman Natta
- ICAR—National Research Centre for Orchids Pakyong India
| | - Marisennayya Senapathy
- Department of Rural Development and Agricultural Extension College of Agriculture, Wolaita Sodo University Wolaita Sodo Ethiopia
| | - Neha Sinha
- Department of Horticulture Fruit and Fruit Technology Bihar Agriculture University Bhagalpur Bihar India
| | - Ryszard Amarowicz
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research Polish Academy of Sciences Olsztyn Poland
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21
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Chadorshabi S, Hallaj-Nezhadi S, Ghasempour Z. Red onion skin active ingredients, extraction and biological properties for functional food applications. Food Chem 2022; 386:132737. [PMID: 35509169 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Onion is an important vegetable in the world and the second most important vegetable crop after tomato.Hence, the onion waste, such as onion skin, is produced in abundance causing environmental problems. Due to its bioactive compounds, especially phenolics and flavonoids, red onion skin can be used through appropriate methods for producing value-added products. These phytochemicals are proven to prevent oxidative stress and broad spectrum of microorganisms beside having diverse beneficial biological properties. Extraction step is the most critical processing in making phytonutrient available. Various approaches including conventional and non-conventional technologies applied for extracting different compounds from red onion wastes was summarized in this study. To evaluate the industrial application potential, the use of natural bioactives derived from red onion skin for elaboration of various food systems has been also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Chadorshabi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Somayeh Hallaj-Nezhadi
- Drug Applied Research Center & Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Ghasempour
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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22
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Filtration of subcritical water hydrolysates from red macroalgae byproducts with ultraporous ceramic membranes for oligosaccharide and peptide fractionation. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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23
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Das I, Arora A. One stage hydrothermal treatment: A green strategy for simultaneous extraction of food hydrocolloid and co-products from sweet lime (Citrus Limetta) peels. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.107947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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24
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Differences in Antioxidant Potential of Allium cepa Husk of Red, Yellow, and White Varieties. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071243. [PMID: 35883734 PMCID: PMC9311763 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The effective management of agro-industry organic waste for developing high-commercial-value products is a promising facet of the circular economy. Annually, more than 550,000 tons of waste that is potentially rich in biologically active substances is generated worldwide while processing onions (Allium cepa L.). The antioxidant potential of red, yellow, and white onion husks was studied using FRAP, ORAC, chemiluminescence, and UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS analysis methods. The extraction of phenolic compounds from onion husks was more effective when using an aqueous solution of 70% ethanol as compared with water. Ethanolic extract from red onion husks exhibited the highest TACORAC and TACFRAP values, averaging 2017.34 µmol-equiv. Trolox/g raw material and 2050.23 µmol-equiv. DQ/g raw material, respectively, while the white onion exhibited much lower levels of antioxidants. According to the chemiluminescence results, it was determined that the red and yellow onion husks contained antioxidants of three types of power, while white onion husks only contained medium and weak types. The highest content of flavonoids was found in red onion husks, averaging 1915.90 ± 9.92 µg-eq. DQ/g of raw material and 321.42 ± 2.61 µg-eq. DQ/g of raw material for ethanol and water, respectively, while yellow onion husks exhibited 544.06 ± 2.73 µg-eq. DQ/g of raw material and 89.41 ± 2.08 for ethanol and water, respectively. Quercetin and its glycosides were the most representative flavonoids, and a number of substances with different pharmacological and biological properties were also identified.
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25
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Valorization of Onion Waste by Obtaining Extracts Rich in Phenolic Compounds and Feasibility of Its Therapeutic Use on Colon Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040733. [PMID: 35453418 PMCID: PMC9032738 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the total phenolic content, the antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of onion waste extracts were characterized. Some phenolic compounds present in the extracts were also identified and quantified by HPLC-DAD. Additionally, an in-silico analysis was performed to identify the phenolic compounds with the highest intestinal absorption and Caco-2 permeability. The onion extract possessed a high amount of phenolic compounds (177 ± 9 mg/g extract) and had an effective antioxidant capacity measured by ABTS, FRAP and DPPH assays. Regarding the antiproliferative activity, the onion extracts produced cell cycle arrest in the S phase with p53 activation, intrinsic apoptosis (mitochondrial membrane potential modification) and caspase 3 activation. Likewise, onion waste increased intracellular ROS with possible NF-kB activation causing a proteasome down regulation. In addition, the extracts protected the intestine against oxidative stress induced by H2O2. According to the in-silico analysis, these results could be related to the higher Caco-2 permeability to protocatechuic acid. Therefore, this study provides new insights regarding the potential use of these types of extract as functional ingredients with antioxidant and antiproliferative properties and as medicinal agents in diseases related to oxidative stress, such as cancer. In addition, its valorization would contribute to the circular economy.
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Application of Pulsed Electric Field as a Pre-Treatment for Subcritical Water Extraction of Quercetin from Onion Skin. Foods 2022; 11:foods11081069. [PMID: 35454657 PMCID: PMC9025617 DOI: 10.3390/foods11081069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment promotes the electroporation of biological membranes, and if included as a pre-treatment, could improve the extraction of certain constituents therefrom. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal extraction conditions for extracting the flavonoid quercetin from dried onion skin and to establish whether the yield could be enhanced by combining PEF pre-treatment with an eco-friendly extraction method that uses subcritical water extraction (SWE). Samples of onion skin were treated with PEF under conditions of varying electric field strength (0.5–2.5 kV/cm) and duration (5–120 s). SWE was then performed with an extraction time of 15 min and at temperatures ranging from 105 °C to 185 °C. Among the conditions tested, the yield of total quercetin was the highest after pretreatment with PEF at 2.5 kV/cm for 15 s, followed by SWE at 145 °C for 15 min (yield 19.25 ± 0.77 mg/g dried onion skin, mean ± standard deviation). Pretreatment with PEF improved the yield of total quercetin extracted by 33.22% compared with the PEF-untreated samples. These findings demonstrate that pretreatment of onion skin with PEF has the potential to improve flavonoid extraction.
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Gil-Martín E, Forbes-Hernández T, Romero A, Cianciosi D, Giampieri F, Battino M. Influence of the extraction method on the recovery of bioactive phenolic compounds from food industry by-products. Food Chem 2021; 378:131918. [PMID: 35085901 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Agro-foodindustries generate colossal amounts of non-edible waste and by-products, easily accessible as raw materials for up-cycling active phytochemicals. Phenolic compounds are particularly relevant in this field given their abundance in plant residues and the market interest of their functionalities (e.g. natural antioxidant activity) as part of nutraceutical, cosmetological and biomedical formulations. In "bench-to-bedside" achievements, sample extraction is essential because valorization benefits from matrix desorption and solubilization of targeted phytocompounds. Specifically, the composition and polarity of the extractant, the optimal sample particle size and sample:solvent ratio, as well as pH, pressure and temperature are strategic for the release and stability of mobilized species. On the other hand, current green chemistry environmental rules require extraction approaches that eliminate polluting consumables and reduce energy needs. Thus, the following pages provide an update on advanced technologies for the sustainable and efficient recovery of phenolics from plant matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Gil-Martín
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Tamara Forbes-Hernández
- Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Alejandro Romero
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Danila Cianciosi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, 60131, Italy
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, 60131, Italy; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, 60131, Italy; International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-product Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China; Research group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Isabel Torres, 21, 39011 Santander, Spain
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Savitha S, Bhatkar N, Chakraborty S, Thorat BN. Onion quercetin: As immune boosters, extraction, and effect of dehydration. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Benito-Román Ó, Blanco B, Sanz M, Beltrán S. Freeze-dried extract from onion (Allium cepa cv. Horcal) skin wastes: Extraction intensification and flavonoids identification. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Milea ȘA, Aprodu I, Enachi E, Barbu V, Râpeanu G, Bahrim GE, Stănciuc N. Whey Protein Isolate-Xylose Maillard-Based Conjugates with Tailored Microencapsulation Capacity of Flavonoids from Yellow Onions Skins. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111708. [PMID: 34829579 PMCID: PMC8615060 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to encapsulate flavonoids from yellow onion skins in whey protein isolates (WPI) and xylose (X), by Maillard-based conjugates, as an approach to improve the ability to entrap flavonoids and to develop powders with enhanced antioxidant activity. WPI (0.6%, w/v) was conjugated to X (0.3%, w/v) through the Maillard reaction at 90 °C for 120 min, in the presence of a flavonoid-enriched extract. Two variants of powders were obtained by freeze-drying. The glycation of WPI allowed a better encapsulation efficiency, up to 90.53 ± 0.29%, corresponding to a grafting degree of 30.38 ± 1.55%. The molecular modelling approach was used to assess the impact of X interactions with α-lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin on the ability of these proteins to bind the main flavonoids from the yellow onion skins. The results showed that X might compete with quercetin glucosides to bind with α-lactalbumin. No interference was found in the case of β-lactoglobulin. The microstructural appearance of the powders revealed finer spherosomes in powder with WPI-X conjugates via the Maillard reaction. The powders were added to nachos, followed by a phytochemical characterization, in order to test their potential added value. An increase in antioxidant activity was observed, with no significant changes during storage.
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Órbenes G, Rodríguez-Seoane P, Torres MD, Chamy R, Zúñiga ME, Domínguez H. Valorization of Artichoke Industrial By-Products Using Green Extraction Technologies: Formulation of Hydrogels in Combination with Paulownia Extracts. Molecules 2021; 26:4386. [PMID: 34299659 PMCID: PMC8306175 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The integral valorization of artichoke bracts generated during industrial canning of artichoke was assessed. The extraction of bioactive compounds was addressed with pressurized hot water under subcritical conditions. The performance of this stage on the extraction of phenolics with antioxidant properties and the saccharidic fraction using conventional and microwave heating was compared. The microwave assisted process was more efficient than the conventional one regarding extraction yields of total solubles, and glucose and fructose oligomers and phenolics, because lower operational temperatures and shorter times were needed. Degradation of fructose oligomers was observed at temperatures higher than 160 °C, whereas the maximal phenolic content occurred at 220 °C. Both the extracts and the residual solids, obtained at conditions leading to maximum phenolics yields, were evaluated for the production of starch-based hydrogels, supplemented with Paulownia leaves' aqueous extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Órbenes
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Brasil 2085, Valparaíso 2340950, Chile; (G.Ó.); (R.C.)
- Centro Regional de Estudios en Alimentos Saludables, CREAS, Av. Universidad 330, Curauma, Valparaíso 2340950, Chile;
| | - Paula Rodríguez-Seoane
- Departamento de Enxeñería Quimica, Universidade de Vigo (Campus Ourense), Edificio Politécnico, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; (M.D.T.); (H.D.)
| | - María Dolores Torres
- Departamento de Enxeñería Quimica, Universidade de Vigo (Campus Ourense), Edificio Politécnico, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; (M.D.T.); (H.D.)
| | - Rolando Chamy
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Brasil 2085, Valparaíso 2340950, Chile; (G.Ó.); (R.C.)
| | - María Elvira Zúñiga
- Centro Regional de Estudios en Alimentos Saludables, CREAS, Av. Universidad 330, Curauma, Valparaíso 2340950, Chile;
| | - Herminia Domínguez
- Departamento de Enxeñería Quimica, Universidade de Vigo (Campus Ourense), Edificio Politécnico, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; (M.D.T.); (H.D.)
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