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Tai JQ, Wong SF, Chow SK, Choo DH, Choo HC, Yeo V, Sahrom S, Aziz AR. Reliability, validity, usefulness, and sensitivity of a submaximal test of performing burpees in 3 minutes, in assessing and detecting changes in aerobic fitness of athletes during future prolonged self-isolation in a confined environment. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2024; 64:631-639. [PMID: 38916086 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.24.15653-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During a prolonged quarantine, there is a need to monitor aerobic fitness levels of trained individuals who are isolated with a simple fitness test that can be performed in confined space of their own homes. This study examined the reliability, validity, usefulness and sensitivity of a novel 3-min submaximal heart rate burpees test (or SubHR3-MBT) to assess and monitor changes in aerobic fitness, of trained athletes. In the SubHR3-MBT, male and female athletes performed 48 and 39 burpees respectively, within 3 min by following a constant beeping pace. The performance criterion of the SubHR3-MBT is the highest heart rate attained (or exercise HRpeak) at the end of 3-min (wherein a lower exercise HRpeak indicates a higher level of aerobic fitness). METHODS A total of 40 male and female national athletes from various sports volunteered for the study. RESULTS For reliability (Part 1), the SubHR3-MBT showed good relative and excellent reliability, with intraclass correlation coefficient 0.90 and coefficient of variation 2.6%, respectively. For validity (Part II), there was significant negative correlation between relative exercise HRpeak with respiratory gas-measured VO2max (r=-0.51, large; P<0.001). The test's technical error of measurement of 2.3 is slightly greater than its smallest worthwhile change of 1.5. For sensitivity (Part III), the athletes were tested twice for their SubHR3-MBT and VO2max, once at baseline and another at a followed-up test after >10 weeks. There was a significant correlation between the % change in relative exercise HRpeak with the % change in VO2max (r=-0.66, large; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The SubHR3-MBT is a reliable, valid, marginally useful test and may be able to track changes in aerobic fitness in trained athletes with moderate levels of sensitivity, in case of future isolation due to pandemic occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Q Tai
- Sport Science and Sport Medicine, Singapore Sport Institute, Sport Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shu F Wong
- Sport Science and Sport Medicine, Singapore Sport Institute, Sport Singapore, Singapore
| | - Steve K Chow
- Sport Science and Sport Medicine, Singapore Sport Institute, Sport Singapore, Singapore
| | - Darine H Choo
- Sport Science and Sport Medicine, Singapore Sport Institute, Sport Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hui C Choo
- Sport Science and Sport Medicine, Singapore Sport Institute, Sport Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vincent Yeo
- Sport Science and Sport Medicine, Singapore Sport Institute, Sport Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sofyan Sahrom
- Sport Physiology, Sport Science, National Youth Sport Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Abdul R Aziz
- Sport Science and Sport Medicine, Singapore Sport Institute, Sport Singapore, Singapore -
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2
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Daveri M, Fusco A, Cortis C, Mascherini G. Effectiveness of Different Modalities of Remote Online Training in Young Healthy Males. Sports (Basel) 2022; 10:sports10110170. [PMID: 36355821 PMCID: PMC9697893 DOI: 10.3390/sports10110170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Since 2020 there has been an increase in demand for home workouts. Therefore, different ways of delivering distance training have been proposed to promote “stay active at home.” This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of three different training programs consisting of a total of 15 workouts (three sessions per week): supervised livestreaming (LS), unsupervised following a video recording (VR), and unsupervised following a written program (WP). Changes in anthropometric and cardiovascular variables, muscle fitness, and physical activity levels were evaluated. To provide a meaningful analysis for significant comparisons between small groups, mean differences (∆), 95% confidence interval (95% C.I.), and Cohen’s effect sizes (E.S.) were also calculated. The three training modalities increased physical activity levels, with an adherence rate of LS = 93.3%, VR = 86%, and WP = 74%. Although there was no reduction in body weight, waist circumference decreased by 1.3 cm (95% C.I. = −2.1, −0.5; E.S. = 0.170; p < 0.004). Furthermore, where LS, VR, and WP resulted in improvements in muscle fitness, only LS showed changes in cardiovascular variables, such as resting heart rate (∆ = −7.3 bpm; 95% C.I. = −11.9, −2.7; E.S. = 1.296; p < 0.001) and Ruffier’s index (∆ = −2.1bpm; 95% C.I. = −3.5, −0.8; E.S. 1.099; p < 0.001). Remote online training proved its effectiveness over a short period of time. However, supervised training proved to be the most effective, highlighting the importance of an experienced trainer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Daveri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Fusco
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Lazio Meridionale, 03043 Cassino, Italy
| | - Cristina Cortis
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Lazio Meridionale, 03043 Cassino, Italy
| | - Gabriele Mascherini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Correspondence:
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3
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Tomaz SA, Ryde GC, Swales B, Neely KC, Andreis F, Coffee P, Connelly J, Kirkland A, McCabe L, Watchman K, Martin JG, Pina I, Whittaker AC. "… Exercise opportunities became very important": Scottish older adults' changes in physical activity during Covid19'. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2022; 19:16. [PMID: 35780094 PMCID: PMC9250220 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-022-00295-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to explore perceived changes in physical activity (PA) due to Covid19 stay-at-home and social distancing guidance among older adults. METHODS Participants (n = 1429, 77% female, 84% ≥60 years) living in Scotland completed an online survey in Summer 2020 measuring PA and wellbeing (indexed through loneliness, and health-related quality of life). The survey included open- and closed-ended questions about how these variables changed in response to Covid19 social distancing and 'shielding' guidelines. RESULTS From the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), the majority reported high volumes of PA, indicative of being 'moderately' or 'highly' active. When asked specifically about strength training, 12% reported engagement on ≥2d/wk. Most participants reported that PA had changed during this time, citing reduced use of exercise facilities, increased active travel, and online PA classes; although only 16% reported engaging in PA online. CONCLUSIONS Higher levels of PA were found to be associated with better health-related quality of life. Additional efforts should be made to support PA engagement in older adults, including strength training and other tailored approaches to support individual needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone A. Tomaz
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA UK
| | - Gemma C. Ryde
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA UK
| | - Bridgitte Swales
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA UK
| | - Kacey C. Neely
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA UK
| | | | - Pete Coffee
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA UK
| | - Jenni Connelly
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA UK
| | - Andrew Kirkland
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA UK
| | - Louise McCabe
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA UK
| | - Karen Watchman
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA UK
| | - Jack G. Martin
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA UK
| | - Ilaria Pina
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA UK
| | - Anna C. Whittaker
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA UK
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Mocanu GD, Onu I. The influence of specialization and the level of physical activism on leisure options for students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports. BALNEO AND PRM RESEARCH JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.12680/balneo.2022.501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Leisure activities, their dynamics in ontogenesis and the way of managing the time allocated to them are a topic that is frequently researched. Purpose: to investigate students' attitudes, aiming at aspects related to forms of leisure, depending on specialization and level of physical activism, by applying a questionnaire. Material and method: The research took place in the academic year 2019-2020, on a number of 180 students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports in Galați. The differences for the pairs of independent specialty variables (PES / physical education and sport and PT / physical therapy), respectively physical activity (HLPA / high level of physical activity, and LLPA / low level of physical activity were analyzed, by applying the techniques of MANOVA and ANOVA calculation. Results: Multivariate analysis indicates significant effects of the physical activity variable on the items of the questionnaire for leisure budget factors, preferred leisure activities, leisure sports activities, and for the specialty variable significant effects are determined only at leisure sports activities, so the level of physical activism will generate more differences between the opinions expressed compared to the specialization of students. Univariate test results indicate significant F values (P <0.05) for a number of items, with weaker values, dominant for PT and LLPA groups. Sports activities and socializing on the internet (defining variant of young people) are at the top, so they do not exclude each other. Conclusion: the students from the PES and HLPA groups stand out through a better organization of free time, high satisfaction of its capitalization, a greater involvement in the variants of active leisure and superior socialization, and those from the PT and LLPA groups allocate more time to watching on TV and using the internet.
Keywords: physical activism, specialization, questionnaire, active and passive leisure options, opinions
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Affiliation(s)
- George-Danut Mocanu
- “Dunărea de Jos” University, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, 63-65 Gării Street, Galați, România
| | - Ilie Onu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, University of Medi-cine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa” Iasi, 700454 Iasi, Romania
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Balance performance analysis after the COVID-19 quarantine in children aged between 8 and 12 years old: Longitudinal study. Gait Posture 2022; 94:203-209. [PMID: 35366430 PMCID: PMC8957481 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2022.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused great changes in daily activities, especially in children. In Spain, to avoid infections, a home quarantine was declared, which caused a drastic reduction in daily or weekly physical activity in children. OBJECTIVE to analyse the balance performance after the COVID-19-induced quarantine on children's balance, through the use of balance tests, considering the type of sport practiced. METHODS an observational and longitudinal study was carried out with a sample size of 150 healthy children (69 boys and 81 girls) with a mean age of 10.02 ± 1.15 years. Postural control was evaluated under different equilibrium conditions before and after the quarantine period. Two data collections using the Gyko system were compared, with a difference of 8 months between them. In addition, the influence of foot type and physical activity was analysed. RESULTS After the quarantine, statistically significant differences were found in terms of balance results, which were worse than before (p < 0.05). Postural control was not influenced by the type of sport practiced (i.e., individual, collective and / or not practicing sport), nor by the surface which the test was performed (p > 0.05). Physically active children (i.e., individual and / or collective sport) presented worse results than physically inactive children. A statistically significant impairment in terms of balance was demonstrated in children who performed high and moderate physical activity (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS After the quarantine period, a significant reduction in balance performance was found in children. The findings suggest that regular physical activity benefits postural control. Loss of balance does not differ in postural stability by the type of sport practised. Postural stability is not influenced by the type of footprint after the period of physical inactivity. Postural control is influenced in children with a great level of physical activity.
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Lockdowns and Physical Activities: Sports in the Time of COVID. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19042175. [PMID: 35206369 PMCID: PMC8872075 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
As aging causes challenges in several countries globally, more and more people are suffering from bad health conditions. Nowadays, COVID-19 causes many problems—and one of the root causes of these problems is the isolation of people from each other. The aim of our article is to investigate the effects of COVID-19 on people’s physical activity. Physical activity is strongly correlated with health status and health preservation is very important to minimize the negative effects of the pandemic. In order to investigate this topic, we prepared an extended literature review, citing the most important sources of COVID-related health-preservation issues. Our results showed that the negative economic effects of the coronavirus pandemic have caused a decrease in physical activities in several cases. A reduction in possible physical activities has a potential negative effect on the life expectancies of elderly people. In order to underline the importance of physical activities, we prepared an extended literature review, aiming to summarize the available knowledge related to COVID-19. As a conclusion we recommend to strengthen, maintain, and develop available sporting possibilities for people. The most important of these recommendations is the development of physical activities that are available for free.
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Souza TCM, Oliveira LA, Daniel MM, Ferreira LG, Della Lucia CM, Liboredo JC, Anastácio LR. Lifestyle and eating habits before and during COVID-19 quarantine in Brazil. Public Health Nutr 2022; 25:65-75. [PMID: 34108067 PMCID: PMC8280396 DOI: 10.1017/s136898002100255x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess changes in daily habits, food choices and lifestyle of adult Brazilians before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN This observational study was carried out with Brazilian adults through an online questionnaire 5 months after the social distance measures implementation. The McNemar, McNemar–Bowker and Wilcoxon tests were used to investigate differences before and during the COVID pandemic period, adopting the statistical significance of P < 0·05. SETTING Brazil. PARTICIPANTS Totally, 1368 volunteers aged 18+ years. RESULTS The volunteers reported a lower frequency of breakfast, morning and lunch snacks (P < 0·05) and a higher frequency of evening snacks and other meal categories during the pandemic period (P < 0·05). The results showed an increase in the consumption of bakery products, instant meals and fast food, while the consumption of vegetables and fruits decreased (P < 0·005). There was a significant increase in the frequency of consumption of alcoholic beverages (P < 0·001), but a reduction in the dose (P < 0·001), increased frequency of smoking (P = 0·007), an increase in sleep and screen time in hours and decrease in physical activity (P < 0·001). CONCLUSIONS It was possible to observe an increase in screen time, hours of sleep, smoking and drinking frequency. On the other hand, there was a reduction in the dose of alcoholic beverages but also in the practice of physical activity. Eating habits also changed, reducing the performance of daytime meals and increasing the performance of nighttime meals. The frequency of consumption of instant meals and fast food has increased, while consumption of fruits and vegetables has decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamires CM Souza
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG31270-901, Brazil
| | - Lívya A Oliveira
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Marina M Daniel
- Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Lívia G Ferreira
- Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Ceres M Della Lucia
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Juliana C Liboredo
- Department of Food, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Lucilene R Anastácio
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG31270-901, Brazil
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Makino T, Umegaki H, Ando M, Cheng XW, Ishida K, Akima H, Oshida Y, Yoshida Y, Uemura K, Shimada H, Kuzuya M. Effects of Aerobic, Resistance, or Combined Exercise Training Among Older Adults with Subjective Memory Complaints: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 82:701-717. [PMID: 34092635 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical exercise is suggested to be effective for preventing cognitive decline in older adults, but the relative efficacy of different types of exercise have yet to be clarified. OBJECTIVE This single-blinded randomized controlled trial was designed to investigate the differential effects of aerobic exercise training (AT), resistance exercise training (RT), and combined exercise training (CT) on cognition in older adults with subjective memory complaints (SMC). METHODS Community-dwelling older adults with SMC (n = 415; mean age = 72.3 years old) were randomly assigned to one of the four groups: AT, RT, CT, or control group. The study consisted of two phases: a 26-week intervention and a 26-week follow-up. The participants were evaluated at baseline, 26 weeks (postintervention), and 52 weeks (follow-up). The primary outcome of this study was memory function, which was assessed using the Logical Memory II subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R) score. The secondary outcomes included global cognitive function, verbal fluency, working memory, processing speed, and executive functions. RESULTS Intention-to-treat analysis by a mixed-effect model repeated measure showed that the AT group had significantly improved performance on the WMS-R Logical Memory II test (2.74 [1.82-3.66] points) than the control group (1.36 [0.44-2.28] points) at the postintervention assessment (p = 0.037). The effect was more pronounced in those without amnesia than those with amnesia. No significant improvement was observed in the RT and CT groups. CONCLUSION This study suggests that AT intervention can improve delayed memory in community-dwelling older adults, particularly in individuals without objective memory decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeko Makino
- Department of Rehabilitation and Care, Seijoh University, Tokai, Aichi, Japan.,Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Umegaki
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masahiko Ando
- Center for Advanced Medicine and Clinical Research, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Xian Wu Cheng
- Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Koji Ishida
- Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness & Sports, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Akima
- Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness & Sports, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Oshida
- Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness & Sports, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yasuko Yoshida
- Innovative Research Center for Preventive Medical Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazuki Uemura
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kuzuya
- Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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Przybylko G, Morton DP, Renfrew ME. Addressing the COVID-19 Mental Health Crisis: A Perspective on Using Interdisciplinary Universal Interventions. Front Psychol 2021; 12:644337. [PMID: 33927669 PMCID: PMC8076681 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.644337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mental health is reaching a crisis point due to the ramifications of COVID-19. In an attempt to curb the spread of the virus and circumvent health systems from being overwhelmed, governments have imposed regulations such as lockdown restrictions and home confinement. These restrictions, while effective for infection control, have contributed to poorer lifestyle behaviors. Currently, Positive Psychology and Lifestyle Medicine are two distinct but complimentary disciplines that offer an array of evidence-based approaches for promoting mental health and well-being across a universal population. However, these strategies for improving mental health are typically used in isolation. This perspective calls for a new paradigm shift to create and rollout well-designed interdisciplinary universal multicomponent mental health interventions that integrates the benefits of both disciplines, and uses innovative digital mental health solutions to achieve scalability and accessibility within the limitations and beyond the COVID-19 lockdown and restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine Przybylko
- Lifestyle Medicine and Health Research Centre, Avondale University College, Cooranbong, NSW, Australia
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Sonza A, da Cunha de Sá-Caputo D, Sartorio A, Tamini S, Seixas A, Sanudo B, Süßenbach J, Provenza MM, Xavier VL, Taiar R, Bernardo-Filho M. COVID-19 Lockdown and the Behavior Change on Physical Exercise, Pain and Psychological Well-Being: An International Multicentric Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18073810. [PMID: 33917363 PMCID: PMC8038730 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the following lockdown on physical exercise (PEx) practice, pain, and psychological well-being. Methods: A cross-sectional multicentric study was performed using a nonrandom convenience sampling from the general population (≥18 years-old) of 6 countries (Brazil, Italy, France, Portugal, Germany, and Spain) adopting social isolation (SI). The validated self-administered online survey (PEF-COVID19) was used. The tests T-test and Chi-square with Bonferroni correction were used for statistical analysis and a multivariate logistic regression model (p ˂ 0.05). Results: We included 3194 replies and ~80% of the respondents were in SI. Brazilian sample was highly influenced by the pandemic considering PEx practice and habits, pain, anxiety, and stress (p ˂ 0.05). Among the European countries, Italy presented the major changes. The model to predict the non-practice of PEx during SI showed that the variables countries, smoking, SI, and PEx level were significant predictors (p ˂ 0.001). Conclusion: The pandemic changed the PEx practice and habits, and the psychological well-being of populations in different manners. Countries, smoking, SI, and PEx level were predictors for the non-practice of PEx. Public health strategies are suggested to avoid sedentary lifestyles and quality of life decrease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anelise Sonza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisioterapia e Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Esporte, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 88085-350 Florianópolis, Brazil;
| | - Danúbia da Cunha de Sá-Caputo
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas, Policlínica Piquet Carneiro, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (D.d.C.d.S.-C.); (M.B.-F.)
- Faculdade Bezerra de Araújo, 23052-090 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Sartorio
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research & Division of Auxology and Metabolic Diseases, 28824 Piancavallo (VB), Italy; (A.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Sofia Tamini
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research & Division of Auxology and Metabolic Diseases, 28824 Piancavallo (VB), Italy; (A.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Adérito Seixas
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 4200-253 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Borja Sanudo
- Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain;
| | - Jessica Süßenbach
- Institut für Bewegung, Sport und Gesundheit, Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, 78120 Lüneburg, Germany;
| | - Marcello Montillo Provenza
- Instituto de Matematica e Estatistica, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (M.M.P.); (V.L.X.)
| | - Vinicius Layter Xavier
- Instituto de Matematica e Estatistica, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (M.M.P.); (V.L.X.)
| | - Redha Taiar
- MATIM, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Mario Bernardo-Filho
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas, Policlínica Piquet Carneiro, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (D.d.C.d.S.-C.); (M.B.-F.)
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11
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Rahim A, Maqbool A, Rana T. Monitoring social distancing under various low light conditions with deep learning and a single motionless time of flight camera. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247440. [PMID: 33630951 PMCID: PMC7906321 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this work is to provide an effective social distance monitoring solution in low light environments in a pandemic situation. The raging coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has brought a global crisis with its deadly spread all over the world. In the absence of an effective treatment and vaccine the efforts to control this pandemic strictly rely on personal preventive actions, e.g., handwashing, face mask usage, environmental cleaning, and most importantly on social distancing which is the only expedient approach to cope with this situation. Low light environments can become a problem in the spread of disease because of people's night gatherings. Especially, in summers when the global temperature is at its peak, the situation can become more critical. Mostly, in cities where people have congested homes and no proper air cross-system is available. So, they find ways to get out of their homes with their families during the night to take fresh air. In such a situation, it is necessary to take effective measures to monitor the safety distance criteria to avoid more positive cases and to control the death toll. In this paper, a deep learning-based solution is proposed for the above-stated problem. The proposed framework utilizes the you only look once v4 (YOLO v4) model for real-time object detection and the social distance measuring approach is introduced with a single motionless time of flight (ToF) camera. The risk factor is indicated based on the calculated distance and safety distance violations are highlighted. Experimental results show that the proposed model exhibits good performance with 97.84% mean average precision (mAP) score and the observed mean absolute error (MAE) between actual and measured social distance values is 1.01 cm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adina Rahim
- Department of Computer Software Engineering, NUST, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Maqbool
- Department of Computer Software Engineering, NUST, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Tauseef Rana
- Department of Computer Software Engineering, NUST, Islamabad, Pakistan
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12
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Souza LFFD, Paineiras-Domingos LL, Melo-Oliveira MEDS, Pessanha-Freitas J, Moreira-Marconi E, Lacerda ACR, Mendonça VA, Sá-Caputo DDC, Bernardo-Filho M. The impact of COVID-19 pandemic in the quality of sleep by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: A systematic review. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2021; 26:1457-1466. [PMID: 33886773 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232021264.45952020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This article aims to evaluate the sleep quality in individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Searches were conducted in the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and PEDro databases, on May 22, 2020. In the publications, 208 articles were found and, considering the eligibility criteria, 10 articles were included at the end, showing the effects on sleep quality during the pandemic, in populations hospitalized, quarantined, and in frontline health professionals. The PSQI measured sleep disorders and a higher score indicated poor sleep quality. Nine articles were classified with evidence level IV and one as level III-2. Eight studies present a "serious" risk of bias and two in "moderate". The studies investigated different populations and described the results as "poor" sleep quality, considering the PSQI on quarantined individuals and frontline health professionals as the most committed. A poor sleep quality was found in the populations evaluated in the selected publications, probably, due to the COVID-19 to contribute as a risk factor for mental health. Psychological interventions must be made to minimize the consequences through social support and social capital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Felipe Ferreira de Souza
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes e Policlínica Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ). Av. Marechal Rondon 381, São Francisco Xavier. 20950-003 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil. .,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde, Medicina Laboratorial e Tecnologia Forense, UERJ. Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil
| | - Laisa Liane Paineiras-Domingos
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes e Policlínica Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ). Av. Marechal Rondon 381, São Francisco Xavier. 20950-003 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil. .,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, UERJ. Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.,Faculdade Bezerra de Araújo. Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil
| | - Maria Eduarda de Souza Melo-Oliveira
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes e Policlínica Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ). Av. Marechal Rondon 381, São Francisco Xavier. 20950-003 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil. .,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde, Medicina Laboratorial e Tecnologia Forense, UERJ. Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil
| | - Juliana Pessanha-Freitas
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes e Policlínica Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ). Av. Marechal Rondon 381, São Francisco Xavier. 20950-003 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.
| | - Eloá Moreira-Marconi
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes e Policlínica Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ). Av. Marechal Rondon 381, São Francisco Xavier. 20950-003 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil. .,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisiopatologia Clínica e Experimental, Faculdade de Ciências, UERJ. Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil
| | - Ana Cristina Rodrigues Lacerda
- Centro Integrado de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri. Diamantina MG Brasil
| | - Vanessa Amaral Mendonça
- Centro Integrado de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri. Diamantina MG Brasil
| | - Danubia da Cunha Sá-Caputo
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes e Policlínica Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ). Av. Marechal Rondon 381, São Francisco Xavier. 20950-003 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil. .,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, UERJ. Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.,Faculdade Bezerra de Araújo. Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil
| | - Mario Bernardo-Filho
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes e Policlínica Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ). Av. Marechal Rondon 381, São Francisco Xavier. 20950-003 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.
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13
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Xia W, Huang CH, Guo Y, Guo MG, Hu M, Dai J, Deng CH. The Physical Fitness Level of College Students Before and After Web-Based Physical Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:726712. [PMID: 34722419 PMCID: PMC8549568 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.726712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has been an emergency worldwide. Web-based physical education is a choice for college students to keep on their study. The aim of this study was to compare the data of physical fitness of college students before and after web-based physical education. Methods: All the students of 2018 and 2019 in Wuhan University of Technology who had taken the web-based physical education class in 2020 were included in this study. The records of annual physical fitness tests of all the subjects in 2019 and 2020 which were carried out in September were reviewed, including weight, height, body mass index (BMI), vital capacity (VC), 50-m dash, sit-and-reach, standing long jump, male-specific pull-ups and 1,000-m race, and female-specific sit-ups and 800-m race. Results: There were 24,112 male and 9,690 female records of physical fitness tests included in our study. The results of 11,219 male and 4,651 female students who completed both physical fitness tests in 2019 and 2020 were employed for Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Declined performance was observed on male 50-m dash by 0.1 s, male 1,000-m race by 14 s, and female 800-m race by 11 s. Notably, the percentage of male obesity, based on BMI, rose from 10.6 to 15.2% and 17.1 to 21.8% for male overweight; correspondingly, the percentage of male normal weight declined from 55.9 to 51.9% and 16.4 to 11.1% for male thinness. The trend of increasing BMI in males should be paid attention to. Improved results on vital capacity, sit-and-reach, standing long jump for both males and females, female 50-m dash, female sit-ups, and male pull-ups were observed in 2020. All the results of physical fitness tests were significantly different between 2019 and 2020 (p < 0.01) by Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Conclusions: The changes of physical fitness tests before and after web-based physical education suggested that the focus should be placed on improvement for running tests through appropriate alternatives, such as fast running in place and shuttle run. In addition, the simple, convenient, and practical sport that require available equipment and little field should be considered for web-based physical education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xia
- Department of Imaging Center, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cai-Hong Huang
- School of Physical Education, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of Imaging Center, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min-Gang Guo
- Department of Physical Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Hu
- Department of Physical Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Dai
- Department of Physical Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng-Hu Deng
- Department of Physical Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
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14
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Clemente-Suárez VJ, Dalamitros AA, Beltran-Velasco AI, Mielgo-Ayuso J, Tornero-Aguilera JF. Social and Psychophysiological Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Extensive Literature Review. Front Psychol 2020; 11:580225. [PMID: 33391099 PMCID: PMC7772398 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.580225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, now a global health crisis, has surprised health authorities around the world. Recent studies suggest that the measures taken to curb the spread of the COVID-19 outbreak have generated issues throughout the population. Thus, it is necessary to establish and identify the possible risk factors related to the psychosocial and psychophysiological strain during the COVID-19 outbreak. The present extensive literature review assesses the social, psychological, and physiological consequences of COVID-19, reviewing the impact of quarantine measures, isolation, vast human loss, social and financial consequences in the family's economies, and its impact on the psychological health of the population. We also discussed the effect of psychophysiological factors, considering the impact of physical inactivity and modifications in nutritional habits, at psychological and physiological levels. The present review includes an actualized to date bibliography, articles for which were methodologically analyzed to verify they met the standards of quality and scientific accuracy. Authors understand the pandemic as a multifactorial event for which only a profound and extensive analysis would lead to better compression and efficient intervention in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Cultura, Educación y Sociedad, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla, Colombia
- Studies Centre in Applied Combat, Toledo, Spain
| | - Athanasios A. Dalamitros
- Laboratory of Evaluation of Human Biological Performance, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Juan Mielgo-Ayuso
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Valladolid, Soria, Spain
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15
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Ingram J, Maciejewski G, Hand CJ. Changes in Diet, Sleep, and Physical Activity Are Associated With Differences in Negative Mood During COVID-19 Lockdown. Front Psychol 2020; 11:588604. [PMID: 32982903 PMCID: PMC7492645 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.588604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The United Kingdom and Scottish governments instigated a societal lockdown in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Subsequently, many experienced substantial lifestyle changes alongside the stresses of potentially catching the virus or experiencing bereavement. Stressful situations and poorer health behaviors (e.g., higher alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet, poorer sleep quality, physical inactivity) are frequently linked to poor mental health. Our objective was to examine changes in health behaviors and their relationship with negative mood during COVID-19 lockdown. We also considered associations between health behaviors and socio-demographic differences and COVID-19-induced changes. 399 participants completed a questionnaire asking about their personal situation and health behaviors during lockdown as well as a negative mood scale. The significance threshold for all analyses was α = 0.05. Poorer diet was linked to more-negative mood, and to changes to working status. Poorer sleep quality was linked with more-negative mood, and with 'shielding' from the virus. Being less physically active was related to more-negative mood and student status, whereas being more physically active was linked to having or suspecting COVID-19 infection within the household. Increased alcohol consumption was linked to living with children, but not to negative mood. Changes to diet, sleep quality, and physical activity related to differences in negative mood during COVID-19 lockdown. This study adds to reports on poor mental health during lockdown and identifies lifestyle restrictions and changes to health behaviors which may, to some extent, be responsible for higher negative mood. Our data suggests that it is advisable to maintain or improve health behaviors during pandemic-associated restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Ingram
- School of Education and Social Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, United Kingdom
| | - Greg Maciejewski
- School of Education and Social Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. Hand
- Department of Psychology, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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