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Bakry AM, Amri N, Adly MS, Alamri AA, Salama RS, Jabbari AM, El-Shall MS, Awad FS. Remediation of water containing lead(II) using (3-iminodiacetic acid) propyltriethoxysilane graphene oxide. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18848. [PMID: 39143174 PMCID: PMC11324653 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66323-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
A novel chelating adsorbent based on (3-iminodiacetic acid) propyltriethoxysilane graphene oxide (IAT-GO) has been developed, showing exceptional promise for capturing lead. IAT-GO is made by combining a high-surface-area graphene oxide with a specially designed chelating ligand, which can selectively and efficiently remove lead. The synthesis of IAT-GO involves a two-step progression. In the first step, covalent bonds form between graphene oxide and (3-aminopropyl)-triethoxysilane (AT) through hydrolysis, condensation, and epoxide ring opening reactions. In the second step, nucleophilic substitution reactions occur between the primary amines and chloroacetic acid (CAA). A comprehensive suite of characterization techniques, including XPS, UV-Vis, XRD, Raman, FTIR, TEM, and SEM, provides detailed insights into the IAT-GO adsorbent's chemical composition and physical form, elucidating its intricate structure and morphology. Optimizing the experimental conditions for using the adsorbent material to remove Pb(II) ions from contaminated water revealed a maximum adsorption capacity of 124.0 mg/g at pH 5 and 30 min. The IAT-GO displays high selectivity for Pb(II) in a mixture of six metal ions containing 100 ppm of each one. Moreover, the IAT-GO shows 100% removal of Pb(II) for concentrations lower than 50 ppm. The excellent fit of the experimental data with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models (R2 > 99%) indicates that Pb(II) ion uptake onto the IAT-GO surface occurs via the monolayer formation of mercury ions. IAT-GO demonstrates exceptional potential as an innovative adsorbent for lead-contaminated water. Nitric acid (0.4 M) effectively regenerates the material, while its reusability remains impressive even after five cycles (> 97% removal efficiency). Therefore, this study highlights the development of a groundbreaking material, IAT-GO, with exceptional potential for remediating lead-contaminated water. Its high efficiency, selectivity, reusability, and cost-effectiveness make it a promising candidate for real-world applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayyob M Bakry
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, P.O. Box2079, 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser Amri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, P.O. Box2079, 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mina Shawky Adly
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Abdullah A Alamri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, P.O. Box2079, 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reda S Salama
- Basic Science Department, Faculty of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
| | - Abdulmajeed M Jabbari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, 81442, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Samy El-Shall
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - Fathi S Awad
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, New Mansoura University, New Mansoura City, Egypt.
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Prodan D, Moldovan M, Cuc S, Sarosi C, Petean I, Filip M, Carpa R, Doukeh R, Mirica IC. Advanced Dentistry Biomaterials Containing Graphene Oxide. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1743. [PMID: 38932093 PMCID: PMC11207353 DOI: 10.3390/polym16121743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to obtain three experimental resin-based cements containing GO and HA-Ag for posterior restorations. The samples (S0, S1, and S2) shared the same polymer matrix (BisGMA, TEGDMA) and powder mixture (bioglass (La2O3 and Sr-Zr), quartz, GO, and HA-Ag), with different percentages of graphene oxide (0%, 0.1%, 0.2% GO) and silver-doped hydroxyapatite (10%, 9.9%, 9.8% HA-Ag). The physical-chemical properties (water absorption, degree of conversion), mechanical properties (DTS, CS, FS), structural properties (SEM, AFM), and antibacterial properties (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Escherichia coli) were investigated. The results showed that the mechanical properties, except for the diametral tensile test, increased with the rise in the %GO. After 28 days, water absorption increased with the rise in the %GO. The surface structure of the samples did not show major changes after water absorption for 28 days. The antibacterial effects varied depending on the samples and bacterial strains tested. After increasing the %GO and decreasing the %HA-Ag, we observed a more pronounced antibacterial effect. The presence of GO, even in very small percentages, improved the properties of the tested experimental cements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doina Prodan
- Raluca Ripan Institute for Research in Chemistry, Babeș-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele Str., 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.P.); (M.M.); (S.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Marioara Moldovan
- Raluca Ripan Institute for Research in Chemistry, Babeș-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele Str., 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.P.); (M.M.); (S.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Stanca Cuc
- Raluca Ripan Institute for Research in Chemistry, Babeș-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele Str., 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.P.); (M.M.); (S.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Codruţa Sarosi
- Raluca Ripan Institute for Research in Chemistry, Babeș-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele Str., 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.P.); (M.M.); (S.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Ioan Petean
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, 11 Arany János Str., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Miuța Filip
- Raluca Ripan Institute for Research in Chemistry, Babeș-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele Str., 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.P.); (M.M.); (S.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Rahela Carpa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babes Bolyai University, 1 M. Kogalniceanu Street, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Rami Doukeh
- Department of Well Drilling, Extraction and Transport of Hydrocarbons, Faculty of Petroleum Refining and Petrochemistry, Petroleum-Gas University of Ploiesti, 39 Bucharest Blvd, 100680 Ploiesti, Romania
| | - Ioana-Codruta Mirica
- Department of Oral Health, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 15 Victor Babeș Str., 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
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Hoque MA, Rahman AM, Rahman MM, Bhuiyan MNI, Jahan SA, Ali Shaikh MA, Nurnabi M. Effect of successive recycling and reuse of acid liquor for the synthesis of graphene oxides with higher oxygen-to-carbon ratios. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27639. [PMID: 38496892 PMCID: PMC10944265 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Graphene has recently drawn exponential attention due to its surprising physicochemical properties and diversified field of applications. Although graphene oxides (GOs), itself is an exclusive material, it is also an intermediate product for the production of reduced graphene oxides (rGOs), graphene and their derivatives, which are other more superficial materials. In this study, GOs with higher oxygen to carbon ratios were synthesized following the Tour method, where the excess feed acid liquor (FAL) of mixed concentrated sulfuric and orthophosphoric acids at a ratio of 90:10 was recovered from the reaction slurries by applying the centrifugation technique. About 80-90 % of the FAL was recycled and reused as feed for the subsequent batches. The changes in the properties of FAL for the five consecutive recycling and reuse were studied. The properties of recycled FALs were investigated by measuring density, moisture content, pH, and ion concentration. The consecutive recycling of FALs tends to increase the moisture content about 0.5% in each recycles. Ion-chromatography (IC) was used to measure the variation in SO42- and PO43- ions in the FALs. The H2SO4 reacts with KMnO4 and crystalized out from the recovered FAL faster than the phosphoric acid. So, sulfuric acid content in the makeover FALs must be greater than primary FAL. The product GOs were characterized using FT-IR, FT-Raman, UVVis, STA, SEM, XPS, Zeta-potential, and particle size analyzers. The variation of the properties of GOs with the changes in the reaction parameters such as temperature and time were investigated and correlated with the product yield. It was observed that the effect of temperature on the reaction rate was found to be negatively and positive with the reaction time. The oxygen-to-carbon atomic ratio from XPS analysis was found 66.7%, which supported the increase in product yields 66.9% in the experimental results. The effect of acid concentration, reaction temperature, and time on the GOs properties were satisfactory, correlated, and easily controllable with the reaction conditions. A higher extent of oxidation and enhanced product yields 65-70% were observed at 60-70 °C and 14-18 h. A mixture of nano- and macro-molecular GOs was obtained, and their compositions were easily controllable and separable by controlling the reaction conditions. A correlation was made among the properties of synthesized GOs, FAL, and recycled FAL and reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amirul Hoque
- BCSIR Dhaka Laboratories, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - A.F.M. Mustafizur Rahman
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka (DU), Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Mahbubur Rahman
- BCSIR Dhaka Laboratories, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Nazrul Islam Bhuiyan
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Shirin Akter Jahan
- Institute of Glass and Ceramic Research and Testing, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Aftab Ali Shaikh
- BCSIR Dhaka Laboratories, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Dhaka (DU), Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Nurnabi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka (DU), Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
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Chisnoiu RM, Muntean A, Păstrav O, Chisnoiu AM, Cuc S, Silaghi Dumitrescu L, Păstrav M, Prodan D, Delean AG. Polymer Mixtures for Experimental Self-Limited Dental Burs Development-A Preliminary Approach (Part 1). J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:447. [PMID: 37754861 PMCID: PMC10532411 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14090447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternative techniques have been investigated for effectiveness in caries removal because conventional metallic dental burs can lead to an excessive loss of sound tissue. The aim of the present study is to realize a preliminary approach in obtaining effective polymer mixtures for polymeric bur development, capable of removing primary dental caries using combinations of polymers to ensure the requirements for such instruments, but also a greater compatibility with the teeth structure. This study assessed the main mechanical properties, water sorption, solubility and microscopic structure of four new polymer mixture recipes to provide essential features in obtaining experimental self-limited dental burs. Two mixtures have in their composition polymer mixtures of Bis-phenol A diglycidyl ether dimethacrylate/Triethylene glycol dimethacrylate/Urethane dimethacrylates (R1, R2), and two other mixtures have Bis-phenol A diglycidyl ether dimethacrylate/Polymethyl methacrylate/Methyl methacrylates (R3, R4). The incorporation of nanoparticles into the polymer matrix has become essential due to the need of polymer biocompatibility increasing along with teeth surface remineralization, so that the powder charge was added to four recipes, such as 5% glass with BaF2 and 0.5% graphene with silver particles. All data sets were analyzed using the One-Way ANOVA test. R3, R4 showed higher compressive strength and diametrical compression values; these values increased when glass and graphene were added. Moreover, the addition of glass particles lead to an increase in flexural strength. Regarding the sorption, sample R3 had the most significant differences between day 69 and the rest of the investigation days, while the solubility varied at different intervals. From the mechanical evaluation, we could conclude that the Bis-GMA/PMMA/MMA mixtures fit the mechanical characteristics supported by polymer burs, following future studies regarding their use on the affected dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radu Marcel Chisnoiu
- Department of Odontology, Endodontics and Oral Pathology, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 33 Moților Street, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.M.C.); (O.P.); (A.G.D.)
| | - Alexandrina Muntean
- Department of Pedodontics, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 31 Avram Iancu Street, 400083 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Ovidiu Păstrav
- Department of Odontology, Endodontics and Oral Pathology, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 33 Moților Street, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.M.C.); (O.P.); (A.G.D.)
| | - Andrea Maria Chisnoiu
- Department of Prosthodontics, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 32 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Stanca Cuc
- “Raluca Ripan” Institute for Research in Chemistry, Babes-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele Street, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.S.D.); (D.P.)
| | - Laura Silaghi Dumitrescu
- “Raluca Ripan” Institute for Research in Chemistry, Babes-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele Street, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.S.D.); (D.P.)
| | - Mihaela Păstrav
- Department of Orthodontics, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 31 Avram Iancu Street, 400083 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Doina Prodan
- “Raluca Ripan” Institute for Research in Chemistry, Babes-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele Street, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.S.D.); (D.P.)
| | - Ada Gabriela Delean
- Department of Odontology, Endodontics and Oral Pathology, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 33 Moților Street, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.M.C.); (O.P.); (A.G.D.)
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Ortega-Nieto C, Losada-Garcia N, Prodan D, Furtos G, Palomo JM. Recent Advances on the Design and Applications of Antimicrobial Nanomaterials. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2406. [PMID: 37686914 PMCID: PMC10490178 DOI: 10.3390/nano13172406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Present worldwide difficulties in healthcare and the environment have motivated the investigation and research of novel materials in an effort to find novel techniques to address the current challenges and requirements. In particular, the use of nanomaterials has demonstrated a significant promise in the fight against bacterial infections and the problem of antibiotic resistance. Metal nanoparticles and carbon-based nanomaterials in particular have been highlighted for their exceptional abilities to inhibit many types of bacteria and pathogens. In order for these materials to be as effective as possible, synthetic techniques are crucial. Therefore, in this review article, we highlight some recent developments in the design and synthesis of various nanomaterials, including metal nanoparticles (e.g., Ag, Zn, or Cu), metal hybrid nanomaterials, and the synthesis of multi-metallic hybrid nanostructured materials. Following that, examples of these materials' applications in antimicrobial performance targeted at eradicating multi-drug resistant bacteria, material protection such as microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC), or additives in construction materials have been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Ortega-Nieto
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica (ICP), CSIC, c/Marie Curie 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (C.O.-N.); (N.L.-G.)
| | - Noelia Losada-Garcia
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica (ICP), CSIC, c/Marie Curie 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (C.O.-N.); (N.L.-G.)
| | - Doina Prodan
- Department of Dental Composite Materials, Raluca Ripan Institute of Research in Chemistry, Babes-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele St., 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Gabriel Furtos
- Department of Dental Composite Materials, Raluca Ripan Institute of Research in Chemistry, Babes-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele St., 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Jose M. Palomo
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica (ICP), CSIC, c/Marie Curie 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (C.O.-N.); (N.L.-G.)
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Purcea Lopes PM, Moldovan D, Fechete R, Mare L, Barbu-Tudoran L, Sechel N, Popescu V. Characterization of a Graphene Oxide-Reinforced Whey Hydrogel as an Eco-Friendly Absorbent for Food Packaging. Gels 2023; 9:gels9040298. [PMID: 37102911 PMCID: PMC10138084 DOI: 10.3390/gels9040298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study presents a structural analysis of a whey and gelatin-based hydrogel reinforced with graphene oxide (GO) by ultraviolet and visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results revealed barrier properties in the UV range for the reference sample (containing no graphene oxide) and the samples with minimal GO content of 0.66×10−3% and 3.33×10−3%, respectively, in the UV-VIS and near-IR range; for the samples with higher GO content, this was 6.67×10−3% and 33.33×10−3% as an effect of the introduction of GO into the hydrogel composite. The changes in the position of diffraction angles 2θ from the X-ray diffraction patterns of GO-reinforced hydrogels indicated a decrease in the distances between the turns of the protein helix structure due to the GO cross-linking effect. Transmission electron spectroscopy (TEM) was used for GO, whilst scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used for the composite characterization. A novel technique for investigating the swelling rate was presented by performing electrical conductivity measurements, the results of which led to the identification of a potential hydrogel with sensor properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pompilia Mioara Purcea Lopes
- Physics and Chemistry Department, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 28 Memorandumului Str., 400114 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dumitrita Moldovan
- Physics and Chemistry Department, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 28 Memorandumului Str., 400114 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Radu Fechete
- Physics and Chemistry Department, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 28 Memorandumului Str., 400114 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Liviu Mare
- Physics and Chemistry Department, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 28 Memorandumului Str., 400114 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lucian Barbu-Tudoran
- Electron Microscopy Center, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babes-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca, 1 M. Kogalniceanu Street, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Niculina Sechel
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 103-105 Muncii Avenue, 400641 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Violeta Popescu
- Physics and Chemistry Department, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 28 Memorandumului Str., 400114 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Raveena, Alka, Gandhi N, Kumari P. Efficacious Removal of Flonicamid Insecticide from Water by GO@functionalized Calix[4]pyrrole: Synergistic Effect in Adsorption. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Raveena
- Bio-organic material research laboratory Department of Chemistry Deshbandhu College University of Delhi, Kalkaji New Delhi 110019 India
- Department of Chemistry University of Delhi New Delhi 110007 India
| | - Alka
- Bio-organic material research laboratory Department of Chemistry Deshbandhu College University of Delhi, Kalkaji New Delhi 110019 India
| | - Namita Gandhi
- Bio-organic material research laboratory Department of Chemistry Deshbandhu College University of Delhi, Kalkaji New Delhi 110019 India
| | - Pratibha Kumari
- Bio-organic material research laboratory Department of Chemistry Deshbandhu College University of Delhi, Kalkaji New Delhi 110019 India
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Mikheev IV, Byvsheva SM, Sozarukova MM, Kottsov SY, Proskurnina EV, Proskurnin MA. High-Throughput Preparation of Uncontaminated Graphene-Oxide Aqueous Dispersions with Antioxidant Properties by Semi-Automated Diffusion Dialysis. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4159. [PMID: 36500782 PMCID: PMC9739863 DOI: 10.3390/nano12234159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A semi-automated diffusion-dialysis purification procedure is proposed for the preparation of uncontaminated graphene oxide (GO) aqueous dispersions. The purification process is integrated with analytical-signal processing to control the purification degree online by several channels: oxidation-reduction potential, conductivity, and absorbance. This approach reduces the amounts of reagents for chemical treatment during dialysis. The total transition metal (Mn and Ti) content was reduced to a sub-ppb level (assessed by slurry nebulization in inductively coupled plasma optical atomic emission spectroscopy). Purified aqueous GO samples possess good stability for about a year with a zeta-potential of ca. -40 mV and a lateral size of ca. sub-µm. Purified GO samples showed increased antioxidant properties (up to five times compared to initial samples according to chemiluminometry by superoxide-radical (O2-) generated in situ from xanthine and xanthine oxidase with the lucigenin probe) and significantly decreased peroxidase-like activity (assessed by the H2O2-L-012 system).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan V. Mikheev
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Sofiya M. Byvsheva
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Madina M. Sozarukova
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117901, Russia
| | - Sergey Yu. Kottsov
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117901, Russia
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Abstract
In this experimental study, the mechanical and adhesion properties of several hydraulic lime mortars incorporating graphene oxide (GO)-based nanomaterials were evaluated. Four different composite mortar samples were prepared by adding different percentages of GO-based powders (functionalized), i.e., 1 wt.% GO, 5 wt.% GO, 5wt.% GO-Ag-GO-Fly ash, and 5 wt.% GO-ZnO-GO-TiO2 into the reference mortar sample. The mortar specimens were analyzed through mechanical tests, FT-IR, and SEM. The behavior of selected mortars exposed to chemical attacks was also investigated. The results indicate that the addition of the functionalized GO-based powders leads to a significant improvement in the mortar’s adhesion to the brick substrate (up to 80%) compared to the reference sample, especially in the case of the hydraulic lime mortar incorporating the mixture of GO-Ag and GO-Fly ash, which also showed good resistance to chemical attacks.
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