1
|
Tang X, Lv S, Mou Z, Liu X, Li Z. Cu(II)-Mediated direct 18F-dehydrofluorination of phosphine oxides in high molar activity. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2024; 9:4. [PMID: 38183524 PMCID: PMC10771395 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-023-00234-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 18F/19F-isotope exchange method employing P(V)-centered prosthetic groups demonstrates advantages in addressing mild one-step aqueous 18F-labeling of peptides and proteins. However, the molar activity (Am) achieved through isotope exchange remains relatively low, unless employing a high initial activity of [18F]F-. To overcome this drawback, our work introduces a novel approach through a Cu-mediated direct 18F-dehydrofluorination of phosphine oxides. This method leverages the straightforward separation of the 18F-labeled product from the phosphine oxide precursors, aiming to primarily increase Am. RESULTS Through a 19F-dehydrofluorination efficiency test, Cu(OAc)2 was identified as the optimal oxidative metal salt, exhibiting a remarkable 100% conversion within one hour. Leveraging the straightforward separation of phosphine oxide precursors and phosphinic fluoride products, the Am of an activated ester, [18F]4, sees an impressive nearly 15-fold increase compared to the 18F/19F-isotope exchange, with the same initial activity of [18F]F-. Furthermore, this Cu(II)-mediated 18F-dehydrofluorination approach demonstrates tolerance up to 20% solvent water content, which enables the practical radiosynthesis of 18F-labeled water-soluble molecules under non-drying conditions. CONCLUSIONS The direct 18F-dehydrofluorination of phosphine oxide prosthetic groups has been successfully accomplished, achieving a high Am via Cu(II)-mediated oxidative addition and reductive elimination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Shengji Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Zhaobiao Mou
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Xia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Zijing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gower-Fry L, Wängler C, Bartenstein P, Beyer L, Lindner S, Jurkschat K, Wängler B, Bailey JJ, Schirrmacher R. Silicon-Fluoride Acceptors (SiFA) for 18F-Radiolabeling: From Bench to Bedside. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2729:29-43. [PMID: 38006489 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3499-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Fluorine-18 (18F) is undoubtedly one of the most frequently applied radionuclides for the development of new radiotracers for positron emission tomography (PET) in the context of clinical cancer, neurological, and metabolic imaging. Until recently, the available radiochemical methodologies to introduce 18F into organic molecules ranging from small- to medium- and large-sized compounds were limited to a few applicable protocols. With the advent of late-stage fluorination of small aromatic, nonactivated compounds and various noncanonical labeling strategies geared toward the labeling of peptides and proteins, the molecular toolbox for PET radiotracer development was substantially extended. Especially, the noncanonical labeling methodologies characterized by the formation of Si-18F, B-18F, and Al-18F bonds give access to kit-like 18F-labeling of complex and side-group unprotected compounds, some of them already in clinical use. This chapter will particularly focus on silicon-fluoride acceptor (SiFA) chemistry and cover the history of its conceptual design and its translation into the clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lexi Gower-Fry
- Department of Oncology, Division of Oncological Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Carmen Wängler
- Biomedical Chemistry, Department of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Peter Bartenstein
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Leonie Beyer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Simon Lindner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Jurkschat
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Björn Wängler
- Molecular Imaging and Radiochemistry, Department of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Justin J Bailey
- Department of Oncology, Division of Oncological Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ralf Schirrmacher
- Department of Oncology, Division of Oncological Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
18F-Labeling methods for the preparation of 18F-labeled molecular probes can be classified into electrophilic fluorination, nucleophilic fluorination, metal-F coordination, and 18F/19F isotope exchange. Isotope exchange-based 18F-labeling methods demonstrate mild conditions featuring water resistance and facile high-performance liquid chromatography-free purification in direct 18F-labeling of substrates. This paper systematically reviews isotope exchange-based 18F-labeling methods sorted by the adjacent atom bonding with F, i.e., carbon and noncarbon atoms (Si, B, P, S, Ga, Fe, etc.). The respective isotope exchange mechanism, radiolabeling condition, radiochemical yield, molar activity, and stability of the 18F-product are mainly discussed for each isotope exchange-based 18F-labeling method as well as the cutting-edge application of the corresponding 18F-labeled molecular probes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Shengji Lv
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Zhaobiao Mou
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Zhenru Zhang
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Taotao Dong
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Zijing Li
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang Y, Lin Q, Shi H, Cheng D. Fluorine-18: Radiochemistry and Target-Specific PET Molecular Probes Design. Front Chem 2022; 10:884517. [PMID: 35844642 PMCID: PMC9277085 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.884517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The positron emission tomography (PET) molecular imaging technology has gained universal value as a critical tool for assessing biological and biochemical processes in living subjects. The favorable chemical, physical, and nuclear characteristics of fluorine-18 (97% β+ decay, 109.8 min half-life, 635 keV positron energy) make it an attractive nuclide for labeling and molecular imaging. It stands that 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) is the most popular PET tracer. Besides that, a significantly abundant proportion of PET probes in clinical use or under development contain a fluorine or fluoroalkyl substituent group. For the reasons given above, 18F-labeled radiotracer design has become a hot topic in radiochemistry and radiopharmaceutics. Over the past decades, we have witnessed a rapid growth in 18F-labeling methods owing to the development of new reagents and catalysts. This review aims to provide an overview of strategies in radiosynthesis of [18F]fluorine-containing moieties with nucleophilic [18F]fluorides since 2015.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunze Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingyu Lin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongcheng Shi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Hongcheng Shi, ; Dengfeng Cheng,
| | - Dengfeng Cheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Hongcheng Shi, ; Dengfeng Cheng,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang S, Gai Y, Li M, Fang H, Xiang G, Ma X. Synthesis of a new bifunctional NODA for bioconjugation with PSMA ligand and one-step Al 18F labeling. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 60:116687. [PMID: 35278818 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The Al18F labeling method is a relatively new approach that allows radiofluorination of biomolecules such as peptides and proteins in a one-step procedure and in an aqueous solution. However, instability of the complex of [AlF]2+ with hexadentate chelator NOTA may attribute to the disassociation of free 18F- and [Al18F]2+ and accumulation in bone. In this study, we designed and synthesized a new bifunctional pentadentate AlF-chelator p-SCN-PhPr-NODA as well as its nitro form p-NO2-PhPr-NODA. Chelator p-NO2-PhPr-NODA exhibited increased Al (III) complexation kinetics determined by AA III complexation kinetic studies and stronger coordination ability towards [AlF]2+ according to DFT calculation studies in comparison with hexadentate chelator NOTA. As a proof of concept, bifunctional chelator p-SCN-PhPr-NODA was furthermore conjugated to a PSMA targeting moiety Glu-urea-Lys to form NODA-PrPh-GuL. The conjugated peptide showed acceptable radiochemical yield (12.5-16.4%) and efficiency with an excellent radiochemical purity (∼100% after SPE purification) in Al18F labeling. The labeled peptide exhibited good in vitro stability and significant specificity for PSMA. Biodistribution study and MicroPET scan in healthy Kun Ming mice with the labeled peptide were performed and demonstrated excellent in vivo stability of Al18F-labeled construct. In general, the successful application of the new bifunctional chelator in labeling dipeptide Glu-urea-Lys with Al18F could facilitate its possibility in conjugating with other peptides for PET imaging with enhanced in vivo stability, thus providing better in vivo performances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yongkang Gai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Mengting Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Hanyi Fang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Guangya Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Xiang Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gower-Fry L, Kronemann T, Dorian A, Pu Y, Jaworski C, Wängler C, Bartenstein P, Beyer L, Lindner S, Jurkschat K, Wängler B, Bailey JJ, Schirrmacher R. Recent Advances in the Clinical Translation of Silicon Fluoride Acceptor (SiFA) 18F-Radiopharmaceuticals. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14070701. [PMID: 34358127 PMCID: PMC8309031 DOI: 10.3390/ph14070701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The incorporation of silicon fluoride acceptor (SiFA) moieties into a variety of molecules, such as peptides, proteins and biologically relevant small molecules, has improved the generation of 18F-radiopharmaceuticals for medical imaging. The efficient isotopic exchange radiofluorination process, in combination with the enhanced [18F]SiFA in vivo stability, make it a suitable strategy for fluorine-18 incorporation. This review will highlight the clinical applicability of [18F]SiFA-labeled compounds and discuss the significant radiotracers currently in clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lexi Gower-Fry
- Department of Oncology, Division of Oncological Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada; (L.G.-F.); (T.K.); (A.D.); (Y.P.); (C.J.); (J.J.B.)
| | - Travis Kronemann
- Department of Oncology, Division of Oncological Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada; (L.G.-F.); (T.K.); (A.D.); (Y.P.); (C.J.); (J.J.B.)
| | - Andreas Dorian
- Department of Oncology, Division of Oncological Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada; (L.G.-F.); (T.K.); (A.D.); (Y.P.); (C.J.); (J.J.B.)
| | - Yinglan Pu
- Department of Oncology, Division of Oncological Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada; (L.G.-F.); (T.K.); (A.D.); (Y.P.); (C.J.); (J.J.B.)
| | - Carolin Jaworski
- Department of Oncology, Division of Oncological Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada; (L.G.-F.); (T.K.); (A.D.); (Y.P.); (C.J.); (J.J.B.)
| | - Carmen Wängler
- Biomedical Chemistry, Department of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany;
| | - Peter Bartenstein
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (P.B.); (L.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Leonie Beyer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (P.B.); (L.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Simon Lindner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (P.B.); (L.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Klaus Jurkschat
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany;
| | - Björn Wängler
- Molecular Imaging and Radiochemistry, Department of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany;
| | - Justin J. Bailey
- Department of Oncology, Division of Oncological Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada; (L.G.-F.); (T.K.); (A.D.); (Y.P.); (C.J.); (J.J.B.)
| | - Ralf Schirrmacher
- Department of Oncology, Division of Oncological Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada; (L.G.-F.); (T.K.); (A.D.); (Y.P.); (C.J.); (J.J.B.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang C, Zhang L, Mou Z, Feng W, Li Z, Yang H, Chen X, Lv S, Li Z. Direct 18F-Labeling of Biomolecules via Spontaneous Site-Specific Nucleophilic Substitution by F - on Phosphonate Prostheses. Org Lett 2021; 23:4261-4266. [PMID: 33942615 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We describe a high radiochemical yield late-stage direct 18F-labeling of bare biomolecules containing common active groups. Spontaneity and site-selectivity are attributed to the remarkably higher rates of nucleophilic substitution reactions on phosphonates than on other electrophiles by F- at various hydrogen bond forms. Rapid access to many medicinally significant 18F-labeled biomolecules is achieved at 21-68% radiochemical yields and 35.9-55.1 GBq μmol-1 molar activities both manually or automatically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Centre for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Centre of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling, School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, P.R. China
| | - Zhaobiao Mou
- Centre for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Wanru Feng
- Centre for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Zhongjing Li
- Centre for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Hongzhang Yang
- Centre for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Xueyuan Chen
- Centre for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Shengji Lv
- Centre for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Zijing Li
- Centre for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lindner S, Wängler C, Bailey JJ, Jurkschat K, Bartenstein P, Wängler B, Schirrmacher R. Radiosynthesis of [18F]SiFAlin-TATE for clinical neuroendocrine tumor positron emission tomography. Nat Protoc 2020; 15:3827-3843. [DOI: 10.1038/s41596-020-00407-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
9
|
Otaru S, Niemikoski H, Sarparanta M, Airaksinen AJ. Metabolism of a Bioorthogonal PET Tracer Candidate [ 19F/ 18F]SiFA-Tetrazine in Mouse Liver Microsomes: Biotransformation Pathways and Defluorination Investigated by UHPLC-HRMS. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:3106-3115. [PMID: 32539414 PMCID: PMC7497667 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Organofluorosilicon based 18F-radiolabeling is an efficient
method for incorporating fluorine-18 into 18F-radiopharmaceuticals
for positron emission tomography (PET) by 19F/18F isotopic exchange (IE). The first PET radiopharmaceutical, 18F-SiFAlin-TATE, radiolabeled with a silicon-based
[18F]fluoride acceptor (SiFA), namely, a para-substituted
di-tert-butyl[18F]fluorosilylbenzene,
has entered clinical trials, and is paving the way for other potential
[18F]SiFA-labeled radiopharmaceuticals for diagnostic use.
In this study, we report the in vitro metabolism
of an oxime-linked SiFA tetrazine (SiFA–Tz), a new PET-radiotracer
candidate, recently evaluated for pretargeted PET imaging and macromolecule
labeling. Metabolism of SiFA–Tz was studied in mouse liver
microsomes (MLM) for elucidating its major biotransformation pathways.
Nontargeted screening by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography
high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) was utilized for detection
of unknown metabolites. The oxime bond between the SiFA and Tz groups
forms two geometric (E/Z) isomers,
which underwent the same biotransformations, but unexpectedly with
different kinetics. In total, nine proposed metabolites of SiFA–Tz
from phase I and II reactions were detected, five of which were defluorinated
in MLMs, elucidating the metabolic pathway leading to previously reported
defluorination of [18F]SiFA–Tz in vivo. Based on the HRMS studies a biotransformation pathway is proposed:
hydroxylation (+O) to tert-butyl group adjacent to
the silicon, followed by oxidative defluorination (+OH/-F) cleaving
the fluorine off the silicon. Interestingly, eight proposed metabolites
of a reduced dihydrotetrazine analogue, SiFA–H2Tz,
from phase I and II reactions were additionally detected. To the best
of our knowledge, this is the first reported comprehensive investigation
of enzyme mediated metabolic pathway of tetrazines and para-substituted
di-tert-butylfluorosilylbenzene fluoride acceptors,
providing novel structural information on the biotransformation and
fragmentation patterns of radiotracers bearing these structural motifs.
By investigating the metabolism preceding defluorination, structurally
optimized new SiFA compounds can be designed for expanding the portfolio
of efficient 19F/18F isotopic exchange labeling
probes for PET imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Otaru
- Radiochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Niemikoski
- Finnish Institute for Verification of the Chemical Weapons Convention (VERIFIN), Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mirkka Sarparanta
- Radiochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anu J Airaksinen
- Radiochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.,Turku PET Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, 20500 Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Narayanam MK, Toutov AA, Murphy JM. Rapid One-Step 18F-Labeling of Peptides via Heteroaromatic Silicon-Fluoride Acceptors. Org Lett 2020; 22:804-808. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maruthi Kumar Narayanam
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology and Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Anton A. Toutov
- Fuzionaire Diagnostics, Inc., 177 East Colorado Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91105, United States
| | - Jennifer M. Murphy
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology and Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hacaperková E, Jaroš A, Kotek J, Notni J, Straka M, Kubíček V, Hermann P. Al( iii)-NTA-fluoride: a simple model system for Al–F binding with interesting thermodynamics. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:13726-13736. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02644a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Unsaturated AlIII complex shows a fast exchange of water molecules, hydroxide and fluoride anions in the coordination sphere, highly pH-dependent fluoride binding and release of fluorides at high pH or at high phosphate anion concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eliška Hacaperková
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Charles University
- 128 40 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Adam Jaroš
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- AS CR
- 166 10 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kotek
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Charles University
- 128 40 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Johannes Notni
- Institut für Pathologie und Pathologische Anatomie
- Technische Universität München
- 81675 München
- Germany
| | - Michal Straka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- AS CR
- 166 10 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Kubíček
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Charles University
- 128 40 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Petr Hermann
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Charles University
- 128 40 Prague
- Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang J, van Dam RM. High-Efficiency Production of Radiopharmaceuticals via Droplet Radiochemistry: A Review of Recent Progress. Mol Imaging 2020; 19:1536012120973099. [PMID: 33296272 PMCID: PMC7731702 DOI: 10.1177/1536012120973099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
New platforms are enabling radiochemistry to be carried out in tiny, microliter-scale volumes, and this capability has enormous benefits for the production of radiopharmaceuticals. These droplet-based technologies can achieve comparable or better yields compared to conventional methods, but with vastly reduced reagent consumption, shorter synthesis time, higher molar activity (even for low activity batches), faster purification, and ultra-compact system size. We review here the state of the art of this emerging direction, summarize the radiotracers and prosthetic groups that have been synthesized in droplet format, describe recent achievements in scaling up activity levels, and discuss advantages and limitations and the future outlook of these innovative devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging and Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - R. Michael van Dam
- Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging and Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fersing C, Bouhlel A, Cantelli C, Garrigue P, Lisowski V, Guillet B. A Comprehensive Review of Non-Covalent Radiofluorination Approaches Using Aluminum [ 18F]fluoride: Will [ 18F]AlF Replace 68Ga for Metal Chelate Labeling? Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24162866. [PMID: 31394799 PMCID: PMC6719958 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to its ideal physical properties, fluorine-18 turns out to be a key radionuclide for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, for both preclinical and clinical applications. However, usual biomolecules radiofluorination procedures require the formation of covalent bonds with fluorinated prosthetic groups. This drawback makes radiofluorination impractical for routine radiolabeling, gallium-68 appearing to be much more convenient for the labeling of chelator-bearing PET probes. In response to this limitation, a recent expansion of the 18F chemical toolbox gave aluminum [18F]fluoride chemistry a real prominence since the late 2000s. This approach is based on the formation of an [18F][AlF]2+ cation, complexed with a 9-membered cyclic chelator such as NOTA, NODA or their analogs. Allowing a one-step radiofluorination in an aqueous medium, this technique combines fluorine-18 and non-covalent radiolabeling with the advantage of being very easy to implement. Since its first reports, [18F]AlF radiolabeling approach has been applied to a wide variety of potential PET imaging vectors, whether of peptidic, proteic, or small molecule structure. Most of these [18F]AlF-labeled tracers showed promising preclinical results and have reached the clinical evaluation stage for some of them. The aim of this report is to provide a comprehensive overview of [18F]AlF labeling applications through a description of the various [18F]AlF-labeled conjugates, from their radiosynthesis to their evaluation as PET imaging agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Fersing
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), University of Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Montpellier Cancer Institute (ICM), 34298 Montpellier, France.
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Montpellier Cancer Institute (ICM), University of Montpellier, 208 Avenue des Apothicaires, 34298 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France.
| | - Ahlem Bouhlel
- CERIMED, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Centre de recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN), Aix-Marseille University, INSERM 1263, INRA 1260, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Christophe Cantelli
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), University of Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Montpellier Cancer Institute (ICM), 34298 Montpellier, France
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, 34093 Montpellier CEDEX, France
| | - Philippe Garrigue
- CERIMED, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Centre de recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN), Aix-Marseille University, INSERM 1263, INRA 1260, 13385 Marseille, France
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Vincent Lisowski
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, 34093 Montpellier CEDEX, France
| | - Benjamin Guillet
- CERIMED, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Centre de recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN), Aix-Marseille University, INSERM 1263, INRA 1260, 13385 Marseille, France
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), 13385 Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hong H, Zhang L, Xie F, Zhuang R, Jiang D, Liu H, Li J, Yang H, Zhang X, Nie L, Li Z. Rapid one-step 18F-radiolabeling of biomolecules in aqueous media by organophosphine fluoride acceptors. Nat Commun 2019; 10:989. [PMID: 30824691 PMCID: PMC6397219 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08953-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, only a few 18F-radiolabeling methods were conducted in aqueous media, with non-macroelement fluoride acceptors and stringent conditions required. Herein, we describe a one-step non-solvent-biased, room-temperature-driven 18F-radiolabeling methodology based on organophosphine fluoride acceptors. The high water tolerance for this isotope-exchange-based 18F-labeling method is attributed to the kinetic and thermodynamic preference of F/F over the OH/F substitution based on computational calculations and experimental validation. Compact [18/19F]di-tert-butyl-organofluorophosphine and its derivatives used as 18F-labeling synthons exhibit excellent stability in vivo. The synthons are further conjugated to several biomolecular ligands such as c(RGDyk) and human serum albumin. The one-step labeled biomolecular tracers demonstrate intrinsic target imaging ability and negligible defluorination in vivo. The current method thus offers a facile and efficient 18F-radiolabeling pathway, enabling further widespread application of 18F. The synthesis of 18F-labeled positron emission tomography (PET) tracers is difficult and typically requires anhydrous conditions. Here, the authors developed organophosphine precursors that allow for quick, high-yield synthesis of 18F-labeled probes in either organic solvents or aqueous media.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling, School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, 300384, Tianjin, China
| | - Fang Xie
- PET center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 200235, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongqiang Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Donglang Jiang
- PET center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 200235, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanhuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jindian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hongzhang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xianzhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Liming Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Zijing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Scroggie KR, Alcock LJ, Matos MJ, Bernardes GJL, Perkins MV, Chalker JM. A silicon‐labelled amino acid suitable for late‐stage fluorination and unexpected oxidative cleavage reactions in the preparation of a key intermediate in the Strecker synthesis. Pept Sci (Hoboken) 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pep2.24069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kymberley R. Scroggie
- Flinders University, College of Science and EngineeringSouth Australia5042 Australia
| | - Lisa J. Alcock
- Flinders University, College of Science and EngineeringSouth Australia5042 Australia
| | - Maria J. Matos
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 1EW United Kingdom
| | - Gonçalo J. L. Bernardes
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 1EW United Kingdom
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas MonizInstituto de Medicina MolecularLisboa1649‐028 Portugal
| | - Michael V. Perkins
- Flinders University, College of Science and EngineeringSouth Australia5042 Australia
| | - Justin M. Chalker
- Flinders University, College of Science and EngineeringSouth Australia5042 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
da Silva ES, Gómez-Vallejo V, López-Gallego F, Llop J. Biocatalysis in radiochemistry: Enzymatic incorporation of PET radionuclides into molecules of biomedical interest. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2018; 61:332-354. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eunice S. da Silva
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging; CIC biomaGUNE; San Sebastian Gipuzkoa Spain
- Analytical Department; Syncom BV; Groningen The Netherlands
| | | | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis laboratory; CIC biomaGUNE; San Sebastian Gipuzkoa Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science; Bilbao Spain
| | - Jordi Llop
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging; CIC biomaGUNE; San Sebastian Gipuzkoa Spain
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kumar K, Ghosh A. 18F-AlF Labeled Peptide and Protein Conjugates as Positron Emission Tomography Imaging Pharmaceuticals. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:953-975. [PMID: 29463084 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The clinical applications of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging pharmaceuticals have increased tremendously over the past several years since the approval of 18fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Numerous 18F-labeled target-specific potential imaging pharmaceuticals, based on small and large molecules, have been evaluated in preclinical and clinical settings. 18F-labeling of organic moieties involves the introduction of the radioisotope by C-18F bond formation via a nucleophilic or an electrophilic substitution reaction. However, biomolecules, such as peptides, proteins, and oligonucleotides, cannot be radiolabeled via a C-18F bond formation as these reactions involve harsh conditions, including organic solvents, high temperature, and nonphysiological conditions. Several approaches, including 18F-labeled prosthetic groups, silicon, boron, and aluminum fluoride acceptor chemistry, and click chemistry have been developed, in the past, for 18F labeling of biomolecules. Linear and macrocyclic polyaminocarboxylates and their analogs and derivatives form thermodynamically stable and kinetically inert aluminum chelates. Hence, macrocyclic polyaminocarboxylates have been used for conjugation with biomolecules, such as folate, peptides, affibodies, and protein fragments, followed by 18F-AlF chelation, and evaluation of their targeting abilities in preclinical and clinical environments. The goal of this report is to provide an overview of the 18F radiochemistry and 18F-labeling methodologies for small molecules and target-specific biomolecules, a comprehensive review of coordination chemistry of Al3+, 18F-AlF labeling of peptide and protein conjugates, and evaluation of 18F-labeled biomolecule conjugates as potential imaging pharmaceuticals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krishan Kumar
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Imaging Pharmaceuticals, The Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43212 , United States
| | - Arijit Ghosh
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Imaging Pharmaceuticals, The Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43212 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bernard-Gauthier V, Lepage ML, Waengler B, Bailey JJ, Liang SH, Perrin DM, Vasdev N, Schirrmacher R. Recent Advances in 18F Radiochemistry: A Focus on B- 18F, Si- 18F, Al- 18F, and C- 18F Radiofluorination via Spirocyclic Iodonium Ylides. J Nucl Med 2017; 59:568-572. [PMID: 29284673 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.117.197095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Straightforward radiosynthesis protocols for 18F-labeled radiopharmaceuticals are an indispensable but often overlooked prerequisite to successfully perform molecular imaging studies in vivo by PET. In recent years, thanks to the expansion of the 18F chemical toolbox, structurally diverse and novel clinically relevant radiopharmaceuticals have been synthesized with both high efficiency and ready implementation. This article provides an overview of recent 18F-labeling methodologies, specifically for B-18F, Si-18F, Al-18F, and iodine (III)-mediated radiofluorination via the spirocyclic iodonium ylide technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Bernard-Gauthier
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mathieu L Lepage
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Bjoern Waengler
- Molecular Imaging and Radiochemistry, Department of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; and
| | - Justin J Bailey
- Department of Oncology, Division of Oncological Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Steven H Liang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David M Perrin
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Neil Vasdev
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ralf Schirrmacher
- Department of Oncology, Division of Oncological Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Rugeri B, Audi H, Jewula P, Koudih R, Malacea-Kabbara R, Vimont D, Schulz J, Fernandez P, Jugé S. Designing Silylatedl-Amino Acids using a Wittig Strategy: Synthesis of Peptide Derivatives and18F-Labelling. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Rugeri
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté; ICMUB-OCS (UMR CNRS 6302); 19 avenue A. Savary BP 47870 21078 Dijon CEDEX France
| | - Hassib Audi
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté; ICMUB-OCS (UMR CNRS 6302); 19 avenue A. Savary BP 47870 21078 Dijon CEDEX France
| | - Pawel Jewula
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté; ICMUB-OCS (UMR CNRS 6302); 19 avenue A. Savary BP 47870 21078 Dijon CEDEX France
| | - Radouane Koudih
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté; ICMUB-OCS (UMR CNRS 6302); 19 avenue A. Savary BP 47870 21078 Dijon CEDEX France
| | - Raluca Malacea-Kabbara
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté; ICMUB-OCS (UMR CNRS 6302); 19 avenue A. Savary BP 47870 21078 Dijon CEDEX France
| | - Delphine Vimont
- Department Institut des Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine (INCIA-UMR CNRS 5287); 146 rue Léo Saignat 33076 Bordeaux CEDEX France
| | - Jürgen Schulz
- Department Institut des Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine (INCIA-UMR CNRS 5287); 146 rue Léo Saignat 33076 Bordeaux CEDEX France
| | - Philippe Fernandez
- Department Institut des Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine (INCIA-UMR CNRS 5287); 146 rue Léo Saignat 33076 Bordeaux CEDEX France
| | - Sylvain Jugé
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté; ICMUB-OCS (UMR CNRS 6302); 19 avenue A. Savary BP 47870 21078 Dijon CEDEX France
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Schirrmacher R, Wängler B, Bailey J, Bernard-Gauthier V, Schirrmacher E, Wängler C. Small Prosthetic Groups in 18F-Radiochemistry: Useful Auxiliaries for the Design of 18F-PET Tracers. Semin Nucl Med 2017; 47:474-492. [PMID: 28826522 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Prosthetic group (PG) applications in 18F-radiochemistry play a pivotal role among current 18F-labeling techniques for the development and availability of 18F-labeled imaging probes for PET (Wahl, 2002) (1). The introduction and popularization of PGs in the mid-80s by pioneers in 18F-radiochemistry has profoundly changed the landscape of available tracers for PET and has led to a multitude of new imaging agents based on simple and efficiently synthesized PGs. Because of the chemical nature of anionic 18F- (apart from electrophilic low specific activity 18F-fluorine), radiochemistry before the introduction of PGs was limited to simple nucleophilic substitutions of leaving group containing precursor molecules. These precursors were not always available, and some target compounds were either hard to synthesize or not obtainable at all. Even with the advent of recently introduced "late-stage fluorination" techniques for the 18F-fluorination of deactivated aromatic systems, PGs will continue to play a central role in 18F-radiochemistry because of their robust and almost universal usability. The importance of PGs in radiochemistry is shown by its current significance in tracer development and exemplified by an overview of selected methodologies for PG attachment to PET tracer molecules. Especially, click-chemistry approaches to PG conjugation, while furthering the historical evolution of PGs in PET tracer design, play a most influential role in modern PG utilization. All earlier and recent multifaceted approaches in PG development have significantly enriched the contingent of modern 18F-radiochemistry procedures and will continue to do so.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Schirrmacher
- Medical Isotope and Cyclotron Facility, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Björn Wängler
- Molecular Imaging and Radiochemistry, Department of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Justin Bailey
- Medical Isotope and Cyclotron Facility, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
| | - Vadim Bernard-Gauthier
- Medical Isotope and Cyclotron Facility, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
| | - Esther Schirrmacher
- Medical Isotope and Cyclotron Facility, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
| | - Carmen Wängler
- Biomedical Chemistry, Department of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Jana S, Al-huniti MH, Yang BY, Lu S, Pike VW, Lepore SD. Crown Ether Nucleophilic Catalysts (CENCs): Agents for Enhanced Silicon Radiofluorination. J Org Chem 2017; 82:2329-2335. [PMID: 28171724 PMCID: PMC5580262 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
New bifunctional phase transfer agents were synthesized and investigated for their abilities to promote rapid fluorination at silicon. These agents, dubbed crown ether nucleophilic catalysts (CENCs), are 18-crown-6 derivatives containing a side-arm and a potentially nucleophilic hydroxyl group. These CENCs proved efficacious in the fluorination of hindered silicon substrates, with fluorination yields dependent on the length of linker connecting the metal chelating unit to the hydroxyl group. The efficacy of these CENCs was also demonstrated for rapid radiofluorination under mild conditions for eventual application in molecular imaging with positron emission tomography (PET). The hydrolysis-resistant aryl silicon fragment is promising as a convenient synthon for labeling potential PET radiotracers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susovan Jana
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431-0991
| | - Mohammed H. Al-huniti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431-0991
| | - Bo Yeun Yang
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1003
| | - Shuiyu Lu
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1003
| | - Victor W. Pike
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1003
| | - Salvatore D. Lepore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431-0991
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lam PYH, Hillyar CRT, Able S, Vallis KA. Synthesis and evaluation of an 18 F-labeled derivative of F3 for targeting surface-expressed nucleolin in cancer and tumor endothelial cells. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2016; 59:492-499. [PMID: 27594091 PMCID: PMC5082555 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The surface overexpression of nucleolin provides an anchor for the specific attachment of biomolecules to cancer and angiogenic endothelial cells. The peptide F3 is a high-affinity ligand of the nucleolin receptor (NR) that has been investigated as a carrier to deliver biologically active molecules to tumors for both therapeutic and imaging applications. A site-specific PEGylated F3 derivative was radiolabeled with [18 F]Al-F. The binding affinity and cellular distribution of the compound was assessed in tumor (H2N) and tumor endothelial (2H-11) cells. Specific uptake via the NR was demonstrated by the siRNA knockdown of nucleolin in both cell lines. The partition and the plasma stability of the compound were assessed at 37°C. The enzyme-mediated site-specific modification of F3 to give NODA-PEG-F3 (NP-F3) was achieved. Radiolabeling with [18 F]Al-F gave 18 F-NP-F3. 18 F-NP-F3 demonstrated high affinity for cancer and tumor endothelial cells. The siRNA knockdown of nucleolin resulted in a binding affinity reduction of 50% to 60%, confirming cell surface binding via the NR. NP-F3 was stable in serum for 2 h. 18 F-NP-F3 is reported as the first 18 F-labeled F3 derivative. It was obtained in a site-specific, high-yield, and efficient manner and binds to surface NR in the low nanomolar range, suggesting it has potential as a tumor and angiogenesis tracer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phoebe Y H Lam
- Department of Oncology, CR-UK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Christopher R T Hillyar
- Department of Oncology, CR-UK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah Able
- Department of Oncology, CR-UK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Katherine A Vallis
- Department of Oncology, CR-UK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhu J, Li S, Wängler C, Wängler B, Lennox RB, Schirrmacher R. Synthesis of 3-chloro-6-((4-(di-tert-butyl[(18)F]fluorosilyl)-benzyl)oxy)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine ([(18)F]SiFA-OTz) for rapid tetrazine-based (18)F-radiolabeling. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 51:12415-8. [PMID: 26145162 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc03623b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
An efficient method to prepare the (18)F-labeled tetrazine-derivative [(18)F]-SiFA-OTz for bioorthogonal radiochemistry was developed. [(18)F]-SiFA-OTz can be synthesized with a radiochemical yield of 78 ± 5% within 25 min and can quantitatively react with a model strained dienophile, trans-cyclooctenol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Self-Assembled Chemical Structures, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, QC H3A 2K6, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Bernard-Gauthier V, Bailey JJ, Liu Z, Wängler B, Wängler C, Jurkschat K, Perrin DM, Schirrmacher R. From Unorthodox to Established: The Current Status of (18)F-Trifluoroborate- and (18)F-SiFA-Based Radiopharmaceuticals in PET Nuclear Imaging. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 27:267-79. [PMID: 26566577 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Unorthodox (18)F-labeling strategies not employing the formation of a carbon-(18)F bond are seldom found in radiochemistry. Historically, the formation of a boron- or silicon-(18)F bond has been introduced very early on into the repertoire of labeling chemistries, but is without translation into any clinical radiotracer besides inorganic B[(18)F]F4(-) for brain tumor diagnosis. For many decades these labeling methodologies were forgotten and have just recently been revived by a handful of researchers thinking outside the box. When breaking with established paradigms such as the inability to obtain labeled compounds of high specific activity via isotopic exchange or performing radiofluorination in aqueous media, the research community often reacts skeptically. In 2005 and 2006, two novel labeling methodologies were introduced into radiochemistry for positron emission tomography (PET) tracer development: RBF3(-) labeling reported by Perrin et al. and the SiFA methodology by Schirrmacher, Jurkschat, and Waengler et al. which is based on isotopic exchange (IE). Both labeling methodologies have been complemented by other noncanonical strategies to introduce (18)F into biomolecules of diagnostic importance, thus profoundly enriching the landscape of (18)F radiolabeling. B- and Si-based labeling strategies finally revealed that IE is a viable alternative to established and traditional radiochemistry with the advantage of simplifying both the labeling effort as well as the necessary purification of the radiotracer. Hence IE will be the focus of this contribution over other noncanonical labeling methods. Peptides for tumor imaging especially lend themselves favorably toward one-step labeling via IE, but small molecules have been described as well, taking advantage of these new approaches, and have been used successfully for brain imaging. This Review gives an account of both radiochemistries centered on boron and silicon, describing the very beginnings of their basic research, the path that led to optimization of their chemistries, and the first encouraging preclinical results paving the way to their clinical use. This side by side approach will give the reader the opportunity to follow the development of a new basic discovery into a clinically applicable radiotracer including all the hurdles that have had to be overcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Bernard-Gauthier
- Division of Oncological Imaging, Department of Oncology, University of Alberta , 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Justin J Bailey
- Division of Oncological Imaging, Department of Oncology, University of Alberta , 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Zhibo Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health , 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | | | | | - Klaus Jurkschat
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University of Dortmund , 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - David M Perrin
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Ralf Schirrmacher
- Division of Oncological Imaging, Department of Oncology, University of Alberta , 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chansaenpak K, Vabre B, Gabbaï FP. [(18)F]-Group 13 fluoride derivatives as radiotracers for positron emission tomography. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 45:954-71. [PMID: 26548467 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00687b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The field of (18)F chemistry is rapidly expanding because of the use of this radionuclide in radiotracers for positron emission tomography (PET). Until recently, most [(18)F]-radiotracers were generated by the direct attachment of (18)F to a carbon in the organic backbone of the radiotracer. The past decade has witnessed the emergence of a new strategy based on the formation of an (18)F-group 13 element bond. This approach, which is rooted in the field of fluoride anion complexation/coordination chemistry, has led to the development of a remarkable family of boron, aluminium and gallium [(18)F]-fluoride anion complexing agents which can be conjugated with peptides and small molecules to generate disease specific PET radiotracers. This review is dedicated to the chemistry of these group 13 [(18)F]-fluorides anion complexing agents and their use in PET. Some of the key fluoride-binding motifs covered in this review include the trifluoroborate unit bound to neutral or cationic electron deficient backbones, the BF2 unit of BODIPY dyes, and AlF or GaF3 units coordinated to multidentate Lewis basic ligands. In addition to describing how these moieties can be converted into their [(18)F]-analogs, this review also dicusses their incorporation into bioconjugates for application in PET.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kantapat Chansaenpak
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Litau S, Niedermoser S, Vogler N, Roscher M, Schirrmacher R, Fricker G, Wängler B, Wängler C. Next Generation of SiFAlin-Based TATE Derivatives for PET Imaging of SSTR-Positive Tumors: Influence of Molecular Design on In Vitro SSTR Binding and In Vivo Pharmacokinetics. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:2350-9. [PMID: 26420336 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The Silicon-Fluoride-Acceptor (SiFA)-(18)F-labeling strategy has been shown before to enable the straightforward and efficient (18)F-labeling of complex biologically active substances such as proteins and peptides. Especially in the case of peptides, the radiolabeling proceeds kit-like in short reaction times and without the need of complex product workup. SiFA-derivatized, (18)F-labeled Tyr(3)-octreotate (TATE) derivatives demonstrated, besides strong somatostatin receptor (SSTR) binding, favorable in vivo pharmacokinetics as well as excellent tumor visualization by PET imaging. In this study, we intended to determine the influence of the underlying molecular design and used molecular scaffolds of SiFAlin-TATE derivatives on SSTR binding as well as on the in vivo pharmacokinetics of the resulting (18)F-labeled peptides. For this purpose, new SiFAlin-(Asp)n-PEG1-TATE analogs (where n = 1-4) were synthesized, efficiently radiolabeled with (18)F in a kit-like manner and obtained in radiochemical yields of 70-80%, radiochemical purities of ≥97%, and nonoptimized specific activities of 20.1-45.2 GBq/μmol within 20-25 min starting from 0.7-1.5 GBq of (18)F. In the following, the radiotracer's lipophilicities and stabilities in human serum were determined. Furthermore, the SSTR-specific binding affinities were evaluated by a competitive displacement assay on SSTR-positive AR42J cells. The obtained in vitro results support the assumption that aspartic acids are able to considerably increase the radiotracer's hydrophilicity and that their number does not affect the SSTR binding potential of the TATE derivatives. The most promising tracer (18)F-SiFAlin-Asp3-PEG1-TATE [(18)F]6 (LogD = -1.23 ± 0.03, IC50 = 20.7 ± 2.5 nM) was further evaluated in vivo in AR42J tumor-bearing nude mice via PET/CT imaging against the clinical gold standard (68)Ga-DOTATATE as well as the previously developed SiFAlin-TATE derivative [(18)F]3. The results of these evaluations showed that [(18)F]6-although showing very similar chemical and in vitro properties to [(18)F]3-exhibits not only a slowed renal clearance compared to [(18)F]3, but also a higher absolute tumor uptake compared to (68)Ga-DOTATATE, and furthermore enables excellent tumor visualization with high image resolution. These results emphasize the importance of systematic study of the influence of molecular design and applied structure elements of peptidic radiotracers, as these may considerably influence in vivo pharmacokinetics while not affecting other parameters such as radiochemistry, lipophilicity, serum stability, or receptor binding potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - R Schirrmacher
- Department of Oncology, Division of Oncological Imaging, University of Alberta , Edmonton T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - G Fricker
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Heidelberg , 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Burke BP, Clemente GS, Archibald SJ. Boron-18F containing positron emission tomography radiotracers: advances and opportunities. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2014; 10:96-110. [DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin P. Burke
- Department of Chemistry; University of Hull; Hull HU6 7RX UK
- Positron Emission Tomography Research Centre; University of Hull; Hull HU6 7RX UK
| | - Gonçalo S. Clemente
- Positron Emission Tomography Research Centre; University of Hull; Hull HU6 7RX UK
| | - Stephen J. Archibald
- Department of Chemistry; University of Hull; Hull HU6 7RX UK
- Positron Emission Tomography Research Centre; University of Hull; Hull HU6 7RX UK
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Rensch C, Lindner S, Salvamoser R, Leidner S, Böld C, Samper V, Taylor D, Baller M, Riese S, Bartenstein P, Wängler C, Wängler B. A solvent resistant lab-on-chip platform for radiochemistry applications. LAB ON A CHIP 2014; 14:2556-2564. [PMID: 24879121 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc00076e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The application of microfluidics to the synthesis of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) tracers has been explored for more than a decade. Microfluidic benefits such as superior temperature control have been successfully applied to PET tracer synthesis. However, the design of a compact microfluidic platform capable of executing a complete PET tracer synthesis workflow while maintaining prospects for commercialization remains a significant challenge. This study uses an integral system design approach to tackle commercialization challenges such as the material to process compatibility with a path towards cost effective lab-on-chip mass manufacturing from the start. It integrates all functional elements required for a simple PET tracer synthesis into one compact radiochemistry platform. For the lab-on-chip this includes the integration of on-chip valves, on-chip solid phase extraction (SPE), on-chip reactors and a reversible fluid interface while maintaining compatibility with all process chemicals, temperatures and chip mass manufacturing techniques. For the radiochemistry device it includes an automated chip-machine interface enabling one-move connection of all valve actuators and fluid connectors. A vial-based reagent supply as well as methods to transfer reagents efficiently from the vials to the chip has been integrated. After validation of all those functional elements, the microfluidic platform was exemplarily employed for the automated synthesis of a Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRP-R) binding the PEGylated Bombesin BN(7-14)-derivative ([(18)F]PESIN) based PET tracer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Rensch
- GE Global Research, Freisinger Landstrasse 50, 85748 Garching bei Munich, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Yue X, Yan X, Wu C, Niu G, Ma Y, Jacobson O, Shen B, Kiesewetter DO, Chen X. One-pot two-step radiosynthesis of a new (18)F-labeled thiol reactive prosthetic group and its conjugate for insulinoma imaging. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:3875-84. [PMID: 24798315 PMCID: PMC4224565 DOI: 10.1021/mp5001857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
![]()
N-(2-(2,5-dioxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)ethyl)-6-fluoronicotinamide ([18F]FNEM),
a novel prosthetic agent that is thiol-specific, was synthesized using
a one-pot two-step strategy: (1) 18F incorporation by a
nucleophilic displacement of trimethylammonium substrate under mild
conditions; (2) amidation of the resulting 6-[18F]fluoronicotinic
acid 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl ester with N-(2-aminoethyl)maleimide
trifluoroacetate salt. The radiosynthesis of the maleimide tracer
was completed in 75 min from [18F]fluoride with 26 ±
5% decay uncorrected radiochemical yield, and specific activity of
19–88 GBq/μmol (decay uncorrected). The in vitro cell uptake, in vivo biodistribution, and positron
emission tomography (PET) imaging properties of its conjugation product
with [Cys40]-exendin-4 were described. [18F]FNEM-Cys40-exendin-4 showed specific targeting of glucagon-like peptide
1 receptor (GLP-1R) positive insulinomas and comparable imaging results
to our recently reported [18F]FPenM-Cys40-exendin-4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuyi Yue
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH) , 35A Convent Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lindner S, Michler C, Leidner S, Rensch C, Wängler C, Schirrmacher R, Bartenstein P, Wängler B. Synthesis and in vitro and in vivo evaluation of SiFA-tagged bombesin and RGD peptides as tumor imaging probes for positron emission tomography. Bioconjug Chem 2014; 25:738-49. [PMID: 24666287 DOI: 10.1021/bc400588e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gastrin-releasing-peptide (GRP)-receptors and αvβ3-integrins are widely discussed as potential target structures for oncological imaging with positron emission tomography (PET). Favored by the overexpression of receptors on the surface of tumor cells good imaging characteristics can be achieved with highly specific radiolabeled receptor ligands. PEGylated bombesin (PESIN) derivatives as specific GRP receptor ligands and RGD (one-letter codes for arginine-glycine-aspartic acid) peptides as specific αvβ3 binders were synthesized and tagged with a silicon-fluorine-acceptor (SiFA) moiety. The SiFA synthon allows for a fast and highly efficient isotopic exchange reaction at room temperature giving the [(18)F]fluoride labeled peptides in up to 62% radiochemical yields (d.c.) and ≥99% radiochemical purity in a total synthesis time of less than 20 min. Using nanomolar quantities of precursor high specific activities of up to 60 GBq μmol(-1) were obtained. To compensate the high lipophilicity of the SiFA moiety various hydrophilic structure modifications were introduced leading to significantly reduced logD values. Competitive displacement experiments with the PESIN derivatives showed a 32 to 6 nM affinity to the GRP receptor on PC3 cells, and with the RGD peptides a 7 to 3 μM affinity to the αvβ3 integrins on U87MG cells. All derivatives proved to be stable in human plasma over at least 120 min. Small animal PET measurements and biodistribution studies revealed an enhanced and specific accumulation of the RGD peptide (18)F-SiFA-LysMe3-γ-carboxy-d-Glu-RGD (17) in the tumor tissue of U87MG tumor-bearing mice of 5.3% ID/g whereas the PESIN derivatives showed a high liver uptake and only a low accumulation in the tumor tissue of PC3 xenografts. Stability studies with compound 17 provided further information on its metabolism in vivo. These results altogether demonstrate that the reduction of the overall lipophilicity of SiFA tagged RGD peptides is a promising approach for the generation of novel potent (18)F-labeled imaging agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Lindner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University , 81377 Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Al-Huniti MH, Lu S, Pike VW, Lepore SD. Enhanced Nucleophilic Fluorination and Radiofluorination of Organosilanes Appended with Potassium-Chelating Leaving Groups. J Fluor Chem 2014; 158:48-52. [PMID: 24653526 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2013.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Here we aimed to explore the feasibility of enhancing the fluorination of organosilanes by appending potassium-chelating groups to the substrates. For this purpose, eight organosilanes were prepared in which a linear or cyclic leaving group, with putative potassium-chelating ability, was attached covalently to a congested silicon atom via an ether linkage to serve as a potential nucleophilic assisting leaving group (NALG). Organosilicon-NALGs with expected strong potassium-chelating capability enhanced reactions with potassium fluoride in acetonitrile to produce organofluorosilanes without any need to separately add phase transfer reagent. Similar rate enhancements were also observed with cyclotron-produced [18F]fluoride ion (t1/2 = 109.7 min, β+ = 97%) in the presence of potassium carbonate in MeCN-0.5% H2O. This study found that metal-chelating NALG units can accelerate fluorination and radiofluorination reactions at sterically crowded silicon atoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shuiyu Lu
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1003
| | - Victor W Pike
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1003
| | - Salvatore D Lepore
- Department of Chemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida 33431
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hazari PP, Schulz J, Vimont D, Chadha N, Allard M, Szlosek-Pinaud M, Fouquet E, Mishra AK. A new SiF-Dipropargyl glycerol scaffold as a versatile prosthetic group to design dimeric radioligands: synthesis of the [(18) F]BMPPSiF tracer to image serotonin receptors. ChemMedChem 2013; 9:337-49. [PMID: 24376058 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201300458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A novel SiX-dipropargyl glycerol scaffold (X: H, F, or (18) F) was developed as a versatile prosthetic group that provides technical advantages for the preparation of dimeric radioligands based on silicon fluoride acceptor pre- or post-labeling with fluorine-18. Rapid conjugation with the prosthetic group takes place in microwave-assisted click conjugation under mild conditions. Thus, a bivalent homodimeric SiX-dipropargyl glycerol derivatized radioligand, [(18) F]BMPPSiF, with enhanced affinity was developed by using click conjugation. High uptake of the radioligand was demonstrated in 5-HT1A receptor-rich regions in the brain with positron emission tomography. Molecular docking studies (rigid protein-flexible ligand) of BMPPSiF and known antagonists (WAY-100635, MPPF, and MefWAY) with monomeric, dimeric, and multimeric 5-HT1A receptor models were performed, with the highest G score obtained for docked BMPPSiF: -6.766 as compared with all three antagonists on the monomeric model. Multimeric induced-fit docking was also performed to visualize the comparable mode of binding under in vivo conditions, and a notably improved G score of -8.455 was observed for BMPPSiF. These data directly correlate the high binding potential of BMPPSiF with the bivalent binding mode obtained in the biological studies. The present study warrants wide application of the SiX-dipropargyl glycerol prosthetic group in the development of ligands for imaging with enhanced affinity markers for specific targeting based on peptides, nucleosides, and lipids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Puja Panwar Hazari
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharamceutical Sciences, Brig. SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi 110054 (India)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Co(salen)-mediated enantioselective radiofluorination of epoxides. Radiosynthesis of enantiomerically enriched [18F]F-MISO via kinetic resolution. J Fluor Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2013.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
34
|
Matesic L, Wyatt NA, Fraser BH, Roberts MP, Pham TQ, Greguric I. Ascertaining the suitability of aryl sulfonyl fluorides for [18F]radiochemistry applications: a systematic investigation using microfluidics. J Org Chem 2013; 78:11262-70. [PMID: 24134549 DOI: 10.1021/jo401759z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Optimization of [(18)F]radiolabeling conditions and subsequent stability analysis in mobile phase, PBS buffer, and rat serum of 12 aryl sulfonyl chloride precursors with various substituents (electron-withdrawing groups, electron-donating groups, increased steric bulk, heterocyclic) were performed using an Advion NanoTek Microfluidic Synthesis System. A comparison of radiochemical yields and reaction times for a microfluidics device versus a conventional reaction vessel is reported. [(18)F]Radiolabeling of sulfonyl chlorides in the presence of competing nucleophiles, H-bond donors, and water was also assessed and demonstrated the versatility and potential utility of [(18)F]sulfonyl fluorides as synthons for indirect radiolabeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Matesic
- LifeSciences Division, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO) , Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
Targeted agents are increasingly used for treating cancer and other diseases, but patients may need to be carefully selected to maximize the potential for therapeutic benefit. One way to select patients is to bind an imaging radionuclide to a targeting agent of interest, so that its uptake in specific sites of disease can be visualized by positron-emission tomography (PET) or single-photon emission computed tomography.18F is the most commonly used radionuclide for PET imaging. Its half-life of approximately 2 h is suited for same-day imaging of many compounds that clear quickly from the body to allow visualization of uptake in the intended target. A significant impediment to its use, however, is the challenging coupling of 18F to a carbon atom of the targeting agent. Because fluorine binds to aluminum, we developed a procedure where the Al18F complex could be captured by a chelate, thereby greatly simplifying the way that imaging agents can be fluorinated for PET imaging. This article reviews our experience with this technology.
Collapse
|
36
|
Joyard Y, Azzouz R, Bischoff L, Papamicaël C, Labar D, Bol A, Bol V, Vera P, Grégoire V, Levacher V, Bohn P. Synthesis of new 18F-radiolabeled silicon-based nitroimidazole compounds. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:3680-8. [PMID: 23665140 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The syntheses of new nitroimidazole compounds using silicon-[(18)F]fluorine chemistry for the potential detection of tumor hypoxia are described. [(18)F]silicon-based compounds were synthesized by coupling 2-nitroimidazole with silyldinaphtyl or silylphenyldi-tert-butyl groups and labeled by fluorolysis or isotopic exchange. Dinaphtyl compounds (6, 10) were labeled in 56-71% yield with a specific activity of 45 GBq/μmol, however these compounds ([(18)F]7 and [(18)F]11) were not stable in plasma. Phenyldi-tert-butyl compounds were labeled in 70% yield with a specific activity of 3 GBq/μmol by isotopic exchange, or in 81% yield by fluorolysis of siloxanes with a specific activity of 45 GBq/μmol. The labeled compound [(18)F]18 was stable in plasma and excreted by the liver and kidneys in vivo. In conclusion, the fluorosilylphenyldi-tert-butyl (SiFA) group is more stable in plasma than fluorosilyldiphenyl moiety. Thus, compound [(18)F]18 is suitable for further in vivo assessments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoann Joyard
- UMR 6014, COBRA, CNRS, INSA of Rouen and University of Rouen, rue Tesnière, 76130 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
One-step 18F-labeling of peptides for positron emission tomography imaging using the SiFA methodology. Nat Protoc 2012; 7:1946-55. [DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2012.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
38
|
|