1
|
Ivaneev A, Brzhezinskiy A, Karandashev V, Fedyunina N, Ermolin M, Fedotov P. Nanoparticles of dust as an emerging contaminant in urban environments. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:367. [PMID: 39167245 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-02139-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Due to very high mobility in the environment and penetration ability into living organisms, nanoparticles (NPs) of urban dust pose a potential threat to human health and urban ecosystems. Currently, data on the chemical composition of NPs of urban dust, their fate in the environment, and corresponding risks are rather limited. In the present work, NPs of deposited urban dust have been comprehensively studied for the first time; NPs isolated from 78 samples of dust collected in Moscow, the largest megacity in Europe, being taken as example. The elemental composition, potential sources as well as environmental, ecological, and health risks of NPs of urban dust are assessed. It is found that dust NPs are extremely enriched by Cu, Hg, Zn, Mo, Sb, and Pb, and can serve as their carrier in urban environments. No regularities in the spatial distribution of elements have been found, probably, due to high mobility of dust NPs. High ecological and health risks caused by dust NPs are demonstrated. Source apportionment study has evaluated one natural and two anthropogenic sources of elements in NPs of urban dust; the contribution of natural and anthropogenic sources being comparable. It is also shown that dust NPs may be considered as an important carrier of trace elements in urban aquatic systems. Additionally, the risks associated with NPs and bulk samples of dust have been compared. The observed risks associated with NPs are significantly higher.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandr Ivaneev
- Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 19 Kosygin Street, Moscow, Russia, 119991.
| | - Anton Brzhezinskiy
- Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 19 Kosygin Street, Moscow, Russia, 119991
- Russian Biotechnological University, Moscow, Russia, 125080
| | - Vasily Karandashev
- Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 19 Kosygin Street, Moscow, Russia, 119991
- Institute of Microelectronics Technology and High-Purity Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia, 142432
| | - Natalia Fedyunina
- Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 19 Kosygin Street, Moscow, Russia, 119991
- National University of Science and Technology 'MISIS', Moscow, Russia, 119049
| | - Mikhail Ermolin
- Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 19 Kosygin Street, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Petr Fedotov
- Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 19 Kosygin Street, Moscow, Russia, 119991
- National University of Science and Technology 'MISIS', Moscow, Russia, 119049
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Karthick Raja Namasivayam S, Priyanka S, Lavanya M, Krithika Shree S, Francis AL, Avinash GP, Arvind Bharani RS, Kavisri M, Moovendhan M. A review on vulnerable atmospheric aerosol nanoparticles: Sources, impact on the health, ecosystem and management strategies. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 365:121644. [PMID: 38963970 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
The Earth's atmosphere contains ultrafine particles known as aerosols, which can be either liquid or solid particles suspended in gas. These aerosols originate from both natural sources and human activities, termed primary and secondary sources respectively. They have significant impacts on the environment, particularly when they transform into ultrafine particles or aerosol nanoparticles, due to their extremely fine atomic structure. With this context in mind, this review aims to elucidate the fundamentals of atmospheric-derived aerosol nanoparticles, covering their various sources, impacts, and methods for control and management. Natural sources such as marine, volcanic, dust, and bioaerosols are discussed, along with anthropogenic sources like the combustion of fossil fuels, biomass, and industrial waste. Aerosol nanoparticles can have several detrimental effects on ecosystems, prompting the exploration and analysis of eco-friendly, sustainable technologies for their removal or mitigation.Despite the adverse effects highlighted in the review, attention is also given to the generation of aerosol-derived atmospheric nanoparticles from biomass sources. This finding provides valuable scientific evidence and background for researchers in fields such as epidemiology, aerobiology, and toxicology, particularly concerning atmospheric nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Karthick Raja Namasivayam
- Center for Applied Research, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nādu, India
| | - S Priyanka
- Center for Applied Research, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nādu, India
| | - M Lavanya
- Center for Applied Research, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nādu, India
| | - S Krithika Shree
- Center for Applied Research, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nādu, India
| | - A L Francis
- Center for Applied Research, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nādu, India
| | - G P Avinash
- Center for Applied Research, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nādu, India
| | - R S Arvind Bharani
- Center for Applied Research, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nādu, India
| | - M Kavisri
- Department of Civil Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nādu, India
| | - Meivelu Moovendhan
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rybak J, Ziembik Z, Wróbel M, Bihałowicz JS, Rogula-Kozłowska W, Mudiyanselage ND, Majewski G. Seasonal toxicity of urban road dust in runoff process-studies in Poland. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:38485-38499. [PMID: 38806980 PMCID: PMC11189338 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33716-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Urban road dust (URD) is one of the most important non-point sources of pollution in agglomerations. The aim of this study was to assess the seasonal toxic effects of URD runoff in two regions of Poland. The concentrations of elements in URD and leachate were studied. The impact of pollutants in URD runoff on water organisms was evaluated using Daphtoxkit F and Rotoxkit F (LC50). The acute toxicity tests for crustaceans and rotifers were selected as the response of these taxa reflects the impact on zooplankton, a key component of aquatic ecosystem and the basis of most food webs. The concentrations of elements were found to vary depending on the site, although URD samples collected in Katowice agglomeration (Upper Silesia) had higher values of elements (Mn, Cu, Zn, As) compared to Wrocław (Lower Silesia). The concentrations of Mn, Zn, As, Cr, and Mg in water-soluble fraction of URD were higher in summer and winter in the Upper Silesia region due to rainwater runoff resulting from traffic, industries, post-industrial waste, and the presence of old heating systems. When comparing the content of elements in the water-soluble fraction between seasons, Zn, As, Cr, and Al concentrations were slightly higher in winter. The highest mortality of Daphnia magna and Brachiouns calyciflorus was observed in URD from both agglomerations in winter. However, the mortality is likely due to the concentration of elements or/and the coexistence of an unknown compound or a synergistic effect of the studied elements. This study highlights the alarming seasonal sources of elements in URD runoff, which will directly enter the food chain and affect the entire ecosystem, and human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Rybak
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Zbigniew Ziembik
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Opole, 6a Kominka Str, 45-032, Opole, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wróbel
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jan Stefan Bihałowicz
- Fire University (former The Main School of Fire Service), 52/54 Słowackiego Str, 01-629, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska
- Fire University (former The Main School of Fire Service), 52/54 Słowackiego Str, 01-629, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Grzegorz Majewski
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kim SH, Kim MS, Lee DH, Shin KH. Impact of typhoons on anthropogenic nitrogen sources in Lake Sihwa, South Korea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 202:116324. [PMID: 38579447 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the nitrate dual isotopic compositions (δ15NNO3 and δ18ONO3) of water samples to trace nitrate sources in Lake Sihwa, which encompasses various land-use types (e.g., urban, industry, wetland, and agriculture). The biogeochemical interactions of anthropogenic nitrogen sources (e.g., soil, road dust, and septic water) were also evaluated through multiple pathways from terrestrial boundaries to the water column. Based on increased concentrations of dissolved total nitrogen (DTN; 3.1 ± 1.6 mg/L) after typhoon, the variation of element stoichiometry (N:P:Si) in this system shifted to the relatively N-rich conditions (DIN/DIP; 14.1 ± 8.1, DIN/DSi; 1.4 ± 1.8), potentially triggering the occurrence of harmful algal blooms. Furthermore, discriminative isotopic compositions (δ15NNO3; 4.0 ± 2.1 ‰, δ18ONO3; 6.1 ± 4.3 ‰) after the typhoon suggested the increased DTN input of anthropogenic origins within Lake Sihwa would be mainly transported from urban sources (76 ± 9 %). Consequently, the isotopic-based approach may be useful for effective water quality management under increased anthropogenic activities near aquatic systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hee Kim
- Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seob Kim
- Department of Fundamental Environment Research, Environmental Measurement and Analysis Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hun Lee
- Division of Earth and Environmental System Sciences, Pukyong National University, 45, Yongso-ro, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hoon Shin
- Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kek HY, Tan H, Othman MHD, Nyakuma BB, Ho WS, Sheng DDCV, Kang HS, Chan YT, Lim NHAS, Leng PC, Wahab NHA, Wong KY. Critical review on airborne microplastics: An indoor air contaminant of emerging concern. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 245:118055. [PMID: 38154562 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.118055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Airborne Microplastics (MPs), an emerging environmental issue, have gained recent attention due to their newfound presence in indoor environments. Utilizing the Web of Science database for literature collection, the paper presents a comprehensive review of airborne MPs including emission sources, assessment methods, exposure risks, and mitigation strategies. This review delves into the diverse sources and mechanisms influencing indoor airborne MP pollution, underscoring the complex interplay between human activities, ventilation systems, and the characteristics of indoor environments. Major sources include the abrasion of synthetic textiles and the deterioration of flooring materials, with factors like carpeting, airflow, and ventilation significantly impacting MP levels. Human activities, such as increased movement in indoor spaces and the intensive use of plastic-based personal protective equipment (PPE) post-pandemic, notably elevate indoor MP concentrations. The potential health impacts of airborne MPs are increasingly concerning, with evidence suggesting their role in respiratory, immune, and nervous system diseases. Despite this, there is a scarcity of information on MPs in diverse indoor environments and the inhalation risks associated with the frequent use of PPE. This review also stresses the importance of developing effective strategies to reduce MP emissions, such as employing HEPA-filtered vacuums, minimizing the use of synthetic textiles, and enhancing indoor ventilation. Several future research directions were proposed, including detailed temporal analyses of indoor MP levels, interactions of MP with other atmospheric pollutants, the transport dynamics of inhalable MPs (≤10 μm), and comprehensive human exposure risk assessments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yee Kek
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Huiyi Tan
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Bemgba Bevan Nyakuma
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Computing, Pen Resource University, P. M. B. 086, Gombe, Gombe State, Nigeria
| | - Wai Shin Ho
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | | | - Hooi Siang Kang
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia; Marine Technology Centre, Institute for Vehicle System & Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Yoon Tung Chan
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | | | - Pau Chung Leng
- Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | | | - Keng Yinn Wong
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ghosh A, Nagar PK, Singh B, Sharma M, Singh D. Bottom-up and top-down approaches for estimating road dust emission and correlating it with a receptor model results over a typical urban atmosphere of Indo Gangetic Plain. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:167363. [PMID: 37769726 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the emission and concentration of PM10 and PM2.5-related road dust over Agra, a typical semi-arid urban atmosphere of the Indo Gangetic Plain (IGP), a fine-resolution emission inventory and receptor modeling-based source apportionment was undertaken for the year 2019. On-road, the silt load of Agra (7-55 g/m2 of the road) was found to be 10 to 50 times higher than that reported in advanced countries. The silt load over Agra varied widely depending on road conditions, long-range transport, and land-use pattern. Depending on the silt load, land-use and fleet averaged weight, the annual emission factor for road dust was estimated as 14.3 ± 3.2 (PM10) and 4.4 ± 1.4 (PM2.5) gm/VKT (vehicle kilometer travel). PM10 emission of road dust alone contributed 80 % (29 ± 6 t/d) to the total emission of PM10 and 68 % (9 ± 3 t/d) to PM2.5 of the city with the maximum emission being in industrial areas. Chemical analysis of ambient PM10, PM2.5, and road dust samples showed that the road dust was enriched with geogenic components and was in good agreement with the road dust profile identified from the positive matrix factorization receptor model. The model estimated contribution of road dust (summer and winter combined) to PM10 and PM2.5 ambient air levels was 28 % (67 μg/m3) and 23 % (27 μg/m3) respectively. Summer showed a larger road dust contribution than winter due to strong surface wind and dry road conditions. Results have revealed that the emissions and concentrations of road dust are closely interrelated with road conditions (silt load), land-use patterns, VKT, weight of the vehicles, and micrometeorological conditions. The large road dust emission in IGP cities requires better road conditions and traffic management to curb the emission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhinandan Ghosh
- Department of Civil Engineering and Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India
| | - Pavan Kumar Nagar
- Department of Civil Engineering and Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India
| | - Brajesh Singh
- Department of Civil Engineering and Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India
| | - Mukesh Sharma
- Department of Civil Engineering and Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India.
| | - Dhirendra Singh
- Airshed Planning Professionals Private Limited, Kanpur, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Letaïef S, Camps P, Carvallo C. A supervised machine learning approach to classify traffic-derived PM sources based on their magnetic properties. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116006. [PMID: 37150384 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Environmental magnetism techniques are increasingly used to map the deposition of particulate pollutants on any type of accumulative surfaces. The present study is part of a collective effort that begun in recent years to evaluate the efficiency of these techniques involving a large range of measurements to trace the source signals. Here we explore the possibilities provided by the very simple but robust k-near-neighbors algorithm (kNN) for classification in a source-to-sink approach. For this purpose, in a first phase, the magnetic properties of the traffic-related sources of particulate matter (tire, brake pads, exhaust pipes, etc.) are used to parameterize and train the model. Then, the magnetic parameters measured on accumulating surfaces exposed to a polluted air as urban plant leaves and passive filters are confronted to the model. The results are very encouraging. The algorithm predicts the dominant traffic-related sources for different kinds of accumulative surfaces. The model predictions are generally consistent according to the sampling locations. Its resolution seems adequate since different dominant sources could be identified within one street. We demonstrate the possibility to trace traffic-derived pollutants from sources to sinks based only on magnetic properties, and to eventually quantify their contributions in the total magnetic signal measured. Because magnetic mapping has a high-resolution efficiency, these results open the opportunity to complement conventional methods used to measure air quality and to improve the numerical models of pollutant dispersion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Letaïef
- Géosciences Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France.
| | - Pierre Camps
- Géosciences Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France.
| | - Claire Carvallo
- Sorbonne Université, UMR 7590, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, F-75005, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kosheleva NE, Vlasov DV, Timofeev IV, Samsonov TE, Kasimov NS. Benzo[a]pyrene in Moscow road dust: pollution levels and health risks. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:1669-1694. [PMID: 35583719 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01287-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is one of the priority pollutants in the urban environment. For the first time, the accumulation of BaP in road dust on different types of Moscow roads has been determined. The average BaP content in road dust is 0.26 mg/kg, which is 53 times higher than the BaP content in the background topsoils (Umbric Albeluvisols) of the Moscow Meshchera lowland, 50 km east of the city. The most polluted territories are large roads (0.29 mg/kg, excess of the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) in soils by 14 times) and parking lots in the courtyards (0.37 mg/kg, MPC excess by 19 times). In the city center, the BaP content in the dust of courtyards reaches 1.02 mg/kg (MPC excess by 51 times). The accumulation of BaP depends on the parameters of street canyons formed by buildings along the roads: in short canyons (< 500 m), the content of BaP reaches maximum. Relatively wide canyons accumulate BaP 1.6 times more actively than narrow canyons. The BaP accumulation in road dust significantly increases on the Third Ring Road (TRR), highways, medium and small roads with an average height of the canyon > 20 m. Public health risks from exposure to BaP-contaminated road dust particles were assessed using the US EPA methodology. The main BaP exposure pathway is oral via ingestion (> 90% of the total BaP intake). The carcinogenic risk for adults is the highest in courtyard areas in the south, southwest, northwest, and center of Moscow. The minimum carcinogenic risk is characteristic of the highways and TRR with predominance of nonstop traffic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia E Kosheleva
- Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry V Vlasov
- Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.
| | - Ivan V Timofeev
- Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Timofey E Samsonov
- Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay S Kasimov
- Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ivaneev AI, Brzhezinskiy AS, Karandashev VK, Ermolin MS, Fedotov PS. Assessment of sources, environmental, ecological, and health risks of potentially toxic elements in urban dust of Moscow megacity, Russia. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 321:138142. [PMID: 36791813 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in urban dust of Moscow megacity and related risks have been studied. 78 samples were collected in the Moscow downtown in sites with different anthropogenic load, namely, major highways, residential area, and recreation zones. The concentrations of PTEs in urban dust were determined by ICP-MS and ICP-AES. Then, environmental, ecological and health risks of PTEs in urban dust were assessed. In addition, potential sources of PTEs in dust were identified. It is shown that Moscow dust is mainly contaminated by Sb, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Sn, and Mo, which according to the data of principal component and correlation analyses can be attributed to anthropogenic sources (non-exhaust vehicle emissions). Potential ecological risk factor demonstrates that Cu, Mo, and Cd have moderate potential ecological risks in 13% of studied area, while Sb has this risk in 62% of area. Potential ecological risk indices indicate that 41% of studied territory is of moderate ecological risk. Concerning the human risks through ingestion, dermal contact, and inhalation pathways, PTEs in Moscow dust have no significant non-carcinogenic risks for adults. However, the value of total hazard index for children is 1.8 showing that non-carcinogenic risks may occur. Moreover, possible carcinogenic risks caused by Cr are evaluated. The finding of the present study can be used for ecological management in the megacity to reduce both ecological and human risks. A special attention should be given to periods of hot and dry weather and to traffic-related emissions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A I Ivaneev
- Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - A S Brzhezinskiy
- Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - V K Karandashev
- Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia; Institute of Microelectronics Technology and High-Purity Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia
| | - M S Ermolin
- Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - P S Fedotov
- Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Vlasov DV, Vasil'chuk JY, Kosheleva NE, Kasimov NS. Contamination levels and source apportionment of potentially toxic elements in size-fractionated road dust of Moscow. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:38099-38120. [PMID: 36576630 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24934-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The distributions of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) among PM1, PM1-10, PM10-50, and PM50-1000 fractions of the road dust were studied in the western and eastern parts of Moscow, impacted mainly by the road transport and the industrial sector, respectively. The partitioning of PTEs in road dust can provide more precise information on pollution sources and its further interpretation regarding human health risks. The concentrations of PTEs were analyzed by mass and atomic emission inductively coupled plasma spectrometry. Differences in the results between the western and eastern parts of the city were caused by the dissimilarity between traffic and industrial emissions. The source apportionment of the PTEs was carried out using absolute principal component analysis with multiple linear regressions (PCA/APCS-MLR). The contribution from anthropogenic sources was significant to PM1 and PM1-10 particles. In coarser fractions (PM10-50, PM50-1000), it decreased due to the input with the wind-induced resuspension of soil and rock particles. In the eastern part of the city, the accumulation of PTEs (especially Mo, Sb, Cd, Sn, Bi, Co, and As) is the most active in PM1-10, while in the western part, it is most pronounced in PM1 (especially Pb, Cu, Cr, and W) which is associated with differences in the size of particles coming from traffic and industrial sources. In the eastern part of Moscow, in comparison with the western part, the contribution from industrial sources to the accumulation of PTEs in all particle size fractions was higher by 10-30%. In the western part of Moscow, the finest particles PM1 and PM1-10 demonstrate the trend of rising pollution levels with the increase in road size, while in the eastern part of the city, only coarse particles PM50-1000 show the same trend. In the fractions PM1 and PM1-10 of road dust, a significant contribution was made by anthropogenic sources; however, its role decreased in the coarse fractions-PM10-50 and especially in PM50-1000- due to the influence of roadside soils and their parent material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii V Vlasov
- Department of Landscape Geochemistry and Soil Geography, Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Jessica Yu Vasil'chuk
- Department of Landscape Geochemistry and Soil Geography, Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia E Kosheleva
- Department of Landscape Geochemistry and Soil Geography, Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay S Kasimov
- Department of Landscape Geochemistry and Soil Geography, Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pollution Characteristics, Source Apportionment, and Health Risk of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) of Fine Street Dust during and after COVID-19 Lockdown in Bangladesh. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10122575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 period has had a significant impact on both the global environment and daily living. The COVID-19 lockdown may provide an opportunity to enhance environmental quality. This study has evaluated the effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on the distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the street dust (diameter < 20 µm) of different land use areas in Dhaka city, Bangladesh, using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The maximum (2114 ng g−1) concentration of ∑16 PAHs was found in the industrial area during without lockdown conditions and the minimum (932 ng g−1) concentration was found in the public facilities area during the complete lockdown. Meanwhile, due to the partial lockdown, a maximum of 30% of the ∑16 PAH concentration decreased from the situation of without lockdown in the industrial area. The highest result of 53% of the ∑16 PAH concentration decreased from the situation without lockdown to the complete lockdown in the commercial area. The 4-ring PAHs had the highest contribution, both during and after the lockdown conditions. PAH ratios, correlation, principal component analysis (PCA), and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) were applied in order to evaluate the possible sources. Two major origins of PAHs in the street dust were identified as petroleum and petrogenic sources, as well as biomass and coal combustion. Ingestion and dermal pathways were identified as the major exposure routes to PAHs in the dust. The total incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) due to exposure for adults and children ranged from 8.38 × 10−8 to 1.16 × 10−7 and from 5.11 × 10−8 to 1.70 × 10−7, respectively. These values were lower than the baseline value of acceptable risk (10–6), indicating no potential carcinogenic risk. This study found that the COVID-19 lockdown reduced the distribution of PAHs in the different sites of Dhaka city, thus providing a unique opportunity for the remarkable improvement of degraded environmental resources.
Collapse
|