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Favaretto F, Compagnin C, Cogliati E, Montagner G, Dell’Antonia F, Berna G, Vettor R, Milan G, Trojan D. Characterization of Human Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue and Validation of the Banking Procedure for Autologous Transplantation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8190. [PMID: 37175896 PMCID: PMC10179225 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) is composed of a heterogeneous population which comprises both progenitor and differentiated cells. This heterogeneity allows a variety of roles for the AT, including regenerative functions. In fact, autologous AT is commonly used to repair soft tissue defects, and its cryopreservation could be a useful strategy to reduce the patient discomfort caused by multiple harvesting procedures. Our work aimed to characterize the cryopreserved AT and to validate its storage for up to three years for clinical applications. AT components (stromal vascular fraction-SVF and mature adipocytes) were isolated in fresh and cryopreserved samples using enzymatic digestion, and cell viability was assessed by immunofluorescence (IF) staining. Live, apoptotic and necrotic cells were quantified using cytometry by evaluating phosphatidylserine binding to fluorescent-labeled Annexin V. A multiparametric cytometry was also used to measure adipogenic (CD34+CD90+CD31-CD45-) and endothelial (CD34+CD31+CD45-) precursors and endothelial mature cells (CD34-CD31+CD45-). The maintenance of adipogenic abilities was evaluated using in vitro differentiation of SVF cultures and fluorescent lipid staining. We demonstrated that AT that is cryopreserved for up to three years maintains its differentiation potential and cellular composition. Given our results, a clinical study was started, and two patients had successful transplants without any complications using autologous cryopreserved AT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Favaretto
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine 3, Padova Hospital, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Fondazione Banca dei Tessuti del Veneto (FBTV), 31100 Treviso, Italy
| | - Chiara Compagnin
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine 3, Padova Hospital, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Elisa Cogliati
- Fondazione Banca dei Tessuti del Veneto (FBTV), 31100 Treviso, Italy
| | - Giulia Montagner
- Fondazione Banca dei Tessuti del Veneto (FBTV), 31100 Treviso, Italy
| | - Francesco Dell’Antonia
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Chirurgia Plastica, ULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, 31100 Treviso, Italy
| | - Giorgio Berna
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Chirurgia Plastica, ULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, 31100 Treviso, Italy
| | - Roberto Vettor
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine 3, Padova Hospital, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Gabriella Milan
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine 3, Padova Hospital, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Diletta Trojan
- Fondazione Banca dei Tessuti del Veneto (FBTV), 31100 Treviso, Italy
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The Role of Process Systems Engineering in Applying Quality by Design (QbD) in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Production. Comput Chem Eng 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2023.108144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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3
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Sykłowska-Baranek K, Sygitowicz G, Maciejak-Jastrzębska A, Pietrosiuk A, Szakiel A. Application of Priming Strategy for Enhanced Paclitaxel Biosynthesis in Taxus × Media Hairy Root Cultures. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132062. [PMID: 35805152 PMCID: PMC9265826 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite huge progress in biotechnological approaches to paclitaxel production, Taxus spp. in vitro culture productivity still remains a challenge. This could be solved by developing a new strategy engaging mechanisms of the primed defence response joined with subsequent elicitation treatment to circumvent limitations in paclitaxel biosynthesis. The hairy roots were primed by preincubation with β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) for 24 h or 1 week, and then elicited with methyl jasmonate (MeJA) or a mixture of MeJA, sodium nitroprusside and L-phenylalanine (MIX). The effect of priming was evaluated on a molecular level by examination of the expression profiles of the four genes involved in paclitaxel biosynthesis, i.e., TXS (taxadiene synthase), BAPT (baccatin III: 3-amino, 3-phenylpropanoyltransferase), DBTNBT (3′-N-debenzoyl-2-deoxytaxol-N-benzoyltransferase) and PAM (phenylalanine aminomutase), as well as rolC (cytokinin-β-glucosidase), originated from the T-DNA of Agrobacterium rhizogenes. The maximum paclitaxel yield was achieved in cultures primed with BABA for 1 week and elicited with MIX (3179.9 ± 212 µg/g dry weight), which corresponded to the highest expression levels of TXS and BAPT genes. Although BABA itself induced the investigated gene expression over control level, it was not translated into paclitaxel production. Nevertheless, preincubation with BABA essentially affected paclitaxel yield, and the duration of BABA pretreatment seemed to have the most pronounced impact on its productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Sykłowska-Baranek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (K.S.-B.); (A.P.)
| | - Grażyna Sygitowicz
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Agata Maciejak-Jastrzębska
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Pietrosiuk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (K.S.-B.); (A.P.)
| | - Anna Szakiel
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa Str., 02-096 Warsaw, Poland;
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Hirono K, A. Udugama I, Hayashi Y, Kino-oka M, Sugiyama H. A Dynamic and Probabilistic Design Space Determination Method for Mesenchymal Stem Cell Cultivation Processes. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c00374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keita Hirono
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Isuru A. Udugama
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hayashi
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kino-oka
- Department of Biotechnology, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Sugiyama
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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Lederer CW, Koniali L, Buerki-Thurnherr T, Papasavva PL, La Grutta S, Licari A, Staud F, Bonifazi D, Kleanthous M. Catching Them Early: Framework Parameters and Progress for Prenatal and Childhood Application of Advanced Therapies. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14040793. [PMID: 35456627 PMCID: PMC9031205 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) are medicines for human use based on genes, cells or tissue engineering. After clear successes in adults, the nascent technology now sees increasing pediatric application. For many still untreatable disorders with pre- or perinatal onset, timely intervention is simply indispensable; thus, prenatal and pediatric applications of ATMPs hold great promise for curative treatments. Moreover, for most inherited disorders, early ATMP application may substantially improve efficiency, economy and accessibility compared with application in adults. Vindicating this notion, initial data for cell-based ATMPs show better cell yields, success rates and corrections of disease parameters for younger patients, in addition to reduced overall cell and vector requirements, illustrating that early application may resolve key obstacles to the widespread application of ATMPs for inherited disorders. Here, we provide a selective review of the latest ATMP developments for prenatal, perinatal and pediatric use, with special emphasis on its comparison with ATMPs for adults. Taken together, we provide a perspective on the enormous potential and key framework parameters of clinical prenatal and pediatric ATMP application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten W. Lederer
- The Molecular Genetics Thalassemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (L.K.); (P.L.P.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +357-22-392764
| | - Lola Koniali
- The Molecular Genetics Thalassemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (L.K.); (P.L.P.); (M.K.)
| | - Tina Buerki-Thurnherr
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland;
| | - Panayiota L. Papasavva
- The Molecular Genetics Thalassemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (L.K.); (P.L.P.); (M.K.)
| | - Stefania La Grutta
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, IFT National Research Council, 90146 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Amelia Licari
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Frantisek Staud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;
| | - Donato Bonifazi
- Consorzio per Valutazioni Biologiche e Farmacologiche (CVBF) and European Paediatric Translational Research Infrastructure (EPTRI), 70122 Bari, Italy;
| | - Marina Kleanthous
- The Molecular Genetics Thalassemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (L.K.); (P.L.P.); (M.K.)
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Teale M, Jossen V, Eibl D, Eibl R. Chemically Defined, Xeno-Free Expansion of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hMSCs) on Benchtop-Scale Using a Stirred Single-Use Bioreactor. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2021; 2436:83-111. [PMID: 34611815 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2021_426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the use of hMSCs, which may be isolated from adipose tissue among others, for the treatment of diseases has increased significantly. The cell quantities required for such therapeutic approaches, between 1012 and 1013, have thus far been predominantly produced using commercially available multi-tray systems, such as the Cell Factory (Thermo Fisher Scientific) or HYPERStack (Corning), which can be purchased with up to 40 layers. However, the handling of these planar multilayer systems is difficult, and process monitoring opportunities remain limited. Here, automated stirred single-use bioreactors provide a viable alternative to the time-consuming multiplication of cells using such planar systems, while still managing to achieve the desired clinically relevant quantities. In these stirred single-use systems, adherent cells are predominantly cultivated in suspension up to pilot scale using carrier materials, also referred to as microcarriers (MCs).This chapter describes the steps which need to be realized to guarantee successful hMSC expansion within a stirred single-use bioreactor (Eppendorf's BioBLU® 0.3c) operated using MCs under serum- and xeno-free conditions at benchtop scale. The cultivations were performed using an immortalized human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (hASC) line, hence referred to as hASC52telo, and a new chemically defined, xeno-free medium, hence referred to as the UrSuppe formulation. Spinner flask cultivations were performed under comparable process conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misha Teale
- Centre for Biochemical Engineering and Cell Cultivation Techniques, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Wädenswil, Switzerland.
| | - Valentin Jossen
- Centre for Biochemical Engineering and Cell Cultivation Techniques, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Dieter Eibl
- Centre for Biochemical Engineering and Cell Cultivation Techniques, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Regine Eibl
- Centre for Biochemical Engineering and Cell Cultivation Techniques, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Wädenswil, Switzerland
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Muoio F, Panella S, Jossen V, Lindner M, Harder Y, Müller M, Eibl R, Tallone T. Human Adipose Stem Cells (hASCs) Grown on Biodegradable Microcarriers in Serum- and Xeno-Free Medium Preserve Their Undifferentiated Status. J Funct Biomater 2021; 12:jfb12020025. [PMID: 33923488 PMCID: PMC8167760 DOI: 10.3390/jfb12020025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human adipose stem cells (hASCs) are promising candidates for cell-based therapies, but they need to be efficiently expanded in vitro as they cannot be harvested in sufficient quantities. Recently, dynamic bioreactor systems operated with microcarriers achieved considerable high cell densities. Thus, they are a viable alternative to static planar cultivation systems to obtain high numbers of clinical-grade hASCs. Nevertheless, the production of considerable biomass in a short time must not be achieved to the detriment of the cells' quality. To facilitate the scalable expansion of hASC, we have developed a new serum- and xeno-free medium (UrSuppe) and a biodegradable microcarrier (BR44). In this study, we investigated whether the culture of hASCs in defined serum-free conditions on microcarriers (3D) or on planar (2D) cell culture vessels may influence the expression of some marker genes linked with the immature degree or the differentiated status of the cells. Furthermore, we investigated whether the biomaterials, which form our biodegradable MCs, may affect cell behavior and differentiation. The results confirmed that the quality and the undifferentiated status of the hASCs are very well preserved when they grow on BR44 MCs in defined serum-free conditions. Indeed, the ASCs showed a gene expression profile more compatible with an undifferentiated status than the same cells grown under standard planar conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Muoio
- Foundation for Cardiological Research and Education (FCRE), Cardiocentro Ticino Foundation, 6807 Taverne, Switzerland; (F.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Stefano Panella
- Foundation for Cardiological Research and Education (FCRE), Cardiocentro Ticino Foundation, 6807 Taverne, Switzerland; (F.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Valentin Jossen
- Institute of Chemistry & Biotechnology, Competence Center of Biochemical Engineering & Cell Cultivation Technique Zurich University of Applied Sciences, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland; (V.J.); (R.E.)
| | | | - Yves Harder
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, EOC, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland;
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | | | - Regine Eibl
- Institute of Chemistry & Biotechnology, Competence Center of Biochemical Engineering & Cell Cultivation Technique Zurich University of Applied Sciences, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland; (V.J.); (R.E.)
| | - Tiziano Tallone
- Foundation for Cardiological Research and Education (FCRE), Cardiocentro Ticino Foundation, 6807 Taverne, Switzerland; (F.M.); (S.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-91-805-38-85
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Chemically Defined Xeno- and Serum-Free Cell Culture Medium to Grow Human Adipose Stem Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020466. [PMID: 33671568 PMCID: PMC7926673 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is an abundant source of stem cells. However, liposuction cannot yield cell quantities sufficient for direct applications in regenerative medicine. Therefore, the development of GMP-compliant ex vivo expansion protocols is required to ensure the production of a "cell drug" that is safe, reproducible, and cost-effective. Thus, we developed our own basal defined xeno- and serum-free cell culture medium (UrSuppe), specifically formulated to grow human adipose stem cells (hASCs). With this medium, we can directly culture the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells in defined cell culture conditions to obtain hASCs. Cells proliferate while remaining undifferentiated, as shown by Flow Cytometry (FACS), Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) assays, and their secretion products. Using the UrSuppe cell culture medium, maximum cell densities between 0.51 and 0.80 × 105 cells/cm2 (=2.55-4.00 × 105 cells/mL) were obtained. As the expansion of hASCs represents only the first step in a cell therapeutic protocol or further basic research studies, we formulated two chemically defined media to differentiate the expanded hASCs in white or beige/brown adipocytes. These new media could help translate research projects into the clinical application of hASCs and study ex vivo the biology in healthy and dysfunctional states of adipocytes and their precursors. Following the cell culture system developers' practice and obvious reasons related to the formulas' patentability, the defined media's composition will not be disclosed in this study.
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Development of a Biodegradable Microcarrier for the Cultivation of Human Adipose Stem Cells (hASCs) with a Defined Xeno- and Serum-Free Medium. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11030925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Stirred single-use bioreactors in combination with microcarriers (MCs) have established themselves as a technology that has the potential to meet the demands of current and future cell therapeutic markets. However, most of the published processes have been performed using fetal bovine serum (FBS) containing cell culture medium and non-biocompatible MCs. This approach has two significant drawbacks: firstly, the inevitable potential risks associated with the use of FBS for clinical applications; secondly, non-biocompatible MCs have to be removed from the cell suspension before implantation, requiring a step that causes loss of viable cells and adds further costs and complications. This study aimed to develop a new platform based on a chemically defined xeno- and serum-free cell culture medium and biodegradable MC that can support the growth of human adipose stem cells (hASCs) while still preserving their undifferentiated status. A specific combination of components and manufacturing parameters resulted in a MC prototype, called “BR44”, which delivered the desired functionality. MC BR44 allows the hASCs to stick to its surface and grow in a chemically defined xeno- and serum-free medium (UrSuppe). Although the cells’ expansion rate was not as high as with a commercial non-biodegradable standard MC, those cultured on BR44 maintained a better undifferentiated status in both static and dynamic conditions than those cultured on traditional 2D surfaces.
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Numerical Methods for the Design and Description of In Vitro Expansion Processes of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 177:185-228. [PMID: 33090237 DOI: 10.1007/10_2020_147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are a valuable source of cells for clinical applications (e.g., treatment of acute myocardial infarction or inflammatory diseases), especially in the field of regenerative medicine. However, for autologous (patient-specific) and allogeneic (off-the-shelf) hMSC-based therapies, in vitro expansion is necessary prior to the clinical application in order to achieve the required cell numbers. Safe, reproducible, and economic in vitro expansion of hMSCs for autologous and allogeneic therapies can be problematic because the cell material is restricted and the cells are sensitive to environmental changes. It is beneficial to collect detailed information on the hydrodynamic conditions and cell growth behavior in a bioreactor system, in order to develop a so called "Digital Twin" of the cultivation system and expansion process. Numerical methods, such as Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) which has become widely used in the biotech industry for studying local characteristics within bioreactors or kinetic growth modelling, provide possible solutions for such tasks.In this review, we will present the current state-of-the-art for the in vitro expansion of hMSCs. Different numerical tools, including numerical fluid flow simulations and cell growth modelling approaches for hMSCs, will be presented. In addition, a case study demonstrating the applicability of CFD and kinetic growth modelling for the development of an microcarrier-based hMSC process will be shown.
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Cabral JM, da Silva CL, Diogo MM. Stem Cell Bioprocessing and Manufacturing. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:bioengineering7030084. [PMID: 32751782 PMCID: PMC7552634 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7030084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The next healthcare revolution will apply regenerative medicines using human cells and tissues [...].
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