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Koniali L, Flouri C, Kostopoulou MI, Papaioannou NY, Papasavva PL, Naiisseh B, Stephanou C, Demetriadou A, Sitarou M, Christou S, Antoniou MN, Kleanthous M, Patsali P, Lederer CW. Evaluation of Mono- and Bi-Functional GLOBE-Based Vectors for Therapy of β-Thalassemia by HBBAS3 Gene Addition and Mutation-Specific RNA Interference. Cells 2023; 12:2848. [PMID: 38132168 PMCID: PMC10741507 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapy via the gene addition of the anti-sickling βAS3-globin transgene is potentially curative for all β-hemoglobinopathies and therefore of particular clinical and commercial interest. This study investigates GLOBE-based lentiviral vectors (LVs) for βAS3-globin addition and evaluates strategies for an increased β-like globin expression without vector dose escalation. First, we report the development of a GLOBE-derived LV, GLV2-βAS3, which, compared to its parental vector, adds anti-sickling action and a transcription-enhancing 848-bp transcription terminator element, retains high vector titers and allows for superior β-like globin expression in primary patient-derived hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Second, prompted by our previous correction of HBBIVSI-110(G>A) thalassemia based on RNApol(III)-driven shRNAs in mono- and combination therapy, we analyzed a series of novel LVs for the RNApol(II)-driven constitutive or late-erythroid expression of HBBIVSI-110(G>A)-specific miRNA30-embedded shRNAs (shRNAmiR). This included bifunctional LVs, allowing for concurrent βAS3-globin expression. LVs were initially compared for their ability to achieve high β-like globin expression in HBBIVSI-110(G>A)-transgenic cells, before the evaluation of shortlisted candidate LVs in HBBIVSI-110(G>A)-homozygous HSPCs. The latter revealed that β-globin promoter-driven designs for monotherapy with HBBIVSI-110(G>A)-specific shRNAmiRs only marginally increased β-globin levels compared to untransduced cells, whereas bifunctional LVs combining miR30-shRNA with βAS3-globin expression showed disease correction similar to that achieved by the parental GLV2-βAS3 vector. Our results establish the feasibility of high titers for LVs containing the full HBB transcription terminator, emphasize the importance of the HBB terminator for the high-level expression of HBB-like transgenes, qualify the therapeutic utility of late-erythroid HBBIVSI-110(G>A)-specific miR30-shRNA expression and highlight the exceptional potential of GLV2-βAS3 for the treatment of severe β-hemoglobinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lola Koniali
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, 6 Iroon Avenue, 2371 Nicosia, Cyprus; (L.K.); (M.I.K.); (N.Y.P.); (P.L.P.); (B.N.); (C.S.); (A.D.); (M.K.)
| | - Christina Flouri
- Gene Expression and Therapy Group, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK; (C.F.); (M.N.A.)
| | - Markela I. Kostopoulou
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, 6 Iroon Avenue, 2371 Nicosia, Cyprus; (L.K.); (M.I.K.); (N.Y.P.); (P.L.P.); (B.N.); (C.S.); (A.D.); (M.K.)
| | - Nikoletta Y. Papaioannou
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, 6 Iroon Avenue, 2371 Nicosia, Cyprus; (L.K.); (M.I.K.); (N.Y.P.); (P.L.P.); (B.N.); (C.S.); (A.D.); (M.K.)
| | - Panayiota L. Papasavva
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, 6 Iroon Avenue, 2371 Nicosia, Cyprus; (L.K.); (M.I.K.); (N.Y.P.); (P.L.P.); (B.N.); (C.S.); (A.D.); (M.K.)
| | - Basma Naiisseh
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, 6 Iroon Avenue, 2371 Nicosia, Cyprus; (L.K.); (M.I.K.); (N.Y.P.); (P.L.P.); (B.N.); (C.S.); (A.D.); (M.K.)
| | - Coralea Stephanou
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, 6 Iroon Avenue, 2371 Nicosia, Cyprus; (L.K.); (M.I.K.); (N.Y.P.); (P.L.P.); (B.N.); (C.S.); (A.D.); (M.K.)
| | - Anthi Demetriadou
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, 6 Iroon Avenue, 2371 Nicosia, Cyprus; (L.K.); (M.I.K.); (N.Y.P.); (P.L.P.); (B.N.); (C.S.); (A.D.); (M.K.)
| | - Maria Sitarou
- Thalassemia Clinic Larnaca, Larnaca General Hospital, 6301 Larnaca, Cyprus;
| | - Soteroula Christou
- Thalassemia Clinic Nicosia, Archbishop Makarios III Hospital, 1474 Nicosia, Cyprus;
| | - Michael N. Antoniou
- Gene Expression and Therapy Group, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK; (C.F.); (M.N.A.)
| | - Marina Kleanthous
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, 6 Iroon Avenue, 2371 Nicosia, Cyprus; (L.K.); (M.I.K.); (N.Y.P.); (P.L.P.); (B.N.); (C.S.); (A.D.); (M.K.)
| | - Petros Patsali
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, 6 Iroon Avenue, 2371 Nicosia, Cyprus; (L.K.); (M.I.K.); (N.Y.P.); (P.L.P.); (B.N.); (C.S.); (A.D.); (M.K.)
| | - Carsten W. Lederer
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, 6 Iroon Avenue, 2371 Nicosia, Cyprus; (L.K.); (M.I.K.); (N.Y.P.); (P.L.P.); (B.N.); (C.S.); (A.D.); (M.K.)
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2
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Cavazza A, Hendel A, Bak RO, Rio P, Güell M, Lainšček D, Arechavala-Gomeza V, Peng L, Hapil FZ, Harvey J, Ortega FG, Gonzalez-Martinez C, Lederer CW, Mikkelsen K, Gasiunas G, Kalter N, Gonçalves MA, Petersen J, Garanto A, Montoliu L, Maresca M, Seemann SE, Gorodkin J, Mazini L, Sanchez R, Rodriguez-Madoz JR, Maldonado-Pérez N, Laura T, Schmueck-Henneresse M, Maccalli C, Grünewald J, Carmona G, Kachamakova-Trojanowska N, Miccio A, Martin F, Turchiano G, Cathomen T, Luo Y, Tsai SQ, Benabdellah K. Progress and harmonization of gene editing to treat human diseases: Proceeding of COST Action CA21113 GenE-HumDi. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2023; 34:102066. [PMID: 38034032 PMCID: PMC10685310 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.102066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) is an intergovernmental organization dedicated to funding and coordinating scientific and technological research in Europe, fostering collaboration among researchers and institutions across countries. Recently, COST Action funded the "Genome Editing to treat Human Diseases" (GenE-HumDi) network, uniting various stakeholders such as pharmaceutical companies, academic institutions, regulatory agencies, biotech firms, and patient advocacy groups. GenE-HumDi's primary objective is to expedite the application of genome editing for therapeutic purposes in treating human diseases. To achieve this goal, GenE-HumDi is organized in several working groups, each focusing on specific aspects. These groups aim to enhance genome editing technologies, assess delivery systems, address safety concerns, promote clinical translation, and develop regulatory guidelines. The network seeks to establish standard procedures and guidelines for these areas to standardize scientific practices and facilitate knowledge sharing. Furthermore, GenE-HumDi aims to communicate its findings to the public in accessible yet rigorous language, emphasizing genome editing's potential to revolutionize the treatment of many human diseases. The inaugural GenE-HumDi meeting, held in Granada, Spain, in March 2023, featured presentations from experts in the field, discussing recent breakthroughs in delivery methods, safety measures, clinical translation, and regulatory aspects related to gene editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Cavazza
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Research and Teaching Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, WC1N 1EH London, UK
| | - Ayal Hendel
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Rasmus O. Bak
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Paula Rio
- Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIEMAT/CIBERER), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Advanced Therapies Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marc Güell
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Integra Therapeutics S.L., Barcelona, Spain
| | - Duško Lainšček
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Virginia Arechavala-Gomeza
- Nucleic Acid Therapeutics for Rare Disorders (NAT-RD), Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ling Peng
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille, UMR 7325, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Fatma Zehra Hapil
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Joshua Harvey
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Francisco G. Ortega
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Avenida de la Ilustración 114, 18016 Granada, Spain
- IBS Granada, Institute of Biomedical Research, Avenida de Madrid 15, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Coral Gonzalez-Martinez
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Avenida de la Ilustración 114, 18016 Granada, Spain
- IBS Granada, Institute of Biomedical Research, Avenida de Madrid 15, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Carsten W. Lederer
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Kasper Mikkelsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | - Nechama Kalter
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Manuel A.F.V. Gonçalves
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Julie Petersen
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Alejandro Garanto
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Human Genetics, Amalia Children’s Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Lluis Montoliu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcello Maresca
- Genome Engineering, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Stefan E. Seemann
- Center for Non-coding RNA in Technology and Health, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jan Gorodkin
- Center for Non-coding RNA in Technology and Health, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Loubna Mazini
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Technologic, Medical and Academic Park (TMAP), Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Rosario Sanchez
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Medicinal & Organic Chemistry and Excellence Research Unit of "Chemistry Applied to Biomedicine and the Environment," Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan R. Rodriguez-Madoz
- Cancer Center Clinica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cancer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Torella Laura
- DNA & RNA Medicine Division, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA) Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Michael Schmueck-Henneresse
- Berlin Institute for Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Cristina Maccalli
- Laboratory of Immune Biological Therapy, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, PO Box 26999, Doha, Qatar
| | - Julian Grünewald
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology, Angiology, Pneumology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine and Health, TranslaTUM, MIBE, Munich, Germany
- Center for Organoid Systems, Munich, Germany
| | - Gloria Carmona
- Red Andaluza de diseño y traslación de Terapias Avanzadas-RAdytTA, Fundación Pública Andaluza Progreso y Salud-FPS, Sevilla, España
| | | | - Annarita Miccio
- Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Chromatin and Gene Regulation During Development, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM UMR 1163, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Francisco Martin
- Bioquímica y Biología Molecular III e Immunology Department, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada and Department of Genomic Medicine, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), PTS, Av. de la Ilustración 114, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Giandomenico Turchiano
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Research and Teaching Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, WC1N 1EH London, UK
| | - Toni Cathomen
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yonglun Luo
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Shengdar Q. Tsai
- Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Karim Benabdellah
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), PTS, Av. de la Ilustración 114, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - on behalf of the COST Action CA21113
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Research and Teaching Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, WC1N 1EH London, UK
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIEMAT/CIBERER), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Advanced Therapies Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Integra Therapeutics S.L., Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Nucleic Acid Therapeutics for Rare Disorders (NAT-RD), Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille, UMR 7325, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 13288 Marseille, France
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Avenida de la Ilustración 114, 18016 Granada, Spain
- IBS Granada, Institute of Biomedical Research, Avenida de Madrid 15, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
- CasZyme, 10224 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Human Genetics, Amalia Children’s Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Genome Engineering, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Center for Non-coding RNA in Technology and Health, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Technologic, Medical and Academic Park (TMAP), Marrakech, Morocco
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Medicinal & Organic Chemistry and Excellence Research Unit of "Chemistry Applied to Biomedicine and the Environment," Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Cancer Center Clinica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cancer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- DNA & RNA Medicine Division, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA) Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Berlin Institute for Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Laboratory of Immune Biological Therapy, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, PO Box 26999, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology, Angiology, Pneumology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine and Health, TranslaTUM, MIBE, Munich, Germany
- Center for Organoid Systems, Munich, Germany
- Red Andaluza de diseño y traslación de Terapias Avanzadas-RAdytTA, Fundación Pública Andaluza Progreso y Salud-FPS, Sevilla, España
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
- Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Chromatin and Gene Regulation During Development, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM UMR 1163, 75015 Paris, France
- Bioquímica y Biología Molecular III e Immunology Department, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada and Department of Genomic Medicine, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), PTS, Av. de la Ilustración 114, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), PTS, Av. de la Ilustración 114, 18016 Granada, Spain
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Papaioannou NY, Patsali P, Naiisseh B, Papasavva PL, Koniali L, Kurita R, Nakamura Y, Christou S, Sitarou M, Mussolino C, Cathomen T, Kleanthous M, Lederer CW. High-efficiency editing in hematopoietic stem cells and the HUDEP-2 cell line based on in vitro mRNA synthesis. Front Genome Ed 2023; 5:1141618. [PMID: 36969374 PMCID: PMC10030607 DOI: 10.3389/fgeed.2023.1141618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Genome editing tools, such as CRISPR/Cas, TALE nucleases and, more recently, double-strand-break-independent editors, have been successfully used for gene therapy and reverse genetics. Among various challenges in the field, tolerable and efficient delivery of editors to target cells and sites, as well as independence from commercially available tools for flexibility and fast adoption of new editing technology are the most pressing. For many hematopoietic research applications, primary CD34+ cells and the human umbilical cord-derived progenitor erythroid 2 (HUDEP-2) cell line are highly informative substrates and readily accessible for in vitro manipulation. Moreover, ex vivo editing of CD34+ cells has immediate therapeutic relevance. Both cell types are sensitive to standard transfection procedures and reagents, such as lipofection with plasmid DNA, calling for more suitable methodology in order to achieve high efficiency and tolerability of editing with editors of choice. These challenges can be addressed by RNA delivery, either as a mixture of guide RNA and mRNA for CRISRP/Cas-based systems or as a mixture of mRNAs for TALENs. Compared to ribonucleoproteins or proteins, RNA as vector creates flexibility by removing dependence on commercial availability or laborious in-house preparations of novel editor proteins. Compared to DNA, RNA is less toxic and by obviating nuclear transcription and export of mRNA offers faster kinetics and higher editing efficiencies. Methods: Here, we detail an in vitro transcription protocol based on plasmid DNA templates with the addition of Anti-Reverse Cap Analog (ARCA) using T7 RNA polymerase, and poly (A) tailing using poly (A) polymerase, combined with nucleofection of HUDEP-2 and patient-derived CD34+ cells. Our protocol for RNA-based delivery employs widely available reagents and equipment and can easily be adopted for universal in vitro delivery of genome editing tools. Results and Discussion: Drawing on a common use case, we employ the protocol to target a β-globin mutation and to reactivate γ-globin expression as two potential therapies for β-hemoglobinopathies, followed by erythroid differentiation and functional analyses. Our protocol allows high editing efficiencies and unimpaired cell viability and differentiation, with scalability, suitability for functional assessment of editing outcomes and high flexibility in the application to different editors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikoletta Y. Papaioannou
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Petros Patsali
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Basma Naiisseh
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Panayiota L. Papasavva
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Lola Koniali
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Ryo Kurita
- Research and Development Department, Central Blood Institute, Blood Service Headquarters Japanese Red Cross Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukio Nakamura
- Cell Engineering Division, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Soteroula Christou
- Thalassaemia Centre, State Health Services Organisation of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Maria Sitarou
- Thalassaemia Centre, State Health Services Organisation of Cyprus, Larnaca, Cyprus
| | - Claudio Mussolino
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Toni Cathomen
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marina Kleanthous
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Carsten W. Lederer
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Drakopoulou E, Georgomanoli M, Lederer CW, Panetsos F, Kleanthous M, Voskaridou E, Valakos D, Papanikolaou E, Anagnou NP. The Optimized γ-Globin Lentiviral Vector GGHI-mB-3D Leads to Nearly Therapeutic HbF Levels In Vitro in CD34 + Cells from Sickle Cell Disease Patients. Viruses 2022; 14:v14122716. [PMID: 36560719 PMCID: PMC9783242 DOI: 10.3390/v14122716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that both the original γ-globin lentiviral vector (LV) GGHI and the optimized GGHI-mB-3D LV, carrying the novel regulatory elements of the 3D HPFH-1 enhancer and the 3' β-globin UTR, can significantly increase HbF production in thalassemic CD34+ cells and ameliorate the disease phenotype in vitro. In the present study, we investigated whether the GGHI-mB-3D vector can also exhibit an equally therapeutic effect, following the transduction of sickle cell disease (SCD) CD34+ cells at MOI 100, leading to HbF increase coupled with HbS decrease, and thus, to phenotype improvement in vitro. We show that GGHI-mB-3D LV can lead to high and potentially therapeutic HbF levels, reaching a mean 2-fold increase to a mean value of VCN/cell of 1.0 and a mean transduction efficiency of 55%. Furthermore, this increase was accompanied by a significant 1.6-fold HbS decrease, a beneficial therapeutic feature for SCD. In summary, our data demonstrate the efficacy of the optimized γ-globin lentiviral vector to improve the SCD phenotype in vitro, and highlights its potential use in future clinical SCD trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekati Drakopoulou
- Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, Centre of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 11527 Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Georgomanoli
- Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, Centre of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 11527 Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Carsten W. Lederer
- The Molecular Genetics Thalassemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, 2371 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - Marina Kleanthous
- The Molecular Genetics Thalassemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, 2371 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Ersi Voskaridou
- Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease Centre, Laiko General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Valakos
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Centre of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Papanikolaou
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Nicholas P. Anagnou
- Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, Centre of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 11527 Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence:
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5
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Kountouris P, Stephanou C, Lederer CW, Traeger‐Synodinos J, Bento C, Harteveld CL, Fylaktou E, Koopmann TT, Halim‐Fikri H, Michailidou K, Nfonsam LE, Waye JS, Zilfalil BA, Kleanthous M. Adapting the ACMG/AMP variant classification framework: A perspective from the ClinGen Hemoglobinopathy Variant Curation Expert Panel. Hum Mutat 2022; 43:1089-1096. [PMID: 34510646 PMCID: PMC9545675 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Accurate and consistent interpretation of sequence variants is integral to the delivery of safe and reliable diagnostic genetic services. To standardize the interpretation process, in 2015, the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) and the Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) published a joint guideline based on a set of shared standards for the classification of variants in Mendelian diseases. The generality of these standards and their subjective interpretation between laboratories has prompted efforts to reduce discordance of variant classifications, with a focus on the expert specification of the ACMG/AMP guidelines for individual genes or diseases. Herein, we describe our experience as a ClinGen Variant Curation Expert Panel to adapt the ACMG/AMP criteria for the classification of variants in three globin genes (HBB, HBA2, and HBA1) related to recessively inherited hemoglobinopathies, including five evidence categories, as use cases demonstrating the process of specification and the underlying rationale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros Kountouris
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia DepartmentThe Cyprus Institute of Neurology and GeneticsNicosiaCyprus,Cyprus School of Molecular MedicineNicosiaCyprus
| | - Coralea Stephanou
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia DepartmentThe Cyprus Institute of Neurology and GeneticsNicosiaCyprus
| | - Carsten W. Lederer
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia DepartmentThe Cyprus Institute of Neurology and GeneticsNicosiaCyprus,Cyprus School of Molecular MedicineNicosiaCyprus
| | - Joanne Traeger‐Synodinos
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, St. Sophia's Children's HospitalNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Celeste Bento
- Department of HaematologyCentro Hospitalar e Universitário de CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
| | - Cornelis L. Harteveld
- Department of Clinical Genetics/LDGALeiden University Medical CenterLeidenNetherlands
| | - Eirini Fylaktou
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, St. Sophia's Children's HospitalNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Tamara T. Koopmann
- Department of Clinical Genetics/LDGALeiden University Medical CenterLeidenNetherlands
| | | | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- Cyprus School of Molecular MedicineNicosiaCyprus,Biostatistics UnitThe Cyprus Institute of Neurology and GeneticsNicosiaCyprus
| | - Landry E. Nfonsam
- Hamilton Regional Laboratory Medicine ProgramHamilton Health SciencesHamiltonCanada,Department of Pathology and Molecular MedicineMcMaster UniversityHamiltonCanada
| | - John S. Waye
- Hamilton Regional Laboratory Medicine ProgramHamilton Health SciencesHamiltonCanada,Department of Pathology and Molecular MedicineMcMaster UniversityHamiltonCanada
| | | | - Marina Kleanthous
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia DepartmentThe Cyprus Institute of Neurology and GeneticsNicosiaCyprus,Cyprus School of Molecular MedicineNicosiaCyprus
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6
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Lederer CW, Koniali L, Buerki-Thurnherr T, Papasavva PL, La Grutta S, Licari A, Staud F, Bonifazi D, Kleanthous M. Catching Them Early: Framework Parameters and Progress for Prenatal and Childhood Application of Advanced Therapies. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14040793. [PMID: 35456627 PMCID: PMC9031205 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) are medicines for human use based on genes, cells or tissue engineering. After clear successes in adults, the nascent technology now sees increasing pediatric application. For many still untreatable disorders with pre- or perinatal onset, timely intervention is simply indispensable; thus, prenatal and pediatric applications of ATMPs hold great promise for curative treatments. Moreover, for most inherited disorders, early ATMP application may substantially improve efficiency, economy and accessibility compared with application in adults. Vindicating this notion, initial data for cell-based ATMPs show better cell yields, success rates and corrections of disease parameters for younger patients, in addition to reduced overall cell and vector requirements, illustrating that early application may resolve key obstacles to the widespread application of ATMPs for inherited disorders. Here, we provide a selective review of the latest ATMP developments for prenatal, perinatal and pediatric use, with special emphasis on its comparison with ATMPs for adults. Taken together, we provide a perspective on the enormous potential and key framework parameters of clinical prenatal and pediatric ATMP application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten W. Lederer
- The Molecular Genetics Thalassemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (L.K.); (P.L.P.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +357-22-392764
| | - Lola Koniali
- The Molecular Genetics Thalassemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (L.K.); (P.L.P.); (M.K.)
| | - Tina Buerki-Thurnherr
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland;
| | - Panayiota L. Papasavva
- The Molecular Genetics Thalassemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (L.K.); (P.L.P.); (M.K.)
| | - Stefania La Grutta
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, IFT National Research Council, 90146 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Amelia Licari
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Frantisek Staud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;
| | - Donato Bonifazi
- Consorzio per Valutazioni Biologiche e Farmacologiche (CVBF) and European Paediatric Translational Research Infrastructure (EPTRI), 70122 Bari, Italy;
| | - Marina Kleanthous
- The Molecular Genetics Thalassemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (L.K.); (P.L.P.); (M.K.)
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7
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Halim-Fikri BH, Lederer CW, Baig AA, Mat-Ghani SNA, Syed-Hassan SNRK, Yusof W, Abdul Rashid D, Azman NF, Fucharoen S, Panigoro R, Silao CLT, Viprakasit V, Jalil N, Mohd Yasin N, Bahar R, Selvaratnam V, Mohamad N, Nik Hassan NN, Esa E, Krause A, Robinson H, Hasler J, Stephanou C, Raja-Sabudin RZA, Elion J, El-Kamah G, Coviello D, Yusoff N, Abdul Latiff Z, Arnold C, Burn J, Kountouris P, Kleanthous M, Ramesar R, Zilfalil BA. Global Globin Network Consensus Paper: Classification and Stratified Roadmaps for Improved Thalassaemia Care and Prevention in 32 Countries. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12040552. [PMID: 35455667 PMCID: PMC9032232 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12040552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Global Globin Network (GGN) is a project-wide initiative of the Human Variome/Global Variome Project (HVP) focusing on haemoglobinopathies to build the capacity for genomic diagnosis, clinical services, and research in low- and middle-income countries. At present, there is no framework to evaluate the improvement of care, treatment, and prevention of thalassaemia and other haemoglobinopathies globally, despite thalassaemia being one of the most common monogenic diseases worldwide. Here, we propose a universally applicable system for evaluating and grouping countries based on qualitative indicators according to the quality of care, treatment, and prevention of haemoglobinopathies. We also apply this system to GGN countries as proof of principle. To this end, qualitative indicators were extracted from the IthaMaps database of the ITHANET portal, which allowed four groups of countries (A, B, C, and D) to be defined based on major qualitative indicators, supported by minor qualitative indicators for countries with limited resource settings and by the overall haemoglobinopathy carrier frequency for the target countries of immigration. The proposed rubrics and accumulative scores will help analyse the performance and improvement of care, treatment, and prevention of haemoglobinopathies in the GGN and beyond. Our proposed criteria complement future data collection from GGN countries to help monitor the quality of services for haemoglobinopathies, provide ongoing estimates for services and epidemiology in GGN countries, and note the contribution of the GGN to a local and global reduction of disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Hashim Halim-Fikri
- Malaysian Node of the Human Variome Project Secretariat, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (B.H.H.-F.); (S.-N.R.-K.S.-H.); (W.Y.)
| | - Carsten W. Lederer
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, 6 Iroon Avenue, Ayios Dometios, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (C.W.L.); (C.S.); (P.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Atif Amin Baig
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu 20400, Terengganu, Malaysia;
| | - Siti Nor Assyuhada Mat-Ghani
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (S.N.A.M.-G.); (N.N.N.H.)
| | - Sharifah-Nany Rahayu-Karmilla Syed-Hassan
- Malaysian Node of the Human Variome Project Secretariat, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (B.H.H.-F.); (S.-N.R.-K.S.-H.); (W.Y.)
| | - Wardah Yusof
- Malaysian Node of the Human Variome Project Secretariat, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (B.H.H.-F.); (S.-N.R.-K.S.-H.); (W.Y.)
| | - Diana Abdul Rashid
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (D.A.R.); (N.F.A.); (N.M.)
| | - Nurul Fatihah Azman
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (D.A.R.); (N.F.A.); (N.M.)
| | - Suthat Fucharoen
- Thalassemia Research Centre, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhom Pathom 73170, Thailand;
| | - Ramdan Panigoro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Medical Genetics Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40161, Indonesia;
| | - Catherine Lynn T. Silao
- Institute of Human Genetics, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines, Manila 1000, Philippines;
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Vip Viprakasit
- Department of Paediatrics & Thalassaemia Centre, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand;
| | - Norunaluwar Jalil
- UKM Specialist Children’s Hospital, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
| | - Norafiza Mohd Yasin
- Haematology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, No. 1, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, Bandar Setia Alam, Shah Alam 40170, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; (N.M.Y.); (E.E.)
| | - Rosnah Bahar
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia;
| | - Veena Selvaratnam
- Hospital Ampang, Jalan Mewah Utara, Taman Pandan Mewah, Ampang Jaya 68000, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Norsarwany Mohamad
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (D.A.R.); (N.F.A.); (N.M.)
| | - Nik Norliza Nik Hassan
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (S.N.A.M.-G.); (N.N.N.H.)
| | - Ezalia Esa
- Haematology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, No. 1, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, Bandar Setia Alam, Shah Alam 40170, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; (N.M.Y.); (E.E.)
| | - Amanda Krause
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) and School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of the Witwatersrand, Watkins Pitchford Building, NHLS Braamfontein, Cnr Hospital and De Korte St, Hillbrow, P.O. Box 1038, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa;
| | - Helen Robinson
- Nossal Institute for Global Health, MDDHS, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - Julia Hasler
- Global Variome, Institute of Genetic Medicine, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK;
| | - Coralea Stephanou
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, 6 Iroon Avenue, Ayios Dometios, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (C.W.L.); (C.S.); (P.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Raja-Zahratul-Azma Raja-Sabudin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
| | - Jacques Elion
- Medical School, Université Paris Diderot, 75018 Paris, France;
| | - Ghada El-Kamah
- Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt;
| | - Domenico Coviello
- Laboratorio di Genetica Umana, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Largo Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16147 Genova, Italy;
| | - Narazah Yusoff
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas 13200, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia;
| | - Zarina Abdul Latiff
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
| | - Chris Arnold
- BioGrid Australia, Hodgson Associates, 4 Hodgson St., Kew, Melbourne, VIC 3101, Australia;
| | - John Burn
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, International Centre for Life Times Square, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK;
| | - Petros Kountouris
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, 6 Iroon Avenue, Ayios Dometios, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (C.W.L.); (C.S.); (P.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Marina Kleanthous
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, 6 Iroon Avenue, Ayios Dometios, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (C.W.L.); (C.S.); (P.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Raj Ramesar
- Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town City of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa;
| | - Bin Alwi Zilfalil
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +60-9767-6531
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8
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Papasavva PL, Patsali P, Loucari CC, Kurita R, Nakamura Y, Kleanthous M, Lederer CW. CRISPR Editing Enables Consequential Tag-Activated MicroRNA-Mediated Endogene Deactivation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1082. [PMID: 35163006 PMCID: PMC8834719 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular therapies and functional studies greatly benefit from spatial and temporal precision of genetic intervention. We therefore conceived and explored tag-activated microRNA (miRNA)-mediated endogene deactivation (TAMED) as a research tool and potential lineage-specific therapy. For proof of principle, we aimed to deactivate γ-globin repressor BCL11A in erythroid cells by tagging the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of BCL11A with miRNA recognition sites (MRSs) for the abundant erythromiR miR-451a. To this end, we employed nucleofection of CRISPR/Cas9 ribonucleoprotein (RNP) particles alongside double- or single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotides for, respectively, non-homologous-end-joining (NHEJ)- or homology-directed-repair (HDR)-mediated MRS insertion. NHEJ-based tagging was imprecise and inefficient (≤6%) and uniformly produced knock-in- and indel-containing MRS tags, whereas HDR-based tagging was more efficient (≤18%), but toxic for longer donors encoding concatenated and thus potentially more efficient MRS tags. Isolation of clones for robust HEK293T cells tagged with a homozygous quadruple MRS resulted in 25% spontaneous reduction in BCL11A and up to 36% reduction after transfection with an miR-451a mimic. Isolation of clones for human umbilical cord blood-derived erythroid progenitor-2 (HUDEP-2) cells tagged with single or double MRS allowed detection of albeit weak γ-globin induction. Our study demonstrates suitability of TAMED for physiologically relevant modulation of gene expression and its unsuitability for therapeutic application in its current form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panayiota L. Papasavva
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (P.L.P.); (P.P.); (C.C.L.); (M.K.)
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
| | - Petros Patsali
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (P.L.P.); (P.P.); (C.C.L.); (M.K.)
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
| | - Constantinos C. Loucari
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (P.L.P.); (P.P.); (C.C.L.); (M.K.)
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
| | - Ryo Kurita
- Research and Development Department, Central Blood Institute, Blood Service Headquarters, Japanese Red Cross Society, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8521, Japan;
| | - Yukio Nakamura
- Cell Engineering Division, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba 305-0074, Japan;
| | - Marina Kleanthous
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (P.L.P.); (P.P.); (C.C.L.); (M.K.)
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
| | - Carsten W. Lederer
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (P.L.P.); (P.P.); (C.C.L.); (M.K.)
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
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9
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Abstract
Accessibility of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) for the manipulation and repopulation of the blood and immune systems has placed them at the forefront of cell and gene therapy development. Recent advances in genome-editing tools, in particular for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) and CRISPR/Cas-derived editing systems, have transformed the gene therapy landscape. Their versatility and the ability to edit genomic sequences and facilitate gene disruption, correction or insertion, have broadened the spectrum of potential gene therapy targets and accelerated the development of potential curative therapies for many rare diseases treatable by transplantation or modification of HSCs. Ongoing developments seek to address efficiency and precision of HSC modification, tolerability of treatment and the distribution and affordability of corresponding therapies. Here, we give an overview of recent progress in the field of HSC genome editing as treatment for inherited disorders and summarize the most significant findings from corresponding preclinical and clinical studies. With emphasis on HSC-based therapies, we also discuss technical hurdles that need to be overcome en route to clinical translation of genome editing and indicate advances that may facilitate routine application beyond the most common disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lola Koniali
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (L.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Carsten W. Lederer
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (L.K.); (M.K.)
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
| | - Marina Kleanthous
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (L.K.); (M.K.)
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
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10
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Nanou A, Toumpeki C, Fanis P, Bianchi N, Cosenza LC, Zuccato C, Sentis G, Giagkas G, Stephanou C, Phylactides M, Christou S, Hadjigavriel M, Sitarou M, Lederer CW, Gambari R, Kleanthous M, Katsantoni E. Sex-specific transcriptional profiles identified in β-thalassemia patients. Haematologica 2021; 106:1207-1211. [PMID: 32817281 PMCID: PMC8018115 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2020.248013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Nanou
- Basic Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Chrisavgi Toumpeki
- Basic Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Pavlos Fanis
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia
| | - Nicoletta Bianchi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Zuccato
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, Ferrara, Italy
| | - George Sentis
- Basic Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Giorgos Giagkas
- Basic Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Coralea Stephanou
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia
| | - Marios Phylactides
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia
| | | | | | - Maria Sitarou
- Thalassemia Clinic Larnaca, Larnaca General Hospital, Larnaca, Cyprus
| | - Carsten W Lederer
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia
| | - Roberto Gambari
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marina Kleanthous
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia
| | - Eleni Katsantoni
- Basic Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
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11
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Papasavva PL, Papaioannou NY, Patsali P, Kurita R, Nakamura Y, Sitarou M, Christou S, Kleanthous M, Lederer CW. Distinct miRNA Signatures and Networks Discern Fetal from Adult Erythroid Differentiation and Primary from Immortalized Erythroid Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3626. [PMID: 33807258 PMCID: PMC8037168 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs crucial for post-transcriptional and translational regulation of cellular and developmental pathways. The study of miRNAs in erythropoiesis elucidates underlying regulatory mechanisms and facilitates related diagnostic and therapy development. Here, we used DNA Nanoball (DNB) small RNA sequencing to comprehensively characterize miRNAs in human erythroid cell cultures. Based on primary human peripheral-blood-derived CD34+ (hCD34+) cells and two influential erythroid cell lines with adult and fetal hemoglobin expression patterns, HUDEP-2 and HUDEP-1, respectively, our study links differential miRNA expression to erythroid differentiation, cell type, and hemoglobin expression profile. Sequencing results validated by reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) of selected miRNAs indicate shared differentiation signatures in primary and immortalized cells, characterized by reduced overall miRNA expression and reciprocal expression increases for individual lineage-specific miRNAs in late-stage erythropoiesis. Despite the high similarity of same-stage hCD34+ and HUDEP-2 cells, differential expression of several miRNAs highlighted informative discrepancies between both cell types. Moreover, a comparison between HUDEP-2 and HUDEP-1 cells displayed changes in miRNAs, transcription factors (TFs), target genes, and pathways associated with globin switching. In resulting TF-miRNA co-regulatory networks, major therapeutically relevant regulators of globin expression were targeted by many co-expressed miRNAs, outlining intricate combinatorial miRNA regulation of globin expression in erythroid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panayiota L. Papasavva
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (P.L.P.); (N.Y.P.); (P.P.); (M.K.)
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
| | - Nikoletta Y. Papaioannou
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (P.L.P.); (N.Y.P.); (P.P.); (M.K.)
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
| | - Petros Patsali
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (P.L.P.); (N.Y.P.); (P.P.); (M.K.)
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
| | - Ryo Kurita
- Cell Engineering Division, RIKEN BioResource Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan; (R.K.); (Y.N.)
| | - Yukio Nakamura
- Cell Engineering Division, RIKEN BioResource Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan; (R.K.); (Y.N.)
| | - Maria Sitarou
- Thalassemia Clinic Larnaca, Larnaca General Hospital, Larnaca 6301, Cyprus;
| | - Soteroulla Christou
- Thalassemia Clinic Nicosia, Archbishop Makarios III Hospital, Nicosia 1474, Cyprus;
| | - Marina Kleanthous
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (P.L.P.); (N.Y.P.); (P.P.); (M.K.)
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
| | - Carsten W. Lederer
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (P.L.P.); (N.Y.P.); (P.P.); (M.K.)
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
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12
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Patsali P, Papasavva P, Christou S, Sitarou M, Antoniou MN, Lederer CW, Kleanthous M. Relative and Absolute Quantification of Aberrant and Normal Splice Variants in HBBIVSI-110 (G > A) β-Thalassemia. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6671. [PMID: 32933098 PMCID: PMC7555009 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The β-thalassemias are an increasing challenge to health systems worldwide, caused by absent or reduced β-globin (HBB) production. Of particular frequency in many Western countries is HBBIVSI-110(G > A) β-thalassemia (HGVS name: HBB:c.93-21G > A). Its underlying mutation creates an abnormal splice acceptor site in the HBB gene, and while partially retaining normal splicing of HBB, it severely reduces HBB protein expression from the mutant locus and HBB loci in trans. For the assessment of the underlying mechanisms and of therapies targeting β-thalassemia, accurate quantification of aberrant and normal HBB mRNA is essential, but to date, has only been performed by approximate methods. To address this shortcoming, we have developed an accurate, duplex reverse-transcription quantitative PCR assay for the assessment of the ratio and absolute quantities of normal and aberrant mRNA species as a tool for basic and translational research of HBBIVSI-110(G > A) β-thalassemia. The method was employed here to determine mRNA ratios and quantities in blood and primary cell culture samples and correlate them with HBB protein levels. Moreover, with its immediate utility for β-thalassemia and the mutation in hand, the approach can readily be adopted for analysis of alternative splicing or for quantitative assays of any disease-causing mutation that interferes with normal splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros Patsali
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 1683, Cyprus; (P.P.); (P.P.); (M.K.)
| | - Panayiota Papasavva
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 1683, Cyprus; (P.P.); (P.P.); (M.K.)
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia 1683, Cyprus
| | | | - Maria Sitarou
- Thalassaemia Clinic Larnaca, Ministry of Health, Larnaca 6301, Cyprus;
| | - Michael N. Antoniou
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK;
| | - Carsten W. Lederer
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 1683, Cyprus; (P.P.); (P.P.); (M.K.)
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia 1683, Cyprus
| | - Marina Kleanthous
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 1683, Cyprus; (P.P.); (P.P.); (M.K.)
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia 1683, Cyprus
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13
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Charitou G, Tsertos C, Parpottas Y, Kleanthous M, Lederer CW, Phylactides M. Study of iron complexes in visceral organs and brain from a 57Fe enriched β-thalassaemia mouse model via Mössbauer spectroscopy. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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14
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Christodoulou A, Maimaris G, Makrigiorgi A, Charidemou E, Lüchtenborg C, Ververis A, Georgiou R, Lederer CW, Haffner C, Brügger B, Santama N. TMEM147 interacts with lamin B receptor, regulates its localization and levels, and affects cholesterol homeostasis. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs245357. [PMID: 32694168 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.245357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The structurally and functionally complex endoplasmic reticulum (ER) hosts critical processes including lipid synthesis. Here, we focus on the functional characterization of transmembrane protein TMEM147, and report that it localizes at the ER and nuclear envelope in HeLa cells. Silencing of TMEM147 drastically reduces the level of lamin B receptor (LBR) at the inner nuclear membrane and results in mistargeting of LBR to the ER. LBR possesses a modular structure and corresponding bifunctionality, acting in heterochromatin organization via its N-terminus and in cholesterol biosynthesis via its sterol-reductase C-terminal domain. We show that TMEM147 physically interacts with LBR, and that the C-terminus of LBR is essential for their functional interaction. We find that TMEM147 also physically interacts with the key sterol reductase DHCR7, which is involved in cholesterol biosynthesis. Similar to what was seen for LBR, TMEM147 downregulation results in a sharp decline of DHCR protein levels and co-ordinate transcriptional decreases of LBR and DHCR7 expression. Consistent with this, lipidomic analysis upon TMEM147 silencing identified changes in cellular cholesterol levels, cholesteryl ester levels and profile, and in cellular cholesterol uptake, raising the possibility that TMEM147 is an important new regulator of cholesterol homeostasis in cells.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andri Christodoulou
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Giannis Maimaris
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Andri Makrigiorgi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Evelina Charidemou
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - Antonis Ververis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Renos Georgiou
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Carsten W Lederer
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia and Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, 1683 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Christof Haffner
- Institute of Stroke and Dementia Research, University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Britta Brügger
- Biochemistry Center (BZH), University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Niovi Santama
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralea Stephanou
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Petros Kountouris
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Carsten W. Lederer
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Marina Kleanthous
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
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16
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Lederer CW, Patsali P, Mussolino C, Turchiano G, Papasavva P, Romito M, Stephanou C, Cornu TI, Kolnagou A, Christou S, Sitarou M, Antoniou MN, Cathomen T, Kleanthous M. Gene Therapy Getting Personal: Mutation-Specific Editing and Gene Addition Strategies for β-Thalassaemia. Hemoglobin 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/03630269.2020.1719599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carsten W. Lederer
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Petros Patsali
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Claudio Mussolino
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Giandomenico Turchiano
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Panayiota Papasavva
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Marianna Romito
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Coralea Stephanou
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Tatjana I. Cornu
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Annita Kolnagou
- Thalassaemia Clinic Paphos, Paphos General Hospital, Paphos, Cyprus
| | - Soteroula Christou
- Thalassaemia Clinic Nicosia, Archbishop Makarios III Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Maria Sitarou
- Thalassaemia Clinic Larnaca, Larnaca General Hospital, Larnaca, Cyprus
| | - Mike N. Antoniou
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Toni Cathomen
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marina Kleanthous
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
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17
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Kountouris P, Stephanou C, Lederer CW, Tamana S, Minaidou A, Xenophontos M, Angastiniotis M, Eleftheriou A, Zilfalil BA, Ramesar RS, Elion J, Robinson HM, Kleanthous M. The ITHANET-Human Variome Project: Moving Functional Annotation Forward. Hemoglobin 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/03630269.2020.1719591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Petros Kountouris
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Coralea Stephanou
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Carsten W. Lederer
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Stella Tamana
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Anna Minaidou
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Maria Xenophontos
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | | | - Bin Alwi Zilfalil
- School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Raj S. Ramesar
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jacques Elion
- Paris Diderot University Medical School, Paris, France
| | - Helen M. Robinson
- Human Variome Project International Coordinating Office, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Marina Kleanthous
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
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18
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Stephanou C, Kountouris P, Tamana S, Minaidou A, Lederer CW, Kleanthous M. ITHANET: An Information and Database Community Portal for Hemoglobinopathies. Hemoglobin 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/03630269.2020.1717757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Coralea Stephanou
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Petros Kountouris
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Stella Tamana
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Anna Minaidou
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Carsten W. Lederer
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Marina Kleanthous
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
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19
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Kyriakou K, W. Lederer C, Kleanthous M, Drousiotou A, Malekkou A. Acid Ceramidase Depletion Impairs Neuronal Survival and Induces Morphological Defects in Neurites Associated with Altered Gene Transcription and Sphingolipid Content. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1607. [PMID: 32111095 PMCID: PMC7084529 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The ASAH1 gene encodes acid ceramidase (AC), an enzyme that is implicated in the metabolism of ceramide (Cer). Mutations in the ASAH1 gene cause two different disorders, Farber disease (FD), a rare lysosomal storage disorder, and a rare form of spinal muscular atrophy combined with progressive myoclonic epilepsy (SMA-PME). In the absence of human in vitro neuronal disease models and to gain mechanistic insights into pathological effects of ASAH1 deficiency, we established and characterized a stable ASAH1 knockdown (ASAH1KD) SH-SY5Y cell line. ASAH1KD cells displayed reduced proliferation due to elevated apoptosis and G1/S cell cycle arrest. Distribution of LAMP1-positive lysosomes towards the cell periphery and significantly shortened and less branched neurites upon differentiation, implicate AC for lysosome positioning and neuronal development, respectively. Lipidomic analysis revealed changes in the intracellular levels of distinct sphingolipid species, importantly without Cer accumulation, in line with altered gene transcription within the sphingolipid pathway. Additionally, the transcript levels for Rho GTPases (RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42), which are key regulators of axonal orientation, neurite branching and lysosome positioning were found to be dysregulated. This study shows the critical role of AC in neurons and suggests how AC depletion leads to defects seen in neuropathology of SMA-PME and FD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalia Kyriakou
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, P.O. Box 23462, 1683 Nicosia, Cyprus; (K.K.); (C.W.L.); (M.K.); (A.D.)
- Biochemical Genetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, P.O. Box 23462, 1683 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Carsten W. Lederer
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, P.O. Box 23462, 1683 Nicosia, Cyprus; (K.K.); (C.W.L.); (M.K.); (A.D.)
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, P.O. Box 23462, 1683 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Marina Kleanthous
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, P.O. Box 23462, 1683 Nicosia, Cyprus; (K.K.); (C.W.L.); (M.K.); (A.D.)
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, P.O. Box 23462, 1683 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Anthi Drousiotou
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, P.O. Box 23462, 1683 Nicosia, Cyprus; (K.K.); (C.W.L.); (M.K.); (A.D.)
- Biochemical Genetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, P.O. Box 23462, 1683 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Anna Malekkou
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, P.O. Box 23462, 1683 Nicosia, Cyprus; (K.K.); (C.W.L.); (M.K.); (A.D.)
- Biochemical Genetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, P.O. Box 23462, 1683 Nicosia, Cyprus
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20
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Bento C, Kountouris P, Stephanou C, Lederer CW, Kleanthous M. Variant Scoring Based on ClinGen Tools and Hemoglobinopathy-Specific Criteria. Hemoglobin 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/03630269.2020.1719589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Celeste Bento
- Haematology Department, Central Hospital and University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health (CIAS), Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Petros Kountouris
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Coralea Stephanou
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Carsten W. Lederer
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Marina Kleanthous
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
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21
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Charitou G, Tsertos C, Parpottas Y, Kleanthous M, Lederer CW, Phylactides M. 57Fe enrichment in mice for β-thalassaemia studies via Mössbauer spectroscopy of blood samples. Eur Biophys J 2019; 48:635-643. [PMID: 31302726 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-019-01389-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, wild-type and heterozygous β-thalassaemic mice were enriched with 57Fe via gastrointestinal absorption to characterize in greater detail the iron complexes then identifiable via Mössbauer spectroscopy. The 57Fe enrichment method was validated and Mössbauer spectra were obtained at 80 K from blood samples from wild-type and β-thalassaemic mice at 1, 3, 6, and 9 months of age. As expected, the haemoglobin levels of the thalassaemic mice were lower than from normal mice, indicating anaemia. Furthermore, significant amounts of ferritin-like iron were observed in the thalassaemic mice samples, which decreased with mouse age, reflecting the pattern of reticulocyte count reduction reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Charitou
- Department of Physics, University of Cyprus, 1678, Nicosia, Cyprus.
| | | | - Yannis Parpottas
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Frederick University, 1036, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Marina Kleanthous
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, 1683, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Carsten W Lederer
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, 1683, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Marios Phylactides
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, 1683, Nicosia, Cyprus
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22
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Abstract
Rare diseases pose a global challenge, in that their collective impact on health systems is considerable, whereas their individually rare occurrence impedes research and development of efficient therapies. In consequence, patients and their families are often unable to find an expert for their affliction, let alone a cure. The tide is turning as pharmaceutical companies embrace gene therapy development and as serviceable tools for the repair of primary mutations separate the ability to create cures from underlying disease expertise. Whereas gene therapy by gene addition took decades to reach the clinic by incremental disease-specific refinements of vectors and methods, gene therapy by genome editing in its basic form merely requires certainty about the causative mutation. Suddenly we move from concept to trial in 3 years instead of 30: therapy development in the fast lane, with all the positive and negative implications of the phrase. Since their first application to eukaryotic cells in 2013, the proliferation and refinement in particular of tools based on clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) prokaryotic RNA-guided nucleases has prompted a landslide of therapy-development studies for rare diseases. An estimated thousands of orphan diseases are up for adoption, and legislative, entrepreneurial, and research initiatives may finally conspire to find many of them a good home. Here we summarize the most significant recent achievements and remaining hurdles in the application of CRISPR/Cas technology to rare diseases and take a glimpse at the exciting road ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panayiota Papasavva
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine and The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, 6 International Airport Avenue, 1683, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Marina Kleanthous
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine and The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, 6 International Airport Avenue, 1683, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Carsten W Lederer
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine and The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, 6 International Airport Avenue, 1683, Nicosia, Cyprus.
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23
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Patsali P, Turchiano G, Papasavva P, Romito M, Loucari CC, Stephanou C, Christou S, Sitarou M, Mussolino C, Cornu TI, Antoniou MN, Lederer CW, Cathomen T, Kleanthous M. Correction of IVS I-110(G>A) β-thalassemia by CRISPR/Cas-and TALEN-mediated disruption of aberrant regulatory elements in human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Haematologica 2019; 104:e497-e501. [PMID: 31004018 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.215178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Petros Patsali
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Giandomenico Turchiano
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Panayiota Papasavva
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus.,Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Marianna Romito
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Constantinos C Loucari
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus.,Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Coralea Stephanou
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Maria Sitarou
- Thalassemia Center, Cyprus Ministry of Health, Cyprus
| | - Claudio Mussolino
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tatjana I Cornu
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael N Antoniou
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Carsten W Lederer
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus .,Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Toni Cathomen
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany .,Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marina Kleanthous
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus .,Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Abstract
Designer nucleases are versatile tools for genome modification and therapy development and have gained widespread accessibility with the advent of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) technology. Prokaryotic RNA-guided nucleases of CRISPR/Cas type, since first being adopted as editing tools in eukaryotic cells, have experienced rapid uptake and development. Diverse modes of delivery by viral and non-viral vectors and ongoing discovery and engineering of new CRISPR/Cas-type tools with alternative target site requirements, cleavage patterns and DNA- or RNA-specific action continue to expand the versatility of this family of nucleases. CRISPR/Cas-based molecules may also act without double-strand breaks as DNA base editors or even without single-stranded cleavage, be it as epigenetic regulators, transcription factors or RNA base editors, with further scope for discovery and development. For many potential therapeutic applications of CRISPR/Cas-type molecules and their derivatives, efficiencies still need to be improved and safety issues addressed, including those of preexisting immunity against Cas molecules, off-target activity and recombination and sequence alterations relating to double-strand-break events. This review gives a concise overview of current CRISPR/Cas tools, applications, concerns and trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros Patsali
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, 6 International Airport Avenue, 1683, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Marina Kleanthous
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, 6 International Airport Avenue, 1683, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Carsten W Lederer
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, 6 International Airport Avenue, 1683, Nicosia, Cyprus.
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus.
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Drakopoulou E, Georgomanoli M, Lederer CW, Kleanthous M, Costa C, Bernadin O, Cosset FL, Voskaridou E, Verhoeyen E, Papanikolaou E, Anagnou NP. A Novel BaEVRless-Pseudotyped γ-Globin Lentiviral Vector Drives High and Stable Fetal Hemoglobin Expression and Improves Thalassemic Erythropoiesis In Vitro. Hum Gene Ther 2019; 30:601-617. [PMID: 30324804 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2018.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It has previously been demonstrated that the self-inactivating γ-globin lentiviral vector GGHI can significantly increase fetal hemoglobin (HbF) in erythroid cells from thalassemia patients and thus improve the disease phenotype in vitro. In the present study, the GGHI vector was improved further by incorporating novel enhancer elements and also pseudotyping it with the baboon endogenous virus envelope glycoprotein BaEVRless, which efficiently and specifically targets human CD34+ cells. We evaluated the hypothesis that the newly constructed vector designated as GGHI-mB-3D would increase hCD34+ cell tropism and thus transduction efficiency at low multiplicity of infection, leading to increased transgene expression. High and stable HbF expression was demonstrated in thalassemic cells for the resulting GGHI-mB-3D/BaEVRless vector, exhibiting increased transduction efficiency compared to the original GGHI-mB-3D/VSVG vector, with a concomitant 91% mean HbF increase at a mean vector copy number per cell of 0.86 and a mean transduction efficiency of 56.4%. Transduced populations also exhibited a trend toward late erythroid, orthochromatic differentiation and reduced apoptosis, a further indication of successful gene therapy treatment. Monitoring expression of ATG5, a key link between autophagy and apoptosis, it was established that this correction correlates with a reduction of enhanced autophagy activation, a typical feature of thalassemic polychromatophilic normoblasts. This work provides novel mechanistic insights into gene therapy-mediated correction of erythropoiesis and demonstrates the beneficial role of BaEVRless envelope glycoprotein compared to VSVG pseudotyping and of the novel GGHI-mB-3D/BaEVRless lentiviral vector for enhanced thalassemia gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekati Drakopoulou
- 1 Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, Centre for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece.,2 Laboratory of Biology, University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Georgomanoli
- 1 Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, Centre for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece.,2 Laboratory of Biology, University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Carsten W Lederer
- 3 Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus.,4 Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Marina Kleanthous
- 3 Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus.,4 Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Caroline Costa
- 5 CIRI-International Center for Infectiology Research, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Ornellie Bernadin
- 5 CIRI-International Center for Infectiology Research, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - François-Loïc Cosset
- 5 CIRI-International Center for Infectiology Research, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Ersi Voskaridou
- 6 Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease Centre, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Els Verhoeyen
- 5 CIRI-International Center for Infectiology Research, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France.,7 Inserm, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Equipe Contrôle Métabolique des Morts Cellulaires, Nice, France
| | - Eleni Papanikolaou
- 1 Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, Centre for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece.,2 Laboratory of Biology, University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Nicholas P Anagnou
- 1 Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, Centre for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece.,2 Laboratory of Biology, University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
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Patsali P, Papasavva P, Stephanou C, Christou S, Sitarou M, Antoniou MN, Lederer CW, Kleanthous M. Short-hairpin RNA against aberrant HBBIVSI-110(G>A) mRNA restores β-globin levels in a novel cell model and acts as mono- and combination therapy for β-thalassemia in primary hematopoietic stem cells. Haematologica 2018; 103:e419-e423. [PMID: 29700171 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.189357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Petros Patsali
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, UK
| | - Panayiota Papasavva
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus.,Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Coralea Stephanou
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Carsten W Lederer
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus .,Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Marina Kleanthous
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus.,Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
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27
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Loucari CC, Patsali P, van Dijk TB, Stephanou C, Papasavva P, Zanti M, Kurita R, Nakamura Y, Christou S, Sitarou M, Philipsen S, Lederer CW, Kleanthous M. Rapid and Sensitive Assessment of Globin Chains for Gene and Cell Therapy of Hemoglobinopathies. Hum Gene Ther Methods 2018; 29:60-74. [PMID: 29325430 PMCID: PMC5806072 DOI: 10.1089/hgtb.2017.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The β-hemoglobinopathies sickle cell anemia and β-thalassemia are the focus of many gene-therapy studies. A key disease parameter is the abundance of globin chains because it indicates the level of anemia, likely toxicity of excess or aberrant globins, and therapeutic potential of induced or exogenous β-like globins. Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) allows versatile and inexpensive globin quantification, but commonly applied protocols suffer from long run times, high sample requirements, or inability to separate murine from human β-globin chains. The latter point is problematic for in vivo studies with gene-addition vectors in murine disease models and mouse/human chimeras. This study demonstrates HPLC-based measurements of globin expression (1) after differentiation of the commonly applied human umbilical cord blood-derived erythroid progenitor-2 cell line, (2) in erythroid progeny of CD34+ cells for the analysis of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas9-mediated disruption of the globin regulator BCL11A, and (3) of transgenic mice holding the human β-globin locus. At run times of 8 min for separation of murine and human β-globin chains as well as of human γ-globin chains, and with routine measurement of globin-chain ratios for 12 nL of blood (tested for down to 0.75 nL) or of 300,000 in vitro differentiated cells, the methods presented here and any variant-specific adaptations thereof will greatly facilitate evaluation of novel therapy applications for β-hemoglobinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantinos C. Loucari
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Petros Patsali
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Thamar B. van Dijk
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Cell Biology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Coralea Stephanou
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Panayiota Papasavva
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Maria Zanti
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Ryo Kurita
- Cell Engineering Division, RIKEN BioResource Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yukio Nakamura
- Cell Engineering Division, RIKEN BioResource Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | | | - Sjaak Philipsen
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Cell Biology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carsten W. Lederer
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Marina Kleanthous
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Stephanou C, Papasavva P, Zachariou M, Patsali P, Epitropou M, Ladas P, Al-Abdulla R, Christou S, Antoniou MN, Lederer CW, Kleanthous M. Suitability of small diagnostic peripheral-blood samples for cell-therapy studies. Cytotherapy 2017; 19:311-326. [PMID: 28088294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Primary hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are key components of cell-based therapies for blood disorders and are thus the authentic substrate for related research. We propose that ubiquitous small-volume diagnostic samples represent a readily available and as yet untapped resource of primary patient-derived cells for cell- and gene-therapy studies. METHODS In the present study we compare isolation and storage methods for HSPCs from normal and thalassemic small-volume blood samples, considering genotype, density-gradient versus lysis-based cell isolation and cryostorage media with different serum contents. Downstream analyses include viability, recovery, differentiation in semi-solid media and performance in liquid cultures and viral transductions. RESULTS We demonstrate that HSPCs isolated either by ammonium-chloride potassium (ACK)-based lysis or by gradient isolation are suitable for functional analyses in clonogenic assays, high-level HSPC expansion and efficient lentiviral transduction. For cryostorage of cells, gradient isolation is superior to ACK lysis, and cryostorage in freezing media containing 50% fetal bovine serum demonstrated good results across all tested criteria. For assays on freshly isolated cells, ACK lysis performed similar to, and for thalassemic samples better than, gradient isolation, at a fraction of the cost and hands-on time. All isolation and storage methods show considerable variation within sample groups, but this is particularly acute for density gradient isolation of thalassemic samples. DISCUSSION This study demonstrates the suitability of small-volume blood samples for storage and preclinical studies, opening up the research field of HSPC and gene therapy to any blood diagnostic laboratory with corresponding bioethics approval for experimental use of surplus material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralea Stephanou
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus; Gene Expression and Therapy Group, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Panayiota Papasavva
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus; Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Myria Zachariou
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Petros Patsali
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus; Gene Expression and Therapy Group, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Marilena Epitropou
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Petros Ladas
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Ruba Al-Abdulla
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Soteroulla Christou
- Thalassaemia Centre, Ministry of Health, Archbishop Makarios III Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Michael N Antoniou
- Gene Expression and Therapy Group, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Carsten W Lederer
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus; Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus.
| | - Marina Kleanthous
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus; Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Lederer CW, Pavlou E, Tanteles GA, Evangelidou P, Sismani C, Kolnagou A, Sitarou M, Christou S, Hadjigavriel M, Kleanthous M. Hb A 2 Episkopi - a novel δ-globin chain variant [HBD:c.428C>T] in a family of mixed Cypriot-Lebanese descent. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 22:304-309. [PMID: 28007020 DOI: 10.1080/10245332.2016.1265043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Thalassaemia is a potentially lethal inherited anaemia, caused by reduced or absent synthesis of globin chains. Measurement of the minor adult haemoglobin Hb A2, combining α- with δ-globin, is critical for the routine diagnosis of carrier status for α- or β-thalassaemia. Here, we aim to characterize a novel δ-globin variant, Hb A2 Episkopi, in a single family of mixed Lebanese and Cypriot ancestry with mild hypochromic anaemia and otherwise normal globin genotype, which also presents with a coincidental 0.78-Mb sequence duplication on chromosome 1 (1q44) and developmental abnormalities. METHODS Analyses included comprehensive haematological analyses, cation-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography (CE-HPLC), cellulose acetate electrophoresis (CAE), Sanger sequencing and structure-based stability predictions for Hb A2 Episkopi. RESULTS The GCT > GTT missense mutation, underlying Hb A2 Episkopi, HBD:c.428C > T, introduces a cd142 codon change in the mature protein, resulting in reduced normal Hb A2 amounts and a novel, less abundant Hb A2 variant (HGVS: HBD:p.A143V), detectable as a delayed peak by CE-HPLC. The latter was in line with structure-based stability predictions, which indicated that the substitution of a marginal, non-helical and non-interface residue, five amino acids from the δ-globin chain carboxy-terminus, was moderately destabilizing. DISCUSSION Detection of the new variant depends on the diagnostic set-up and had failed by CAE and on an independent CE-HPLC system, which, in unfavourable circumstances, may lead to misdiagnoses of β-thalassaemia as α-thalassaemia. Given the mixed background of the affected family, the ethnic origin of the mutation is unclear, and this study thus suggests awareness for possible detection of Hb A2 Episkopi in both the Cypriot and the Lebanese populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten W Lederer
- a Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia , The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Cyprus & Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine , Nicosia , Cyprus
| | - Eleni Pavlou
- a Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia , The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Cyprus & Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine , Nicosia , Cyprus
| | - George A Tanteles
- b Clinical Genetics Department , The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics , Nicosia , Cyprus
| | - Paola Evangelidou
- c Department of Cytogenetics and Genomics , The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Cyprus & Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine , Nicosia , Cyprus
| | - Carolina Sismani
- c Department of Cytogenetics and Genomics , The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Cyprus & Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine , Nicosia , Cyprus
| | | | | | | | | | - Marina Kleanthous
- a Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia , The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Cyprus & Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine , Nicosia , Cyprus
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Patsali P, Mussolino C, Loucari C, Stephanou C, Antoniou M, Cathomen T, Lederer CW, Kleanthous M. 692. Genome Editing for Personalized Gene Therapy of IVSI-110 Beta-Thalassemia. Mol Ther 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s1525-0016(16)33500-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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31
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Srivastava A, Kay MA, Athanasopoulos T, Angastiniotis M, Anagnostopoulos A, Karponi G, Yannaki E, Zon LI, Lederer CW, Phylactides MS, Kleanthous M. A Tribute to George Stamatoyannopoulos. Hum Gene Ther 2016; 27:280-6. [DOI: 10.1089/hum.2016.29025.gst] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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32
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Ververis A, Christodoulou A, Christoforou M, Kamilari C, Lederer CW, Santama N. A novel family of katanin-like 2 protein isoforms (KATNAL2), interacting with nucleotide-binding proteins Nubp1 and Nubp2, are key regulators of different MT-based processes in mammalian cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 73:163-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-1980-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Christodoulou I, Patsali P, Stephanou C, Antoniou M, Kleanthous M, Lederer CW. Measurement of lentiviral vector titre and copy number by cross-species duplex quantitative PCR. Gene Ther 2015. [PMID: 26202078 PMCID: PMC4705430 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2015.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Lentiviruses are the vectors of choice for many preclinical studies and clinical applications of gene therapy. Accurate measurement of biological vector titre before treatment is a prerequisite for vector dosing, and the calculation of vector integration sites per cell after treatment is as critical to the characterisation of modified cell products as it is to long-term follow-up and the assessment of risk and therapeutic efficiency in patients. These analyses are typically based on quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), but as yet compromise accuracy and comparability between laboratories and experimental systems, the former by using separate simplex reactions for the detection of endogene and lentiviral sequences and the latter by designing different PCR assays for analyses in human cells and animal disease models. In this study, we validate in human and murine cells a qPCR system for the single-tube assessment of lentiviral vector copy numbers that is suitable for analyses in at least 33 different mammalian species, including human and other primates, mouse, pig, cat and domestic ruminants. The established assay combines the accuracy of single-tube quantitation by duplex qPCR with the convenience of one-off assay optimisation for cross-species analyses and with the direct comparability of lentiviral transduction efficiencies in different species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - P Patsali
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus.,King's College London, Gene Expression and Therapy Group London, UK
| | - C Stephanou
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus.,King's College London, Gene Expression and Therapy Group London, UK
| | - M Antoniou
- King's College London, Gene Expression and Therapy Group London, UK
| | - M Kleanthous
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus.,Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - C W Lederer
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus.,Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Abstract
The β-thalassemias are a group of hereditary hematological diseases caused by over 300 mutations of the adult β-globin gene. Together with sickle cell anemia, thalassemia syndromes are among the most impactful diseases in developing countries, in which the lack of genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis have contributed to the maintenance of a very high frequency of these genetic diseases in the population. Gene therapy for β-thalassemia has recently seen steadily accelerating progress and has reached a crossroads in its development. Presently, data from past and ongoing clinical trials guide the design of further clinical and preclinical studies based on gene augmentation, while fundamental insights into globin switching and new technology developments have inspired the investigation of novel gene-therapy approaches. Moreover, human erythropoietic stem cells from β-thalassemia patients have been the cellular targets of choice to date whereas future gene-therapy studies might increasingly draw on induced pluripotent stem cells. Herein, we summarize the most significant developments in β-thalassemia gene therapy over the last decade, with a strong emphasis on the most recent findings, for β-thalassemia model systems; for β-, γ-, and anti-sickling β-globin gene addition and combinatorial approaches including the latest results of clinical trials; and for novel approaches, such as transgene-mediated activation of γ-globin and genome editing using designer nucleases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Finotti
- Laboratory for the Development of Gene and Pharmacogenomic Therapy of Thalassaemia, Biotechnology Centre of Ferrara University, Ferrara, Italy ; Associazione Veneta per la Lotta alla Talassemia, Rovigo, Italy ; Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Section of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ferrara University, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Laura Breda
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Haematology/Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carsten W Lederer
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus ; Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Nicoletta Bianchi
- Laboratory for the Development of Gene and Pharmacogenomic Therapy of Thalassaemia, Biotechnology Centre of Ferrara University, Ferrara, Italy ; Associazione Veneta per la Lotta alla Talassemia, Rovigo, Italy ; Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Section of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ferrara University, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Cristina Zuccato
- Laboratory for the Development of Gene and Pharmacogenomic Therapy of Thalassaemia, Biotechnology Centre of Ferrara University, Ferrara, Italy ; Associazione Veneta per la Lotta alla Talassemia, Rovigo, Italy ; Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Section of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ferrara University, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marina Kleanthous
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus ; Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Stefano Rivella
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Haematology/Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA ; Department of Cell and Development Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Roberto Gambari
- Laboratory for the Development of Gene and Pharmacogenomic Therapy of Thalassaemia, Biotechnology Centre of Ferrara University, Ferrara, Italy ; Associazione Veneta per la Lotta alla Talassemia, Rovigo, Italy ; Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Section of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ferrara University, Ferrara, Italy
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35
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Kountouris P, Lederer CW, Fanis P, Feleki X, Old J, Kleanthous M. IthaGenes: an interactive database for haemoglobin variations and epidemiology. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103020. [PMID: 25058394 PMCID: PMC4109966 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inherited haemoglobinopathies are the most common monogenic diseases, with millions of carriers and patients worldwide. At present, we know several hundred disease-causing mutations on the globin gene clusters, in addition to numerous clinically important trans-acting disease modifiers encoded elsewhere and a multitude of polymorphisms with relevance for advanced diagnostic approaches. Moreover, new disease-linked variations are discovered every year that are not included in traditional and often functionally limited locus-specific databases. This paper presents IthaGenes, a new interactive database of haemoglobin variations, which stores information about genes and variations affecting haemoglobin disorders. In addition, IthaGenes organises phenotype, relevant publications and external links, while embedding the NCBI Sequence Viewer for graphical representation of each variation. Finally, IthaGenes is integrated with the companion tool IthaMaps for the display of corresponding epidemiological data on distribution maps. IthaGenes is incorporated in the ITHANET community portal and is free and publicly available at http://www.ithanet.eu/db/ithagenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros Kountouris
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
- * E-mail:
| | - Carsten W. Lederer
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Pavlos Fanis
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Xenia Feleki
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - John Old
- Oxford Radcliffe Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Marina Kleanthous
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
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36
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Papasavva TE, Lederer CW, Traeger-Synodinos J, Mavrou A, Kanavakis E, Ioannou C, Makariou C, Kleanthous M. A Minimal Set of SNPs for the Noninvasive Prenatal Diagnosis ofβ-Thalassaemia. Ann Hum Genet 2013; 77:115-24. [DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thessalia E. Papasavva
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department; The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics; Nicosia; Cyprus
| | - Carsten W. Lederer
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department; The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics; Nicosia; Cyprus
| | - Jan Traeger-Synodinos
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics; University of Athens; St. Sophia's Children's Hospital; Athens; Greece
| | - Ariadne Mavrou
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics; University of Athens; St. Sophia's Children's Hospital; Athens; Greece
| | - Emmanuel Kanavakis
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics; University of Athens; St. Sophia's Children's Hospital; Athens; Greece
| | | | | | - Marina Kleanthous
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department; The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics; Nicosia; Cyprus
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Drakou CE, Malekkou A, Hayes JM, Lederer CW, Leonidas DD, Oikonomakos NG, Lamond AI, Santama N, Zographos SE. hCINAP is an atypical mammalian nuclear adenylate kinase with an ATPase motif: structural and functional studies. Proteins 2011; 80:206-20. [PMID: 22038794 DOI: 10.1002/prot.23186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2010] [Revised: 08/01/2011] [Accepted: 08/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Human coilin interacting nuclear ATPase protein (hCINAP) directly interacts with coilin, a marker protein of Cajal Bodies (CBs), nuclear organelles involved in the maturation of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins UsnRNPs and snoRNPs. hCINAP has previously been designated as an adenylate kinase (AK6), but is very atypical as it exhibits unusually broad substrate specificity, structural features characteristic of ATPase/GTPase proteins (Walker motifs A and B) and also intrinsic ATPase activity. Despite its intriguing structure, unique properties and cellular localization, the enzymatic mechanism and biological function of hCINAP have remained poorly characterized. Here, we offer the first high-resolution structure of hCINAP in complex with the substrate ADP (and dADP), the structure of hCINAP with a sulfate ion bound at the AMP binding site, and the structure of the ternary complex hCINAP-Mg(2+) ADP-Pi. Induced fit docking calculations are used to predict the structure of the hCINAP-Mg(2+) ATP-AMP ternary complex. Structural analysis suggested a functional role for His79 in the Walker B motif. Kinetic analysis of mutant hCINAP-H79G indicates that His79 affects both AK and ATPase catalytic efficiency and induces homodimer formation. Finally, we show that in vivo expression of hCINAP-H79G in human cells is toxic and drastically deregulates the number and appearance of CBs in the cell nucleus. Our findings suggest that hCINAP may not simply regulate nucleotide homeostasis, but may have broader functionality, including control of CB assembly and disassembly in the nucleus of human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina E Drakou
- Institute of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens 11635, Greece
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Malekkou A, Lederer CW, Lamond AI, Santama N. The nuclear ATPase/adenylate kinase hCINAP is recruited to perinucleolar caps generated upon RNA pol.II inhibition. FEBS Lett 2010; 584:4559-64. [PMID: 20974138 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2010.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2010] [Revised: 10/01/2010] [Accepted: 10/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
hCINAP is an atypical nucleoplasmic enzyme, combining structural features of adenylate kinases and ATPases, which exhibits dual enzymatic activity. It interacts with the Cajal Body marker coilin and its level of expression and enzymatic activity influence Cajal Body numbers. Here we show that upon specific transcriptional inhibition of RNA pol.II, hCINAP segregates in perinuclear caps identified as Dark Nucleolar Caps (DNCs). These are distinct from perinucleolar caps where coilin and fibrillarin (both Cajal Body components) accumulate. In DNCs, hCINAP co-localizes with Paraspeckle Protein (PSP1) and also co-segregates with PSP1, and not coilin, in nuclear and nucleolar foci upon UV irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Malekkou
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus and Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
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Lederer CW, Basak AN, Aydinok Y, Christou S, El-Beshlawy A, Eleftheriou A, Fattoum S, Felice AE, Fibach E, Galanello R, Gambari R, Gavrila L, Giordano PC, Grosveld F, Hassapopoulou H, Hladka E, Kanavakis E, Locatelli F, Old J, Patrinos GP, Romeo G, Taher A, Traeger-Synodinos J, Vassiliou P, Villegas A, Voskaridou E, Wajcman H, Zafeiropoulos A, Kleanthous M. An electronic infrastructure for research and treatment of the thalassemias and other hemoglobinopathies: the Euro-mediterranean ITHANET project. Hemoglobin 2010; 33:163-76. [PMID: 19657830 DOI: 10.1080/03630260903089177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Hemoglobin (Hb) disorders are common, potentially lethal monogenic diseases, posing a global health challenge. With worldwide migration and intermixing of carriers, demanding flexible health planning and patient care, hemoglobinopathies may serve as a paradigm for the use of electronic infrastructure tools in the collection of data, the dissemination of knowledge, the harmonization of treatment, and the coordination of research and preventive programs. ITHANET, a network covering thalassemias and other hemoglobinopathies, comprises 26 organizations from 16 countries, including non-European countries of origin for these diseases (Egypt, Israel, Lebanon, Tunisia and Turkey). Using electronic infrastructure tools, ITHANET aims to strengthen cross-border communication and data transfer, cooperative research and treatment of thalassemia, and to improve support and information of those affected by hemoglobinopathies. Moreover, the consortium has established the ITHANET Portal, a novel web-based instrument for the dissemination of information on hemoglobinopathies to researchers, clinicians and patients. The ITHANET Portal is a growing public resource, providing forums for discussion and research coordination, and giving access to courses and databases organized by ITHANET partners. Already a popular repository for diagnostic protocols and news related to hemoglobinopathies, the ITHANET Portal also provides a searchable, extendable database of thalassemia mutations and associated background information. The experience of ITHANET is exemplary for a consortium bringing together disparate organizations from heterogeneous partner countries to face a common health challenge. The ITHANET Portal as a web-based tool born out of this experience amends some of the problems encountered and facilitates education and international exchange of data and expertise for hemoglobinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten W Lederer
- Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus.
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Spyrou P, Phylactides M, Lederer CW, Kithreotis L, Kirri A, Christou S, Kkolou E, Kanavakis E, Anagnou NP, Stamatoyannopoulos G, Kleanthous M. Compounds of the anthracycline family of antibiotics elevate human γ-globin expression both in erythroid cultures and in a transgenic mouse model. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2010; 44:100-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2009.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2009] [Revised: 09/30/2009] [Accepted: 10/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Abstract
Recently, intense interest in the potential use of neural stem cells (NSC) in the clinical therapy of brain disease and injury has resulted in rapid progress in research on the properties of NSC, their innate and directed differentiation potential and the induced reprogramming of differentiated somatic cells to revert to a pluripotent NSC-like state. The aim of this review is to give an overview of our current operational definitions of the NSC lineage, the growing understanding of extrinsic and intrinsic mechanisms, including heritable but reversible epigenetic chromatin modifications that regulate the maintenance and differentiation of NSC in vivo, and to emphasize ground-breaking efforts of cellular reprogramming with the view to generating patient-specific stem cells for cell replacement therapy. This is set against a summary of current practical procedures for the isolation, research and application of NSC, and of the state of the art in NSC-based regenerative medicine of the nervous system. Both provide the backdrop for the translation of recent findings into innovative clinical applications, with the hope of increasing the safety, efficiency and ethical acceptability of NSC-based therapies in the near future.
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Pantelidou M, Zographos SE, Lederer CW, Kyriakides T, Pfaffl MW, Santama N. Differential expression of molecular motors in the motor cortex of sporadic ALS. Neurobiol Dis 2007; 26:577-89. [PMID: 17418584 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2007.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2006] [Revised: 01/31/2007] [Accepted: 02/04/2007] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying the selective neurodegeneration of motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are inadequately understood. Recent breakthroughs have implicated impaired axonal transport, mediated by molecular motors, as a key element for disease onset and progression. The current work identifies the expression of 15 kinesin-like motors in healthy human motor cortex, including three novel isoforms. Our comprehensive quantitative mRNA analysis in control and sporadic ALS (SALS) motor cortex specimens detects SALS-specific down-regulation of KIF1Bbeta and novel KIF3Abeta, two isoforms we show to be enriched in the brain, and also of SOD1, a key enzyme linked to familial ALS. This is accompanied by a marked reduction of KIF3Abeta protein levels. In the motor cortex KIF3Abeta localizes in cholinergic neurons, including upper motor neurons. No mutations causing splicing defects or altering protein-coding sequences were identified in the genes of the three proteins. The present study implicates two motor proteins as possible candidates in SALS pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pantelidou
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus and Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
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Abstract
The aim of this review is to analyze how our knowledge on the etiology, pathology, and treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has profited from the application of biotechnology tools for the identification of disease markers, the development of animal disease models, and the design of innovative therapeutics. In humans, ALS-specific clinical, genetic or protein biomarkers, or panels of biomarkers stemming from genomics and proteomics analyses can be critical for early diagnosis, monitoring of disease progression, drug validation in clinical trials, and identification of therapeutic targets for subsequent drug development. At the same time, animal models representing a number of human superoxide dismutase 1 mutations, intermediate-filament disorganization or axonal-transport defects have been invaluable in unraveling aspects of the pathophysiology of the disease; in each case, these only represent a small proportion of all ALS patients. Preclinical and clinical trials, although at present heavily concentrating on pharmacological approaches, are embracing the emerging alternative strategies of stem-cell and gene therapy. In combination with a further subcategorization of patients and the development of corresponding model systems for functional analyses, they will significantly influence the already changing face of ALS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten W Lederer
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus and Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Christodoulou A, Lederer CW, Surrey T, Vernos I, Santama N. Motor protein KIFC5A interacts with Nubp1 and Nubp2, and is implicated in the regulation of centrosome duplication. J Cell Sci 2006; 119:2035-47. [PMID: 16638812 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.02922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of motor protein activity has been linked with defects in the formation of poles in the spindle of dividing cells. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the functional relationship between motor activity and centrosome dynamics have remained uncharacterised. Here, we characterise KIFC5A, a mouse kinesin-like protein that is highly expressed in dividing cells and tissues, and is subject to developmental and cell-type-specific regulation. KIFC5A is a minus-end-directed, microtubule-dependent motor that produces velocities of up to 1.26 μm minute-1 in gliding assays and possesses microtubule bundling activity. It is nuclear in interphase, localises to the centre of the two microtubule asters at the beginning of mitosis, and to spindle microtubules in later mitotic phases. Overexpression of KIFC5A in mouse cells causes the formation of aberrant, non-separated microtubule asters and mitotic arrest in a prometaphase-like state. KIFC5A knockdown partly rescues the phenotype caused by inhibition of plus-end-directed motor Eg5 by monastrol on the mitotic spindle, indicating that it is involved in the balance of forces determining bipolar spindle assembly and integrity. Silencing of KIFC5A also results in centrosome amplification detectable throughout the cell cycle. Supernumerary centrosomes arise primarily as a result of reduplication and partly as a result of cytokinesis defects. They contain duplicated centrioles and have the ability to organise microtubule asters, resulting in the formation of multipolar spindles. We show that KIFC5A interacts with nucleotide-binding proteins 1 and 2 (Nubp1 and Nubp2), which have extensive sequence similarity to prokaryotic division-site-determining protein MinD. Nubp1 and Nubp2 also interact with each other. Knockdown of Nubp1 or double knockdown of Nubp1 and Nubp2 (Nubp1&Nubp2) both phenocopy the KIFC5A silencing effect. These results implicate KIFC5A and the Nubp proteins in a common regulatory pathway involved in the control of centrosome duplication in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andri Christodoulou
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus and Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, PO Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
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