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Vincent JB. Is chromium(III) pharmacologically relevant? An update focused on studies with diabetic rodent models. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 84:127453. [PMID: 38653006 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
A decade ago, the author assessed the status of chromium as the trivalent ion as an essential element and as a therapeutic agent based on rodent studies for this journal. The current review was undertaken to update considerations regarding the status of chromium, focusing on studies of Cr supplementation of diabetic rodent models over the last decade. Cr can no longer be considered an essential trace element for humans. Observed effects of Cr on rodent models of insulin resistance and diabetes are best interpreted in terms of a pharmacological role for Cr. The review of studies on the effects of Cr on rat models of diabetes is updated, and the results continue to suggest Cr increases insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues of the rodent models. The lack of effects in human studies may stem from humans receiving a comparably smaller dose than the rodent models. However, given the different responses to Cr in the rodent models, humans could potentially have different responses to Cr. Recent studies primary utilizing rodents suggest two potential complementary but also contradictory modes of action for Cr(III) at a molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- John B Vincent
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0336, USA.
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Abdel-Hady EA. Chromium picolinate supplementation improves cardiac performance in hypoxic rats. Acta Cardiol 2024; 79:387-397. [PMID: 36044000 DOI: 10.1080/00015385.2022.2041782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conditions associated with chronic hypoxia increase morbidity and mortality attributable to cardiovascular complications. Myocardial hypoxia is a common feature in several diseases including: stroke, infarction, anaemia, chronic lung diseases, obstructive sleep apnoea and cyanotic congenital heart defects. The present study was planned to investigate the cardiovascular effects of chronic intermittent hypoxia and its association with increased myocardial oxidative stress. In addition, to evaluate the protective effect of chromium supplementation, aiming at achieving an alternative that may enable to devise a therapy for hypoxic patients. METHODS Male rats were allocated into three groups: control group (normoxic), untreated hypoxic group (exposed to hypoxia 8 h/day, 5 days/week for 6 weeks) and hypoxic group supplemented with chromium picolinate (90 µg/kg/day by gavage). Rats were subjected to measurement of body weight, haematocrit value, mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate and ECG recording. Cardiac activities of isolated hearts were studied on Langendorff preparation under basal conditions and in response to ischaemia/reperfusion. Thereafter, cardiac weights were determined and cardiac tissue catalase activity as well as malondialdhyde level were assessed. RESULTS Significant results were obtained upon exposure to hypoxia including; low body weight, increased haematocrit, elevated blood pressure, left ventricular hypertrophy and impaired cardiac activities, basally and in response to ischaemia/reperfusion challenges, associated with increased oxidative stress in cardiac tissue. At the same time, chromium supplementation increased body weight, lowered blood pressure, reduced ventricular hypertrophy and significantly improved the cardiac performance. CONCLUSION Chromium supplementation confers protection against hypoxia-induced cardiovascular dysfunction by improvement of the antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enas A Abdel-Hady
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Zheng H, Yan W, Shao M, Qi S. Chromium Picolinate Regulates Bone Metabolism and Prevents Bone Loss in Diabetic Rats. Molecules 2024; 29:924. [PMID: 38474436 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29050924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic osteoporosis (DOP) is an abnormal metabolic disease caused by long-term hyperglycemia. In this study, a model rat of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes was established, and chromium picolinate (5 mg·kg-1) was given; the changes in blood glucose and body weight were detected before and after administration; and bone mineral density (BMD), bone morphology, bone turnover markers, inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress indicators were observed in each group. We found that after chromium picolinate (CP) intervention for 8 weeks, the blood glucose level was decreased; the BMD, the bone histomorphology parameters, and the pathological structure were improved; the expression of bone resorption-related proteins was downregulated; and the expression of bone formation-related proteins was upregulated. Meanwhile, serum antioxidant activity was increased, and inflammatory cytokine levels were decreased. In conclusion, CP could alleviate DOP by anti-oxidation, inhibition of bone turnover, anti-inflammation, and regulation of the OPG/RANKL/RANK signaling pathway. Therefore, CP has important application values for further development as a functional food or active medicine in DOP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxing Zheng
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Qinba Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Hanzhong 723000, China
- Shaanxi Black Organic Food Engineering Technology Research Center, Hanzhong 723000, China
| | - Wenrui Yan
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, China
- Qinba Mountain Area Collaborative Innovation Center of Bioresources Comprehensive Development, Hanzhong 723000, China
| | - Mengli Shao
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Resource Biology, Hanzhong 723001, China
| | - Shanshan Qi
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, China
- Shaanxi Migukang Biotechnology Company, Xi'an 710018, China
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Qi M, Hu X, Zhu W, Ren Y, Dai C. Study on effects and relevant mechanisms of Mudan granules on renal fibrosis in streptozotocin-induced diabetes rats. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2310733. [PMID: 38357745 PMCID: PMC10877650 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2310733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS The effects and relevant mechanisms of Mudan granules in the renal fibrosis of diabetic rats were explored through in vivo experiments, which provided a scientific basis for expanding their clinical indications. METHODS Male SD rats were given a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (65 mg/kg) to induce diabetes rat models. After treatment with Mudan granules, the general condition of rats was recorded. Blood glucose, blood lipids, and renal function-related indicators were detected, renal tissue morphological changes and fibrosis-related indicators were observed, and the expression of pathway-related proteins were examined. RESULTS The general condition of diabetes rats was improved after the treatment of Mudan granules, the 24-h urinary protein and urinary albumin to creatinine ratio were reduced, and the renal function and lipid results were modified. The tissue damage to the rat kidney has been repaired. Expression of TGF-β1/Smad-related pathway proteins was suppressed in kidney tissues, and the fibrosis factor CO-IV, FN, and LN were reduced in serum. CONCLUSION Mudan granules may inhibit of TGF-β1/Smad pathway, inhibit the production of ECM, reduce the levels of fibrosis factors CO-IV, FN, and LN, to have a protective effect on kidney in diabetes rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mushuang Qi
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiangka Hu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Wanjun Zhu
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Ren
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Chunmei Dai
- Institute of Materia Medica, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
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Abdelfattah DSE, Fouad MA, Elmeshad AN, El-Nabarawi MA, Elhabal SF. Anti-Obesity Effect of Combining White Kidney Bean Extract, Propolis Ethanolic Extract and CrPi 3 on Sprague-Dawley Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet. Nutrients 2024; 16:310. [PMID: 38276548 PMCID: PMC10818276 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity has been associated with the occurrence and prevalence of various chronic metabolic diseases. The management of obesity has evolved to focus not only on reducing weight, but also on preventing obesity-related complications. Studies have shown that bioactive components in natural products like white kidney bean extract (WKBE), propolis ethanolic extract (PEE), and chromium picolinate (CrPi3) showed anti-obesity properties. However, no studies have examined the outcomes of combining any of these nutraceutical supplements. We compared the effects of HFD supplemented with WKBE, WKBE+PEE, or WKBE+PEE+CrPi3 against control and obese groups using Sprague-Dawley rats fed a 45% high-fat diet as an in vivo model. Nutritional parameters, biochemical parameters, and biomarkers of cardiovascular disease, liver function, kidney function, and gut health were among the comparable effects. Our findings showed that combining the three nutraceutical supplements had a synergetic effect on reducing weight gain, food utilization rate, abdominal fat, serum lipids, arterial and hepatic lipids, risk of cardiovascular disease, and blood glucose level, in addition to improving renal function and gut microbiota. We attributed these effects to the α-amylase inhibitor action of WKBE, flavonoids, and polyphenol content of PEE, which were potentiated with CrPi3 resulting in a further reduction or normalization of certain parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa Salah Eldin Abdelfattah
- National Nutrition Institute, Cairo 11435, Egypt;
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza 11562, Egypt or (A.N.E.); (M.A.E.-N.)
| | | | - Aliaa N. Elmeshad
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza 11562, Egypt or (A.N.E.); (M.A.E.-N.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Technology, The Egyptian Chinese University, Cairo 11786, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. El-Nabarawi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza 11562, Egypt or (A.N.E.); (M.A.E.-N.)
| | - Sammar Fathy Elhabal
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information (MTI), Cairo 11571, Egypt;
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Zheng H, Hu Y, Shao M, Chen S, Qi S. Chromium Picolinate Protects against Testicular Damage in STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats via Anti-Inflammation, Anti-Oxidation, Inhibiting Apoptosis, and Regulating the TGF-β1/Smad Pathway. Molecules 2023; 28:7669. [PMID: 38005391 PMCID: PMC10674689 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromium picolinate (CP) is an organic compound that has long been used to treat diabetes. Our previous studies found CP could relieve diabetic nephropathy. Thus, we speculate that it might have a positive effect on diabetic testicular injury. In this study, a diabetic rat model was established, and then the rats were treated with CP for 8 weeks. We found that the levels of blood glucose, food, and water intake were reduced, and body weight was enhanced in diabetic rats after CP supplementation. Meanwhile, in CP treatment groups, the levels of male hormone and sperm parameters were improved, the pathological structure of the testicular tissue was repaired, and testicular fibrosis was inhibited. In addition, CP reduced the levels of serum inflammatory cytokines, and decreased oxidative stress and apoptosis in the testicular tissue. In conclusion, CP could ameliorate testicular damage in diabetic rats, as well as being a potential testicle-protective nutrient in the future to prevent the testicular damage caused by diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxing Zheng
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, China; (H.Z.); (Y.H.); (M.S.); (S.C.)
- State Key Laboratory of Qinba Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Hanzhong 723000, China
- Shaanxi Black Organic Food Engineering Technology Research Center, Hanzhong 723000, China
| | - Yingjun Hu
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, China; (H.Z.); (Y.H.); (M.S.); (S.C.)
- Qinba Mountain Area Collaborative Innovation Center of Bioresources Comprehensive Development, Hanzhong 723000, China
| | - Mengli Shao
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, China; (H.Z.); (Y.H.); (M.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Simin Chen
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, China; (H.Z.); (Y.H.); (M.S.); (S.C.)
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bioresources, Hanzhong 723000, China
| | - Shanshan Qi
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, China; (H.Z.); (Y.H.); (M.S.); (S.C.)
- Shaanxi Daoerfeng Biotechnology Company, Hanzhong 723000, China
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Chen M, Chen Y, Zhu W, Yan X, Xiao J, Zhang P, Liu P, Li P. Advances in the pharmacological study of Chinese herbal medicine to alleviate diabetic nephropathy by improving mitochondrial oxidative stress. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115088. [PMID: 37413900 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the serious complications of diabetes mellitus, primarily arising from type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and can progress to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end stage renal disease (ESRD). The pathogenesis of DN involves various factors such as hemodynamic changes, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and lipid metabolism disorders. Increasing attention is being given to DN caused by oxidative stress in the mitochondrial pathway, prompting researchers to explore drugs that can regulate these target pathways. Chinese herbal medicine, known for its accessibility, rich historical usage, and remarkable efficacy, has shown promise in ameliorating renal injury caused by DN by modulating oxidative stress in the mitochondrial pathway. This review aims to provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of DN. Firstly, we outline the mechanisms by which mitochondrial dysfunction impairs DN, focusing on outlining the damage to mitochondria by oxidative stress. Subsequently, we describe the process by which formulas, herbs and monomeric compounds protect the kidney by ameliorating oxidative stress in the mitochondrial pathway. Finally, the rich variety of Chinese herbal medicine, combined with modern extraction techniques, has great potential, and as we gradually understand the pathogenesis of DN and research techniques are constantly updated, there will be more and more promising therapeutic targets and herbal drug candidates. This paper aims to provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Wenhui Zhu
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoming Yan
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Xiao
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Peiqing Zhang
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Harbin, China.
| | - Peng Liu
- Shunyi Hospital, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Ping Li
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Radmehr V, Mojadami S, Ahangarpour A, Mard SA. Protective effects of crocin and gallic acid on the liver damage induced by methylglyoxal in male mice: role of inflammatory factors. GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY FROM BED TO BENCH 2023; 16:499-508. [PMID: 37070111 PMCID: PMC10105510 DOI: 10.22037/ghfbb.v16i1.2620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Aim This study aims to evaluate whether biochemical alterations caused by methylglyoxal (MG), improves by the administration of gallic acid (GA), crocin (Cr), and metformin (MT) in the liver. Background MG is produced naturally through various physiological processes, but high levels of MG cause inflammation in hepatocytes. Normal liver function is essential for maintaining glucose homeostasis. Gallic acid and crocin can reduce inflammation. Methods This experiment was done in 5 weeks. 50 male NMRI mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=10): 1) Control, 2) MG (600 mg/Kg/d, p.o.), 3) MG+GA (30 mg/kg/day, p.o.), 4) MG+Cr (60 mg/kg/day, p.o.), 5) MG+MT (150 mg/kg/day, p.o.). After one week of habituation, MG was administered for four weeks. Gallic acid, crocin, and metformin were administered in the last two weeks. Biochemical and histologic evaluations were assessed after plasma collection and tissue sample preparation. Results Gallic acid and crocin-received groups significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride levels, and elevated insulin sensitivity. Administration of MG exerted a marked increase in the levels of hepatic enzymes. Treatment with gallic acid, crocin, and metformin significantly decreased them. The altered levels of inflammatory factors in the diabetic group were significantly improved in the diabetic-treated groups. High levels of steatosis and red blood cells (RBCs) accumulation in the MG group markedly recovered in other treated mice. Conclusion Harmful effects of accumulated MG in the liver of diabetic mice were effectively attenuated by using gallic acid and crocin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Radmehr
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Science, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Shahnaz Mojadami
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Science, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Akram Ahangarpour
- Department of Physiology, Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyyed Ali Mard
- Department of Physiology, Alimentary Tract Research Center, Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Radmehr V, Ahangarpour A, Mard SA, Khorsandi L. Crocin attenuates endoplasmic reticulum stress in methylglyoxal-induced diabetic nephropathy in male mice: MicroRNAs alterations and glyoxalase 1-Nrf2 signaling pathways. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 25:1341-1348. [PMID: 36474578 PMCID: PMC9699949 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2022.65824.14479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Accumulation of methylglyoxal (MGO) occurs in diabetes. MicroRNA-204 is an important intracellular marker in the diagnosis of endoplasmic reticulum stress. Crocin (Crn) has beneficial effects for diabetes, but the effect of Crn on MGO-induced diabetic nephropathy has not been investigated. The current research evaluated the effects of Crn and metformin (MET) on diabetic nephropathy induced by MGO in male mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, 70 male NMRI mice were randomly divided into 7 groups: control, MGO (600 mg/Kg/d), MGO+Crn (15, 30, and 60 mg/kg/d), MGO+MET (150 mg/kg/d), and Crn60 (60 mg/kg/d). Methylglyoxal was gavaged for four weeks. After proving hyperglycemia, Cr and MET were administered orally in the last two weeks. Biochemical and antioxidant evaluations, microRNA expression, and histological evaluation were assessed. RESULTS The fasting blood glucose, urine albumin, blood urea nitrogen, plasma creatinine, malondialdehyde, Nrf2, miR-204, and miR-192 expression increased in the MGO group. These variables decreased in Crn-treated animals. The decreased levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glyoxalase 1, Glutathione, and miR-29a expression in the MGO group improved in the diabetic-treated mice. Histological alterations such as red blood cell accumulation, inflammation, glomerulus diameter changes, and proximal cell damage were also observed. CONCLUSION Our study indicated that Crn and MET attenuated renal damage by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Radmehr
- Student Research Committee, Department of Physiology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Akram Ahangarpour
- Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Physiology research center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,Corresponding author: Akram Ahangarpour. Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Seyyed Ali Mard
- Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Physiology research center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,Alimentary tract research center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Layasadat Khorsandi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Cellular, and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Zorena K, Jaskulak M, Michalska M, Mrugacz M, Vandenbulcke F. Air Pollution, Oxidative Stress, and the Risk of Development of Type 1 Diabetes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1908. [PMID: 36290631 PMCID: PMC9598917 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite multiple studies focusing on environmental factors conducive to the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), knowledge about the involvement of long-term exposure to air pollution seems insufficient. The main focus of epidemiological studies is placed on the relationship between exposure to various concentrations of particulate matter (PM): PM1, PM2.5, PM10, and sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (O3), versus the risk of T1DM development. Although the specific molecular mechanism(s) behind the link between increased air pollution exposure and a higher risk of diabetes and metabolic dysfunction is yet unknown, available data indicate air pollution-induced inflammation and oxidative stress as a significant pathway. The purpose of this paper is to assess recent research examining the association between inhalation exposure to PM and associated metals and the increasing rates of T1DM worldwide. The development of modern and more adequate methods for air quality monitoring is also introduced. A particular emphasis on microsensors, mobile and autonomous measuring platforms, satellites, and innovative approaches of IoT, 5G connections, and Block chain technologies are also presented. Reputable databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, were used to search for relevant literature. Eligibility criteria involved recent publication years, particularly publications within the last five years (except for papers presenting a certain novelty or mechanism for the first time). Population, toxicological and epidemiological studies that focused particularly on fine and ultra-fine PM and associated ambient metals, were preferred, as well as full-text publications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Zorena
- Department of Immunobiology and Environment Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Marta Jaskulak
- Department of Immunobiology and Environment Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Michalska
- Department of Immunobiology and Environment Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Mrugacz
- Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Rehabilitation, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089 Białystok, Poland
| | - Franck Vandenbulcke
- Laboratoire de Génie Civil et Géo-Environnement, Univ. Lille, IMT Lille Douai, University Artois, YncreaHauts-de-France, ULR4515-LGCgE, F-59000 Lille, France
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Hassouna SS, Sheta E, Zaki I, Harby SA, Allam EA. Trivalent chromium supplementation ameliorates adjuvant induced rheumatoid arthritis through up-regulation of FOXP3 and decrease in synovial Cathepsin G expression. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:2181-2195. [PMID: 35829940 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01025-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a known debilitating autoimmune disease. Immune-suppressants that are used for disease treatment have serious side effects, therefore, trivalent chromium (Cr (III)); which has shown evidence of its influences on some inflammatory pathways and cytokines; was used in this study for the first time to be assessed for its therapeutic effect in RA rat model and was compared to prednisolone in a trial to find a treatment with lesser side effects. METHODS Adult male albino rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal, untreated RA, prednisolone treated RA (1.25 mg/kg/day) and Cr (III) treated RA groups (80 μg/kg/day), induction of RA was done by subcutaneous complete Freund adjuvant injection. Study duration was 4 weeks throughout which arthritis scoring and weight measurement were pursued. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical FOXP3 assessment were done for joint biopsies. Serum inflammatory markers (interleukin 17, interleukin 10, CRP) and synovial erosive arthritis marker (Cathepsin G) were measured. HDL and non-HDL cholesterol were estimated as well. RESULTS Cr (III) treatment showed marked clinical and histopathological improvement, also astonishing anti-inflammatory effects (increase in FOXP3 expression and interleukin 10, with decrease in interleukin 17, CRP and synovial Cathepsin G) to the extent that Cr (III) effects on inflammation abolishment were comparable to that of prednisolone and even better at some aspects. Moreover, Cr (III) was protective from side effects, i.e., weight gain and dyslipidemia that were seen with prednisolone treatment. CONCLUSIONS Cr (III) is promising in treating RA and it lacks some side effects of accustomed immune-modulatory agents including prednisolone. Further experimental studies and clinical trials should be held to see the efficacy of Cr (III) in different doses and to assess its long term side effects when used for rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally S Hassouna
- Internal Medicine Department, Rheumatology and Immunology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Eman Sheta
- Pathology department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Inass Zaki
- Pathology department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sahar A Harby
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eman A Allam
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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A Review on the Recent Advancements on Therapeutic Effects of Ions in the Physiological Environments. PROSTHESIS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/prosthesis4020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This review focuses on the therapeutic effects of ions when released in physiological environments. Recent studies have shown that metallic ions like Ag+, Sr2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Cu2+, Ca2+, P+5, etc., have shown promising results in drug delivery systems and regenerative medicine. These metallic ions can be loaded in nanoparticles, mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (MBGNs), hydroxyapatite (HA), calcium phosphates, polymeric coatings, and salt solutions. The metallic ions can exhibit different functions in the physiological environment such as antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, bioactive, biocompatible, and angiogenic effects. Furthermore, the metals/metalloid ions can be loaded into scaffolds to improve osteoblast proliferation, differentiation, bone development, fibroblast growth, and improved wound healing efficacy. Moreover, different ions possess different therapeutic limits. Therefore, further mechanisms need to be developed for the highly controlled and sustained release of these ions. This review paper summarizes the recent progress in the use of metallic/metalloid ions in regenerative medicine and encourages further study of ions as a solution to cure diseases.
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Zaman A, Banday AA. Angiotensin1-7 Protects Against Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Regulating the Expression of NRF2 and microRNAs in Fisher 344 Rats. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2022; 323:F33-F47. [PMID: 35532070 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00283.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is considered the primary cause of acute kidney injury and is higher among older individuals. While ischemic episodes are hard to predict and prevent, detrimental ischemic effects could be mitigated by exogenous intervention. This study aims to identify the protective role of angiotensin (ANG)1-7 against I/R-induced renal injury in adult vs. aged rats. Adult and aged male Fisher 344 rats were subjected to 40-minute bilateral renal ischemia followed by 28-days reperfusion. ANG1-7 was administered intraperitoneally in ischemic rats for 28 days without or with Mas receptor antagonist A779. I/R increased blood pressure, plasma creatinine, urinary 8-isoprostane, and renal infiltration of pro and anti-inflammatory macrophages and reduced glomerular filtration rate in both adult and aged rats compared to shams. In addition to causing glomerular sclerosis and tubular damage, I/R increased the expression of pathogenic microRNAs (miRNAs): miR-20a-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-24-3p, and miR-194-5p in both the age groups. ANG1-7 treatment of ischemic rats mitigated oxidative stress and renal inflammation, restored renal structure and function, and reduced high blood pressure. Also, ANG1-7 suppressed the expression of pathogenic miRNAs. In addition, ANG1-7 treatment of I/R rats increased the expression of redox-sensitive transcription factor NRF2 and phase II antioxidant enzymes. The beneficial effects of ANG1-7 were sensitive to A779. Collectively, these data suggest that ANG1-7 associated with NRF2 activation could alleviate post-I/R-induced kidney injury and therefore serve as a potential therapeutic compound to protect against biochemical and morphological pathologies of I/R in both adults and aged populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Zaman
- Heart and Kidney Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Anees Ahmad Banday
- Heart and Kidney Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States
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Radmehr V, Ahangarpour A, Mard SA, Khorsandi L. Crocin ameliorates MicroRNAs-associated ER stress in type 2 diabetes induced by methylglyoxal. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 25:179-186. [PMID: 35655590 PMCID: PMC9124542 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2022.60493.13407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Methylglyoxal (MG) provokes endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in β-cells and triggers pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. Crocin has anti-diabetic properties. The present study investigated whether crocin prevented pancreas damages induced by MG. MATERIALS AND METHODS Diabetes was induced by MG administration (600 mg/kg/day, PO). On the fourteenth day, after proving hyperglycemia, crocin (15, 30, and 60 mg/kg) and metformin (MT) (150 mg/kg) were used for detoxification of MG until the end of the experiment. The animals were divided into 6 groups: 1) control, 2) diabetic by MG, 3) MG + crocin 15 mg/kg, 4) MG + crocin 30 mg/kg, 5) MG + crocin 60 mg/kg, and 6) MG + MT. The data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and significant differences were compared by Tukey and Bonferroni tests (P<0.05). Biochemical assays, antioxidant evaluation, and microRNAs expression associated with ER stress were assessed. RESULTS MG induced hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia (P<0.001). Crocin and MT significantly ameliorated β-cell function through reduction of fasting blood glucose, malondialdehyde levels (P<0.001), and significant elevation of anti-oxidant enzyme activity accompanied by regulation of glutathione and glyoxalase1-Nrf2 in MG induced diabetic mice. Crocin and MT significantly down-regulated microRNAs 204, 216b, 192, and 29a expression (P<0.001). Crocin (60 mg/kg) (P<0.01) and MT (P<0.001) could improve diameter of pancreatic islets in MG treated mice. CONCLUSION Crocin prevents the progression of diabetes through modulating ER stress-associated microRNAs and GLO1 activity with the helpful effects of glutathione and Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Radmehr
- Student Research Committee, Department of Physiology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Akram Ahangarpour
- Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,Corresponding author: Akram Ahangarpour. Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Tel: +98-61-357-15794;
| | - Seyyed Ali Mard
- Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,Alimentary Tract Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Layasadat Khorsandi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Hu Q, Qu C, Xiao X, Zhang W, Jiang Y, Wu Z, Song D, Peng X, Ma X, Zhao Y. Flavonoids on diabetic nephropathy: advances and therapeutic opportunities. Chin Med 2021; 16:74. [PMID: 34364389 PMCID: PMC8349014 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00485-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
With the advances in biomedical technologies, natural products have attracted substantial public attention in the area of drug discovery. Flavonoids are a class of active natural products with a wide range of pharmacological effects that are used for the treatment of several diseases, in particular chronic metabolic diseases. Diabetic nephropathy is a complication of diabetes with a particularly complicated pathological mechanism that affects at least 30% of diabetic patients and represents a great burden on public health. A large number of studies have shown that flavonoids can alleviate diabetic nephropathy. This review systematically summarizes the use of common flavonoids for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. We found that flavonoids play a therapeutic role in diabetic nephropathy mainly by regulating oxidative stress and inflammation. Nrf-2/GSH, ROS production, HO-1, TGF-β1 and AGEs/RAGE are involved in the process of oxidative stress regulation. Quercetin, apigenin, baicalin, luteolin, hesperidin, genistein, proanthocyanidin and eriodictyol were found to be capable of alleviating oxidative stress related to the aforementioned factors. Regarding inflammatory responses, IL-1, IL-6β, TNF-α, SIRT1, NF-κB, and TGF-β1/smad are thought to be essential. Quercetin, kaempferol, myricetin, rutin, genistein, proanthocyanidin and eriodictyol were confirmed to influence the above targets. As a result, flavonoids promote podocyte autophagy and inhibit the overactivity of RAAS by suppressing the upstream oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways, ultimately alleviating DN. The above results indicate that flavonoids are promising drugs for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. However, due to deficiencies in the effect of flavonoids on metabolic processes and their lack of structural stability in the body, further research is required to address these issues. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Caiyan Qu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xiaolin Xiao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yinxiao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Zhao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Dan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - YanLing Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
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Zhang L, Jing M, Liu Q. Crocin alleviates the inflammation and oxidative stress responses associated with diabetic nephropathy in rats via NLRP3 inflammasomes. Life Sci 2021; 278:119542. [PMID: 33915128 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM Currently, drugs for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy (DN) are lacking. This study aimed to explore the protective effect of crocin on DN. MAIN METHODS Diabetes was induced in rats by streptozotocin (STZ), and changes in metabolism and renal parameters after crocin treatment were measured. Dihydroethidium (DHE) fluorescence and superoxide generation were used to detect the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in rat renal tissues. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure changes inflammation-related factors with crocin treatment. In addition, the expression of Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) signaling pathway components was detected by western blot analysis, qRT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry. KEY FINDINGS Crocin lowered blood sugar, increased serum insulin levels, and improved diabetes-related symptoms, including kidney dysfunction. Masson trichrome staining revealed that crocin could improve renal tissue fibrosis caused by hyperglycemia. Moreover, crocin inhibited ROS production in renal tissues and generally inhibited the production of the proinflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-18. Crocin exerted these functions by inhibiting the expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome in DN rats. SIGNIFICANCE Crocin alleviates DN related oxidative stress and inflammation by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasomes. Our results provide a new target for the treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjuan Zhang
- Department of Nephropathy and Rheumatology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China.
| | - Mengmeng Jing
- Department of Nephropathy and Rheumatology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | - Quan Liu
- Department of Nephropathy and Rheumatology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
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Liu L, Chen H, Yun J, Song L, Ma X, Luo S, Song Y. miRNA-483-5p Targets HDCA4 to Regulate Renal Tubular Damage in Diabetic Nephropathy. Horm Metab Res 2021; 53:562-569. [PMID: 34126643 DOI: 10.1055/a-1480-7519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the diagnostic value of miR-483-5p in diabetic nephropathy (DN), and its effect and mechanism on apoptosis and inflammation of human proximal renal tubular cells (HK2) induced by high glucose (HG). Thirty healthy controls, 30 types 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, and 28 DN patients were enrolled. miR-483-5p mRNA levels in serum were analyzed by RT-qPCR assays. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the diagnostic value of miR-483-5p in DN. HK2 cells were induced by HG to establish an in vitro study model. CCK-8 and flow cytometry was used to detect cell viability, apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Inflammation levels were measured by ELISA. Luciferase reporter assay was used to detect target genes of miR-483-5p. miR-483-5p was decreased in DN patients. The decreased level of miR-483-5p was positively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and negatively correlated with proteinuria. miR-483-5p can significantly distinguish DN patients from healthy controls and T2DM and has a high diagnostic value. miR-483-5p decreased in HK2 cells induced by HG, and overexpression of miR-483-5p reversed HG-induced decreased cell activity, increased apoptosis, ROS production, and inflammation. Histone deacetylase 4 (HDCA4) was markedly increased in DN patients and HG-induced HK2 cells. miR-483-5p directly targeted HDCA4, and increasing miR-483-5p inhibited HDCA4 increased in HG-induced HK2. In conclusion, the results indicate that reduction of miR-483-5p has a high diagnostic value in DN, and overexpression of miR-483-5p has a certain protective effect on HK2 cells induced by HG by targeting HDCA4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM, 200137, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanzhen Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200060, China
| | - Jie Yun
- Department of Nephrology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Liqun Song
- Department of Nephrology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaopeng Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shan Luo
- Department of Nephrology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yexu Song
- Department of Science and Technology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang, China
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Kucukler S, Benzer F, Yildirim S, Gur C, Kandemir FM, Bengu AS, Ayna A, Caglayan C, Dortbudak MB. Protective Effects of Chrysin Against Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Induced by Lead Acetate in Rat Kidneys: a Biochemical and Histopathological Approach. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:1501-1514. [PMID: 32613487 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02268-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the protective effects of chrysin (CR) on lead acetate (PbAc)-induced renal toxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats were investigated with biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical methods. In the study, rats were given orally at 30 mg/kg/body weight (BW) PbAc after CR of 25 and 50 mg/kg/BW was administered to them orally (a total of 7 administrations for 7 days). The results showed that CR reduced urea and creatinine levels by alleviating PbAc-induced kidney damage. It was determined that CR decreases PbAc-induced lipid peroxidation due to its antioxidant properties and increases catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, and glutathione (GSH) levels. It was also detected that CR protects DNA from the toxic effects of PbAc and reduces 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels. Biochemical and immunohistochemical findings demonstrated that CR had anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects and reduced nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), interleukin-33 (IL-33), prostaglandin-E2 (PGE-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), p53 levels, and the activities of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which were increased with PbAc administration. Moreover, CR was found to increase the levels of aquaporin-1 (AQP-1) and nephrine in PbAc-induced kidney tissue. CR decreased the contents of lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), sodium (Na), and copper (Cu) and increased those of potassium (K) calcium (Ca) in renal tissue. These results indicated that CR considerably alleviates kidney toxicity caused by PbAc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sefa Kucukler
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fulya Benzer
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Science, Munzur University, 62000, Tunceli, Turkey
| | - Serkan Yildirim
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Cihan Gur
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatih Mehmet Kandemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Aydin Sukru Bengu
- Department of Medical Services and Tecniques, Program of Medical Laboratory Tecniques, Bingol University, 12000, Bingöl, Turkey
| | - Adnan Ayna
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Bingol University, 12000, Bingöl, Turkey
| | - Cuneyt Caglayan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bingol University, 12000, Bingöl, Turkey
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Kooshki F, Tutunchi H, Vajdi M, Karimi A, Niazkar HR, Shoorei H, Pourghassem Gargari B. A Comprehensive insight into the effect of chromium supplementation on oxidative stress indices in diabetes mellitus: A systematic review. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 48:291-309. [PMID: 33462845 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder defined as an increase in blood glucose levels (hyperglycaemia) and insufficient production or action of insulin produced by the pancreas. Chronic hyperglycaemia leads to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and oxidative stress, which consequently results in insulin resistance, beta cell degeneration, dyslipidaemia, and glucose intolerance in diabetic patients. Chromium has an essential role in the metabolism of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates through increasing insulin efficiency. This systematic review aimed to evaluate chromium supplementation's potential roles in oxidative stress indices in diabetes mellitus. A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Cochrane, and Science Direct databases until November 2020. All clinical trials and animal studies that assessed chromium's effect on oxidative stress indices in diabetes mellitus and were published in English-language journals were included. Finally, only 33 out of 633 articles met the required criteria for further analysis. Among 33 papers, 25 studies were performed on animals, and eight investigations were conducted on humans. Twenty-eight studies of chromium supplementation lead to reducing oxidative stress indices. Also, 23 studies showed that chromium supplementation markedly increased antioxidant enzymes' activity and improved levels of antioxidant indices. In conclusion, chromium supplementation decreased oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus. However, further clinical trials are suggested in a bid to determine the exact mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Kooshki
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Helda Tutunchi
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Vajdi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Arash Karimi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Niazkar
- Student Research Committee, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Bahram Pourghassem Gargari
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Mojadami S, Ahangarpour A, Mard SA, Khorsandi L. Diabetic nephropathy induced by methylglyoxal: gallic acid regulates kidney microRNAs and glyoxalase1-Nrf2 in male mice. Arch Physiol Biochem 2021; 129:655-662. [PMID: 33460343 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1857775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylglyoxal (MG) has been reported to be a toxic by-product of glycolysis and intracellular stressor compound. This study investigated the effects of gallic acid (GA) against diabetic nephropathy (DN) induced by MG in male mice. METHODS DN was induced by methylglyoxal (600 mg/kg/day, p.o.) treated for 28 consecutive days. The animals received GA (30 mg/kg/day, p.o.) and metformin (MT) (150 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 7 consecutive days after diabetes induction. Biochemical assays, antioxidant evaluation, microRNAs associated with fibrosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and histopathological analysis were examined. RESULTS MG increased malondialdehyde, albuminuria, Nrf2, miR-192 and miR-204 expression in diabetic groups and GA decreased them. Superoxide dismutase, catalase, glyoxalase1, and miR-29a expression decreased in diabetic groups and increased in treatment with GA. CONCLUSION Our results revealed that GA has improved DN induced by MG via amelioration of biochemical indices, histopathological aspects, oxidative stress and microRNAs associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnaz Mojadami
- Student Research Committee, Department of Physiology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Akram Ahangarpour
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyyed Ali Mard
- Physiology Research Center, Alimentary Tract Research Center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Layasadat Khorsandi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Gu C, Shi X, Dang X, Chen J, Chen C, Chen Y, Pan X, Huang T. Identification of Common Genes and Pathways in Eight Fibrosis Diseases. Front Genet 2021; 11:627396. [PMID: 33519923 PMCID: PMC7844395 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.627396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute and chronic inflammation often leads to fibrosis, which is also the common and final pathological outcome of chronic inflammatory diseases. To explore the common genes and pathogenic pathways among different fibrotic diseases, we collected all the reported genes of the eight fibrotic diseases: eye fibrosis, heart fibrosis, hepatic fibrosis, intestinal fibrosis, lung fibrosis, pancreas fibrosis, renal fibrosis, and skin fibrosis. We calculated the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment scores of all fibrotic disease genes. Each gene was encoded using KEGG and GO enrichment scores, which reflected how much a gene can affect this function. For each fibrotic disease, by comparing the KEGG and GO enrichment scores between reported disease genes and other genes using the Monte Carlo feature selection (MCFS) method, the key KEGG and GO features were identified. We compared the gene overlaps among eight fibrotic diseases and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) was finally identified as the common key molecule. The key KEGG and GO features of the eight fibrotic diseases were all screened by MCFS method. Moreover, we interestingly found overlaps of pathways between renal fibrosis and skin fibrosis, such as GO:1901890-positive regulation of cell junction assembly, as well as common regulatory genes, such as CTGF, which is the key molecule regulating fibrogenesis. We hope to offer a new insight into the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying fibrosis and therefore help leading to the development of new drugs, which specifically delay or even improve the symptoms of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuening Dang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiafei Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunji Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yumei Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xufeng Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Bio-Med Big Data Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Zou J, Sui D, Fu W, Li Y, Yu P, Yu X, Xu H. Total flavonoids extracted from the leaves of Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack alleviate oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in a rat model of diabetic cardiomyopathy. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Chang L, Wang Q, Ju J, Li Y, Cai Q, Hao L, Zhou Y. Magnoflorine Ameliorates Inflammation and Fibrosis in Rats With Diabetic Nephropathy by Mediating the Stability of Lysine-Specific Demethylase 3A. Front Physiol 2020; 11:580406. [PMID: 33414721 PMCID: PMC7785030 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.580406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) represents one of the most devastating complications for patients with diabetes. The anti-diabetic activities of Magnoflorine (MF) were reported, with underlying mechanism unknown. Lysine-specific demethylase 3A (KDM3A) was identified in the renal injuries. In the current study, we investigated the functional role of MF in DN progression with the involvement of KDM3A. We reported that in the animal model of DN induced by streptozotocin (STZ) injection, MF attenuated inflammatory response and fibrosis in the kidneys. In cultured mesangial cells, MF similarly ameliorated abnormal proliferation and lowered the expression of inflammation- and fibrosis-related factors stimulated by high glucose (HG) treatment. Upon MF treatment, there was a decline in KDM3A-positive cells in renal tissues of rats, accompanying an augment in KDM3A ubiquitination. KDM3A upregulation in vitro by a proteasome inhibitor MG132 comparably dampened the inhibitory role of MF in inflammatory response and fibrosis. Further analyses revealed that MF increased transforming growth factor β-induced factor 1 (TGIF1) transcriptional activity by promoting ubiquitination and degradation of KDM3A, thus inhibiting the activation of TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway. TGIF1 silencing weakened the repressive role of MF in mesangial cells as well. In conclusion, MF contributes to TGIF1 transcription via an epigenetic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiannan Ju
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qiao Cai
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lirong Hao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Zeng Y, Feng Z, Liao Y, Yang M, Bai Y, He Z. Diminution of microRNA-98 alleviates renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy by elevating Nedd4L and inactivating TGF-β/Smad2/3 pathway. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:3406-3418. [PMID: 33315506 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1838780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have already been documented to function in diabetic nephropathy (DN), yet little research has focused on the role of miR-98 in this disease. Here, we discuss the mechanism of miR-98 on the renal fibrosis in DN. Recombinant adeno-associated virus carrying miR-98 inhibitor or Nedd4L overexpression plasmid was injected into DN modeled rats to explore their roles in DN. Renal tubular epithelial cell injury models (NRK-52E cells) were induced by high glucose (HG). HG-treated NRK-52E cells were transfected with miR-98 inhibitor or Nedd4L overexpression plasmid for further verification. MiR-98 was upregulated, Nedd4L was downregulated and TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling was activated in kidney tissues of DN rats and HG-treated NRK-52E cells. miR-98 targeted Nedd4L mRNA 3'UTR. MiR-98 depletion and Nedd4L overexpression inactivated TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling pathway, alleviated pathological damage and fibrosis, ameliorated inflammation, and depressed cell apoptosis of kidney tissues of DN rats. MiR-98 depletion and Nedd4L overexpression inactivated TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling pathway, strengthened viability, and limited apoptosis of HG-treated renal tubular epithelial cells. Nedd4L overexpression reversed the effect of up-regulating miR-98 on DN rats and HG-treated renal tubular epithelial cells. Altogether, we find that miR-98 is upregulated in kidney tissues of DN rats, and miR-98 diminution and Nedd4L elevation attenuate renal fibrosis through inactivation of the TGF-β/Smad2/3 pathway, which provides a novel therapy for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zeng
- Nephrology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhijian Feng
- Nephrology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yunjuan Liao
- Nephrology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Nephrology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yihua Bai
- Nephrology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhenkun He
- Nephrology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Qi SS, He J, Dong LC, Yuan LP, Wu JL, Zu YX, Zheng HX. Cyanidin-3-glucoside from black rice prevents renal dysfunction and renal fibrosis in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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